Background:L-dopa(Levodopa)is well known for managing PD(Parkinson’s disease);however,its prolonged use caused dyskinesia(LID).Due to the varied presentation of LID,effective treatment options are scarce.Flavonoids r...Background:L-dopa(Levodopa)is well known for managing PD(Parkinson’s disease);however,its prolonged use caused dyskinesia(LID).Due to the varied presentation of LID,effective treatment options are scarce.Flavonoids reported their neuroprotective activity by ameliorating acetylcholinesterase,monoamine oxidase,and neuroinflammation.Kaempferol is anotherflavonoid bearing these potentials.Aim:To evaluate neuroprotective activity of kaempferol in dyskinetic rats.Methods:PD was developed in Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting combination of L-ascorbic acid(10µL)+6-OHDA(12µg)in medial forebrain bundle to induce neuronal damage in substantial nigra(SNr).LID was induced by administrating combination of L-dopa(20 mg/kg)+benserazide HCl(5 mg/kg)for 42 days.Rats were concomitantly treated with amantadine(40 mg/kg)or kaempferol(25,50,and 100 mg/kg,p.o.).Results:Kaempferol(50 and 100 mg/kg)markedly(p<0.05)inhibited LID-induced abnormal involuntary movements(AIMs)and alternation in motor function.Kaempferol administration considerably(p<0.05)inhibited reduced mitochondrial complex activities,serotonin and dopamine levels,Bcl-2,and Tyrosine hydroxylase protein expressions in SNr.Additionally,kaempferol considerably(p<0.05)attenuated increased cFOS,FosB,Parkin,and Pdyn mRNAs expressions,Bax,cleaved caspase-3,caspase-3,and pJNK proteins levels;DOPAC and 5-HIAA levels in SNr.A positive correlation was reported between cFOS,FosB,Parkin,Pdyn,apoptosis,and TH with AIMs.Conclusion:Kaempferol effectively attenuated L-dopa-induced AIMs and dyskinesia via amelioration of alterations in cFOS,FosB,Parkin,Pdyn,Tyrosine hydroxylase,and apoptosis in the brain SNr.展开更多
Sources of dispersions that contribute to delivery error and reduce the soldier performance in terms of hit probability are numerous.In order to improve the warfighter performance,the source of the errors contributing...Sources of dispersions that contribute to delivery error and reduce the soldier performance in terms of hit probability are numerous.In order to improve the warfighter performance,the source of the errors contributing to the inaccuracy and dispersion of the weapon systems must be understood.They include ammunition dispersion error,gun dispersion,aerodynamic jump and the aiming error.The aiming error or gun pointing error is defined as the angle between the gun muzzle at the instant the trigger is pulled and the line of fire that corresponds to the intendent aim point.This is a round-to-round error.In weapons systems that include the rifle,the ammunition,a sight and a gunner,the aiming error was shown to be the single most important source of dispersion for the regular infantryman.In other words,for the general purpose rifle weapon system,the weak link is often the human.In order to verify and quantify this assertion,an experimental investigation was carried out to determine the aiming error associated with general purpose rifle fired by infantryman.The aiming error was evaluated for various firing positions and scenarios using infantryman for ranges varying between 100 m and 500 m.The results show that the aiming error is the main contributor to dispersion for the general purpose rifle fired by a non-specialized infantryman.The aiming error induced dispersion for unstressed and rested gunners is shown to be at best equivalent to that of the weapon fired from a bench rest by a marksman.Crown Copyright(?) 2019 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of China Ordnance Society.展开更多
Using Au6 cluster and cyclooctaglycine model for gold nanoparticle(AuNP) and cyclic peptide(CP), twelve configurations for the functionalization of cyclic peptide-gold nanoparticle(CPAuNP) with gemcitabine(GEM) antica...Using Au6 cluster and cyclooctaglycine model for gold nanoparticle(AuNP) and cyclic peptide(CP), twelve configurations for the functionalization of cyclic peptide-gold nanoparticle(CPAuNP) with gemcitabine(GEM) anticancer drug were investigated(CPAuNP/GEM1-12). Structural and electronic properties have been studied in gas phase and aqueous solution at M06-2 X/6-31 g(d,p). The energetic stability of CPAuNP/GEM1-12 was confirmed by the calculation of binding energies. Since the solubility of drug, CP and AuNP increases in CPAuNP/GEM1-12, cyclic peptide-gold nanoparticle could be used as an appropriate drug delivery system. Quantum molecular descriptors such as electrophilicity power and global hardness demonstrated that the reactivity of CP and GEM drug increases in CPAuNP/GEM1-12 configurations. The AIM analysis for CPAuNP/GEM1-12 indicated that the Au-L(L = H, O, F, C, N) interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonds play important roles in this drug delivery system. All Au-Au and some of Au-L interactions are related to medium interactions. The most stable configurations are those in which GEM drug is parallel to the CPAuNP and interacts simultaneously with AuNP and CP.展开更多
