Novel aerosol detection platform for SARS–CoV–2:Based on specific magnetic nanoparticles adsorption sampling and digital droplet PCR detection

The SARS–CoV–2 virus is released from an infectious source(such as a sick person)and adsorbed on aerosols,which can form pathogenic microorganism aerosols,which can affect human health through airborne transmission.Efficient sampling and accurate detection of microorganisms in aerosols are the premise and basis for studying their properties and evaluating their hazard.In this study,we built a set of sub-micron aerosol detection platform,and carried out a simulation experiment on the SARS–CoV–2 aerosol in the air by wet-wall cyclone combined with immunomagnetic nanoparticle adsorption sampling and ddPCR.The feasibility of the system in aerosol detection was verified,and the influencing factors in the detection process were experimentally tested.As a result,the sampling efficiency was 29.77%,and extraction efficiency was 98.57%.The minimum detection limit per unit volume of aerosols was 250 copies(102copies/m L,concentration factor 2.5).

Research progress of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 on aerosol collection and detection

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in late 2019 has negatively affected people's lives and productivity.Because the mode of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is of great concern,this review discusses the sources of virus aerosols and possible transmission routes.First,we discuss virus aerosol collection methods,including natural sedimentation,solid impact,liquid impact,centrifugal,cyclone and electrostatic adsorption methods.Then,we review common virus aerosol detection methods,including virus culture,metabolic detection,nucleic acid-based detection and immunology-based detection methods.Finally,possible solutions for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 aerosols are introduced.Point-of-care testing has long been a focus of attention.In the near future,the development of an instrument that integrates sampling and output results will enable the real-time,automatic monitoring of patients.

Quantitative analysis of 3-isopropylamino-1,2-propanediol as a degradation product of metoprolol in pharmaceutical dosage forms by HILIC-CAD

Aryloxypropanolamine is an essential structural scaffold for a variety of b-adrenergic receptor antagonists such as metoprolol.Molecules with such a structural motif tend to degrade into α,β ehydroxypropanolamine impurities via a radicaleinitiated oxidation pathway.These impurities are typically polar and nonchromophoric,and are thus often overlooked using traditional reversed phase chromatography and UV detection.In this work,stress testing of metoprolol confirmed the generation of 3-isopropylamino-1,2-propanediol as a degradation product,which is a specified impurity of metoprolol in the European Pharmacopoeia(impurity N).To ensure the safety and quality of metoprolol drug products,hydrophilic interaction chromatography(HILIC)methods using Halo Penta HILIC column(150mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)coupled with charged aerosol detection(CAD)were developed and optimized for the separation and quantitation of metoprolol impurity N in metoprolol drug products including metoprolol tartrate injection,metoprolol tartrate tablets,and metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets.These HILIC-CAD methods were validated per USP validation guidelines with respect to specificity,linearity,accuracy,and precision,and have been successfully applied to determine impurity N in metoprolol drug products.

SARS-CoV-2 aerosol transmission and detection

Aerosol transmission has been officially recognized by the world health authority resulting from its overwhelming experimental and epidemiological evidences.Despite substantial progress,few additional actions were taken to prevent aerosol transmission,and many key scientific questions still await urgent investigations.The grand challenge,the effective control of aerosol transmission of COVID-19,remains unsolved.A better understanding of the viral shedding into the air has been developed,but its temporal pattern is largely unknown.Sampling tools,as one of the critical elements for studying SARS-CoV-2 aerosol,are not readily available around the world.Many of them are less capable of preserving the viability of SARS-CoV-2,thus offering no clues about viral aerosol infectivity.As evidenced,the viability of SARS-CoV-2 is also directly impacted by temperature,humidity,sunlight,and air pollutants.For SARS-CoV-2 aerosol detection,liquid samplers,together with real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),are currently used in certain enclosed or semi-enclosed environments.Sensitive and rapid COVID-19 screening technologies are in great need.Among others,the breath-borne-based method emerges with global attention due to its advantages in sample collection and early disease detection.To collectively confront these challenges,scientists from different fields around the world need to fight together for the welfare of mankind.This review summarized the current understanding of the aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and identified the key knowledge gaps with a to-do list.This review also serves as a call for efforts to develop technologies to better protect the people in a forthcoming reopening world.