To estimate essential fatty acid (FA) and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) concentrations in early breast milk (BM) in relation to habitual fish intake. BM was collected within 72-hours after delivery fr...To estimate essential fatty acid (FA) and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) concentrations in early breast milk (BM) in relation to habitual fish intake. BM was collected within 72-hours after delivery from consecutively included mothers, 60 in Guilan (coastal) and 60 in Kermanshah (inland) provinces. Mothers were interviewed to com-plete a food frequency questionnaire. The FA composition was measured with gas chromatography. Mothers in the coastal area had higher intake of fish/seafood. Consumption of saturated fat was higher in Kermanshah and olive intake was higher in Guilan. High fish/seafood intake was associated with higher docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and lower arachidonic acid (AA)/DHA ratio in BM. There were no differences in linoleic and α-linolenic acid concentrations in BM between the provinces. N-3 FA and DHA concentration were significantly higher in Guilan than Kermanshah, but total n-6 FAs and AA did not differ and were high in both provinces. The ratios of total n-6/n-3 and AA/DHA in BM of mothers from Guilan were significantly lower than those in Kermanshah. The LCPUFA status in BM in two Iranian provinces was generally good and DHA was higher and the AA/DHA was significantly lower in mothers with high fish intake.展开更多
Specialized pro-resolving mediators provide promising targets for new drugs and natural products. Much work has been accomplished on the structure/ function of the lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase enzymes but not on th...Specialized pro-resolving mediators provide promising targets for new drugs and natural products. Much work has been accomplished on the structure/ function of the lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase enzymes but not on the substrates. A better visualization of three-dimensional lipid structures will allow increased refinement of the interactions that produce the pro-resolving mediators, and lead to improvements in synthetic pathways. We present systematic analysis of oleic (18:1n-9), linoleic (18:2n-6), alpha-linolenic (18:3n-3), arachidonic (20:4n-6), docosapentaenoic (22:5n-3), and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3) acids. Continuous gradient temperature Raman spectroscopy (GTRS) applies the temperature gradients utilized in differential scanning calorimetry to Raman spectroscopy. GTRS can identify and differentiate specific carbon chain sites, finally allowing Raman analysis to explain why the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) exhibit such extreme functional differences despite minimal changes in chemical structure. Detailed vibrational analysis of the important frequency ranges 1450 - 1200 cm-1 (includes CH2 bending and twisting) and 1750 - 1425 cm-1 (includes C=C stretching and C-C stretching plus H-C in-plane rocking) shows for the first time that each molecule has its own characteristic set of modes with only some redundancy/commonality. The number and frequency of modes correlates with three-dimensional molecular structure, not the degree of unsaturation. The high degree of specificity of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase enzymes should be reconsidered in light of the fact that individual sites on the polyunsaturated fatty acid chain are nonequivalent, and each LC-PUFA molecule has an individual, specific three dimensional structure incorporating torsion.展开更多
With the method of Urea inclusion,the content of α Linolenic acid (ALA) from perilla oil,Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish oil were enriched.The results showed that with once separa...With the method of Urea inclusion,the content of α Linolenic acid (ALA) from perilla oil,Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish oil were enriched.The results showed that with once separation,the purity of ALA and EPA+DHA was concentrated to 87.1% and above 70% respectively,the optimum conditions being given.展开更多
