Hypothalamic circuits and aging:keeping the circadian clock updated

Over the past century,age-related diseases,such as cancer,type-2 diabetes,obesity,and mental illness,have shown a significant increase,negatively impacting overall quality of life.Studies on aged animal models have unveiled a progressive discoordination at multiple regulatory levels,including transcriptional,translational,and post-translational processes,resulting from cellular stress and circadian derangements.The circadian clock emerges as a key regulator,sustaining physiological homeostasis and promoting healthy aging through timely molecular coordination of pivotal cellular processes,such as stem-cell function,cellular stress responses,and inter-tissue communication,which become disrupted during aging.Given the crucial role of hypothalamic circuits in regulating organismal physiology,metabolic control,sleep homeostasis,and circadian rhythms,and their dependence on these processes,strategies aimed at enhancing hypothalamic and circadian function,including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches,offer systemic benefits for healthy aging.Intranasal brain-directed drug administration represents a promising avenue for effectively targeting specific brain regions,like the hypothalamus,while reducing side effects associated with systemic drug delivery,thereby presenting new therapeutic possibilities for diverse age-related conditions.

Strengthening pharmacotherapy research for COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis

The global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has resulted in a significant number of individuals developing pulmonary fibrosis(PF),an irreversible lung injury.This condition can manifest within a short inter-val following the onset of pneumonia symptoms,sometimes even within a few days.While lung transplantation is a potentially lifesaving procedure,its limited availability,high costs,intricate surgeries,and risk of immunological rejection present significant drawbacks.The optimal timing of medication administration for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)-induced PF remains controversial.Despite this,it is crucial to explore pharmacotherapy interventions,involving early and preventative treatment as well as pharmacotherapy options for advanced-stage PF.Additionally,studies have demonstrated disparities in anti-fibrotic treatment based on race and gender factors.Genetic mutations may also impact therapeutic efficacy.Enhancing research efforts on pharmacotherapy interventions,while considering relevant pharmacological factors and optimizing the timing and dosage of medication administration,will lead to enhanced,personalized,and fair treatment for individuals impacted by COVID-19-related PF.These measures are crucial in lessening the burden of the disease on healthcare systems and improving patients'quality of life.

Optimization and Construction of Collaborative Office under the Background of Smart Campus in Universities

At present, with the continuous development of technologies such as the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence, smart campuses in universities are being rapidly constructed. Improving the informatization level of administrative management work is also an important content. The collaborative office work in multiple departments requires more standardized, convenient, intelligent, and secure office systems. In response to this issue, this article analyzes the optimization and construction process of collaborative office systems based on the development of university informatization, summarizes the operational results, and explores the prospects of smart office.

The basic core traditional C hinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and its active mechanisms

Background:COVID-19 has had a dramatic impact on human health,economies,societies,and livelihoods around the world.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formulae have played an important role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.WHO evaluated the role of TCM in treating of COVID-19 and encouraged other countries to promote the use of TCM formulae.However,the key is to find the basic core traditional Chinese medicine(BC-TCM)among those formulae.Methods:For the first time,we mined the data of TCM formulae in CNIPA and analyzed herb characteristics and association rules.We then determined the BC-TCM and screened main compounds and therapeutic targets.Finally,the potential molecular mechanisms were explored by using enrichment analyses and molecular docking.Results:This study screened 123 patented TCM formulae,including 312 herbs.According to frequency statistics and association rules,nine herbs(Gan Cao,Jin Yinhua,Guang Huoxiang,Fu Ling,Huang Qi,Jie Geng,Lian Qiao,Cang Zhu,Ku Xingren)were selected as the BC-TCM.The BC-TCM involved 166 main compounds and 48 therapeutic targets.The active compounds Hederagenin,Spinasterol,Beta-sitosterol,and Liquiritin had high binding activity to the COVID-19 targets 3CL,ACE2,and core targets RELA,HSP90AA1,STAT3,MAPK3,and TP53 according to molecular docking results.Interestingly,Hederagenin might be a potential compound for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.Conclusion:Our research predicted and confirmed the preventive therapeutic effect of BC-TCM on COVID-19.This has the potential to broaden the scope of TCM,guide people in using clinical formulae,and provide valuable insights for future TCM discovery research.

