Reform Paths of Rural Land Property Rights System in the Context of Agricultural Modernization

The reform of rural land property rights system can promote large-scale and intensive agricultural production,improve the quality of laborers,improve agricultural production efficiency,increase farmers'income,and effectively promote the development of agricultural modernization.In the context of the reform of the"separation of three powers",the rural land property rights system still has problems in terms of ownership,use rights,disposal rights,and income rights,which affect the healthy development of agricultural modernization.In this situation,it is necessary to further clarify the subject of rural land ownership,thoroughly improve the right to use rural land,vigorously improve the right to dispose of rural land,effectively protect the right to benefit from rural land,and deeply promote the reform of the rural land property rights system in order to effectively promote the development of agricultural modernization.

Contradiction between the Modernization of Agriculture and the Protection of the Interests of Farmers

Main modes of agricultural modernization in developed countries are summarized,as well as their impact on the interests of farmers. Among them,the America,Canada,Australia and other sparsely-populated countries adopt the labor force saving model based on large-scale mechanization during agricultural mechanization. Japan and other countries with many people and little land adopt the land saving model with high technology. And the Western European Countries use the intermediate model to exert the function of mechanization and technology. Interests security of farmers in rural land circulation is discussed,such as the unreasonable allocation of circulation rights,changing the land property and land use without authorization;undermining the long-term interests of farmers,and the unsolved social security problem of farmers. Interest guarantee of farmers during the process of agricultural industrialization is analyzed,pointing out that big household or leading enterprise usually occupies a favorable position in the cooperative. They use their advantages in share and management to raven the operation achievement of peasant households and to transfer risks. Due to the information asymmetry,farmers are at a weak position in the cooperation with leading enterprise. Interests protection of farmers in scale management is put forward,such as strengthening the subsidies for farmers,implementing a moderate scale management suitable for the situation of China,and establishing a fair and reasonable benefit affiliating mechanism among peasant household,cooperative and leading enterprise.

The Basic Path of Modern Agriculture with Chinese Characteristics-Industry Nurturing Agriculture

Constructing the modern agriculture with Chinese characteristics is the path and direction for solving issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers in China, the key to new village construction, the important measure for promoting overall agricultural production capacity, and the prerequisite and guarantee for coordinating urban-rural development. At present, the level of agricultural mechanization in China is promoted steadily; the science and technology are applied to agriculture extensively; the agricultural regionalization layout gradually takes shape; the agricultural industrialization management develops steadily. Be that as it may, the overall quality of farmers is low; the agricultural infrastructure is weak; the agricultural resources are limited; the inputs of agricultural science and technology are short. These hamper the development of modern agriculture. We should implement "industry nurturing agriculture"; through capital support and policy guidance, reform household registration system; connect the fragmented land into parcel; encourage the leading enterprises to develop in rural areas; establish agricultural cooperative organizations; deepen rural financial system reform; quicken the promotion and application of agricultural technology. These measures can effectively promote the development of agriculture, and realize the agricultural modernization in China.

Sustainability Evaluation of Modern Photovoltaic Agriculture Based on Interval Type-2 Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS and Least Squares Support Vector Machine Optimized by Fireworks Algorithm

Photovoltaics(PV)has been combined with many other industries,such as agriculture.But there are many problems for the sustainability of PV agriculture.Timely and accurate sustainability evaluation of modern photovoltaic agriculture is of great significance for accelerating the sustainable development of modern photovoltaic agriculture.In order to improve the timeliness and accuracy of evaluation,this paper proposes an evaluation model based on interval type-2 Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS and least squares support vector machine optimized by fireworks algorithm.Firstly,the criteria system of modern photovoltaic agriculture sustainability is constructed from three dimensions including technology sustainability,economic sustainability and social sustainability.Then,analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)methods are improved by using interval type-2 fuzzy theory,and the traditional evaluation model based on interval type-2 Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS is obtained,and the improved model is used for comprehensive evaluation.After that,the optimal parameters of least squares support vector machine(LSSVM)model are obtained by Fireworks algorithm(FWA)training,and the intelligent evaluationmodel for the sustainability of modern photovoltaic agriculture is constructed to realize fast and intelligent calculation.Finally,an empirical analysis is conducted to demonstrate the scientificity and accuracy of the proposed model.This study is conducive to the comprehensive evaluation of the sustainability of modern photovoltaic agriculture,and can provide decision-making support for more reasonable development model in the future of modern photovoltaic agriculture.

