This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different doses of flavonoids from Allium mongolicum Regel on the production performance and neuroendocrine hormones in meat sheep and to determine the optimum do...This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different doses of flavonoids from Allium mongolicum Regel on the production performance and neuroendocrine hormones in meat sheep and to determine the optimum dosage of Allium mongolicum Regel flavonoids to add to the basal diet of dry lotfeeding meat sheep. Sixty meat sheep(initial body weight = 39.9 ± 3.2 kg; 6-month-old) were randomly assigned to 4 groups(15 sheep per group). The sheep in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the 3 experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with flavonoids at 11.22 and 33 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected via the jugular vein at d 0.15, 30, 45, and 60 to determine the neuroendocrine hormone levels. The fasting weight of the sheep was measured during the experimental period, and feed offered and refusals were recorded daily. The basal diet supplemented with flavonoids from 11 to 33 mg/kg significantly increased the daily weight gain and average daily feed intake(P<0.05) and significantly decreased the feed conversion ratio(P<0.05), but there were no differences among the supplementation groups(P>0.05). Starting on d 30, the growth hormone(GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)levels in the sera of the sheep in the supplementation groups increased significantly(P<0.05), and the increases occurred in a time-dependent manner. Compared with control group, after d 30, the serum corticosterone(CORT) levels were reduced in the sheep that consumed the basal diet supplemented with22 mg/kg flavonoids(P<0.05), but among the other experimental groups, there was a non-significant effect(P>0.05). The serum adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) levels were increased by the supplementation of flavonoids, but compared with the control group, the effect was not significant. The basal diet supplemented with flavonoids at levels from 11 to 33 mg/kg had a significant effect on the production performance and neuroendocrine hormone levels of meat sheep, and the effect occurred in a time-dependent manner. The effect was especially obvious after 30 d of feeding.展开更多
The present study was to evaluate the effects of dried Allium mongolicum Regel(AMR)powder and its water-and fat-soluble extracts(AWE and AFE)on the growth performance,serum metabolites,immune responses,antioxidant sta...The present study was to evaluate the effects of dried Allium mongolicum Regel(AMR)powder and its water-and fat-soluble extracts(AWE and AFE)on the growth performance,serum metabolites,immune responses,antioxidant status,and meat quality of lambs.A total of 32 male small-tailed Han lambs(5 months old;initial body weight=34.8±0.40 kg)were used in a 60-d feeding experiment after a 15-d adaptation period.The lambs were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=8)and fed a basal diet(control,CON group),the basal diet supplemented with dried AMR powder at 10 g/d per lamb(AMR group),the basal diet supplemented with AWE at 3.4 g/d per lamb(AWE group),or the basal diet supplemented with AFE at 2.8 g/d per lamb(AFE group).Blood samples were collected on d 0,30,and 60 in the feeding experiment(n-8).At the end of the experiment,the lambs were sacrificed and the longissimus dorsi muscles collected.Growth performance was not significantly affected by dietary supplementation of AMR,AWE and AFE(P>0.05).However,significantly lower albumin(P=0.006),total protein(P=0.006),globin(P=0.025),and blood urea nitrogen(P=0.024)concentrations were observed in AFE group relative to CON and AMR groups.Similarly,a significantly lower lactate dehydrogenase activity(P=0.018)was observed in AFE group relative to AWE group,but not in other groups(P>0.05).In addition,significantly increasing trends in glutathione peroxidase(P=0.06)in AMR,AWE,and AFE groups were observed relative to the control group.Furthermore,significantly lower drip loss(P-0.011)across the treatment groups and cooking loss(P-0.048)were observed in the AMR group relative to the control group.Taken together,these results indicate that AMR and its extracts had no significant effect on lamb growth performance,antioxidant status,and immune responses,but could significantly improve meat quality without the occurrence of pathological kidney and liver lesions.展开更多
