Adhesion and immunomodulatory effects of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 on intestinal epithelial cells INT-407

AIM:To elucidate the adherence and immunomodulatory properties of a probiotic strain Bifidobacterium lactis(B.lactis) HN019.METHODS:Adhesion assays of B.lactis HN019 and Salmonella typhimurium(S.typhimurium) ATCC 14028 to INT-407 cells were carried out by detecting copies of species-specific genes with real-time polymerase chain reaction.Morphological study was further conducted by transmission electron microscopy.Interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-8,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) gene expression were assessed while enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect IL-8 protein secretion.RESULTS:The attachment of S.typhimurium ATCC 14028 to INT407 intestinal epithelial cells was inhibited significantly by B.lactis HN019.B.lactis HN019 could be internalized into the INT-407 cells and attenuated IL-8 mRNA level at both baseline and S.typhimuriuminduced pro-inflammatory responses.IL-8 secretion was reduced while IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA expression level remained unchanged at baseline after treated with B.lactis HN019.CONCLUSION:B.lactis HN019 does not up-regulate the intestinal epithelium expressed pro-inflammatory cytokine,it showed the potential to protect enterocytes from an acute inflammatory response induced by enteropathogen.

Up-regulation of intestinal nuclear factor kappa B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 following traumatic brain injury in rats

AIM: Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) regulates a large number of genes involved in the inflammatory response to critical illnesses, but it is not known if and how NF-KB is activated and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expressed in the gut following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of current study was to investigate the temporal pattern of intestinal NF-κB activation and ICAM-1 expression following TBI. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (6 rats in each group) including controls with sham operation and TBI groups at hours 3, 12, 24, and 72, and on d 7. Parietal brain contusion was adopted using weight-dropping method. All rats were decapitated at corresponding time point and mid-jejunum samples were taken. NF-KB binding activity in jejunal tissue was measured using EMSA. Immunohistochemistry was used for detection of ICAM-1 expression in jejunal samples. RESULTS: There was a very low NF-κB binding activity and little ICAM-1 expression in the gut of control rats after sham surgery. NF-KB binding activity in jejunum significantly increased by 160% at 3 h following TBI (P<0.05 vs control), peaked at 72 h (500% increase) and remained elevated on d 7 post-injury by 390% increase. Compared to controls, ICAM-1 was significantly up-regulated on the endothelia of microvessels in villous interstitium and lamina propria by 24 h following TBI and maximally expressed at 72 h post-injury (P<0.001). The endothelial ICAM-1 immunoreactivity in jejunal mucosa still remained strong on d 7 post-injury. The peak of NF-κB activation and endothelial ICAM-1 expression coincided in time with the period during which secondary mucosal injury of the gut was also at their culmination following TBI. CONCLUSION: TBI could induce an immediate and persistent up-regulation of NF-κB activity and subsequent up-regulation of ICAM-1 expression in the intestine. Inflammatory response mediated by increased NF-κB activation and ICAM-1 expression may play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute gut mucosal injury following TBI.

Chinese medicine compound Changtong oral liquid on postoperative intestinal adhesions

