Ser/Arg-rich （SR） genes encode proteins that play pivotal roles in both constitutive and alternative splicing of pre-mRNA. However, not much effort has been made to investigate the alternative splicing of their own ...Ser/Arg-rich （SR） genes encode proteins that play pivotal roles in both constitutive and alternative splicing of pre-mRNA. However, not much effort has been made to investigate the alternative splicing of their own pre-mRNA. In this study, we conducted comprehensive analyses of pre-mRNA splicing for 22 SR genes in three rice （Oryza sativa L.） ecotypes indica, japonica andjavanica. Using different ecotypes we characterized the variations in expression and splicing patterns of rice SR genes in different tissues and at different developmental stages. In addition, we compared the divergence in expression and splicing patterns of SR genes from seedlings of different rice ecotypes in response to hormones application and environmental stresses. Our results revealed the complexity of alternative splicing of SR genes in rice. The splicing varies in different tissues, in different ecotypes, in response to stresses and hormones. Thus, our study suggested that SR genes were subjected to sophisticated alternative splicing although their encoding proteins were involved in the splicing process.展开更多
For decades visual field defects were considered irreversible because it was thought that in the visual system the regeneration potential of the neuronal tissues is low.Nevertheless,there is always some potential for ...For decades visual field defects were considered irreversible because it was thought that in the visual system the regeneration potential of the neuronal tissues is low.Nevertheless,there is always some potential for partial recovery of the visual field defect that can be achieved through induction of neuroplasticity.Neuroplasticity refers to the ability of the brain to change its own functional architecture by modulating synaptic efficacy.It is maintained throughout life and just as neurological rehabilitation can improve motor coordination,visual field defects in glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy or optic neuropathy can be improved by inducing neuroplasticity.In ophthalmology many new treatment paradigms have been tested that can induce neuroplastic changes,including non-invasive alternating current stimulation.Treatment with alternating current stimulation(e.g.,30 minutes,daily for 10 days using transorbital electrodes and^10 Hz)activates the entire retina and parts of the brain.Electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies revealed local activation of the visual cortex,global reorganization of functional brain networks,and enhanced blood flow,which together activate neurons and their networks.The future of low vision is optimistic because vision loss is indeed,partially reversible.展开更多
The alternating method based on the fundamental solutions of the infinite domain containing a crack,namely Muskhelishvili’s solutions,divides the complex structure with a crack into a simple model without crack which...The alternating method based on the fundamental solutions of the infinite domain containing a crack,namely Muskhelishvili’s solutions,divides the complex structure with a crack into a simple model without crack which can be solved by traditional numerical methods and an infinite domain with a crack which can be solved by Muskhelishvili’s solutions.However,this alternating method cannot be directly applied to the edge crack problems since partial crack surface of Muskhelishvili’s solutions is located outside the computational domain.In this paper,an improved alternating method,the spline fictitious boundary element alternating method(SFBEAM),based on infinite domain with the combination of spline fictitious boundary element method(SFBEM)and Muskhelishvili’s solutions is proposed to solve the edge crack problems.Since the SFBEM and Muskhelishvili’s solutions are obtained in the framework of infinite domain,no special treatment is needed for solving the problem of edge cracks.Different mixed boundary conditions edge crack problems with varies of computational parameters are given to certify the high precision,efficiency and applicability of the proposed method compared with other alternating methods and extend finite element method.展开更多
Because high temperatures impair rice production,it is desirable to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms involved in rice response to heat stress.The objectives of this study were to identify candidate genes and charac...Because high temperatures impair rice production,it is desirable to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms involved in rice response to heat stress.The objectives of this study were to identify candidate genes and characterize their response patterns during rice adaptation to high temperatures at the seedling stage.Ten heat-associated quantitative-trait loci were identified in a genome-wide association study.Comparison of transcript abundances in heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant rice pools under heat stress revealed approximately 400 differentially expressed genes.The expression of genes from heatsensitive accessions changed more than those from heat-tolerant accessions under heat stress.Alternative splicing(AS)events responded to heat stress in rice.The types of AS variants significant different between the heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant accessions.Expression patterns differing between the heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant accessions were identified for genes known to be involved in heat stress.We identified eleven genes associated with rice heat stress response.These genes could be pyramided to breed heat-tolerant rice accessions.展开更多
SERRATE(SE)plays critical roles in RNA metabolism and plant growth regulation.However,its function in stresseresponse processes remains largely unknown.Here,we examined the regulatory role of SE using the se-1 mutant ...SERRATE(SE)plays critical roles in RNA metabolism and plant growth regulation.However,its function in stresseresponse processes remains largely unknown.Here,we examined the regulatory role of SE using the se-1 mutant and its complementation line under saline conditions.The expression of SE was repressed by salt treatment at both mRNA and protein levels.After treatment with different NaCl concentrations,the se-1 mutants showed increased sensitivity to salinity.This heightened sensitivity was evidenced by decreased germination,reduced root growth,more serious chlorosis,and increased conductivity of the mutants compared with the wild type.Further analysis revealed that SE regulates the pre-mRNA splicing of several well-characterized marker genes associated with salt stress tolerance.Our data thus imply that SE may function as a key component in plant response to salt stress by modulating the splicing of salt stress-associated genes.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB100401)the National Science Fund of China for Distinguished Young Scientists(30825030)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30970260,30770466 and 30971752)the Key Project from Chongqing Local Government,China(2010AA1019)
文摘Ser/Arg-rich （SR） genes encode proteins that play pivotal roles in both constitutive and alternative splicing of pre-mRNA. However, not much effort has been made to investigate the alternative splicing of their own pre-mRNA. In this study, we conducted comprehensive analyses of pre-mRNA splicing for 22 SR genes in three rice （Oryza sativa L.） ecotypes indica, japonica andjavanica. Using different ecotypes we characterized the variations in expression and splicing patterns of rice SR genes in different tissues and at different developmental stages. In addition, we compared the divergence in expression and splicing patterns of SR genes from seedlings of different rice ecotypes in response to hormones application and environmental stresses. Our results revealed the complexity of alternative splicing of SR genes in rice. The splicing varies in different tissues, in different ecotypes, in response to stresses and hormones. Thus, our study suggested that SR genes were subjected to sophisticated alternative splicing although their encoding proteins were involved in the splicing process.