An Analysis of the Degree of Coupling and Coordination of Agricultural Modernization and New-Type Urbanization in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle

Based on the panel data(2005-2019)of cities(prefectures)in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle,we have developed an evaluation system for agricultural modernization and new-type urbanization that measures the development level of each city and applies the coupling and coordination model to calculate their coupling and combination levels.The results indicate that the level of comprehensive order parameters of agricultural modernization in various cities(prefectures)in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle generally displays an upward trend.The areas with high-degree agricultural modernization were mainly distributed in Chengdu from 2005 to 2010,and the center of agricultural modernization was shifted to western areas after 2010,with a stable upward trend in the level of comprehensive order parameters of new-type urbanization.In terms of coupling degree,there was an overall upward trend.Except for Nanchong and Dazhou,other cities(prefectures)progressed from“Undeveloped Coordination”to“Intermediate Coordination.”The imbalanced development of agricultural modernization and new-type urbanization continually improved,with the combination level increasing from“Low-Low”to“Medium-Medium.”

The Collaborative Relationship among Industrialization,Urbanization,Informatization and Agricultural Modernization and the Path of Synchronous Development in China: An Analysis Based on the Data during 1978-2011

The synchronous development of industrialization,urbanization,agricultural modernization and informatization is the basic trend and future requirements of China's economic and social development. By using the relevant data of 1978- 2011,and establishing the VAR model,we find that in the short term,industrialization is the Granger cause of urbanization; urbanization is the Granger cause of industrialization,informatization,and agricultural modernization; agricultural modernization is the Granger cause of industrialization,informatization and urbanization; informatization is the Granger reason of industrialization,urbanization and agricultural modernization. In the long run,there are long-term and stable relations among them,and at the same time,their changes affect the structure of each other,and there are pulling effect among them.

The Discussion on the Interaction and Integration of Modern Agriculture and Rural Tourism Sustainable Development

The thesis summarizes the connotation of rural tourism and divides it into six types,including rural sight-seeing,rural body-building activity,rural folk culture,rural experience of farm work,rural business affairs,and study and development.It outlines the theory of sustainable development of rural tourism and points out that what sustainable development of tourism concerns is the coordination of ecology,economy,and society centering on human and nature.On the basis of introducing the connotation of modern agriculture,it divides modern agriculture into six types,including sightseeing agriculture,leisure agriculture,green agriculture,characteristic agriculture,factory agriculture,and three-dimensional agriculture.And by concluding,it obtains the combination model of modern agriculture and rural tourism.Based on the introduction of the above related theories,the thesis discusses the interaction and integration model of the sustainable development of modern agriculture and rural tourism.It emphatically analyzes the integration model of modern agriculture and rural tourism,including pastoral agriculture tourism model(sightseeing village,leisure farm,citizen farm),and science education tourism model(agricultural science and technology education base,tourism and leisure education agricultural park,children's,agricultural education base,agricultural exposition).Based on the interaction and integration relationship between modern agriculture and rural tourism,the thesis puts forward corresponding countermeasures so as to promote their positive development and realize the maximum of ecological,social and economic benefits.