AIM: The aim of this study was to observe the effect of a Chinese medicine compound Changtong oral liquid (CT) on tissue plasminogen activity (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), TGF-β1 and hydroxyproline (OHP). METHODS: Two sets of animal experiments were performed in the present study. Forty New Zealand rabbits and 48 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned randomly to one of the five groups: sham adhesion, adhesion with saline, adhesion with low dosage of the CT, adhesion with middle dosage of the CT and adhesion with high dosage of the CT. t-PA and PAI activity in plasma, OHP and TGF-β1 expression in adhesion were investigated. Analysis of variance was used to test differences among groups. RESULTS: CT treatment increased plasma t-PA activity in rabbits but decreased TGF-β1 activity in rats. The data were expressed from low to high dose respectively as follows: t-PA, 46.1±8.6 μkat/L, 59.6±10.1 μkat/L, 64.0±11.5 μkat/L; TGF-β1 28±7.23%, 31±3.05%, 30±4.04%. There were significant differences compared with saline-treated animals (t-PA 26.4±5.1 μkat/L, TGF-β1 54±5.51%). OHP content in cecum of rabbits from middle and high but not low dose of CT lowered significantly as compared with saline-treated rabbits, 0.3641±0.1373, 0.3348±0.0321, 0.2757±0.0497 mg/g vs 0.4183±0.0883 mg/g of protein, P>0.05, P<0.05, P<0.05 respectively. The rabbit plasma PAI activity and OHP content in abdominal wall had no difference in all groups. CONCLUSION: CT treatment significantly enhanced t-PA activity in rabbits, but decreased TGF-β1 content in rats, OHP content in cecum of rabbits, and failed to affect the activity of PAI and OHP content in abdominal wall in rabbits, compared with saline group. The result suggests that CT could effectively prevent adhesions without interfering wound healina.

Study on multi-target mechanism of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Dahuang) and Semen Persicae (Taoren) on adhesion intestinal obstruction based on network pharmacology

Objective: To explore the mechanism of action of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Dahuang)(RERR) and Semen Persicae (Taoren)(SP) on adhesive intestinal obstruction (AIO). Methods: The main targets of the active ingredients of RERR and SP were filtered based on the traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology analysis platform. Cytoscape 3.2.1 was applied to build the ingredient-target network of RERR and SP for AIO. Results: Fifteen active components were predicted from the RERR and SP herb pair, such as aloe-emodin, catechin, rhein, gibberellin (GA) 119, GA120 and GA121. These components were applied to 59 targets mainly involved in many biological processes such as signal transduction, anti-apoptosis, and inflammatory response involved in activating the immune effect. Conclusion: This study proposes the system pharmacology method and identifies the potent combination therapeutic mechanism of RERR and SP for AIO. This strategy will provide a new insight to the study of herb combinations.

Successful management of adhesion related small bowel ischemia without intestinal resection: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Intraabdominal adhesions develop spontaneously or after an inflammatory process or surgical procedure in the abdomen.They are the most common cause of small bowel obstruction(SBO).SBO occasionally leads to intestinal ischemia(In Is)which can be a life-threatening condition that requires management as soon as possible.We herein report a case of SBO with In Is presented in our institution and treated without intestinal resection.CASE SUMMARY A 34-year-old man presented at the emergency department after a 12-h-onset diffuse abdominal pain,bloating and nausea.He had a history of traumatic right hepatectomy 11 years ago as well as adhesiolysis and resection of a long part of small bowel 2 years ago.An abdominal computed tomography(CT)showed dilated loops that led to the diagnosis of SBO.Due to deteriorating lactic acidosis,the patient was operated.Torsion of the small bowel around an adhesion led to2.30 m of ischemic ileum.After the application of N/S 40°C for 20 min,the intestine showed signs of improvement and it was decided to avoid resection and instead temporary close the abdomen with vacuum-pack technique.At the second-look laparotomy 48 h later,the intestine appeared normal.The patient was discharged on the 8 th post-op day in excellent condition.CONCLUSION In case of SBO caused by adhesions,extreme caution is needed if In Is is present,as the clinical signs are mild and you should rely for diagnosis in CT findings and lactate levels.Conservative surgical approach could reverse the effects of In Is,if performed quickly,so that intestinal resection is avoided and should be used even when minimum signs of viability are present.

Purification and characterization of a gastrointestinal tract epithelial receptor for the adhesion factor of <i>Lactobacillus</i>

An epithelial receptor for the Lactobacillus surface adhesion factor was isolated and purified from mucus of the gastrointestinal tract of SPF chickens, using chromatography. The purified protein was analyzed with discontinuous, native gel electrophoresis and binding assay with cultured intestinal epithelial cells. A single band was obtained after purification. The molecular weight of this band was about 60 KDa. The purified protein inhibited the attachment of Lactobacillus to intestinal epithelial cells, suggesting that it is the gastrointestinal receptor for the surface adhesion factor of Lactobacillus.

