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Exploring the Impact of Factors Affecting the Lifespan of HIVs/AIDS Patient’s Survival: An Investigation Using Advanced Statistical Techniques
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作者 Christiana I. Ezeilo Edith U. Umeh +1 位作者 Daniel C. Osuagwu Chrisogonus K. Onyekwere 《Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases》 2023年第4期594-618,共25页
This study investigates the impact of various factors on the lifespan and diagnostic time of HIV/AIDS patients using advanced statistical techniques. The Power Chris-Jerry (PCJ) distribution is applied to model CD4 co... This study investigates the impact of various factors on the lifespan and diagnostic time of HIV/AIDS patients using advanced statistical techniques. The Power Chris-Jerry (PCJ) distribution is applied to model CD4 counts of patients, and the goodness-of-fit test confirms a strong fit with a p-value of 0.6196. The PCJ distribution is found to be the best fit based on information criteria (AIC and BIC) with the smallest negative log-likelihood, AIC, and BIC values. The study uses datasets from St. Luke hospital Uyo, Nigeria, containing HIV/AIDS diagnosis date, age, CD4 count, gender, and opportunistic infection dates. Multiple linear regression is employed to analyze the relationship between these variables and HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The results indicate that age, CD4 count, and opportunistic infection significantly impact the diagnostic time, while gender shows a nonsignificant relationship. The F-test confirms the model's overall significance, indicating the factors are good predictors of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The R-squared value of approximately 72% suggests that administering antiretroviral therapy (ART) can improve diagnostic time by suppressing the virus and protecting the immune system. Cox proportional hazard modeling is used to examine the effects of predictor variables on patient survival time. Age and CD4 count are not significant factors in the hazard of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time, while opportunistic infection is a significant predictor with a decreasing effect on the hazard rate. Gender shows a strong but nonsignificant relationship with decreased risk of death. To address the violation of the assumption of proportional hazard, the study employs an assumption-free alternative, Aalen’s model. In the Aalen model, all predictor variables except age and gender are statistically significant in relation to HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The findings provide valuable insights into the factors influencing diagnostic time and survival of HIV/AIDS patients, which can inform interventions aimed at reducing transmission and improving early diagnosis and treatment. The Power Chris-Jerry distribution proves to be a suitable fit for modeling CD4 counts, while multiple linear regression and survival analysis techniques provide insights into the relationships between predictor variables and diagnostic time. These results contribute to the understanding of HIV/AIDS patient outcomes and can guide public health interventions to enhance early detection, treatment, and care. 展开更多
关键词 Chris-Jerry Distribution Power Chris-Jerry Distribution Cox Proportional Hazard Aalen’s Model Factors affecting HIV/AIDs Patients CD4 Counts of HIV/AIDs Patients
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Exploring the Impact of Factors Affecting the Lifespan of HIVs/AIDS Patient’s Survival: An Investigation Using Advanced Statistical Techniques
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作者 Christiana I. Ezeilo Edith U. Umeh +1 位作者 Daniel C. Osuagwu Chrisogonus K. Onyekwere 《Open Journal of Statistics》 2023年第4期594-618,共25页
This study investigates the impact of various factors on the lifespan and diagnostic time of HIV/AIDS patients using advanced statistical techniques. The Power Chris-Jerry (PCJ) distribution is applied to model CD4 co... This study investigates the impact of various factors on the lifespan and diagnostic time of HIV/AIDS patients using advanced statistical techniques. The Power Chris-Jerry (PCJ) distribution is applied to model CD4 counts of patients, and the goodness-of-fit test confirms a strong fit with a p-value of 0.6196. The PCJ distribution is found to be the best fit based on information criteria (AIC and BIC) with the smallest negative log-likelihood, AIC, and BIC values. The study uses datasets from St. Luke hospital Uyo, Nigeria, containing HIV/AIDS diagnosis date, age, CD4 count, gender, and opportunistic infection dates. Multiple linear regression is employed to analyze the relationship between these variables and HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The results indicate that age, CD4 count, and opportunistic infection significantly impact the diagnostic time, while gender shows a nonsignificant relationship. The F-test confirms the model's overall significance, indicating the factors are good predictors of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The R-squared value of approximately 72% suggests that administering antiretroviral therapy (ART) can improve diagnostic time by suppressing the virus and protecting the immune system. Cox proportional hazard modeling is used to examine the effects of predictor variables on