Simulation study of plane motion of air cushion vehicle

This research is on horizontal plane motion equations of Air Cushion Vehicle (ACV) and its simulation. To investigate this, a lot of simulation study including ACV's voyage and turning performance has been done. It was found that the voyage simulation results were accorded with ACV own characteristic and turning simulation results were accorded with USA ACV's movement characteristic basically.

Air cushion furnace technology for heat treatment of high quality aluminum alloy auto body sheet

The process characteristics of heat treatment of aluminum alloy auto body sheet and the working principle of air cushion furnace were introduced.The process position and irreplaceable role of air cushion furnace in the aluminum alloy auto body sheet production was pointed out after the difficulty and key points in the whole production process of auto body sheet were studied.Then the development process of air cushion furnace line of aluminum alloy sheet was reviewed,summarized and divided to two stages.Based on the research of air cushion furnace,the key technology of it was analyzed,then the key points on process,equipment and control models of air cushion furnace for aluminum alloy auto body sheet in future were put forward.With the rapid development of automotive industry,there will be certainly a new upsurge of research and application of air cushion furnace for heat treatment of aluminum alloy auto body sheet.

Four-Degree-of-Freedom Course Stability of an Air Cushion Vehicle

A four-degree-of-freedom mathematical model was established to investigate the course stability of an air cushion vehicle (ACV). The forces of aerodynamic,propeller and rudder were obtained by wind tunnel experiments. A series of constrained model experiments with horizontal-planar-motion-mechanism (HPMM) were conducted to determine the hydrodynamics. The ACV's course stability was analyzed by using Hurwitz deter-mination method with differential equation of perturbation,and the four-degree-of-freedom course stability was then checked by simulated calculation. The analysis and simulation results show that the course stability of fourdegree-of-freedom is applicable to ACV and is stricter than that of two-degree-of-freedom.

Experimental research on air film formation behavior of air cushion belt conveyor with stable load

In this paper, the air film formation behavior of air cushion belt conveyor with stable load is studied. The air cushion field is analyzed by means of theoretical derivation, numerical simulation and experimental research. An intelligent experiment platform is developed. Three dimensional pressure distribution of air film and the air film thickness distribution along the conveyor belt in the width direction are obtained. The experimental result is analyzed by comparing with theoretical calculation and numerical simulation. The numerical and theoretical results are in good agreement with those obtained from experiments. The air film formation behavior pattern of air cushion belt conveyor with stable load is presented. The optimized film thickness and pore distribution are obtained based on the comprehensive energy consumption. This study provides a basis for the optimization design of air cushion belt conveyor.

A Study of Maneuvering Control for an Air Cushion Vehicle Based on Back Propagation Neural Network

A back propagation (BP) neural network mathematical model was established to investigate the maneuvering control of an air cushion vehicle (ACV). The calculation was based on four-freedom-degree model experiments of hydrodynamics and aerodynamics. It is necessary for the ACV to control the velocity and the yaw rate as well as the velocity angle at the same time. The yaw rate and the velocity angle must be controlled correspondingly because of the whipping, which is a special characteristic for the ACV. The calculation results show that it is an effcient way for the ACV’s maneuvering control by using a BP neural network to adjust PID parameters online.

Optimization and Aerodynamic Characteristics of New Air-Cushion Nozzle of Floating Furnace for Automobile Body Sheet