Adhesive small bowel adhesions obstruction: Evolutions in diagnosis, management and prevention

Intra-abdominal adhesions following abdominal surgery represent a major unsolved problem. They are the first cause of small bowel obstruction. Diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation, water-soluble contrast followthrough and computed tomography scan. For patients presenting no signs of strangulation, peritonitis or severe intestinal impairment there is good evidence to support non-operative management. Open surgery is the preferred method for the surgical treatment of adhesive small bowel obstruction, in case of suspected strangulation or after failed conservative management, but laparoscopy is gaining widespread acceptance especially in selected group of patients. "Good" surgical technique and anti-adhesive barriers are the main current concepts of adhesion prevention. We discuss current knowledge in modern diagnosis and evolving strategies for management and prevention that are leading to stratified care for patients.

Challenges in diagnosing adhesive small bowel obstruction

Adhesive small bowel obstruction(ASBO)is the most frequently encountered surgical disorder of the small intestine.Up to 80%of ASBO cases resolve spontaneously and do not require invasive treatment.It is important to identify such patients that will benefit from conservative treatment in order to prevent unnecessarily exposing them to the risks associated with surgical intervention,such as morbidity and further adhesion formation.For the remaining ASBO patients,timely surgical intervention is necessary to prevent small bowel strangulation,which may cause intestinal ischemia and bowel necrosis.While early identification of these patients is key to decreasing ASBO-related morbidity and mortality,the non-specific signs and laboratory findings upon clinic presentation limit timely diagnosis and implementation of appropriate clinical management.Combining the clinical presentation findings with those from other diagnostic imaging modalities,such as abdominal X-ray,computed tomography-scan and water-soluble contrast studies,will improve diagnosis of ASBO and help clinicians to better evaluate the potential of conservative management as a safe strategy for a particular patient.Nonetheless,patients who present with moderate findings by all these approaches continue to represent a challenge.A new diagnostic strategy is urgently needed to further improve our ability to identify early signs of strangulated bowel,and this diagnostic modality should be able to indicate when surgical management is required.A number of potential serum markers have been proposed for this purpose,including intestinal fatty acid binding protein andα-glutathione S transferase.On-going research is attempting to clearly define their diagnostic utility and to optimize their potential role in determining which patients should be managed surgically.

Value of gastrografin in adhesive small bowel obstruction after unsuccessful conservative treatment: A prospective evaluation

AIM: Gastrografin is a hyperosmolar water-soluble contrast medium. Besides its predictive value for the need for operative treatment, a potential therapeutic role of this agent in adhesive small bowel obstruction has been suggested. This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of gastrografin in adhesive small bowel obstruction when conservative treatment failed. METHODS: Patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction were given trial conservative treatment unless there was fear of bowel strangulation. Those responded in the initial 48 h had conservative treatment continued. Patients who showed no improvement in the initial 48 h were given 100 mL of gastrografin through nasogastric tube followed by serial abdominal radiographs. Patients with the contrast appeared in large bowel within 24 h were regarded as having partial obstruction and conservative treatment was continued. Patients in which the contrast failed to reach large bowel within 24 h were considered to have complete obstruction and laparotomy was performed. RESULTS: Two hundred and twelve patients with 245 episodes of adhesive obstruction were included. Fifteen patients were operated on soon after admission due to fear of strangulation. One hundred and eighty-six episodes of obstruction showed improvement in the initial 48 h and conservative treatment was continued. Two patients had subsequent operations because of persistent obstruction. Forty-four episodes of obstruction showed no improvement within 48 h and gastrografin was administered. Seven patients underwent complete obstruction surgery. Partial obstruction was demonstrated in 37 other cases, obstruction resolved subsequently in all of them except one patient who required laparotomy because of persistent obstruction. The overall operative rate in this study was 10%. There was no complication that could be attributed to the use of gastrografin. CONCLUSION: The use of gastrografin in adhesive small bowel obstruction after unsuccessful conservative treatment is safe and reduces the need for suraical intervention