The Realization Path of Japan's Agricultural Modernization and Its Precious Experience for China

In Japan, the per capita arable land area is small, the natural resources are short, and agricultural production has the typical characteristics of the peasant economy. Even if there are many unfavorable conditions, the level of agricultural modernization of Japan has exceeded that of many developed countries. We conduct comparative analysis on the development characteristics of China's agriculture and Japan's agriculture, and summarize the realization path of Japan's agricultural modernization. Based on the reality of China, we can draw on the following experience from Japan: establishing and improving the agricultural legislation for agriculture; improving the rural cooperative economic organizations; deepening the reform of the agricultural land property right system; increasing the government's direct funds input of into agriculture; improving the agricultural technology extension system.

New Approach for China's Agricultural Modernization Practice from the Perspective of Multiplex Function

This paper analyzes the multiplex composite function of agriculture comprehensively as follows.The first is political function:it can ensure the national food security;the second is economic function:it can promote agricultural competitiveness and increase farmers' income;the third is social function:it can promote the construction of new socialist village;the fourth is ecological function:it can conserve the resources environment and guarantee sustainable development of agriculture.In terms of reference of international theory and the main innovative experience of domestic agricultural modernization practice,this paper points out the new approach for agricultural modernization practice in China,and puts forward institutional guarantee based on agricultural multiplex function as follows:we should gradually promote new land system taking land transfer as major content;we should establish rational transfer system of rural labour forces;we should establish virtuous circular agricultural financial credit system;we should hew to the innovation and promotion system of agricultural technology;we should establish strict the system of resources environment and ecological protection;we should establish the agricultural risk security system.

Issues concerning Farmland Transfer in the Development of China's Agricultural Modernization——Based on the Survey of Farmers in 21 Townships of Sichuan Province

Based on the actual survey of 724 rural households in 21 townships of Sichuan Province,this article analyzes the basic information,basic characteristics and problems in current China's farmland transfer.The results show that the rural land contractual management right is relatively stable;in farmland transfer market,the degree of development of farmland transfer-out market is higher than that of farmland transfer-in market;at the same time,there are many problems,such as fragmentation of rural land resources allocation,incomplete land property rights system,too powerful land security function,single land transfer pattern and unsound transfer system.Corresponding countermeasures are put forward as follows:unifying urban and rural planning,and adjusting distribution pattern of rural land in concert with the course of urbanization;improving land property rights system,so that the farmers have the land contractual management right with real right tendency;strengthening the legal construction of land transfer,regulating the land transfer process,and guiding regularized and legalized development of land transfer;promoting farmers' cognitive level,and establishing the intermediary platform to provide land transfer information,ensuring information symmetry between both sides of transfer;providing more non-agricultural jobs,establishing and improving social security system for farmers,and diluting the social security function of land.

Japan's Modern Agriculture and Its Effects on Agricultural Development of Anhui Province

This paper elaborated the current situations of Japan's modern agriculture,from fine agriculture,mechanized agriculture to intelligent agriculture. According to the experience of Japan,it came up with recommendations for the development of agriculture,including cultivating new professional farmers,further strengthening construction of rural cooperative economic organizations,enhancing agricultural technology extension and technology application,and energetically promoting standardized,branding,and characteristic local agricultural production.

Dynamic Evolvement of Agricultural System and Typical Patterns of Modern Agriculture in Coastal China:A Case of Suzhou

Based on dynamic theory of system, agriculture is a complex system composed by element, structure, function and development. Firstly, this paper analyzes their connotation and relationship, which could be simply described that in virtue of element integrating and structure optimizing, agricultural system may achieve multifunctionality to meet increasingly diverse demands. As a case study of Suzhou, it concludes that Suzhou has a LP-dependence on agricultural element, and the growth extent of agricultural productivity correlates to the ratio of agricultural labor reduc- ing rate to farmland reducing rate. Agricultural structure of Suzhou changed with time, and in the early 1980s and 2000s it was most notable. Correspondingly, agricultural function has experienced a succession process: 'production', 'production-living', and 'production-living-ecology'. At last, based on questionnaires and interviews, some new characteristics and problems of agricultural development in coastal developed region of China have been put forward. Meanwhile, some typical patterns of modern agriculture in Suzhou which adapt to system evolving are also brought up such as export-oriented agriculture, enterprises-leading agriculture, agricultural science and technology parks, characteristic and stereoscopic agriculture, tourism and sightseeing agriculture.