Exploring Corporate Tax Compliance in the Era of Digital Tax Collection and Administration:Insights from the“Golden Tax Phase Four”Project

This article primarily examines the current state of tax collection and management,alongside other associated issues.It integrates insights from China’s“14th Five-Year Plan”and anticipates the imminent implementation of the“Golden Tax Phase Four.”With this backdrop,the article offers recommendations for advancing the reform of the tax collection and management system,fostering the development of intelligent taxation,and accelerating the modernization of tax collection and management in China.

结核病患者手机应用程序督导服药的应用及其影响因素

目的分析上海市2021年新发非利福平耐药肺结核患者手机应用程序(application,APP)督导服药的应用情况及其影响因素,为进一步优化手机APP督导管理方式的应用策略提供依据。方法通过易督导患者管理系统(e-Patient Service System,e-PSS)平台收集患者管理数据,通过《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》结核病子系统收集患者性别、年龄组、职业、户籍、病原学结果等信息。对手机APP督导管理应用情况及相关影响因素进行统计分析。采用卡方检验和多因素非条件logistic回归分析结核病患者使用手机APP督导服药的影响因素。结果2021年上海市采用e-PSS平台管理患者2687例,其中使用手机APP督导服药的患者790例,占29.4%。使用手机APP督导服药的患者总体服药率为99.8%,总体规则服药率为99.5%,坚持打卡率为24.1%。多因素分析结果显示,病原学结果阳性(OR值为2.328,95%CI为1.474~3.825)及阴性(OR值为1.699,95%CI为1.067~2.809),年龄60岁及以下(≤20岁、>20~40岁、>40~60岁的OR值分别为11.017、16.864、9.002,95%CI分别为3.793~40.430、6.881~55.914、3.674~29.837),职业为农民(OR值为1.801,95%CI为1.289~2.519)的患者更倾向于使用手机APP进行服药管理。结论结核病患者日常服药管理应针对不同类型人群采用不同的督导管理方式,对于>20~40岁年龄组、病原学阳性、职业为农民、有合并症的结核病患者,社区医生可以优先推荐使用手机APP进行服药管理。

Exploring the potential to enhance drug distribution in the brain subregion via intranasal delivery of nanoemulsion in combination with borneol as a guider

The number of people with Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is increasing annually,with the nidus mainly concentrated in the cortex and hippocampus.Despite of numerous efforts,effective treatment of AD is still facing great challenges due to the blood brain barrier(BBB)and limited drug distribution in the AD nidus sites.Thus,in this study,using vinpocetine(VIN)as a model drug,the objective is to explore the feasibility of tackling the above bottleneck via intranasal drug delivery in combination with a brain guider,borneol(BOR),using nanoemulsion(NE)as the carrier.First of all,the NE were prepared and characterized.In vivo behavior of the NE after intranasal administration was investigated.Influence of BOR dose,BOR administration route on drug brain targeting behavior was evaluated,and the influence of BOR addition on drug brain subregion distribution was probed.It was demonstrated that all the NE had comparable size and similar retention behavior after intranasal delivery.Compared to intravenous injection,improved brain targeting effect was observed by intranasal route,and drug targeting index(DTI)of the VIN–NE group was 154.1%,with the nose-to-brain direct transport percentage(DTP)35.1%.Especially,remarkably enhanced brain distribution was achieved after BOR addition in the NE,with the extent depending on BOR dose.VIN brain concentration was the highest in the VIN-1-BOR-NE group at BOR dose of 1 mg/kg,with the DTI reaching 596.1%and the DTP increased to 83.1%.BOR could exert better nose to brain delivery when administrated together with the drug via intranasal route.Notably,BOR can remarkably enhance drug distribution in both hippocampus and cortex,the nidus areas of AD.In conclusion,in combination with intranasal delivery and the intrinsic brain guiding effect of BOR,drug distribution not only in the brain but also in the cortex and hippocampus can be enhanced significantly,providing the perquisite for improved therapeutic efficacy of AD.