Risk Factors for the Development of Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction after Abdominal and Pelvic Operations

Introduction: Adhesive small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a disease process that has been difficult to prevent. Mechanical barriers and chemical agents exist to disrupt the formation of adhesions following surgery but each associated with medical risk and financial burden. Identifying risk factors for developing SBO in patients post laparotomy would aid in the appropriate use of such agents. We hypothesize that there might be additional risk factors that are associated with a higher likelihood of SBO. Methods: A retrospective analysis from 2008 to 2012 was performed. Cases of SBO following previous laparotomy were compared to those without SBO. Results: 468 medical records were reviewed (57% male). Operations that caused the highest risks for SBO included gynecological, colorectal and hernia operations with prosthetic materials. 66% percent of patients underwent a prior abdominal or pelvic high-risk procedure. The average time from surgery to the development of SBO was 24 months (median 19 months). Patients who developed SBO had a median age of 58.4 years on initial surgery, average previous operative time of 4.3 hours, and an av-erage of two prior operations. For every hour of operative time, the odds of developing SBO increased by 33% (p 3 decreased the odds of SBO (p = 0.05). Conclusions: Longer operative times are associated with post-operative adhesive small bowel obstruction. Patients with an ASA score greater than or equal to 3 appear to have a reduced risk of adhesive small bowel obstruction.

EFFECT OF PREOPERATIVE GLUTAMINE ADMINISTRATION ON ICAM-1 EXPRESSION IN RAT LUNG INDUCED BY INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION

Objective To evaluate the effect of preoperative glutamine administration on intracellular adhesion molecule-1 （1CAM-l） expression in rat lung induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion（ I/R）. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats （n = 25） were randomly divided into 5 groups： sham group （sham surgery）, glutamine groups （three different doses） and control group. All groups except sham were subjected to intestinal 1/R injury, and superior mesenteric artery （SMA） occluded for 60 min followed by 90 min of reperfusion. Lung injury was evaluated with Evans blue dye concentration and histopathologic examination. The immunohistochemical expression and mRNA expression of 1CAM-1 were measured with immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR method respectively. The level of myeloperoxidase （MPO） was also measured with biochemistry method. Results Intestinal 1/R resulted in lung injury characterized by an increase in Evans blue dye concentration, neutrophil sequestration, and obvious staining for expression of pulmonary 1CAM-l, compared with sham group. The expression of 1CAM-1 and the level of MPO in rat lung were lower in glutamine groups compared with control group. Conclusion 1-R injury increases the expression of 1CAM-1 within the lung. This may contribute to the migration, accumulation and activation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils （PAINs） after such injury. Preoperative glutamine administration attenuates rat lung injury induced by intestinal I-R, and inhibiting 1CAM-1 expression maybe one of the potential mechanisms.

茴香枳术汤对粘连性肠梗阻大鼠血浆内毒素的影响

目的:观察茴香枳术汤对粘连性肠梗阻大鼠血浆内毒素的影响,为深入探讨茴香枳术汤对粘连性肠梗阻微生态的作用机制提供实验依据。方法:从72只大鼠中,选择12只为正常组,其余60只制备大鼠粘连性肠梗阻模型,造模成功后随机分为假手术组,模型组,茴香枳术汤低(1.13 g/mL)、中(2.25 g、mL)、高(3.38 g/mL)剂量组,每组12只。各组给予对应药物治疗3天,末次给药后12 h股动脉取血,鲎试验偶氮基质显色法测定血浆内毒素含量;脱颈处死大鼠,取部分粘连组织行病理检查。结果:与正常组比较,模型组血浆内毒素含量显著增加(P<0.01);与模型组比较,假手术组及茴香枳术汤各剂量组血浆内毒素含量显著下降(P<0.01)。病理结果显示各治疗组肠壁形态逐渐恢复,炎症消退。结论:茴香枳术汤具有良好的治疗粘连性肠梗阻的作用,其作用机制与保护肠道微生态功能有关。