patient survival time. Age and CD4 count are not significant factors in the hazard of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time, while opportunistic infection is a significant predictor with a decreasing effect on the hazard rate. Gender shows a strong but nonsignificant relationship with decreased risk of death. To address the violation of the assumption of proportional hazard, the study employs an assumption-free alternative, Aalen’s model. In the Aalen model, all predictor variables except age and gender are statistically significant in relation to HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The findings provide valuable insights into the factors influencing diagnostic time and survival of HIV/AIDS patients, which can inform interventions aimed at reducing transmission and improving early diagnosis and treatment. The Power Chris-Jerry distribution proves to be a suitable fit for modeling CD4 counts, while multiple linear regression and survival analysis techniques provide insights into the relationships between predictor variables and diagnostic time. These results contribute to the understanding of HIV/AIDS patient outcomes and can guide public health interventions to enhance early detection, treatment, and care. 展开更多
关键词 Chris-Jerry Distribution Power Chris-Jerry Distribution Cox Proportional Hazard Aalen’s Model Factors affecting HIV/AIDs Patients CD4 Counts of HIV/AIDs Patients
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Study of BMP's affection on solidification and properties of CPC
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《Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition)》 2001年第3期111-,共1页
关键词 BMP study of BMP’s affection on solidification and properties of CPC
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Analysis of Krashen's Affective Filter Hypothesis
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作者 赵静 《海外英语》 2011年第8X期281-283,共3页
Affective filter hypothesis is one of Krashen's five hypotheses on Second Language Acquisition (SLA), and it states that a number of affective variables play a very important role in Second Language Acquisition. B... Affective filter hypothesis is one of Krashen's five hypotheses on Second Language Acquisition (SLA), and it states that a number of affective variables play a very important role in Second Language Acquisition. Based on the introduction of affective filter hypothesis, this paper will analyze the significance and shortcomings of this hypothesis. 展开更多
关键词 Krashen’s FIVE hypotheses affectIVE filter HYPOTHEsIs sIGNIFICANCE and sHORTCOMINGs
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Residual Stresses and Micro-Hardness Testing in Evaluating the Heat Affected Zone’s Width of Ferritic Ductile Iron Arc Welds 被引量:1
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作者 Georgios K. Triantafyllidis Dimitrios I. Zagliveris +5 位作者 Dionysios L. Kolioulis Christos S. Tsiompanis Titos N. Pasparakis Athanasios P. Gredis Melina L. Sfantou Ioannis E. Giouvanakis 《Materials Sciences and Applications》 2016年第1期73-82,共10页
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) in Ductile Irons (DI) is often required by foundries for practical manufacturing reasons. The mechanical properties of the welded structures are strongly dependent on their HAZ’s wid... Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) in Ductile Irons (DI) is often required by foundries for practical manufacturing reasons. The mechanical properties of the welded structures are strongly dependent on their HAZ’s width. A model based on the behaviour of the ferritic matrix of high-Si DIs in order to make an approach in measuring their HAZ’s width is developed in this study. A series of thermal treatments on 3.35 and 3.75 wt% Si as-cast DIs and spot SMAWs is applied on these materials. The applied SMAWs are done on non-preheated and preheated samples (150℃ - 300℃). For welding we modify the amperage (100 - 140A). The micro-hardness Vickers changes in the ferrite of the as-cast samples and inside the HAZ of the welded ones can be attributed to the existence of residual stresses (RS) in the ferritic matrix and assist in estimating the HAZ’s width. 展开更多
关键词 WELDs Heat affected Zone Residual stresses Micro-Hardness Vickers Heat affected Zone’s Width
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Father’s Love视听说课教学设计
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作者 刘秀兰 《英语教师》 2016年第18期76-79,共4页
一、整体设计思路 随着现代信息技术的发展,互联网被广泛应用于英语教学,尤其是英语视听说教学。以互联网为媒介的视听说课堂能够充分调动学生用耳、眼、脑等感官整体去感知语言材料,促使学生在逼真的语言环境下更有效地记忆、模仿。
关键词 视听说课 father s LOVE 英语视听说教学 授课时间 互联网资源 教研员 信息技术 视听材料 father
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父亲节的起源——Father's Day
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作者 刘妍 《英语自学》 2004年第6期25-25,共1页
父亲节(Father’s Day)与母亲节(Mother’s Day)一样,都是美国法定的节日。世界上第一个父亲节于1910年出现在美国,其发起人为美国华盛顿州史坡肯市(Spokane)的杜德夫人(Mrs.Dodd,Sonora Louise Smart Dodd)。
关键词 父亲节 fathers DAY 美国华盛顿州 MOTHER 德夫 这一天 柯立芝 尼克松总统 斯马
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My Beloved Has Gone ...-Deeply touched on Father’s Day
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作者 李磊 《中学生英语(初中版)》 2008年第18期19-19,共1页
有一种思念可以很长,有一种记忆可以很久,有一双手始终舒适,有一种情永远延续……It is a peaceful night again,everything is quiet.The moonlight shines brightly,which looks like pour-ing water and the cool wind flows through... 有一种思念可以很长,有一种记忆可以很久,有一双手始终舒适,有一种情永远延续……It is a peaceful night again,everything is quiet.The moonlight shines brightly,which looks like pour-ing water and the cool wind flows through the window, 展开更多