It is very important to develop new air-cushion nozzles so as to raise the heat treatment property of aluminum alloy automobile body sheet(ABS). A geometric model of air-cushion furnace equipment of ABS was built up and flow field was simulated by using k-ε turbulence equations of COMSOL Multi-physics. The influence and regularity of number(n),diameter(d) and arrangement of middle hole,and main control parameters of new air-cushion nozzle on aerodynamic characteristics and flow field were studied. The results show that:1) with n increases,airflow vortexes in air-cushion area increase in multiple; d decreases or n increases,air cushion pressure(p_c) becomes uniform; 2) average of p_c is proportional to pressure in nozzle box(p_t),when n increases,ratio of average of p_c to p_t increases,and when n ≤ 3 and d < b / 2,they have little effect on ratio of p_c average to p_t; 3) when n is an even number,n ≥4,and d ≤ b/2,p_c shows good uniformity; when n is an odd number,the center hole affects p_c uniformity greatly,and,when diameter of center hole is less than b / 4 and diameter of non-center is between b / 4 and b / 2,p_c has good uniformity. A new air-cushion jet model was presented,and the deviation of this new model with simulation data and experimental measured data are less than 7.75% and 7.76%,respectively. The present research is valuable for improving air-cushion stability,Al strip temperature homogeneity,and temperature control precision.

Research of air-cushion isolation effects on high arch dam reservoir

A three-dimensional （3D） finite element model of air-cushion isolated arch dam is presented with the nonlinear gas-liquid-solid multi-field dynamic coupling effect taken into account.In this model,the displacement formulation in Lagrange method,pressure formulation in Euler method,nonlinear contact model based on Coulomb friction law are applied to the air-cushion,reservoir and contraction joint domain,respectively.The dynamic response of Jinping I arch dam with a height of 305 m is analyzed using the seismic records of the Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008.Numerical results show that the air-cushion isolation reduces significantly the hydrodynamic pressure as well as the opening width for the contraction joints of high arch dam.

Sea Keeping Analysis of Air Cushion Vehicle with Different Wave Angles under the Operation Resistance

The air cushion vehicle (ACV) sea keeping characteristic under different wave directions with the operation resistance is discussed with the couples of the heave, pitch roll motion and the pressure of the cushion. In previous researches, only wave and cross wave direction were discussed. Then a Matlab program is made to calculate the united frequency responses of heave, pitch and roll amplitude of the craft, under different wave frequencies and different wave directions. The results of the research depict some dangerous situations under which the sympathetic vibration happens in heave, pitch and roll motion and the amplitudes are extremely higher than those under the ordinary conditions. These results will be helpful in ACV design and operation.

预压缩气垫包装系统静力及动力学特性研究

目的以柱形气垫包装系统为研究对象,建立静力及动力学模型,对静态压缩、自由振动和基础激励受迫振动特性进行研究。方法建立气柱压缩力数学模型,并通过试验、仿真验证模型,通过建立预压缩柱形气垫包装系统力学模型,研究静力及动力学特性。结果预压缩量和充气压力越大,包装系统固有频率越高。在包装对象宽度定值约束下,选取多个小直径气柱,固有频率更高,且薄膜应力更小。在基础激励下,包装系统固有频率处存在共振峰值,对高频域气垫表现出了较好的减振特性。结论所建立的静力压缩模型与试验、仿真结果较吻合,所建立的动力学模型合理,结果准确。

2021年11月7—9日辽宁省极端雨雪天气分析

选用常规气象观测资料、人工加密观测资料和NCEP/NCAR格点资料,对2021年11月7—9日辽宁省极端雨雪天气进行诊断分析。结果表明:东北冷涡和地面气旋为此次极端雨雪天气的主要影响系统,对流层中低层辐合、高层辐散以及强的冷暖气流交汇,是产生极端雨雪天气的主要原因;高低空急流耦合和高空辐散抽吸作用,配合东北冷涡动力抬升作用,暖湿低空急流沿冷垫爬升,进一步加强了上升运动。暖湿急流为此次极端雨雪天气提供了充沛的水汽条件,暖湿急流的增强对应水汽辐合作用增强,配合低层冷垫和东北冷涡的动力抬升作用,对降雪有明显增幅作用;地面辐合线沿地形分布,触发了此次极端强降雪天气。地形阻挡导致地面冷空气堆积形成冷垫,是极端降雪天气发生的重要原因。温度层结差异是鞍山、岫岩雨雪相态差异的主要原因。具有冻结层特征的低层冷垫,为鞍山极端暴雪提供了有利的温度层结条件;融化层厚度和地面温度是岫岩出现冻雨的关键因素。