Application of Tranexamic Acid in Shoulder Arthroscopic Surgery:A Randomised Controlled Trial

Objective To explore the optimal administration route of tranexamic acid(TXA)in shoulder arthroscopic surgery.Methods Patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were randomly divided into four groups:control group(without TXA treatment),intravenous group(TXA was intravenously administered 10 minutes before surgery),irrigation group(TXA was added to the irrigation fluid during subacromial decompression and acromioplasty),and intravenous plus irrigation group(TXA was applied both intravenously and via intra-articular irrigation).The primary outcome was visual clarity assessed with visual analog scale(VAS)score,and the secondary outcomes included irrigation fluid consumption and time to subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure.Results There were 134 patients enrolled in the study,including 33 in the control group,35 in the intravenous group,32 in the irrigation group,and 34 in the intravenous plus irrigation group.The median and interquartile range of VAS scores for the intravenous,irrigation,and intravenous plus irrigation groups were 2.70(2.50,2.86)(Z=-3.677,P=0.002),2.67(2.50,2.77)(Z=-3.058,P<0.001),and 2.91(2.75,3.00)(Z=-6.634,P<0.001),respectively,significantly higher than that of the control group[2.44(2.37,2.53)].Moreover,the control group consumed more irrigation fluid than the intravenous group,irrigation group,and intravenous plus irrigation group(all P<0.05).The intravenous plus irrigation group consumed less irrigation fluid than either the intravenous group or the irrigation group(both P<0.001).There was no difference in subacromial decompression and acromioplasty operative time among the four groups.Conclusion TXA applied both topically and systematically can improve intraoperative visual clarity,and the combined application is more effective.

拜登政府对华气候政策的竞争逻辑

Climate change is a core issue on which China and the United States(US)are relatively willing to cooperate.Compared with Barack Obama,Joe Biden has incorporated additional elements of climate governance into the competitive track.His administration has attached increased importance to reciprocity and uniformity in sharing responsibilities,relied heavily on coercion and inducement as methods for advancing relevant policy agendas,and focused on the clean technology sector in a bid to decouple from China.The competitive logic of the climate policy pursued by the Biden administration has spotlighted its objectives:to seek leadership in global climate governance,to serve America's value-oriented diplomacy by manipulating ideologies in the realm of climate governance,and to sustain a relative dominant position in the climate governance system.To a certain extent,the competitive measures by the Biden administration have shaped the external environment of China's development and its participation in global climate governance.However,they can hardly achieve the core objective of serving America's strategic competition against China.Such a competitive climate policy will destabilize the strategic relationship between China and the US,impeding breakthroughs that resemble the Paris Agreement in the multilateral climate process.

Research on the intelligent internet nursing model based on the child respiratory and asthma control test scale for asthma management of preschool children