血府逐瘀汤加味联合隔药灸治疗肠粘连临床观察

目的探讨血府逐瘀汤加味联合隔药灸治疗术后肠粘连的临床效果。方法将122例术后肠粘连患者随机分为对照组和试验组,每组61例。对照组给予常规对症处理及枸橼酸莫沙必利片、颠茄片治疗,试验组在对照组基础上给予血府逐瘀汤加味联合隔药灸治疗,两组均治疗3周。比较两组临床疗效、腹痛程度评分、血清炎性细胞因子及肠道屏障功能指标水平。结果治疗后,试验组总有效率为90.16%(55/61),高于对照组的73.77%(45/61)(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,试验组治疗后疼痛分级指数(PRI)、视觉模拟量表(VAS)及现时疼痛强度(PPI)评分均较低,血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1(IL-1)及白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平较低,血清D-乳酸、二胺氧化酶(DAO)水平较低,谷氨酰胺(GLN)水平较高(P<0.05)。结论血府逐瘀汤加味联合隔药灸治疗术后肠粘连的临床效果显著,能明显减轻腹痛症状、抑制炎症反应、促进肠黏膜屏障功能恢复,具有临床推广应用价值。

人乳低聚糖与肠道菌群互作及其调节婴儿免疫功能的研究进展

人乳低聚糖(human milk oligosaccharides,HMOs)是母乳中的一类重要组分,迄今为止已经确定了200多种结构不同的HMOs。HMOs能在肠道微生物的作用下产生短链脂肪酸,对婴儿健康产生有益影响,这是母乳与配方粉的主要区别之一。研究表明,不同种类的肠道微生物利用不同机制来识别和消化不同结构的HMOs,维持肠道菌群平衡。同时,HMOs还具有缓解过敏症状,预防坏死性小肠结肠炎等多种功能。本文对HMOs的结构、种类与含量、与婴儿肠道菌群的互作及其免疫调节功能进行了综述。HMOs可促进婴儿肠道菌群的定植与生长,并通过多种方式直接或间接调节婴儿免疫功能。本文为HMOs在婴幼儿食品中的应用提供理论支持,对其未来研发方向提供新思路。

