Effectiveness of the flipped classroom on the development of self-directed learning in nursing education:a meta-analysis

Objectives: To examine the best practice evidence of the effectiveness of the flipped classroom（FC） as a burgeoning teaching model on the development of self-directed learning in nursing education.Data sources: The relevant randomized controlled trial（RCT） and non-RCT comparative studies were searched from multiple electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature（CINAHL）, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials（CENTRAL）, Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）, and Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database（VIP） from inception to June 2017.Review methods: The data were independently assessed and extracted for eligibility by two reviewers. The quality of included studies was assessed by another two reviewers using a standardized form and evaluated by using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool. The self-directed learning scores（continuous outcomes） were analyzed by using the 95% confidence intervals（Cls） with the standard deviation average（SMD） or weighted mean difference（WMD）. The heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s I;statistic.Results: A total of 12 studies, which encompassed 1440 nursing students（intervention group = 685, control group = 755）, were eligible for inclusion in this review. Of 12 included studies, the quality level of one included study was A and of the others was B. The pooled effect size showed that compared with traditional teaching models, the FC could improve nursing students’ selfdirected learning skill, as measured by the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale（SDLRS）, Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale for Nursing Education（SDLRSNE）, Self-Regulated Learning Scale（SRL）, Autonomous Learning Competencies scale（ALC）, and Competencies of Autonomous Learning of Nursing Students（CALNS）. Overall scores and subgroup analyses with the SRL were all in favor of the FC.Conclusions: The result of this meta-analysis indicated that FCs could improve the effect of self-directed learning in nursing education.Future studies with more RCTs using the same measurement tools are needed to draw more authoritative conclusions.

Influence of immobilization and sensory re-education on the sensory recovery after reconstruction of digital nerves with direct suture or muscle-in-vein conduits

The influence of duration of immobilization and postoperative sensory re-education on the final outcome after reconstruction of digital nerves with direct suture or muscle-in-vein conduits was investigated. The final sensory outcome of 35 patients with 41 digital nerve injuries, who either underwent a direct suture（DS） or a nerve reconstruction with muscle-in-vein conduits（MVC）, was assessed the earliest 12 months postoperatively using static and moving two-point discrimination as well as Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. There was no significant difference in sensory recovery in cases with an immobilization of 3–7 days versus 10 days in the DS or MVC group. Moreover, no statistically significant difference in sensory recovery was found in cases receiving postoperative sensory re-education versus those not receiving in the DS or MVC group. An early mobilization does not seem to have a negative impact on the final outcome after digital nerve reconstruction. The effect of sensory re-education after digital nerve reconstruction should be reconsidered.

世界规划教育30年的演变概览——以代表期刊为例1991-2020年的动态分析

文章基于代表期刊《规划教育与研究》(Journal of PlanningEducation and Research)30年跨度的1670篇文献及18093次引用数据,使用“引文关系”替代测度规划教育研究的发展演变概况。研究发现,规划教育群落在扩大,社会关注度随城镇化进程稳步增加,前景广阔。证实其在演变过程中与内外部学科互动日益密切,体现了跨学科、多元的特性。总结规划教育关注领域的演变,将规划教育的核心思想和关注领域归纳为4个主要群落,展示30年间规划教育64个研究方向、热点的演变。按时间维度分类,总结其研究方向的演变规律。规划教育的研究方向和热点虽潮起潮落,此起彼伏,但均与社会保持高度互动,证明规划教育从未脱离物质空间规划这一核心,协同多学科解决城市社会问题,实用性的学科本质未变,促进城市社会可持续发展的初心未变。

Research on the Development Direction and Trend of Interior Design Education under the Green Building Background

In this paper, we conduct research on the development direction and trend of interior design education under the green building background. Due to the development of the social economy and people living standard rise, the public has produced great changes to the requirement of the interior design, for interior designers professional ability is also put forward higher requirements. As the main position of interior design talent cultivation, universities of professional interior design must be according to these changes, corresponding education reform. Reform must be from the construction of curriculum system, teaching content and teaching method and so on as all aspects of interior design education to promote at the same time, in order to achieve their purpose. Our research proposes the novel paradigm for the interior design education which will enhance the current teaching mode.