At present,global industrial structure adjustment accelerates,infrastructure construction is still booming,and developing countries are vigorously promoting the industrialization and urbanization,all providing great o...At present,global industrial structure adjustment accelerates,infrastructure construction is still booming,and developing countries are vigorously promoting the industrialization and urbanization,all providing great opportunities for international cooperation on capacity and equipment manufacturing.In May 2015,the'Guiding Opinions of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China on Promoting展开更多
Unmanned weapons have great potential to be widely used in future wars.The gaze-based aiming technology can be applied to control pan-tilt weapon systems remotely with high precision and efficiency.Gaze direction is r...Unmanned weapons have great potential to be widely used in future wars.The gaze-based aiming technology can be applied to control pan-tilt weapon systems remotely with high precision and efficiency.Gaze direction is related to head motion,which is a combination of head and eye movements.In this paper,a head motion detection method is proposed,which is based on the fusion of inertial and vision information.The inertial sensors can measure rotation in high-frequency with good performance,while vision sensors are able to eliminate drifts.By combining the characteristics of both sensors,the proposed approach achieves the effect of highfrequency,real-time,and drift-free head motion detection.The experiments show that our method can smooth the outputs,constrain drifts of inertial measurements,and achieve high detection accuracy.展开更多
In the course of using precise visual instrument, aiming precision is an important parameter to analyze the measurement error. Usually, instrument calibrated error is set down as measurement error. In the paper, the p...In the course of using precise visual instrument, aiming precision is an important parameter to analyze the measurement error. Usually, instrument calibrated error is set down as measurement error. In the paper, the precision theory of TC2003 theodolite is analyzed and some aiming experiments is done for different width line. Then, the relations between the width of line and aiming precision are shown by different aiming methods of two superposition solid lines and one line clipped by double lines. Finally, an effective method to improve aiming precision is proposed which adopts the aiming method of one line clipped by double lines.展开更多
文摘Background:L-dopa(Levodopa)is well known for managing PD(Parkinson’s disease);however,its prolonged use caused dyskinesia(LID).Due to the varied presentation of LID,effective treatment options are scarce.Flavonoids reported their neuroprotective activity by ameliorating acetylcholinesterase,monoamine oxidase,and neuroinflammation.Kaempferol is anotherflavonoid bearing these potentials.Aim:To evaluate neuroprotective activity of kaempferol in dyskinetic rats.Methods:PD was developed in Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting combination of L-ascorbic acid(10µL)+6-OHDA(12µg)in medial forebrain bundle to induce neuronal damage in substantial nigra(SNr).LID was induced by administrating combination of L-dopa(20 mg/kg)+benserazide HCl(5 mg/kg)for 42 days.Rats were concomitantly treated with amantadine(40 mg/kg)or kaempferol(25,50,and 100 mg/kg,p.o.).Results:Kaempferol(50 and 100 mg/kg)markedly(p<0.05)inhibited LID-induced abnormal involuntary movements(AIMs)and alternation in motor function.Kaempferol administration considerably(p<0.05)inhibited reduced mitochondrial complex activities,serotonin and dopamine levels,Bcl-2,and Tyrosine hydroxylase protein expressions in SNr.Additionally,kaempferol considerably(p<0.05)attenuated increased cFOS,FosB,Parkin,and Pdyn mRNAs expressions,Bax,cleaved caspase-3,caspase-3,and pJNK proteins levels;DOPAC and 5-HIAA levels in SNr.A positive correlation was reported between cFOS,FosB,Parkin,Pdyn,apoptosis,and TH with AIMs.Conclusion:Kaempferol effectively attenuated L-dopa-induced AIMs and dyskinesia via amelioration of alterations in cFOS,FosB,Parkin,Pdyn,Tyrosine hydroxylase,and apoptosis in the brain SNr.