几何形状对气垫升力的影响研究

One of the crucial and challenging issues for researchers is presenting an appropriate approach to evaluate the aerodynamic characteristics of air cushion vehicles(ACVs)in terms of system design parameters.One of these issues includes introducing a suitable approach to analyze the effect of geometric shapes on the aerodynamic characteristics of ACVs.The main novelty of this paper lies in presenting an innovative method to study the geometric shape effect on air cushion lift force,which has not been investigated thus far.Moreover,this paper introduces a new approximate mathematical formula for calculating the air cushion lift force in terms of parameters,including the air gap,lateral gaps,air inlet velocity,and scaling factor for the first time.Thus,we calculate the aerodynamic lift force applied to nine different shapes of the air cushions used in the ACVs in the present paper through the ANSYS Fluent software.The geometrical shapes studied in this paper are rectangular,square,equilateral triangle,circular,elliptic shapes,and four other combined shapes,including circle-rectangle,circle-square,hexagonal,and fillet square.Results showed that the cushion with a circular pattern produces the highest lift force among other geometric shapes with the same conditions.The increase in the cushion lift force can be attributed to the fillet with a square shape and its increasing radius compared with the square shape.

智能化气垫带式输送机性能测试平台设计

该文设计了一种智能化气垫带式输送机性能测试平台,通过调节气室入口的风压、风速,气孔排布方式、孔径及孔间距,可探究气室气压、气膜边缘风速及气膜厚度的变化规律。平台基于可控文丘里装置的反馈系统控制气垫带式输送机的气流,实验平台可以反映输入气流参数与形成气膜参数之间的耦合关系,将抽象的相关知识具象化,加深学生对气垫式输送装备的理解。

气垫带式输送机供气方式改进

气垫带式输送机因为将传统滚动摩擦替换为空气摩擦,所以总功率应该小于普通带式输送机,然而实际中功率消耗并不小。存在原因有供风方式不合适,造成很大的能量损耗,甚至出现空载飘带现象。通过改变供风方式,可以合理控制风压和风量,使输送带能够平稳支撑并运行。在保证气室大小及形状及总流量不变,只改变入口数量的情况下,通过ANSYS分析不同供气情况下气膜的压力分布情况,结果显示分流后气膜压力显著增大。

基于固-气-液耦合的气垫船水下辐射噪声数值分析

气垫船水下声辐射是复杂的船体结构-气垫-周围水体三类介质声振耦合过程,其声传递特性是气垫船声学分析中的难点。本文以某全垫升气垫船为研究对象,结合声固耦合有限元法与解析法,探究气垫船水下辐射噪声传递特性。通过建立固-气-液声固耦合有限元模型,计算机械激励与垫升风机声激励,并以试验固有频率修正数值模型;通过声透射解析公式计算空气螺旋桨、燃气轮机等设备声激励辐射的水下噪声。采用距离左、右舷1 m处线上各点的总声压级作为评价指标。结果表明:气垫船水下辐射噪声为宽带噪声;有限元法计算的水下辐射噪声在低频时集中分布于气垫-周围水体耦合面附近,随着频率的升高,水下噪声增大并逐渐呈不规则干涉状分布;空气螺旋桨等声激励直接辐射水下噪声主要为近场低频噪声,在设备声激励辐射范围内声压平均占比约为40%。本文揭示的水下辐射噪声传递特性对气垫船减振降噪具有重要指导意义。

可调节俯卧位通气支架式头部气垫在重度ARDS患者中的应用

目的设计研制一种符合急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者俯卧位通气要求的支架式头部气垫,并于临床验证其应用效果。方法自行研制可调节俯卧位通气支架式头部气垫(简称头部气垫,专利号为ZL 201720526984.6)。以重症医学科收治的行俯卧位通气治疗的32例重症ARDS患者为研究对象。其中2017—2018年收治的14例患者为对照组,采用传统软枕安置进行俯卧位通气;2019—2020年收治的18例患者为观察组,采用头部气垫安置进行俯卧位通气。观察2组俯卧位通气相关并发症发生率、体位安置时间和俯卧位通气持续时间。结果2组人工气道非计划性拔管发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组人工气道非计划性阻塞、面部压力性损伤发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),体位安置时间短于对照组(P<0.05),俯卧位通气持续时间长于对照组(P<0.05)。结论采用自行研制的头部气垫,可以缩短患者体位安置时间,延长俯卧位通气持续时间,降低俯卧位相关并发症的发生率,适合ARDS患者俯卧位通气时使用。