文摘For decades visual field defects were considered irreversible because it was thought that in the visual system the regeneration potential of the neuronal tissues is low.Nevertheless,there is always some potential for partial recovery of the visual field defect that can be achieved through induction of neuroplasticity.Neuroplasticity refers to the ability of the brain to change its own functional architecture by modulating synaptic efficacy.It is maintained throughout life and just as neurological rehabilitation can improve motor coordination,visual field defects in glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy or optic neuropathy can be improved by inducing neuroplasticity.In ophthalmology many new treatment paradigms have been tested that can induce neuroplastic changes,including non-invasive alternating current stimulation.Treatment with alternating current stimulation(e.g.,30 minutes,daily for 10 days using transorbital electrodes and^10 Hz)activates the entire retina and parts of the brain.Electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies revealed local activation of the visual cortex,global reorganization of functional brain networks,and enhanced blood flow,which together activate neurons and their networks.The future of low vision is optimistic because vision loss is indeed,partially reversible.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51078150)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11602087)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science,South China University of Technology(2017ZB32)National Undergraduate Innovative and Entrepreneurial Training Program(201810561180).
文摘The alternating method based on the fundamental solutions of the infinite domain containing a crack,namely Muskhelishvili’s solutions,divides the complex structure with a crack into a simple model without crack which can be solved by traditional numerical methods and an infinite domain with a crack which can be solved by Muskhelishvili’s solutions.However,this alternating method cannot be directly applied to the edge crack problems since partial crack surface of Muskhelishvili’s solutions is located outside the computational domain.In this paper,an improved alternating method,the spline fictitious boundary element alternating method(SFBEAM),based on infinite domain with the combination of spline fictitious boundary element method(SFBEM)and Muskhelishvili’s solutions is proposed to solve the edge crack problems.Since the SFBEM and Muskhelishvili’s solutions are obtained in the framework of infinite domain,no special treatment is needed for solving the problem of edge cracks.Different mixed boundary conditions edge crack problems with varies of computational parameters are given to certify the high precision,efficiency and applicability of the proposed method compared with other alternating methods and extend finite element method.
基金supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(KQTD2016113010482651)Projects Subsidized by Special Funds for Science Technology Innovation and Industrial Development of Shenzhen Dapeng New District(RC201901-05)+2 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2019A1515110557)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771887)Genome-wide Association Study of High Nitrogen Use Efficiency Related Traits in Rice and Breeding Application(2020-KYYWF-0237)。
文摘Because high temperatures impair rice production,it is desirable to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms involved in rice response to heat stress.The objectives of this study were to identify candidate genes and characterize their response patterns during rice adaptation to high temperatures at the seedling stage.Ten heat-associated quantitative-trait loci were identified in a genome-wide association study.Comparison of transcript abundances in heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant rice pools under heat stress revealed approximately 400 differentially expressed genes.The expression of genes from heatsensitive accessions changed more than those from heat-tolerant accessions under heat stress.Alternative splicing(AS)events responded to heat stress in rice.The types of AS variants significant different between the heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant accessions.Expression patterns differing between the heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant accessions were identified for genes known to be involved in heat stress.We identified eleven genes associated with rice heat stress response.These genes could be pyramided to breed heat-tolerant rice accessions.
基金supported by the National key R&D plan(2016YFD0101006)Natural Science Foundation of China(31671275)+1 种基金Candidates of the Young and Middle-Aged Academic Leaders of Yunnan Province(2015HB094)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(grant NO.2017FB047 and 2019FA010).
文摘SERRATE(SE)plays critical roles in RNA metabolism and plant growth regulation.However,its function in stresseresponse processes remains largely unknown.Here,we examined the regulatory role of SE using the se-1 mutant and its complementation line under saline conditions.The expression of SE was repressed by salt treatment at both mRNA and protein levels.After treatment with different NaCl concentrations,the se-1 mutants showed increased sensitivity to salinity.This heightened sensitivity was evidenced by decreased germination,reduced root growth,more serious chlorosis,and increased conductivity of the mutants compared with the wild type.Further analysis revealed that SE regulates the pre-mRNA splicing of several well-characterized marker genes associated with salt stress tolerance.Our data thus imply that SE may function as a key component in plant response to salt stress by modulating the splicing of salt stress-associated genes.