关键词 Deeply touched on fathers Day My Beloved Has Gone
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The Land Question and Catholic-Anglican Relations in Buha, Western Tanzania: The White Fathers and C.M.S. Experience, 1934-1959
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作者 Salvatory Stephen Nyanto 《History Research》 2016年第1期10-22,共13页
Land was important--in the course of spreading and seeking new converts--for both Missionaries of Africa (White Fathers) and Church Missionary Society (C.M.S.) in Buha, Western Tanzania. This paper examines the la... Land was important--in the course of spreading and seeking new converts--for both Missionaries of Africa (White Fathers) and Church Missionary Society (C.M.S.) in Buha, Western Tanzania. This paper examines the land question as one of the challenges that the White Fathers encountered in their attempt to evangelize communities in Western Tanzania. I argue that the land question remained throughout the late-colonial period one of the unresolved issues, and at some mission stations, impeded the activities of the White Fathers and C.M.S. missionaries. This paper relies on archival documents first, to examine the land question and White Fathers-C.M.S. relations in Buha from 1934 to 1959. Second, I intend to demonstrate the fact that land issues remained at the heart of the missionary enterprise in Buha. Both Catholic and Anglican missionaries were determined to have more mission plots for medical, education and religious purposes. 展开更多
关键词 land question White fathers C.M.s. Buha
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Father’s Day
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作者 李殿堂 《语言教育》 1991年第3期9-,共1页
Father’s Day comes on the third Sunday in June.It is not a national holiday. On that day, Americanshonour their fathers. Many people send their fathers acard or a gift. Americans are great letter-writers. Whatever ha... Father’s Day comes on the third Sunday in June.It is not a national holiday. On that day, Americanshonour their fathers. Many people send their fathers acard or a gift. Americans are great letter-writers. Whatever happensin a family, you congratulate all the members. Youcongratulate people at Easter, Christmas and Whit- 展开更多
关键词 EAsTER AMERICANs sUNDAY HOLIDAY letter fathers DAY comes CHRIsTMAs yourself friends
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Afracentrism in By the light of my father's smile
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作者 LI Ping HU Xiao-ying 《Sino-US English Teaching》 2009年第5期31-36,共6页
The novel, By the light of my father's smile, is the book which comprehensively embodies Alice Walker's womanist thoughts. In the novel, she describes a mixed tribe with both African and Indian ancestry. Through the... The novel, By the light of my father's smile, is the book which comprehensively embodies Alice Walker's womanist thoughts. In the novel, she describes a mixed tribe with both African and Indian ancestry. Through the mundo tribe with African features, she expresses her thoughts of Afracentrism. First of all, Alice Walker holds that African Americans should cherish the traditional African indigenous religion-animism, for it promotes equality and interrelateness among things. Furthermore, through Mundo people's cultural activities of making pots and their initiation songs, she intends to express such a womanist idea that survival and wholeness of entire race derives from that of each race, so those indigenous people who have been overrun by the powerful and wealthy western world are supposed to forgive the westerners' wrong doings, for only love can guide the entire race to achieve survival and wholeness. 展开更多
关键词 Africentrism By the light of my father's smile Alice Walker
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My Father’s Eyes——天地父子情
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作者 张仪 《新东方英语(中英文版)》 2016年第7期24-25,共2页
父亲之爱相较于母亲的细致与唠叨,往往显得隐忍、含蓄。所以,我们常说严父慈母、父爱如山。对于儿女而言,很多人常常是长大成年甚至为人父母后才真正理解父爱的厚重与不易。但无论如何,有父爱就是幸福的,那是一种如钢似铁的精神支柱与... 父亲之爱相较于母亲的细致与唠叨,往往显得隐忍、含蓄。所以,我们常说严父慈母、父爱如山。对于儿女而言,很多人常常是长大成年甚至为人父母后才真正理解父爱的厚重与不易。但无论如何,有父爱就是幸福的,那是一种如钢似铁的精神支柱与寄托。然而,不是所有人都能幸运地享受到父爱。譬如英国摇滚布鲁斯歌手Eric Clapton,他一生未与父亲谋面,中年又尝丧子之痛,这种无父爱眷顾、亲情又无处安放的痛苦全都寄托在歌曲《父亲的眼睛》(My Father’s Eyes)里。 展开更多
关键词 父子情 MY father s EYEs 布鲁斯 father TEARs distant REsTORE seedling teach
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Application of Bloom's Taxonomy for Affective Learning and Teaching in College English Class
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作者 朱周贤 《海外英语》 2014年第2X期43-44,共2页
Based on B.S.Bloom's Taxonomy for affective learning and teaching,an overview of how to apply affective teaching into English teaching is demonstrated.It is argued that to cultivate students'affective characte... Based on B.S.Bloom's Taxonomy for affective learning and teaching,an overview of how to apply affective teaching into English teaching is demonstrated.It is argued that to cultivate students'affective characteristics should be an indispensable objective in college English teaching. 展开更多
关键词 Bloom’s TAXONOMY affectIVE TEACHING COLLEGE Englis
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A Lyric of Nostalgia and Creation──Zhang Yimou's"My Father and Mother