文摘Sources of dispersions that contribute to delivery error and reduce the soldier performance in terms of hit probability are numerous.In order to improve the warfighter performance,the source of the errors contributing to the inaccuracy and dispersion of the weapon systems must be understood.They include ammunition dispersion error,gun dispersion,aerodynamic jump and the aiming error.The aiming error or gun pointing error is defined as the angle between the gun muzzle at the instant the trigger is pulled and the line of fire that corresponds to the intendent aim point.This is a round-to-round error.In weapons systems that include the rifle,the ammunition,a sight and a gunner,the aiming error was shown to be the single most important source of dispersion for the regular infantryman.In other words,for the general purpose rifle weapon system,the weak link is often the human.In order to verify and quantify this assertion,an experimental investigation was carried out to determine the aiming error associated with general purpose rifle fired by infantryman.The aiming error was evaluated for various firing positions and scenarios using infantryman for ranges varying between 100 m and 500 m.The results show that the aiming error is the main contributor to dispersion for the general purpose rifle fired by a non-specialized infantryman.The aiming error induced dispersion for unstressed and rested gunners is shown to be at best equivalent to that of the weapon fired from a bench rest by a marksman.Crown Copyright(?) 2019 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of China Ordnance Society.
文摘Using Au6 cluster and cyclooctaglycine model for gold nanoparticle(AuNP) and cyclic peptide(CP), twelve configurations for the functionalization of cyclic peptide-gold nanoparticle(CPAuNP) with gemcitabine(GEM) anticancer drug were investigated(CPAuNP/GEM1-12). Structural and electronic properties have been studied in gas phase and aqueous solution at M06-2 X/6-31 g(d,p). The energetic stability of CPAuNP/GEM1-12 was confirmed by the calculation of binding energies. Since the solubility of drug, CP and AuNP increases in CPAuNP/GEM1-12, cyclic peptide-gold nanoparticle could be used as an appropriate drug delivery system. Quantum molecular descriptors such as electrophilicity power and global hardness demonstrated that the reactivity of CP and GEM drug increases in CPAuNP/GEM1-12 configurations. The AIM analysis for CPAuNP/GEM1-12 indicated that the Au-L(L = H, O, F, C, N) interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonds play important roles in this drug delivery system. All Au-Au and some of Au-L interactions are related to medium interactions. The most stable configurations are those in which GEM drug is parallel to the CPAuNP and interacts simultaneously with AuNP and CP.
文摘At present,global industrial structure adjustment accelerates,infrastructure construction is still booming,and developing countries are vigorously promoting the industrialization and urbanization,all providing great opportunities for international cooperation on capacity and equipment manufacturing.In May 2015,the'Guiding Opinions of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China on Promoting
基金Supported by Defense Industrial Technology Development Program(JCKY2017602C016)。
文摘Unmanned weapons have great potential to be widely used in future wars.The gaze-based aiming technology can be applied to control pan-tilt weapon systems remotely with high precision and efficiency.Gaze direction is related to head motion,which is a combination of head and eye movements.In this paper,a head motion detection method is proposed,which is based on the fusion of inertial and vision information.The inertial sensors can measure rotation in high-frequency with good performance,while vision sensors are able to eliminate drifts.By combining the characteristics of both sensors,the proposed approach achieves the effect of highfrequency,real-time,and drift-free head motion detection.The experiments show that our method can smooth the outputs,constrain drifts of inertial measurements,and achieve high detection accuracy.
文摘In the course of using precise visual instrument, aiming precision is an important parameter to analyze the measurement error. Usually, instrument calibrated error is set down as measurement error. In the paper, the precision theory of TC2003 theodolite is analyzed and some aiming experiments is done for different width line. Then, the relations between the width of line and aiming precision are shown by different aiming methods of two superposition solid lines and one line clipped by double lines. Finally, an effective method to improve aiming precision is proposed which adopts the aiming method of one line clipped by double lines.