An Active Deception Defense Model Based on Address Mutation and Fingerprint Camouflage

The static and predictable characteristics of cyber systems give attackers an asymmetric advantage in gathering useful information and launching attacks.To reverse this asymmetric advantage,a new defense idea,called Moving Target Defense(MTD),has been proposed to provide additional selectable measures to complement traditional defense.However,MTD is unable to defeat the sophisticated attacker with fingerprint tracking ability.To overcome this limitation,we go one step beyond and show that the combination of MTD and Deception-based Cyber Defense(DCD)can achieve higher performance than either of them.In particular,we first introduce and formalize a novel attacker model named Scan and Foothold Attack(SFA)based on cyber kill chain.Afterwards,we develop probabilistic models for SFA defenses to provide a deeper analysis of the theoretical effect under different defense strategies.These models quantify attack success probability and the probability that the attacker will be deceived under various conditions,such as the size of address space,and the number of hosts,attack analysis time.Finally,the experimental results show that the actual defense effect of each strategy almost perfectly follows its probabilistic model.Also,the defense strategy of combining address mutation and fingerprint camouflage can achieve a better defense effect than the single address mutation.

Distributed Application Addressing in 6G Network

To ensure the extreme performances of the new 6G services,applications will be deployed at deep edge,resulting in a serious challenge of distributed application addressing.This paper traces back the latest development of mobile network application addressing,analyzes two novel addressing methods in carrier network,and puts forward a 6G endogenous application addressing scheme by integrating some of their essence into the 6G network architecture,combining the new 6G capabilities of computing&network convergence,endogenous intelligence,and communication-sensing integration.This paper further illustrates how that the proposed method works in 6G networks and gives preliminary experimental verification.

Application Strategies of Automatic Addressable Single-Lamp Control Technology in Tunnel Lighting

The article mainly studies the application strategy of automatic addressable single-lamp control technology in tunnel lighting.It encompasses an introduction to this technology,an analysis of the tunnel lighting system using automatic addressable single-lamp control technology,and outlines the main development direction for this technology in modern tunnel lighting.The aim is to offer insights that can inform the rational deployment of this technology,thereby enhancing the lighting control effectiveness in modern tunnels and meeting their specific lighting requirements more effectively.

An Experimental Simulation of Addressing Auto-Configuration Issues for Wireless Sensor Networks

Applications of Wireless Sensor devices are widely used byvarious monitoring sections such as environmental monitoring, industrialsensing, habitat modeling, healthcare and enemy movement detection systems.Researchers were found that 16 bytes packet size (payload) requires MediaAccess Control (MAC) and globally unique network addresses overheads asmore as the payload itself which is not reasonable in most situations. Theapproach of using a unique address isn’t preferable for most Wireless SensorNetworks (WSNs) applications as well. Based on the mentioned drawbacks,the current work aims to fill the existing gap in the field area by providingtwo strategies. First, name/address solutions that assign unique addresseslocally to clustered topology-based sensor devices, reutilized in a spatialmanner, and reduce name/address size by a noticeable amount of 2.9 basedon conducted simulation test. Second, name/address solutions that assignreutilizing of names/addresses to location-unaware spanning-tree topologyin an event-driven WSNs case (that is providing minimal low latenciesand delivering addressing packet in an efficient manner). Also, to declinethe approach of needing both addresses (MAC and network) separately, itdiscloses how in a spatial manner to reutilize locally unique sensor devicename approach and could be utilized in both contexts and providing anenergy-efficient protocol for location unawareness clustered based WSNs.In comparison, an experimental simulation test performed and given theaddresses solution with less overhead in the header and 62 percent fairpayload efficiency that outperforms 34 percent less effective globally uniqueaddresses. Furthermore, the proposed work provides addresses uniquenessfor network-level without using network-wide Duplicate Address Detection(DAD) algorithm. Consequently, the current study provides a roadmap foraddressing/naming scheme to help researchers in this field of study. In general,some assumptions were taken during the work phases of this study such asnumber of Cluster Head (CH) nodes is 6% of entire sensor nodes, locationunawareness for entire sensor network and 4 bits per node address space whichconsidered as the limitation of the study.

Shared Cache Based on Content Addressable Memory in a Multi-Core Architecture

Modern shared-memory multi-core processors typically have shared Level 2(L2)or Level 3(L3)caches.Cache bottlenecks and replacement strategies are the main problems of such architectures,where multiple cores try to access the shared cache simultaneously.The main problem in improving memory performance is the shared cache architecture and cache replacement.This paper documents the implementation of a Dual-Port Content Addressable Memory(DPCAM)and a modified Near-Far Access Replacement Algorithm(NFRA),which was previously proposed as a shared L2 cache layer in a multi-core processor.Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation(SPEC)Central Processing Unit(CPU)2006 benchmark workloads are used to evaluate the benefit of the shared L2 cache layer.Results show improved performance of the multicore processor’s DPCAM and NFRA algorithms,corresponding to a higher number of concurrent accesses to shared memory.The new architecture significantly increases system throughput and records performance improvements of up to 8.7%on various types of SPEC 2006 benchmarks.The miss rate is also improved by about 13%,with some exceptions in the sphinx3 and bzip2 benchmarks.These results could open a new window for solving the long-standing problems with shared cache in multi-core processors.