黏附性双歧杆菌对小鼠便秘的缓解作用及对小鼠肠道菌群及肠道形态的影响

目的:探究黏附性双歧杆菌对小鼠便秘的缓解作用及对小鼠肠道菌群及肠道形态的影响。方法:检测14株双歧杆菌黏附性。50只小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性药物组、低黏附性组与高黏附性组,每组10只。对照组、模型组接受0.2 ml无菌双蒸水灌胃,阳性药物组接受0.2 ml 1.52 mg/kg乳果糖水溶液灌胃,低黏附性组、高黏附性组接受0.2 ml 10^(9)CFU/ml对应双歧杆菌水溶液灌胃,1 d/次,连续37 d。从第31天开始建立便秘模型,除对照组外其余4组额外接受0.2 ml 10 mg/(kg·bw)盐酸洛哌丁胺无菌水溶液灌胃,1 d/次,连续7 d。造模结束后每只小鼠再接受0.2 ml活性炭混悬液灌胃,测定首粒黑便排出时间。禁食12 h后接受无菌双蒸水或盐酸洛哌丁胺灌胃,1 h后接受0.2 ml活性炭混悬液灌胃,30 min后处死所有小鼠,测量肠道全长与活性炭混悬液在肠内推进的距离,计算小肠推进率。收集第30天、第36天小鼠4 h内排出的新鲜粪便,测定粪便含水率与短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)含量。HE染色观察小肠组织形态,免疫荧光检测闭锁小带蛋白1(ZO-1)、闭锁蛋白Occludin表达情况,qRT-PCR检测水通道蛋白、c-kit及血清素相关基因转录水平,ELISA检测5-羟色胺(5-HT)、IL-1β、TNF-α水平、16S rRNA高通量测序检测肠道菌群相对含量。结果:选择CCFM 622、CCFM 624、CCFM 626、CCFM 641、CCFM 642配成低黏附性组使用的菌组,CCFM 16、CCFM 625、CCFM 643、CCFM 666、CCFM 668配成高黏附性组使用的菌组。与对照组相比,模型组、阳性药物组、低黏附性组、高黏附性组首粒黑便排出时间、AQP4、AQP8 mRNA、5-HT、IL-1β、TNF-α水平升高(P<0.05),小肠推进率、粪便含水率、ZO-1、Occludin荧光强度、c-kit、5-HT_(4)R、Tph1 mRNA、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸水平降低(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,阳性药物组、低黏附性组、高黏附性组首粒黑便排出时间、AQP4、AQP8 mRNA、5-HT、IL-1β、TNF-α水平降低(P<0.05),小肠推进率、粪便含水率、ZO-1、Occludin荧光强度、c-kit、5-HT_(4)R、Tph1 mRNA、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸水平升高(P<0.05)。与阳性药物组、高黏附性组相比,低黏附性组首粒黑便排出时间、AQP4、AQP8 mRNA、5-HT、IL-1β、TNF-α水平升高(P<0.05),小肠推进率、粪便含水率、ZO-1、Oc?cludin荧光强度、c-kit、5-HT_(4)R、Tph1 mRNA、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸水平降低(P<0.05)。对照组黏膜结构完整,小肠绒毛整齐均匀,无损伤或皱褶,细胞结构完整;模型组小肠绒毛严重破裂萎缩,杯状细胞不完整;与模型组相比,阳性药物组、低黏附性组、高黏附性组小肠绒毛形态有所改善,杯状细胞数量有所增加,阳性药物组与高黏附性组小肠绒毛形态改善程度较低黏附性组更为明显。与对照组相比,模型组Shannon指数、Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes(F to B)比率下降(P<0.05),属水平存在差异(P<0.05);与模型组相比,阳性药物组、低黏附性组、高黏附性组Shannon指数、F to B比率升高(P<0.05)。模型组与对照组、阳性药物组、低黏附性组、高黏附性组样本点可以区分,但对照组、阳性药物组、低黏附性组、高黏附性组样本点重合度较高。结论:双歧杆菌能够调节便秘小鼠肠道菌群,提升肠道运转效率,保护肠道黏液屏障,具有高黏附性的双歧杆菌对小鼠便秘的缓解效果优于低黏附性的双歧杆菌。

益生菌的表面成分影响其胃肠道黏附定殖的研究进展

益生菌能够黏附定殖在人体肠道细胞上是充分发挥其益生作用的重要前提。益生菌的表面成分作为黏附因子与黏附位点间的相互作用是影响益生菌黏附定殖的关键环节。在黏附位点上与黏附因子相互作用的受体,除了黏液层中的某些物质,还有肠道细胞上分泌的胞外物质。益生菌表面蛋白类和非蛋白类的黏附因子具有黏附特异性,通过调控黏附因子的表达可以促进益生菌的肠道黏附定殖。该文对近年来关于肠道黏附位点的研究情况进行综述,对生物膜形成过程中部分黏附因子的表达与黏附关系进行分析,为黏附因子更好地在人体内发挥益生价值提供参考,为探究生物膜的形成对黏附的影响奠定理论基础。