DICP Symposium (I) on Catalysis: Future Directions of Catalysis Science and Technology October 16-18, 2003, Dalian, China

Introduction and Invitation DICP Symposium is a special series of interna-tional conference named after the Dalian Instituteof Chemical Physics (DICP). The DICP Symposiumwas founded with the purpose to promote the interna-tional communication and collaboration between theDICP and the international scientific community, to

Verifying the Effects of an Education Program Leveraging Information Technology to Promote Cervical Cancer Screening in Women Aged 20 - 29—A One-Year Longitudinal Study

The purpose of this research is to implement an IT-based education program in order to promote cervical cancer screenings for women aged 20 - 29 years, as well as to examine the results of said program. This is a longitudinal/comparative study of two groups, one for which the program was implemented (the intervention group), and the other for which it was not (the control group). The program consisted of attending a health lecture and encouragement to be screened one month, six months, and one year later sent through IT-based methods. The target was unmarried women aged 20 - 29 who had neither previously given birth nor had been screened for cervical cancer in a period one year prior. They were divided into two groups, the intervention group (n = 142) and control group (n = 145). The effectiveness of the program was assessed via an initial survey and further surveys six months and one year later. Results were based on the Japanese version of the Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and the Pap Smear Test (HBMSCCPST), knowledge scores in the categories of Healthy Lifestyles, Cervical Cancer, Cervical Cancer Screening, and screening behavior. A two-way ANOVA of the HBMSCCPST subscales and knowledge scores in the initial, six-month, and one-year surveys was performed, showing interaction in Cervical Cancer (p = 0.00). Main effects were observed in Cervical Cancer Screening (p = 0.00) and Healthy Lifestyles (p = 0.00). Regarding the amount of change from the initial survey, knowledge scores in the Cervical Cancer (p = 0.027) and Cervical Cancer Screening (p = 0.016) categories were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in cervical cancer screening rates (p = 0.26) between the two groups. However, a small-degree effect size was observed for Benefits, Seriousness, and Susceptibility subscales in both examinees and non-examinees. Although the educational program of this study was effective in improving the knowledge of women in their twenties, there was little improvement in HBMSCCPST and it did not lead to the promotion of cervical cancer screening. In order to raise interest in cervical cancer screening, it is necessary to consider useful content to guide women to consult with healthcare professionals, a long-term population approach, and organizational structure of consultation.

基于Wi-Fi Direct的道路交通状态信息采集方法

针对传统交通状态信息采集中采用的环形线圈车辆检测器存在布设和维护难度较大等问题,提出了一种基于Wi-Fi Direct的道路交通状态信息采集方法,以实现对基本的道路交通流状态参数进行采集估计;该方法利用车-路通讯设备实现车辆与路侧设备的通信;以车载通讯设备的Wi-Fi芯片介质访问控制层地址完成车辆个体识别;通过车载通讯设备中的北斗定位装置向路侧设备提供车辆实时位置及时间信息,进而实现道路区段内交通流基本状态信息估计;实验测试表明,该方法能够完成路段平均速度、交通流量及车流密度的采集和估计,是一种有效的道路交通信息采集方法。

Child-directed Speech and Foreigner Talk

The article reviews child-directed speech and foreigner talk respectively and comparatively. It compares the features, functions and some of the similarities as well as differences of the two registers. They should be thought of as dynamic, changing in accordance with various situational factors rather than static, fixed sets of features.

Mini-CEX联合DOPS评价在住培考核中的应用

医学教育作为终身式“精英教育”,专业性强,相关内容要突出“三性四新”。住院医师规范化培训(以下简称“住培”)作为毕业后医学教育的核心,是医学毕业生接受以提高临床能力为主的规范化、系统化的培训,目的在于培养能够独立、规范地开展本专业常见病及多发病日常诊疗工作的合格的住院医师。而基于提升岗位胜任能力的“卓越医生教育培养计划”对住培工作提出了更高的要求。在住培管理中,科学、有效的考评体系则是保证住培质量的重要条件。文章分析了迷你临床演练评估(mini-clinical evaluation exercise,Mini-CEX)联合操作技能直接观察(direct observation of procedural skills,DOPS)在右江民族医学院附属医院感染科住培考核中应用现状,就目前Mini-CEX联合DOPS在各专业基地住培考核中的应用加以总结,以期能够优化我国住培的评价体系,从而提升住培质量。