本试验旨在通过体外发酵法研究不同水平沙葱粉对牦牛瘤胃体外发酵参数、营养物质降解率和微生物区系的影响。采用体外发酵法,在发酵罐中分别加入1 g全混合日粮(TMR,发酵底物)(YZA组)、1 g TMR+1.2%沙葱粉(YLA组)、1 g TMR+2.4%沙葱粉(YM...本试验旨在通过体外发酵法研究不同水平沙葱粉对牦牛瘤胃体外发酵参数、营养物质降解率和微生物区系的影响。采用体外发酵法,在发酵罐中分别加入1 g全混合日粮(TMR,发酵底物)(YZA组)、1 g TMR+1.2%沙葱粉(YLA组)、1 g TMR+2.4%沙葱粉(YMA组)、1 g TMR+3.6%沙葱粉(YHA组),在发酵时间分别到达4、8、16、24、48和72 h时采集发酵液及底物残渣,测定发酵参数、营养物质降解率及微生物区系。结果表明:1)与YZA组相比,发酵从16 h开始,YMA组和YHA组氨态氮(NH3-N)含量均极显著降低(P<0.01),发酵16和72 h时,YMA组和YHA组菌体蛋白(MCP)含量极显著升高(P<0.01);发酵4和16 h时,YLA组和YMA组pH均显著降低(P<0.05),48 h时YMA组pH显著降低(P<0.05),72 h时YMA组pH极显著降低(P<0.01);除72 h外,其余各时间点YLA组和YMA组总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)和乙酸含量显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)升高;各发酵时间点YLA组和YMA组丙酸含量显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)升高。2)与YZA组相比,发酵时间4、24、72 h时,YMA组干物质降解率(DMD)显著升高(P<0.05);发酵4、24、48和72 h时,YMA组和YHA组中性洗涤纤维降解率(NDFD)显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)升高;各发酵时间点,YLA组和YMA组酸性洗涤纤维降解率(ADFD)显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)升高。3)不同添加水平沙葱粉并未改变瘤胃主要微生物类群的占比,但可增加属水平普雷沃氏菌科UCG-001(YMA组)和F082(YMA组和YHA组)等有益微生物的相对丰度,提高底物营养物质降解率。4)毛螺菌科UCG-009相对丰度与丙酸含量呈极显著正相关(r=0.982;P<0.01),与DMD呈极显著负相关(r=-0.990;P<0.01),土圈菌DEV114相对丰度与异戊酸含量呈极显著正相关(r=0.998;P<0.01),不动杆菌属相对丰度与丙酸含量呈极显著负相关(r=-0.994;P<0.01),与DMD呈极显著正相关(r=0.984;P<0.01)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加2.4%沙葱粉能改善牦牛瘤胃体外发酵参数和营养物质降解率,促进有益菌的增殖,且部分参数变化呈现剂量依赖效应。展开更多
在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面方法对纤维素酶辅助提取沙葱总黄酮的工艺参数进行优化,得到最优工艺条件为提取时间4 h、提取温度39℃、体系p H 4.3,沙葱总黄酮提取量为5.48 mg/g。通过体外抗氧化及抗菌实验得出,此条件下提取所得沙...在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面方法对纤维素酶辅助提取沙葱总黄酮的工艺参数进行优化,得到最优工艺条件为提取时间4 h、提取温度39℃、体系p H 4.3,沙葱总黄酮提取量为5.48 mg/g。通过体外抗氧化及抗菌实验得出,此条件下提取所得沙葱总黄酮具有较好的总还原能力、体外清除DPPH自由基及清除羟自由基的能力,对沙门氏菌具有较好的抑制作用,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用较弱,对绿脓杆菌无抑制作用。展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (3126055831160474)the National Science& Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period (2013BDA10B04)
文摘This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different doses of flavonoids from Allium mongolicum Regel on the production performance and neuroendocrine hormones in meat sheep and to determine the optimum dosage of Allium mongolicum Regel flavonoids to add to the basal diet of dry lotfeeding meat sheep. Sixty meat sheep(initial body weight = 39.9 ± 3.2 kg; 6-month-old) were randomly assigned to 4 groups(15 sheep per group). The sheep in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the 3 experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with flavonoids at 11.22 and 33 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected via the jugular vein at d 0.15, 30, 45, and 60 to determine the neuroendocrine hormone levels. The fasting weight of the sheep was measured during the experimental period, and feed offered and refusals were recorded daily. The basal diet supplemented with flavonoids from 11 to 33 mg/kg significantly increased the daily weight gain and average daily feed intake(P<0.05) and significantly decreased the feed conversion ratio(P<0.05), but there were no differences among the supplementation groups(P>0.05). Starting on d 30, the growth hormone(GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)levels in the sera of the sheep in the supplementation groups increased significantly(P<0.05), and the increases occurred in a time-dependent manner. Compared with control group, after d 30, the serum corticosterone(CORT) levels were reduced in the sheep that consumed the basal diet supplemented with22 mg/kg flavonoids(P<0.05), but among the other experimental groups, there was a non-significant effect(P>0.05). The serum adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) levels were increased by the supplementation of flavonoids, but compared with the control group, the effect was not significant. The basal diet supplemented with flavonoids at levels from 11 to 33 mg/kg had a significant effect on the production performance and neuroendocrine hormone levels of meat sheep, and the effect occurred in a time-dependent manner. The effect was especially obvious after 30 d of feeding.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31460611)the Fund for Special Achievement for College of Animal Science in Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Grant No.BZCG201902)the Inner Mongolia Agricultural University“Double First Class”talent cultivation program(Grant No.NDSC2018-03).