目的比较6种脂肪酸对高胆固醇血症小鼠体质量和血脂的影响。方法建立C57BL/6J小鼠高胆固醇血症模型,分别用含2%的辛酸(C8∶0)、癸酸(C10∶0)、油酸(C18∶1)、α-亚麻酸(C18∶3)、棕榈酸(C16∶0)和硬脂酸(C18∶0)高胆固醇饲料喂养12周,1...目的比较6种脂肪酸对高胆固醇血症小鼠体质量和血脂的影响。方法建立C57BL/6J小鼠高胆固醇血症模型,分别用含2%的辛酸(C8∶0)、癸酸(C10∶0)、油酸(C18∶1)、α-亚麻酸(C18∶3)、棕榈酸(C16∶0)和硬脂酸(C18∶0)高胆固醇饲料喂养12周,12周时检测血脂及脂蛋白相关指标。结果研究12周后各组小鼠体质量均显著增加,辛酸(C8∶0)、癸酸(C10∶0)、油酸(C18∶1)对控制体质量增加的作用较棕榈酸(C16∶0)和硬脂酸(C18∶0)差异显著(P<0.05);6种脂肪酸均显示出不同程度血总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值(HDL-C/LDL-C)增加的作用。辛酸(C8∶0)、癸酸(C10∶0)和α-亚麻酸(C18∶3)降低TC和LDL-C及升高HDL-C/LDL-C比值的作用比油酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸显著(P<0.05)。结论中链的饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acid,SFA)较长链的SFA降低小鼠体质量和血脂的作用显著。展开更多
文摘To estimate essential fatty acid (FA) and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) concentrations in early breast milk (BM) in relation to habitual fish intake. BM was collected within 72-hours after delivery from consecutively included mothers, 60 in Guilan (coastal) and 60 in Kermanshah (inland) provinces. Mothers were interviewed to com-plete a food frequency questionnaire. The FA composition was measured with gas chromatography. Mothers in the coastal area had higher intake of fish/seafood. Consumption of saturated fat was higher in Kermanshah and olive intake was higher in Guilan. High fish/seafood intake was associated with higher docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and lower arachidonic acid (AA)/DHA ratio in BM. There were no differences in linoleic and α-linolenic acid concentrations in BM between the provinces. N-3 FA and DHA concentration were significantly higher in Guilan than Kermanshah, but total n-6 FAs and AA did not differ and were high in both provinces. The ratios of total n-6/n-3 and AA/DHA in BM of mothers from Guilan were significantly lower than those in Kermanshah. The LCPUFA status in BM in two Iranian provinces was generally good and DHA was higher and the AA/DHA was significantly lower in mothers with high fish intake.
文摘Specialized pro-resolving mediators provide promising targets for new drugs and natural products. Much work has been accomplished on the structure/ function of the lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase enzymes but not on the substrates. A better visualization of three-dimensional lipid structures will allow increased refinement of the interactions that produce the pro-resolving mediators, and lead to improvements in synthetic pathways. We present systematic analysis of oleic (18:1n-9), linoleic (18:2n-6), alpha-linolenic (18:3n-3), arachidonic (20:4n-6), docosapentaenoic (22:5n-3), and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3) acids. Continuous gradient temperature Raman spectroscopy (GTRS) applies the temperature gradients utilized in differential scanning calorimetry to Raman spectroscopy. GTRS can identify and differentiate specific carbon chain sites, finally allowing Raman analysis to explain why the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) exhibit such extreme functional differences despite minimal changes in chemical structure. Detailed vibrational analysis of the important frequency ranges 1450 - 1200 cm-1 (includes CH2 bending and twisting) and 1750 - 1425 cm-1 (includes C=C stretching and C-C stretching plus H-C in-plane rocking) shows for the first time that each molecule has its own characteristic set of modes with only some redundancy/commonality. The number and frequency of modes correlates with three-dimensional molecular structure, not the degree of unsaturation. The high degree of specificity of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase enzymes should be reconsidered in light of the fact that individual sites on the polyunsaturated fatty acid chain are nonequivalent, and each LC-PUFA molecule has an individual, specific three dimensional structure incorporating torsion.
文摘With the method of Urea inclusion,the content of α Linolenic acid (ALA) from perilla oil,Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish oil were enriched.The results showed that with once separation,the purity of ALA and EPA+DHA was concentrated to 87.1% and above 70% respectively,the optimum conditions being given.
文摘目的比较6种脂肪酸对高胆固醇血症小鼠体质量和血脂的影响。方法建立C57BL/6J小鼠高胆固醇血症模型,分别用含2%的辛酸(C8∶0)、癸酸(C10∶0)、油酸(C18∶1)、α-亚麻酸(C18∶3)、棕榈酸(C16∶0)和硬脂酸(C18∶0)高胆固醇饲料喂养12周,12周时检测血脂及脂蛋白相关指标。结果研究12周后各组小鼠体质量均显著增加,辛酸(C8∶0)、癸酸(C10∶0)、油酸(C18∶1)对控制体质量增加的作用较棕榈酸(C16∶0)和硬脂酸(C18∶0)差异显著(P<0.05);6种脂肪酸均显示出不同程度血总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值(HDL-C/LDL-C)增加的作用。辛酸(C8∶0)、癸酸(C10∶0)和α-亚麻酸(C18∶3)降低TC和LDL-C及升高HDL-C/LDL-C比值的作用比油酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸显著(P<0.05)。结论中链的饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acid,SFA)较长链的SFA降低小鼠体质量和血脂的作用显著。