BACKGROUND Childhood asthma is a common respiratory ailment that significantly affects preschool children.Effective asthma management in this population is particularly challenging due to limited communication skills in children and the necessity for consistent involvement of a caregiver.With the rise of digital healthcare and the need for innovative interventions,Internet-based models can potentially offer relatively more efficient and patient-tailored care,especially in children.AIM To explore the impact of an intelligent Internet care model based on the child respiratory and asthma control test(TRACK)on asthma management in preschool children.METHODS The study group comprised preschoolers,aged 5 years or younger,that visited the hospital's pediatric outpatient and emergency departments between January 2021 and January 2022.Total of 200 children were evenly and randomly divided into the observation and control groups.The control group received standard treatment in accordance with the 2016 Guidelines for Pediatric Bronchial Asthma and the Global Initiative on Asthma.In addition to above treatment,the observation group was introduced to an intelligent internet nursing model,emphasizing the TRACK scale.Key measures monitored over a six-month period included the frequency of asthma attack,emergency visits,pulmonary function parameters(FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and PEF),monthly TRACK scores,and the SF-12 quality of life assessment.Post-intervention asthma control rates were assessed at six-month follow-up.RESULTS The observation group had fewer asthma attacks and emergency room visits than the control group(P<0.05).After six months of treatment,the children in both groups had higher FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and PEF(P<0.05).Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups(P<0.05).For six months,children in the observation group had a higher monthly TRACK score than those in the control group(P<0.05).The PCS and MCSSF-12 quality of life scores were relatively higher than those before the nursing period(P<0.05).Furthermore,the groups showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The asthma control rate was higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION TRACK based Intelligent Internet nursing model may reduce asthma attacks and emergency visits in asthmatic children,improve lung function,quality of life,and the TRACK score and asthma control rate.The effect of nursing was significant,allowing for development of an asthma management model.

Knowledge,attitude,and practices related to medication errors among nursing professionals:a questionnaire-based study in a tertiary care hospital

Objective:To evaluate the level of understanding(knowledge),beliefs(attitude),and behavior(practice)of staff nurses toward medication errors(MEs).Methods:Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to nursing professionals who had at least 1 year of work experience.Each questionnaire contained 19 items assessing“knowledge,”“attitude,”and“practice”attributes toward MEs.Results:Responses from 47 nursing respondents were included for the final analysis.The mean knowledge score was 3.8±1.1(out of 6);66%and 79%of the respondents had awareness of medication repor ting systems and interventions in preventing MEs,respectively.Lack of adequate knowledge in recognizing MEs(P=0.003),or presuming MEs are not as important enough to be reported(P=0.002),was considered as the major reason for under-repor ting of MEs.Nurses with higher knowledge score were against administration of medication through a different route than that prescribed by the physician(P=0.023),and tried to rectify an ME(P=0.020)and stayed with the patient until an oral medication had been swallowed(P=0.037).Conclusions:The nursing professionals were aware of the ME repor ting system and methods to prevent the occurrence of MEs.They also exhibited a positive attitude and followed optimal practices in controlling MEs.

Telehealth utilization among Egyptian population and health institutional readiness:An exploratory study

Objective:This study aimed to assess the public’s perspectives and the health institutions’readiness for telehealth utilization in Egypt.Methods:A cross-sectional study design was employed,and data were collected from a convenient sample of 800 Egyptian citizens and 26 nursing administrators and information technology personnel from 16 governmental hospitals and 10 private hospitals between January and March 2022.The Egyptian community utilization of telehealth questionnaire and the telemedicine hospital readiness assessment were used to collect the data.Results:The results revealed that 35.1%of the general Egyptian population used telehealth services and 43%expressed willingness to use them in future.As perceived by the general Egyptian population,the most prevalent barriers to telehealth utilization were communication barriers(97.6%),lack of confidence in health professionals(77.6%),technological limitations(72.5%),the need for physical examination(25%),and privacy concerns(10%).Regarding hospital readiness,42%of governmental hospitals were not taking any initiative to implement telehealth services,and 15.4%were at the beginner level,meaning that some steps had been taken.However,the hospital was still far from being able to implement telehealth services.In contrast,private hospitals were either at the beginner or advanced level.Conclusion:Although the use of telehealth services in Egypt has increased,there is a need to address the barriers to public utilization and improve hospitals’readiness to implement telehealth services to enhance public usage.

