The spatiotemporal motion characteristics of the kilowatt argon microwave plasma torch with the air carrier gas(kW-AC-ArMPT)and the behavior of the plasma filaments are investigated with a digital single-lens reflex(S...The spatiotemporal motion characteristics of the kilowatt argon microwave plasma torch with the air carrier gas(kW-AC-ArMPT)and the behavior of the plasma filaments are investigated with a digital single-lens reflex(SLR)camera and a high-speed camera.Along with the introduction of the air,both the volume of the central channel and the rotational frequency of the plasma filament are increased.Besides,the excitation temperature(Texc),rotational temperature(Trot),and density of electron number(ne)of the kW-AC-ArMPT are measured with optical diagnosis.It is clearly shown that the introduction of air contributed to the rise of Trot and ne of the plasma,which is beneficial to improving the analytical performance of the plasma.Then the detection limits of some heavy metal elements are measured by kW-AC-ArMPT,which are in the ppb range.The experimental results show that the kW-ArMPT has a high tolerance to air injection at least 1.0 L/min,which allows the direct extraction of air from the environment for analysis and therefore has the potential for online and in-situ detection of ambient air quality and industrial exhaust gases.展开更多
Air lubrication by means of a bottom cavity is a promising method for ship drag reduction. The characteristics of the bottom cavity are sensitive to the flow field around the ship hull and the effect of drag reduction...Air lubrication by means of a bottom cavity is a promising method for ship drag reduction. The characteristics of the bottom cavity are sensitive to the flow field around the ship hull and the effect of drag reduction, especially the depth of the bottom cavity. In this study, a ship model experiment of a bulk carrier is conducted in a towing tank using the method of air layer drag reduction (ALDR) with different bottom cavity depths. The shape of the air layer is observed, and the changes in resistance are measured. The model experiments produce results of approximately 20% for the total drag reduction at the ship design speed for a 25-mm cavity continuously supplied with air at Cq = 0.224 in calm water, and the air layer covers the whole cavity when the air flow rate is suitable. In a regular head wave, the air layer is easily broken and reduces the drag reduction rate in short waves, particularly when λ/Lw1 is close to one;however, it still has a good drag reduction effect in the long waves.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62073287)the Fund of Science and Technology Program of Huzhou,China(No.2021KT50).
文摘The spatiotemporal motion characteristics of the kilowatt argon microwave plasma torch with the air carrier gas(kW-AC-ArMPT)and the behavior of the plasma filaments are investigated with a digital single-lens reflex(SLR)camera and a high-speed camera.Along with the introduction of the air,both the volume of the central channel and the rotational frequency of the plasma filament are increased.Besides,the excitation temperature(Texc),rotational temperature(Trot),and density of electron number(ne)of the kW-AC-ArMPT are measured with optical diagnosis.It is clearly shown that the introduction of air contributed to the rise of Trot and ne of the plasma,which is beneficial to improving the analytical performance of the plasma.Then the detection limits of some heavy metal elements are measured by kW-AC-ArMPT,which are in the ppb range.The experimental results show that the kW-ArMPT has a high tolerance to air injection at least 1.0 L/min,which allows the direct extraction of air from the environment for analysis and therefore has the potential for online and in-situ detection of ambient air quality and industrial exhaust gases.
基金supported by the Ministry of Industry and High Technology Marine Scientific Research Projects(Grant No.2011530)the High Performance Marine Technology Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Open Foundation(Grant No.2013033102)
文摘Air lubrication by means of a bottom cavity is a promising method for ship drag reduction. The characteristics of the bottom cavity are sensitive to the flow field around the ship hull and the effect of drag reduction, especially the depth of the bottom cavity. In this study, a ship model experiment of a bulk carrier is conducted in a towing tank using the method of air layer drag reduction (ALDR) with different bottom cavity depths. The shape of the air layer is observed, and the changes in resistance are measured. The model experiments produce results of approximately 20% for the total drag reduction at the ship design speed for a 25-mm cavity continuously supplied with air at Cq = 0.224 in calm water, and the air layer covers the whole cavity when the air flow rate is suitable. In a regular head wave, the air layer is easily broken and reduces the drag reduction rate in short waves, particularly when λ/Lw1 is close to one;however, it still has a good drag reduction effect in the long waves.