极地气垫破冰船发动机余热利用数值研究

为了有效利用极地气垫破冰船的发动机余热,需要研究相应的数值模拟方法。本文基于计算流体力学方法及混合物多相流模型,对包括舱室和垫升风机在内的内外部流场,进行与热交换相关的流场和温度场数值模拟。结果表明,加热对于改善垫升风机的推进效率有利,可使舱室平均温度上升41.13℃,垫升风机内平均温度上升34.16℃,对于极地气垫破冰船舱室及垫升风机内平均气温的提升有显著效果。混合物多相流模型用于数值求解此类热交换问题的有效性得到了验证。

武装直升机掩护气垫登陆艇突击上陆方法研究

针对气垫登陆艇突击上陆过程中可能面临的威胁,提出了武装直升机对气垫登陆艇的区域掩护和伴随掩护法。在区域掩护中,建立了掩护区范围计算模型,给出了武装直升机区域掩护方法;在伴随掩护中,建立了敌导弹艇对气垫登陆艇的威胁角确定模型。基于该模型,结合武装直升机的装备性能,给出了武装直升机对气垫登陆艇掩护的前出距离优化模型。结合仿真计算,给出了武装直升机对气垫登陆艇的配置和掩护方法,为气垫登陆艇突击上陆过程合理运用武装直升机掩护提供了理论指导。

气垫调压室联合单向塔的停泵水锤防护研究

针对某长距离、大流量、高扬程泵站加压供水工程,对事故停泵进行模拟。结合工程地形特征,提出采用气垫调压室和单向塔联合防护的方法,并结合管道压力控制要求,对泵后阀门关闭规律及调压室阻抗孔径进行敏感性分析。结果表明,气垫调压室可有效防护停泵水锤及泵后阀快速关闭产生的关阀水锤,单向塔解决了气垫调压室持续补水导致的局部高点低压问题,保护了高点管段安全。联合防护方案可显著减小气垫调压室体积,节约工程成本。另外,泵后阀关闭规律及气垫调压室阻抗孔面积对管道的水锤压力影响较大,关阀过快或阻抗孔口面积过大会导致管道正压超标;关阀过慢或阻抗孔口面积过小会导致管道出现较大负压,具体工程需结合过渡过程模拟进行优化,对于本工程,经过模拟优化,阻抗孔口直径取0.8 m,泵后阀采用5 s直线关闭,结果可满足调保计算要求。

气垫船在内压作用下的水下辐射声功率分析

[目的]旨在研究气垫内压对气垫船水下辐射噪声的影响规律。[方法]以某气垫船为研究对象,首先,根据Newton–Raphson迭代法模拟气垫内压下围裙的成形过程;然后,基于声-固耦合有限元法建立气垫船围裙-气垫-周围水域的耦合模型,并采用模态试验对数值模型予以修正;最后,分析围裙所受压力和气垫压陷深度对气垫船水下辐射声功率的影响。[结果]研究表明:水下辐射噪声与气垫内压呈正相关,气垫内压每增加1 000 Pa,其水下辐射的总声功率级增加约0.97 dB;增大气垫船围裙刚度可有效降低气垫船低频段水下辐射声功率,增大气垫压陷深度则会增大较高频段的声功率级峰值,且使峰值位置向低频偏移。[结论]研究揭示了气垫内压对气垫船水下辐射声功率的影响规律,对气垫船水下辐射噪声的评估与数值预报具有重要指导意义。