America’s Policy towards China under Two Administrations in the Context of Great Changes: Difference, Influence and Enlightenment

Under the great changes unseen in a century,comprehensive containment and suppression of China in the name of strategic competition has become a crossparty consensus in the United States,with the Republican Trump administration initiating the process of containing and suppressing China and the Democratic Biden administration continuing and developing such a strategy.In the process of implementing this strategy,there are some diff erences in the goals and means of the two American administrations.The Trump administration was trying to“crush China”with the super strength of the United States,with more extreme and tougher means,being more unilateralist and even going so far as to launch a“new Cold War”against China.The Biden administration,on the other hand,emphasizes long-term competition with China,and focuses on“managing competition”while suppressing China,accustomed to being double-handed and using both carrot and stick.When it comes to addressing global challenges,the Republican Party completely lacks the will to cooperate with China,while the Democratic Party has a certain need for cooperation and action.

Research on cognitive load evaluation with subjective method in manual assembly

Subjective scales have different kinds of applicability in diverse fields.This study intends to implement a quantitative approach to determine the applicability of subjective scales in manual as-sembly work and evaluate the cognitive load of assembly workers.A multi-scale research paradigm based on subjective evaluation method is proposed.Three typical task stages are extracted from the process of assembly work.The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index(NASA-TLX)scale,PAAS scale and Workload Profile Index Ratings(WP)scale are selected for the design of 3×3 multi-factor mixed experiment.The power spectrum density(PSD)characteris-tics of electroencephalogram(EEG)are utilized to identify the difficulty levels of the three task sta-ges.The relevant indicators of scale applicability are assessed.The results show that in terms of sensitivity,NASA-TLX scale reaches the highest sensitivity(F=999.137,P=0<0.05).In terms of validity,NASA-TLX scale possesses the best concurrent validity(P=0.0255<0.05).In terms of diagnosticity,NASA-TLX scale based on 6 dimensions takes on the best diagnostic performance.In terms of subject acceptability,WP scale performs the worst.According to the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)model,the applicability scores of NASA-TLX scale,PAAS scale and WP scale are determined as 3,2.55 and 1.6714,respectively.Therefore,NASA-TLX scale is regarded as the most suitable subjective evaluation questionnaire for assembly workers,which is also an effective quantitative evaluation method for the cognitive load of assembly workers.

The Method of Combining Internal and External Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)believes that the main pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis is spleen deficiency;damp heat in the large intestine as the symptom,the treatment must be warming,clearing,eliminating,tonifying,astringing concurrently.From the concept of combining holism and the local treatment in TCM,idea of combining internal and external treatment is adopted.That is,the external treatment follows the therapeutic principle of using herbs with a bitter and cold nature to eliminate stagnation,and the seven carbon decoction,which can clear heat and dampness,cool the blood,and stop dysentery,is used as a rectal drip to retain the enema.Internal treatment follows the therapeutic principle of warmly tonifying and cultivating vital qi,with oral Chinese herbal medicine named Maodie Tang to strengthen the spleen and tonify the kidney,clearing heat and inducing dampness.

Application of Information Technology in Institutions and Challenges of Human Resources-Case Study: Administration of the Municipality of Ferizaj

This study aims to investigate how information technology is applied in the administration of the municipality of Ferizaj and what are the challenges with human resources, the work was carried out through a case study in the municipality. This paper highlights that the use of information technology provides higher efficiency for the performance of daily work in the municipality, thus also the provision of better services to citizens. However, the level of use of information technology in the Municipality of Ferizaj leaves much to be desired in terms of efficiency because a significant number of employees have not attended adequate training for the effective and efficient use of various IT applications and have not are still adapted to the digital environment in the municipality. Therefore, the recommendation derived from this paper is that the information technology environment in the municipality of Ferizaj needs to be improved by providing staff with adequate qualifications, while for those who are currently engaged in the municipality and who do not have adequate qualifications, training should be provided in a way that all users of IT applications are fully integrated into the digitized environment in order to be effective and efficient in providing services to citizens. This simultaneously gives the municipal staff job security and motivation for better services for citizens. Also, information technology enables a better control over the activity of the municipality because every action is recorded as data which can then be used to analyze the performance of the municipality.