A Study of Agricultural Technology Extension and Synchronous Development of Agricultural Modernization,Urbanization and Industrialization in China

Through the study of relationship between agricultural technology extension and the development of agricultural modernization,urbanization and industrialization,it is found that agricultural technology extension is an important means to achieve synchronous development of agricultural modernization,urbanization and industrialization. Based on the sample data in China during 1978-2011,we perform the empirical analysis using VAR model and cointegration analysis and impulse response methods. The results show that there is a long-term positive equilibrium relationship between agricultural technology extension and the development of agricultural modernization,urbanization and industrialization,and agricultural technology extension plays a role in promoting agricultural modernization,urbanization and industrialization to varying degrees. Finally,it is concluded that there is a need to establish efficient agricultural technology extension mechanism and diversified agricultural technology extension investment mechanism to make agricultural technology extension better promote China's agricultural modernization,urbanization and industrialization.

Problems and Countermeasures for the Development of Modern Agriculture in Henan Province,China

Current status of agricultural development in Henan Province of China is analyzed,showing that the agricultural production condition is increasingly improved;food production reaches to a new level;characteristic agriculture and green agricultural production begin to take shape;the level of agricultural mechanization is significantly improved;and the agricultural standardization and opening degree are enhanced.Problems in the development of modern agriculture in Henan Province are pointed out,such as the prominent pressure on the increase in grain production,the great risks in food safety,the tough employment situation,and the weak ecological environment.Countermeasures for developing the modern agriculture in Henan Province are put forward,including stabilizing cultivation area,optimizing structure,relying on science and technology,doing everything possible to ensure the increase in grain production,strengthening the supervision on food safety,actively exploring the employment space of modern agriculture,and protecting ecological environment by modern agriculture.

Impact of Agricultural Modernization,Economic Growth and Industrialization on the International Competitiveness of Agricultural Products:Based on the Empirical Analysis of Cointegration and VEC Model

The expanded agricultural trade deficit in recent years has caused widespread concern about the international competitiveness of Chinese agricultural products.In this paper,guided by Michael Porter's diamond model theory,based on agricultural production and trade data in China and the world from 1986 to 2011,we use principal component analysis,cointegration and vector error correction model,to perform an empirical analysis of the impact of agricultural modernization,economic growth and industrialization on the international competitiveness of Chinese agricultural products.The results show that China's agricultural modernization is slow,the demand for agricultural products caused by economic growth is increased,and excessive rural labor transfer due to industrialization leads to decline in the international competitiveness of Chinese agricultural products.China should increase its efforts to promote the modernization of agriculture and level of industry nurturing agriculture;use WTO rules to create a good international and domestic environment for the development of China's agriculture and improvement of the international competitiveness of agricultural products;give full play to the role of demand in boosting the industrial upgrading of domestic agriculture.

A Study on the Countermeasures of Modern Agricultural Development from a Perspective of E-commerce——A Case of Suzhou,China

Based on the fact that e-commerce promotes the development of modern agriculture,the paper summarizes the present situation of agri-cultural e-commerce through related materials.Taking Suzhou city as an example,the paper analyzes the features of modern agriculture.And themodern agriculture is characterized with apparent industrialization and scaled requirements,the branded and particular agriculture has more advan-tages,leisure agriculture is the very special one.In order to upgrade the degree of agricultural industrialization of Suzhou,promote the communica-tion of agricultural information and sales of products and lower the risks of agricultural production,the e-commerce countermeasures of modern agri-culture have been put forward.Firstly,strengthen the network construction of agricultural information.Secondly,carry out the agricultural e-com-merce business by B2B model.Thirdly,construct the e-commerce platform of leisure agriculture.Fourthly,construct the e-commerce platform ofmodern agriculture.Fifthly,perfect the logistics distribution network of agricultural products of Suzhou.The last point is to accelerate the e-com-merce training of farmers and the introduction of talents.