高校网络思想政治教育载体创新研究--基于“三全育人”视域

从“三全育人”体系构建的角度分析当前高校网络思想政治教育面临的新形势、新机遇和现实困难,提出高校网络思想政治教育载体创新的基本遵循原则:要从有利于坚持主流意识形态主导、有利于落实立德树人根本任务、有利于贯彻以人为本根本理念出发,用网络思维和信息技术的“新”推动教育载体建设的“新”,并从加快思想政治工作队伍的角色重塑和转型升级、信息化建设与思想政治教育的深度融合、教育载体创新的系统性与精准性结合三个方面提出教育载体创新实践探索的相关思考。

The value of health communication scholarship: New directions for health communication inquiry

1.Health communication as an important field of study The field of health communication research,education,and application has grown rapidly over the past four decades as a major transdisciplinary area of research,education,and outreach.Health communication scholarship combines expertise from the communication sciences(including the sub-fields of interpersonal,group,organizational,intercultural,family,political,strategic,and environmental communication,rhetorical studies,journalism,mass media,and computer-mediated communication inquiry),the social sciences(with disciplines such as psychology,sociology,anthropology,economics,and political science),the physical sciences(with disciplines such as biology,pharmacology,and chemistry),and with professional fields of study(including Medicine,Nursing,Pharmacy,Dentistry,Health Administration,Public Health,Public Policy,Epidemiology,and Health Informatics)to examine the powerful influences of communication on health and illness[1-5].

Enhancement of the thermostability of β-1,3-1,4-glucanase by directed evolution

In order to improve the thermostability of β- 1,3-1,4-glucanase, evolutionary molecular engineering was used to evolve the β-1,3-1,4-glucanase from Bacillus subtilis ZJF-1A5. The process involves random mutation by error-prone PCR and DNA shuffling followed by screening on the filter-based assay. Two mutants, EGsl and EGs2, were found to have four and five amino acid substitutions, respectively. These substitutions resulted in an increase in melting temperature from Tm=62.5℃ for the wild-type enzyme to Tm=65.5℃ for the mutant EGsl and 67.5℃ for the mutant EGs2. However, the two mutated enzymes had opposite approaches to produce reducing sugar from lichenin with either much higher （28%） for the former or much lower （21.6%） for the latter in comparison with their parental enzymes. The results demonstrate that directed evolution is an effective approach to improve the thermostability of a mesophilic enzyme.

Effects on coagulation factor production following primary hepatomitogen-induced direct hyperplasia

AIM： To investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in coagulation factor expression and/or function during direct hyperplasia （DH）-mediated liver regeneration. METHODS： Direct hyperplasia-mediated liver regeneration was induced in female C57BL/6 mice by administering 1,4-bisr2-（3,5-dichloropyridyloxy）] benzene （TCPOBOP）, a representative hepatomitogen. Mice were weighed and sacrificed at various time points [Day 0 （D0： prior to injection）, 3 h, D1, D2, D3, and D10] after TCPOBOP administration to obtain liver and blood samples. Using the RNA samples extracted from the liver, a comprehensive analysis was performed on the hepatic gene expression profiling of coagulation-related factors by real-time RT-PCR （fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors Ⅴ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ, Ⅻ, ⅩⅢβ , plasminogen, antithrombin, protein C, protein S, ADAMTS13, and VWF）. The corresponding plasma levels of coagulation factors （fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors Ⅴ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ, Ⅻ, ⅩⅢ, and VWF） were also analyzed and compared with their mRNA levels. RESULTS： Gavage administration of TCPOBOP （3 mg/kg body weight） resulted in a marked and gradual increase in the weight of the mouse livers relative to the total body weight to 220% by D10 relative to the DO （control） ratios. At the peak of liver regeneration （D1 and D2）, the gene expression levels for most of the coagulationrelated factors （fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors Ⅴ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ,Ⅺ, Ⅻ, ⅩⅢβ, plasminogen, antithrombin, protein C, ADAMTS13, VWF） were found to be downregulated in a time-dependent manner, and gradually recovered by D10 to the basal levels. Only mRNA levels of factor X and protein S failed to show any decrease during the regenerative phase. As for the plasma levels, 5 clotting factors （prothrombin, factors Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅺ, and Ⅻ） demonstrated a significant decrease （P 〈 0.05） during the regeneration phase compared with DO. Among these 5 factors, factor Ⅸ and factor Ⅺ showed the most dramatic decline in their activities by about 50% at D2 compared to the basal levels, and these reductions in plasma activity for both factors were consistent with our RT-PCR findings. In contrast, the plasma activities of the other coagulation factors （fibrinogen, factors Ⅴ, Ⅶ, ⅩⅢ, and VWF） were not significantly reduced, despite the reduction in the liver mRNA levels. Unlike the other factors, FX showed a temporal increase in its plasma activity, with significant increases （P 〈 0.05） detected at DI. CONCLUSION： Investigating the coagulation cascade protein profiles during liver regeneration by DH may help to better understand the basic biology of the liver under normal and pathological conditions.