“Astragali Radix−Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma”herb pair in the treatment of liver cirrhosis and its pharmacological mechanisms

Objective:Liver cirrhosis is a disease that seriously damages human health.Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)formulae have a good therapeutic effect on cirrhosis,and the herb pair is the smallest unit in formula compatibility,which is important for improving the therapeutic effect.Therefore,identifying core herb pairs among TCM formulae is key.Methods:We mined the data of TCM formulae for the treatment of cirrhosis in the China National Intellectual Property Administration for the first time and analyzed their herb characteristics and association rules.We screened 405 patented TCM formulae,including 953 herbs.Based on frequency statistics and association rules,we determined“Astragali Radix-Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma”as the core herb pair.Results:Six active compounds,Isorhamnetin,Formononetin,Calycosin,Cryptotanshinone,Dihydrotanshinone I,and Tanshinone II A,were screened out based on previous studies and network pharmacology.We found that SRC,TP53,HSP90AA1,MAPK3,MAPK1,and STAT3 played pivotal roles in treating cirrhosis.Interestingly,molecular docking indicated that MAPK3 might be a potential pharmacological target for cirrhosis.Conclusion:We preliminarily predicted and verified the pharmacological and molecular mechanism of“Astragali Radix-Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma”in treating cirrhosis.This can expand the scope of TCM in the treatment of cirrhosis,guide people to use clinical formulae,and provide valuable insights for further drug discovery studies.

The Dilemma and Path of China's Sports Management System in the New Era

Strong in sports is strong in China,and the prosperity of sports is the prosperity of country.Sports embody the dream of national strength and revitalization,which is not only the true meaning of national strength,but also an important component of people's healthy and happy lives.Since the 18th Party Congress of the Communist Party of China,General Secretary Xi Jinping has delivered a number of important speeches on sports reform and development,as well as a series of important instructions and comments.China's sports management framework is essentially complete,the sports management mechanism has been improved,and the legalization has been developed.Despite China’s success in sports governance,there are still issues that need to be addressed,such as the conflict between administration and sports management,the imperfection of the relevant sports legislation system,the lack of methods for utilizing modern technology,and unified approach to sports development.This paper will examine the evolution of sports governance in China,analyze its problems.Finally,in response to the existing problems,investigate some viable options for promoting the development of sports in China.

Status, Transition, and Impact of the Yoon Suk-yeol Administration’s Trade Policy with China

China is Korea’s main trade partner in East Asia and one of its key economic and trade partners worldwide.The two countries have complementary industrial structure and a long history of trade exchanges.However,against the backdrop of a return to global trade protectionism and the politicization of international affairs with Yoon Suk-yeol coming to power,South Korea has undertaken a strong trade shift toward the United States(US),triggering a change in the pattern of economic cooperation in East Asia and challenging the regional trade structure.A review of the trade policy agenda of the Yoon Suk-yeol administration toward the US and China,along with a comparative review of Korea’s foreign trade stance under Moon Jae-in,allows for an analysis of the turnaround and characteristics of Yoon’s trade policy toward China during his tenure.The implications for global trade governance and regional security are further analyzed with an aim of finding a Nash equilibrium in trade cooperation among East Asian countries.

Design and Operation of Municipal Rain and Sewage United Pumping Station

In the process of designing a municipal rainwater and sewage pumping station,it is necessary to accurately grasp the design points,reasonably determine the scale of the rainwater and sewage pumping station,scientifically select the location and layout,and select materials reasonably.After completing the process design of the municipal rainwater and sewage pumping station and putting it into operation,in order to ensure the normal and stable operation of the pumping station,it is necessary to focus on strengthening the operation and management of diving equipment,cleaning equipment,and electromechanical equipment.The author analyzes the key points and specific design path of the process design of municipal rainwater and sewage pumping stations,and puts forward effective strategies for operation management,hoping to contribute to the scientific design and stable operation of municipal rainwater and sewage pumping stations.