Challenges and Countermeasures for Integrating the Protection of Environmental Rights into Actions for Addressing Climate Change

Climate change,which is the result of human activities,has wide-ranging impact.It poses a serious threat to human rights.Environmental rights are where the protection of the ecological environment and the development of human rights intersect.In view of the close relationship between the actions for addressing climate change and environmental rights,China should integrate the protection of environmental rights into the actions for addressing climate change,so as to achieve simultaneous development of both.In the process of coping with climate change,the right to climate stability that mainly pursues a“harmless”environment and the right to a more livable climate that pursues a“beautiful eco-environment”are specific manifestations of environmental rights and should be the priority of protection efforts.However,there are still some obstacles to achieving the coordinated development of the efforts to address climate change and the protection of environmental rights because traditional rights protection methods mainly give individuals subjective rights with the power to claim and are thus difficult to meet the needs of environmental rights protection in the context of climate change,and there are inherent value differences between responding to climate change and the realization of other human rights.Building a multi-level national obligation system to address climate change,giving full play to the role of courts in responding to climate change through moderate judicial activism,and coordinating the efforts to cope with climate change and the development of human rights under the guidance of a holistic system view are effective ways to overcome the aforementioned difficulties.

An Analysis of Chinese Address Terms From the Perspective of Speech Act Theory

Address terms are an important resource for conveying relationships.In daily interactions,the use of address terms is unavoidable.Therefore,the choose of address terms is particularly critical to make communicate smoothly with people.Previous scholars have studied address terms from a wide range of perspectives.But there is not much research on Chinese address terms based on speech act theory,which is put forward by John Langshaw Austin.By observing communicative conversations,several findings have been emerged from the analysis.They are professional title,affectionate address terms,and common address terms.These findings express the existential significance of address terms,which are the premise for people to maximize their illocutionary act when communicating.Correct understanding and grasp of the use of address terms is conductive to unfolding the communicative dialogue more smoothly.

论黄金分割思想在散文文体分析中的美学价值——以Gettysburg Address为例

与其他艺术形式一样,文学作品中也存在黄金分割。迄今为止,前人研究了黄金分割在诗歌、小说和戏剧三种文体结构中的体现,但未涉及散文。文章以林肯总统的Gettysburg Address为例,从段落、句子、词汇、音节、演讲时长五个层面来分析黄金分割在其中的体现,并就其在散文文体分析中的适用性展开讨论。研究发现:黄金分割是一种特殊的语言现象,适用于散文文体分析,具有独特的美学价值。

异构系统集成中基于WS-Addressing的消息安全转发方案

由于W eb Services原有的消息寻址规范WS-Routing存在安全隐患,W3C制定了WS-Addressing规范,用于替代WS-Routing。提出一种基于WS-Addressing规范的解决方案,使用一致的寻址模式发送事件消息来实现消息级的安全,提高异构系统集成的安全性。

Virtual and physical address translation mechanism of interconnect network

Most of users are accustomed to utilizing virtual address in their parallel programs running at the scalable high-performance parallel computing systems.Therefore a virtual and physical address translation mechanism is necessary and crucial to bridge the hardware interface and software application.In this paper,a new virtual and physical translation mechanism is proposed,which includes an address validity checker,an address translation cache（ATC）,a complete refresh scheme and many reliability designs.The ATC employs a large capacity embedded dynamic random access memory（eDRAM）to meet the high hit ratio requirement.It also can switch the cache and buffer mode to avoid the high latency of accessing the main memory outside.Many tests have been conducted on the real chip,which implements the address translation mechanism.The results show that the ATC has a high hit ratio while running the well-known benchmarks,and additionally demonstrates that the new high-performance mechanism is well designed.

On the Analysis of the Address Term"老师" in General Use

The address term"老师"is used widely in modem society.This paper mainly studies the general use of the address term"老师".It raised the hypothesis firstly.Then some questionnaires were handed out to collect the data for the analysis.According to the statistics,this phenomenon is analyzed and interpreted.It is due to both psychological and social factors.

Effects of Linear Falling Ramp Reset Pulse on Addressing Operation in AC PDP

The effects of linear falling ramp reset pulse related to addressing operation in an alternating current plasma display panel （AC PDP） were studied. The wall charge waveforms were measured by the electrode balance method in a 12-inch coplanar AC PDP. The wall charge waveforms show the relationship between the slope ratio of the falling ramp reset pulse and the wall charges at the end of the falling ramp reset pulse which influences the addressing stability. Then the effects of the slope ratio of the linear falling ramp reset pulse on the addressing voltage and addressing time were investigated. The experimental results show that the minimum addressing voltage increases with the increase of the slope ratio of the falling ramp reset pulse, and so does the minimum addressing time. Based on the experimental results, the optimization of the addressing time and the slope ratio of the falling ramp pulse is discussed.