红毛藻多糖抑制大肠杆菌黏附Caco-2细胞的机制

基于体外人结肠腺癌细胞(Caco-2)单层模型,研究红毛藻多糖(Bangia fusco-purpurea polysaccharide,BFP)对大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)黏附Caco-2细胞的影响以及潜在作用机制。采用CFDA-SE荧光标记技术分析BFP对E.coli黏附Caco-2细胞单层的影响;利用实时聚合酶链式反应分析BFP对Caco-2细胞表面整合素β1和E.coli黏附素fimH及E.coli黏附Caco-2细胞导致细胞产生的炎症因子(白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-1β、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)-α)和细胞紧密连接蛋白(闭锁小带蛋白-1(zonula occludens-1,ZO-1)与Occludin)的基因表达情况,最终基于Western Blot分析验证ZO-1、Occludin蛋白表达。结果表明,BFP在质量浓度为400~800μg/mL时能够显著抑制E.coli黏附Caco-2细胞单层;BFP主要通过下调Caco-2细胞表面整合素β1和E.coli黏附素基因fimH的表达抑制细菌的黏附。此外,BFP可显著抑制E.coli及其培养上清液诱导Caco-2细胞产生的炎症细胞因子基因表达的上调、紧密连接蛋白(ZO-1与Occludin)及其基因表达的下调。综上所述,BFP能够抑制E.coli对Caco-2细胞单层的黏附,实验结果可为其开发新型的抗菌产品以及BFP的高值利用和精深加工提供参考。

基于基因组测序分析3株不同来源副干酪乳酪杆菌的黏附特性及糖代谢途径

副干酪乳酪杆菌(Lacticaseibacillus paracasei)ZY-1来源于西藏灵菇,L.paracasei S-NA5与L.paracasei S-NB分离自新疆老酸奶。本研究通过体外评价菌株的表面特性和黏附性能,结合全基因组测序,比较分析3株菌株黏附作用相关基因的差异性。菌株S-NB的胃肠道耐受能力和黏附Caco-2细胞性能均优于S-NA5和ZY-1。3株菌均含有2个胞外多糖(exopolysaccharide,EPS)合成基因簇,其中菌株ZY-1的EPS合成基因簇1与S-NA5和S-NB差别较大。同时预测到脂磷壁酸合成相关基因以及蛋白类黏附素的相关结构域,S-NB菌株的黏附蛋白基因编码产物的二级结构预测分析结果表明,11种黏附蛋白的二级结构以α-螺旋和无规卷曲为主。另外,在3株菌中发现完整的乳糖和半乳糖、低聚果糖和菊糖以及母乳低聚糖代谢途径,呈高度保守。

单孔腹腔镜辅助在单腔结肠造口还纳中的应用探索

目的探讨单孔腹腔镜辅助在单腔结肠造口还纳中的应用及安全性。方法回顾性分析南华大学附属第一医院2020年5月1日至2022年4月20日行单孔腹腔镜辅助还纳的5例结肠单腔造口患者的围手术期资料。观察术中粘连情况、手术时间、术中出血量、术后恢复排气排便时间、术后初次下床活动时间、术后3 d疼痛评分、术后住院天数、术后并发症(肺部感染、吻合口漏/瘘、术后肠梗阻、腹内感染)及伤口愈合等级情况。结果5例患者均成功完成单孔腹腔镜下造口还纳术,无中转开腹、肠损伤、输尿管损伤等情况发生。术中中位腹腔粘连评分为5(2,6)分,中位手术时间为225(165,320)min,术中中位出血量80(20,120)ml。术后1例患者发生肺部感染,术后均无吻合口漏/瘘、肠梗阻、腹内感染发生,1例患者伤口乙级愈合,所有患者术后均早期下床活动,术后3 d中位疼痛评分为3(2,4)分。结论单孔腹腔镜辅助可应用于腹腔粘连较重的单腔结肠造口还纳,在减轻术后疼痛、术后快速康复等方面具有潜在优势。