小农户与新型农业经营主体有机衔接意愿研究--以河南省林州市为例

充分发挥新型农业经营主体对小农户引领、示范和带动作用,是破解“小农困境”、促进小农户对接现代农业有效举措。基于河南省林州市444名农户微观调查数据,运用Logistic回归模型对小农户衔接对象选择意愿和持续衔接意愿的影响因素开展实证研究。研究结果表明:农户年龄、农户受教育年限、外出务工经历、农业收入占比、农产品类型、农业技术服务、农产品品牌化程度、政策宣传等变量是影响小农户衔接对象选择意愿主要因素;外出务工经历、农业技术服务、衔接内容约定方式、机械化投入、收益满意程度等变量对小农户持续衔接意愿均具有显著正向影响。为促进小农户与新型农业经营主体更加高效衔接,应尊重小农户衔接意愿,鼓励其因地制宜、因时制宜地选择衔接对象和方式;引导小农户与新型农业经营主体在衔接过程中发挥各自优势,共同发展生产,面对市场;培育新型职业农民,创造条件鼓励小农户实现自主转型发展。

Study on Balanced Development of Industrialization,Urbanization and Agricultural Modernization in Henan Province

This article expounds the connotation of balanced development of " industrialization,urbanization and agricultural modernization",and points out the problems thwarting balanced development of " industrialization,urbanization and agricultural modernization" in Henan Province as follows:the level of industrialization is not high;the general level of urbanization is low;the agricultural foundation is weak and there are many institutional barriers.The goal of balanced development of " industrialization,urbanization and agricultural modernization" in Henan Province is to take a road of industrialization and urbanization,not at the expense of agriculture and food.Based on this,the measures are put forward for balanced development of " industrialization,urbanization and agricultural modernization " in Henan Province as follows:keep to the new road of industrialization with characteristics of Henan Province,promote the development of industry and accelerate the transformation of pattern;keep to the road of new urbanization with characteristics of Henan Province,and promote the rapid change in urban development pattern;adhere to the road of agricultural modernization with characteristics of Henan Province,and promote the rapid change in pattern of agricultural development.

Comprehensive Evaluation on the Level of Agricultural Modernization in Eastern China

Based on correct understanding of the connotation and essence of agricultural modernization,according to the data in 2008 China Statistical Yearbook and the relevant literatures about eastern China,a total of 12 indices are selected to construct the evaluation index system of agricultural modernization in eastern China by combining with its social development and following the principles of systematization,comprehensiveness,representativeness,legitimacy and comparability.Then,according to the decision-making rules of modern science,3 alternatives are put forward and max compatibility degree method is used to generate the optimization solution.Result shows that agricultural modernization in eastern China can be classified into three types.The first type is Shanghai;the second type includes Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Fujian and Shandong;and the third type is Jiangxi and Anhui.The evaluation result is in accord with the actual situation of agricultural development in eastern China.Finally,since there still needs improvement in capital investment,rural education,agricultural science and technology research,peasant training,and social and organizational structure,it is pointed out that we should optimize the investment agriculture,enhance support for science and technology,perfect the mechanism of "promoting agriculture development by industry and developing the township by the city",and accelerate the development of agricultural modernization in eastern China.

Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Beijing Modern Urban Agriculture

We analyze development situations of Beijing modern urban agriculture from agricultural distribution,agricultural foundation and agricultural industrial system.Our research on challenges and opportunities of Beijing modern urban agriculture indicates that challenges include short of resources,deterioration of environment,and high production cost,and opportunities include large market space,advanced agricultural industrial experience and many other development opportunities.On the basis of these,we put forward development thought of Beijing modern urban agriculture in " the Twelfth Five Plan" period.We must improve foundation,integration and demonstration of agriculture;orient towards market and satisfy medium and high end market demands;actively cultivate and strengthen agricultural industrial level;create unique product brand;and raise added value of agricultural products.