La_(0.75)Sr_(0.25)Cr_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_(3)-δ−Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O_(1.9) composite electrodes as anodes in LaGaO_(3)-based direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells

Direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells(DC-SOFCs)are promising,green,and efficient power-generating devices that are fueled by solid carbons and comprise all-solid-state structures.Developing suitable anode materials for DC-SOFCs is a substantial scientific challenge.Herein we investigated the use of La_(0.75)Sr_(0.25)Cr_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_(3)-δ−Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O_(1.9)(LSCM−GDC)composite electrodes as anodes for La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)Ga_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)O_(3)-δelectrolyte-based DC-SOFCs,with Camellia oleifera shell char as the carbon fuel.The LSCM−GDC-anode DC-SOFC delivered a maximum power density of 221 mW/cm^(2) at 800℃ and it significantly improved to 425 mW/cm^(2) after Ni nanoparticles were introduced into the LSCM−GDC anode through wet impregnation.The microstructures of the prepared anodes were characterized,and the stability of the anode in a DC-SOFC and the influence of catalytic activity on open circuit voltage were studied.The above results indicate that LSCM–GDC anode is promising to be applied in DC-SOFCs.

Impact of Education on Productivity:A Model in China

Improving the quality of human resources through edu-cation and training is of great strategic significance.However, few people have done in depth and systematicstudies on the relationship between education and pro-ducttvity in China. This study developed an educationproductivity transform model and empirically tested themodel using data on the most districts of China. The ba-sic notion is that the effect depends both on the capabilityresulted from education, and on the environment inwhich this capability can be exercised, the effect is a re-sult of two factors combined.

Positive Education

In modern times,the word“positive” has been given a new shade of meaning with its significant use and benefits in different fields,sweeping across the whole world in a powerful way leaving its footprint everywhere and has clearly stricken a chord with people who yearn for a better and virtuous cycle for our life,our future and the world.And today I want to apply this“positive”in our education field.Ever since the ancient times,people have been paying a lot of attention to education and how we can achieve a truly good education system that can be approved and recognized by the greatest number of people has always been a dream many generations work arduously for.And here I want to use a metaphor to put forward this“positive education”idea.

Differential interformational velocity analysis as an effective direct hydrocarbon indicator under velocity reversal conditions,an example from the anomalously high temperature and over-pressured DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin,South China Sea

In the DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea, the velocity-depth plot and velocity spectra show significant variations from a linear trend, exhibiting a distinct reversal phenomenon. Velocity parameters derived from velocity spectral analysis of the seismic data and sonic logs indicate that the interval velocity reverses below 2,100 m (2.2 s two-way time (TWT)) in the DF1-1 Gas Field. Some direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs) models developed for the shallow strata cannot be simply applied to the moderately to deeply buried strata for direct exploration target recognition because the velocity reversal has caused the middle-deep gas reservoirs to exhibit a moderate or weak seismic amplitude. The hydrocarbon indicator method of “Differential Interformational Velocity Analysis (DIVA)” with the aid of other hydrocarbon indicating techniques was employed to effectively identify DHIs in the middle-deep strata under velocity inversion. The result has shown that the DIVA technique can be effectively used as a DHI in both the shallow and the middle-deep strata in the study area with the shallow strata characterized by Type I DIVA anomaly and the middle-deep strata characterized by the Type II DIVA anomaly.

DFT Study on the (S)-Proline-catalyzed Direct Aldol Reaction between Acetone and 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde

DFT/6-31G^＊ calculations were applied to study the direct aldol reaction between acetone and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde catalyzed by （S）-proline. Four transition states associated with the stereo-controlling step, corresponding to syn and anti arrangements of methylene moiety related to the carboxylic acid group in enamine intermediate and re and si attacks to the aldehyde carbonyl carbon have been obtained. The solvent effect of DMSO was investigated with polarized continuum model. The computed energies of transition states reveal the stereo-selectivity of the reaction.