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《China & The World Cultural Exchange》 1999年第6期39-40,共2页
关键词 Zhang Yimou’s"My father and Mother A Lyric of Nostalgia and Creation
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The Association between Home Literacy Environment and Children Literacy Outcomes: Fathers' involvement
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作者 李明慧 《海外英语》 2019年第8期269-270,共2页
Home Literacy Environment(HLE)is an important factor to influence children’s literacy abilities.The study was to look into previous studies on HLE and to propose the future direction on the relationship between fath... Home Literacy Environment(HLE)is an important factor to influence children’s literacy abilities.The study was to look into previous studies on HLE and to propose the future direction on the relationship between fathers’involvement in HLE and children’s literacy outcomes. 展开更多
关键词 HOME LITERACY ENVIRONMENT fathers’involvement children’s LITERACY OUTCOMEs
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Parkinson’s disease and affective disorder: The temporal relationship
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作者 Flemming Morkeberg Nilsson 《Open Journal of Psychiatry》 2012年第2期96-109,共14页
In relationship between the affective disorders and Parkinson’s disease (PD) it was found that comorbidity was higher than expected in the majority of the studies. Patients with PD are at increased risk of developing... In relationship between the affective disorders and Parkinson’s disease (PD) it was found that comorbidity was higher than expected in the majority of the studies. Patients with PD are at increased risk of developing depression and, conversely, recent studies have shown that patients with depressive disorders have increased risk of incident PD. However, the temporal associations between the disorders are not fully elucidated. From this review it could be learned that the temporal aspects strongly suggest that a neurobiological association exists between affective disorder and PD. This is illustrated with hitherto unpublished data. Some of these issues may be investigated in case register studies, e.g. by linkage of registers of somatic and psychiatric illness, and suggestions for future research are given. For GP’s, psychiatrists, geriatricians, and neurologists these new findings will lead to a better understanding and better treatment for patients with complicated comorbid conditions. Here timing is important! 展开更多
关键词 Parkinson’s Disease affective Disorder DEPREssION MANIA Temporal Relations
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Lies,con Jobs Affect China's E-commerce
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《China Textile》 2011年第1期13-13,共1页
As China’s CPI is soaring almost in all walks of life in the past months, more and more people began to adopt online transanctions to save household expense, especially the Spring Festival holiday is approaching,
关键词 than more Lies con Jobs affect China’s E-commerce CNNIC CPI
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Father’s John Hancock
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作者 石继忠 《中学英语园地(八九年级适用)》 2007年第1期18-18,共1页
关键词 s John Hancock father
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A Study of Zhang Peiji ' s English Version of The Sight of Father's Back
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作者 曾凡梅 《海外英语》 2018年第1期188-189,共2页
Mr.zhang peiji, a translator of The Sight of Father's Back, is a famous modern Chinese translation theorist and translator.He has made a great contribution to both translation theory and translation practice. His ... Mr.zhang peiji, a translator of The Sight of Father's Back, is a famous modern Chinese translation theorist and translator.He has made a great contribution to both translation theory and translation practice. His translation practice includes fictions, dramas, biography and essays. This paper is an attempt to make a study of Zhang Peiji's English version of The Sight of Father's Back. 展开更多
关键词 Zhang Peiji The sight of fathers Back TRANsLATION
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Effective Face-to-faceTutorials of Online English Learning Lie in Interaction of Affective Domain and Higher Levels of Cognitive Domain of Bloom's Taxonomy
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作者 Jiali Ding 《Sino-US English Teaching》 2004年第2期39-50,共12页
Online English learning as an outcome of the rapid development of the Internet has got a wider and wider market in China. However, problems of varieties have also occurred along its way. People never stop thinking of ... Online English learning as an outcome of the rapid development of the Internet has got a wider and wider market in China. However, problems of varieties have also occurred along its way. People never stop thinking of better strategies either in designing online course wares or tutorials to help smooth the learning process. My experience as a tutor is that interaction of affective domain and higher levels of cognitive domain of Bloom's Taxonomy plays an important role in face-to-face tutorials of online English learning. 展开更多
关键词 online English learning face-to-face tutorials Bloom's Taxonomy of educational objectives affective Domain higher levels of Cognitive Domain
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