On Barack Obama's Inaugural Address——A Systemic Functional Perspective

Obama's election draws the world's attention because of his skin color,so is his inaugural address.The paper analyzes his inaugural address according to the parameter of the three metafunctions from the perspective of systemic functional grammar:ideational,interpersonal and textual.Accordingly,transitivity system,Mood and modality,and thematic progression in the address are respectively examined.

An Analysis of Different Addressing Terms in High Context Communication and Low Context Communication from the Perspective of Frame Theory

Within the scope of human beings, some addressing terms are similar. However, different addressing terms still exist,which are influenced by the background of high context communication or low context communication. A good example is that Chinese traditional culture, a typical instance of high context communication, puts much emphasis on etiquette, which is represented in addressing terms as more complex and definite; In western, with the background of low context communication, every individual is more equal and they address each other more generally and much simpler. This paper tries to explore the addressing terms both in Chinese and in English from the perspective of frame theory.

A Study of Pragmatic Failure of Address Forms in Cross-cultural Communication

As the process of globalization moves on,cross-cultural communication has been a part of people' s daily lives.It is quite important for people to know how to behave properly in many situations.The present study analyses the phenomena of pragmatic failure of address forms.The study may help enhance peoples' awareness on polite address in cross-cultural communi cation and improve their communicative competence.Foreign language teachers can get implications for their teaching methods,paying more attention on cultural teaching.In addition,the author hopes that equal cultural communication and multi-cultural concept can be achieved.

Analysis of Gettysburg Address

In discourse analysis,different analyzer uses different ways to analyze discourse.This essay analyzes Gettysburg Address theoretically and practically based on Function Grammar proposed by M.A.K.Halliday.It aims to explore rather than literal meaning of the Address from different language structures by adopting some theories in Functional Grammar.

UDDI和WS-Addressing共存的Web服务模型

WS-Addressing用端点引用(EndpointReference,EPR)来进行Web服务寻址,EPR是动态生成的服务端点描述,它不能直接存储在统一描述、发现和集成(universal description discovery and integration,UDDI)的静态数据结构中。为实现UDDI和WS-Addressing共存的Web服务模型,提供了在UDDI中支持WS-Addressing的方法,并通过购物车的实现来说明应用程序应如何支持WS-Addressing。

Management of Address Information to Improve Quality of Customer Contact

Customer relationship management systems are gaining importance in today's business environment since customer satisfaction is crucial to the success of an enterprise, and especially so in e-business environment where customers can find substitute suppliers quite easily. In CRM, the quality of customer information is very important, and the address information even more so. It is because the address information plays a major role for customer contact channel and for timely and effective marketing service. Furthermore, it gives the basic source of geographic information for the offline delivery, the terminal activity of the e-commerce. In this study, we analyze various standards and proposals for the address information, and propose data models for the management of the information focusing on address components, and proto-type systems for management and service.

A Covert Communication Method Using Special Bitcoin Addresses Generated by Vanitygen

As an extension of the traditional encryption technology,information hiding has been increasingly used in the fields of communication and network media,and the covert communication technology has gradually developed.The blockchain technology that has emerged in recent years has the characteristics of decentralization and tamper resistance,which can effectively alleviate the disadvantages and problems of traditional covert communication.However,its combination with covert communication thus far has been mostly at the theoretical level.The BLOCCE method,as an early result of the combination of blockchain and covert communication technology,has the problems of low information embedding efficiency,the use of too many Bitcoin addresses,low communication efficiency,and high costs.The present research improved on this method,designed the V-BLOCCE which uses base58 to encrypt the plaintext and reuses the addresses generated by Vanitygen multiple times to embed information.This greatly improves the efficiency of information embedding and decreases the number of Bitcoin addresses used.Under the premise of ensuring the order,the Bitcoin transaction OP_RETURN field is used to store the information required to restore the plaintext and the transactions are issued at the same time to improve the information transmission efficiency.Thus,a more efficient and feasible method for the application of covert communication on the blockchain is proposed.In addition,this paper also provides a more feasible scheme and theoretical support for covert communication in blockchain.

Addressing the public health concerns of physical inactivity, low levels of fitness, and unhealthy weight among Chinese school-aged children

In China,sports and physical activity(PA)have traditionally been an integral part of school curricula to promote fitness and enhance healthy growth among children and adolescents.Three decades of economic reforms,however,have brought major changes in social,economic,and built environments that have resulted in concerns about the general health of the Chinese population due to accumulating epidemiologic evidence of increased levels of physical inactivity,high rates of obesity,and unhealthy diet.With the emergence of a progressively obesogenic environment,lack of safe and acces-