文摘The present study was to evaluate the effects of dried Allium mongolicum Regel(AMR)powder and its water-and fat-soluble extracts(AWE and AFE)on the growth performance,serum metabolites,immune responses,antioxidant status,and meat quality of lambs.A total of 32 male small-tailed Han lambs(5 months old;initial body weight=34.8±0.40 kg)were used in a 60-d feeding experiment after a 15-d adaptation period.The lambs were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=8)and fed a basal diet(control,CON group),the basal diet supplemented with dried AMR powder at 10 g/d per lamb(AMR group),the basal diet supplemented with AWE at 3.4 g/d per lamb(AWE group),or the basal diet supplemented with AFE at 2.8 g/d per lamb(AFE group).Blood samples were collected on d 0,30,and 60 in the feeding experiment(n-8).At the end of the experiment,the lambs were sacrificed and the longissimus dorsi muscles collected.Growth performance was not significantly affected by dietary supplementation of AMR,AWE and AFE(P>0.05).However,significantly lower albumin(P=0.006),total protein(P=0.006),globin(P=0.025),and blood urea nitrogen(P=0.024)concentrations were observed in AFE group relative to CON and AMR groups.Similarly,a significantly lower lactate dehydrogenase activity(P=0.018)was observed in AFE group relative to AWE group,but not in other groups(P>0.05).In addition,significantly increasing trends in glutathione peroxidase(P=0.06)in AMR,AWE,and AFE groups were observed relative to the control group.Furthermore,significantly lower drip loss(P-0.011)across the treatment groups and cooking loss(P-0.048)were observed in the AMR group relative to the control group.Taken together,these results indicate that AMR and its extracts had no significant effect on lamb growth performance,antioxidant status,and immune responses,but could significantly improve meat quality without the occurrence of pathological kidney and liver lesions.
文摘在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面方法对纤维素酶辅助提取沙葱总黄酮的工艺参数进行优化,得到最优工艺条件为提取时间4 h、提取温度39℃、体系p H 4.3,沙葱总黄酮提取量为5.48 mg/g。通过体外抗氧化及抗菌实验得出,此条件下提取所得沙葱总黄酮具有较好的总还原能力、体外清除DPPH自由基及清除羟自由基的能力,对沙门氏菌具有较好的抑制作用,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用较弱,对绿脓杆菌无抑制作用。
文摘研究了沙葱多糖Sevage法除蛋白的工艺.采用单因素试验确定Sevage试剂添加量、氯仿与正丁醇体积比、蛋白脱除次数及脱蛋白时间对沙葱多糖除蛋白效果的影响.并在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验确定了沙葱多糖Sevage法除蛋白的工艺条件.结果表明振摇时间和Sevage试剂添加量对除蛋白效果影响较大.Sevage法去除沙葱多糖蛋白的工艺条件为:Sevage试剂添加量为1/4,氯仿正丁醇体积比为3∶1,除蛋白时间为30 min.
