Direct-chill semi-continuous casting process of three-layer composite ingot of 4045/3004/4045 aluminum alloys

Three-layer composite ingot of 4045/3004/4045 aluminum alloys was prepared by direct-chill semi-continuous casting process,the temperature field distribution near the composite interface,macro-morphology,microstructure and composition distribution of the composite interface were investigated.The results show that semi-solid layer with a certain thickness forms near the interface due to the effect of cooling plate,which ensures successful implementation of casting the composite ingot.Two different aluminum alloys are well bonded metallurgically.The mechanical properties of composite interface were measured,the tensile and shearing strengths of composite interface are 105 and 88 MPa,respectively,which proves that the composite interface is a kind of metallurgical bonding.

Expression of miR-9-5p and RHOA in aluminum-induced rat cognitive dysfunction

Objective:To investigate the possible mechanism of microRNA-9-5p(miR-9-5p)and Ras homologous gene family A(RHOA)in aluminum-induced cognitive dysfunction in rats.Methods:According to the principle of randomization,48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups(n=12)of blank control,low dose,medium dose and high dose.The blank control group was gavaged daily saline,and the other three dose groups were given daily gavage AlCl3 aqueous solution at three doses of 25 mg/kg,50 mg/kg,and 100 mg/kg to create a rat model of cognitive impairment for three months.The water maze(MWM)positioning navigation experiment was used to record the time t(s),namely,the incubation period,on the platform of rats,and the incubation period of each group was used to determine whether the rats in the infected group had learning and memory impairment.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Nissl stains observed the pathological changes of nerve cells in the hippocampus of the four groups.Western blot detected the protein expression levels of RHOA and cranial neurotrophic factor(BDNF)in fresh rat hippocampal tissues.RT-qPCR detected the mRNA expression of miR-9-5p,RHOA,and BDNF in rat hippocampal tissues.Results:The results of Morris water maze positioning navigation test showed that the incubation period of each group was calculated on the 1st,3rd and 5th days of the experiment,and the motor incubation period of the infected group was higher than that of the control group.The results of HE staining showed that the rat nerve cells in the control group were morphologically intact,the staining was clear,the nucleus was clearly visible,and the edge of the cell membrane was sharp.The rat neurons in the infected group were damaged to varying degrees,the nucleus gradually dissolved,the cytoplasmic staining became deeper,the edges of the cell membrane were blurred and disordered,and the cells were deformed and arranged disordered.The results of Nissl staining showed that the well-stained Nissl body particles were visible in the nerve cells of rats in the control group,and the dissipation of Nissl bodies in the nerve cells of the infected group was reduced,and the staining was shallow.The results of RT-qPCR showed that compared with the control group,the mRNA expression of miR-9-5p and BDNF was decreased in the infected group,and the mRNA expression of RHOA was increased(P<0.05 or P<0.001).The Western blot results showed that compared with the control group,the relative expression of BDNF in the three infected groups was decreased,and the relative expression of RHOA increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:In aluminum-induced cognitive impairment,miR-9-5p is downregulated and RHOA is upregulatd.

Mechanism of heterogeneous distribution of Cr-containing dispersoids in DC casting 7475 aluminum alloy

The actual effective partition coefficients of Mg and Cr in a cross-section of a dendrite arm in a direct-chill(DC)-casting ingot of 7475 aluminum alloy are obtained.Meanwhile,by analyzing the microstructure,the mechanism of the heterogeneous distribution of E(Al_(18)Mg_(3)Cr_(2))dispersoids in this DC ingot is revealed.The results show that the actual effective partition coefficients of Mg and Cr are 0.650 and 1.392,respectively,and they describe the heterogeneous distributions of Mg and Cr along the direction of radius of the cross-section of the dendrite arm of the alloy.After homogenization treatment at 470℃ for 24 h,Mg diffuses uniformly,but Cr hardly diffuses.Both the concentrations of Mg and Cr and the sites of heterogeneous nucleation in the alloy are the determinants of the formation of E dispersoids simultaneously.The heat treatment at 250℃ for 72 h provides a large number of the sites of heterogeneous nucleation of the formation of fine E dispersoids that will be formed in the center of the cross-section during the subsequent heat treatment at higher temperature.

Process for improving the ladle free- opening rate for high aluminum steel in continuous casting

Steel 20Mn23AlV is a type of high aluminum steel with a very low ladle free-opening rate. The aluminum composition of 20Mn23AlV ranges from 1.6% to 2.45% ,which is significantly higher than other types of steel. According to the real condition of 40 t ladle in steel-making plant of Baosteel Special Steel Company, previous works show that the key factors affecting the ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel in continuous casting are：sand material, accessories baking, ladle nozzle cleaning, the process and amount of adding sand, and the rate of argon stirring during refining. Therefore, improving the ladle filler sand quality, baking all of the raw materials, controlling the addition of ladle filler sand, cleaning the ladle nozzle, and optimizing argon stirring during the refining process can resolve the problem of a low ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel caused by the long ladle time of liquid steel.

LOW TEMPERATURE ALUMINUM FLOATING ELECTROLYSIS IN HEAVY ELECTROLYTE Na_3AlF_6-AlF_3-BaC1_2-NaCl BATH SYSTEM

Multiple regression equations of liquidus temperature, electrical conductivity and bath density of the Na_3AlF_6-AlF_3-BaC1_2-NaCl system were obtained from experiments by using orthogonal regression method. The experiments were carried out in 100A cell with low melting point electrolyte, the influences of cathodic current density, electrolytic temperature, density differences of bath and liquid aluminum on current efficiency (CE) were studied; when the electrolyte cryolite ratio was 2.5, w(BaC1_2) and w(NaCl) were 48% and 10%, respectively, CE reached 90% and specific energy consumption was 10.97k Wb/kg/kg. Because of the fact that aluminum metal obtained floated on the surface of molten electrolyte, this electrolysis method was then defined as low temperature aluminum floating electrolysis. The results showed that the new low temperature aluminum electrolysis process in the Na_3AlF_6-AlF_3-BaC1_2-NaCl bath system was practical and promising.

5-lipoxygenase expression in a brain damage model induced by chronic oral administration of aluminum

A preliminary study has found that the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, caffeic acid, has a marked protective effect on acute brain injury induced by intracerebroventricular microinjection of aluminum. In this experiment, chronic brain injury and neuronal degeneration model was established in rats by chronic oral administration of aluminum, and then intervened using caffeic acid. Results showed that caffeic acid can downregulate chronic aluminum overload-induced 5-1ipoxygenase mRNA and protein expression, and repair the aluminum overload-induced hippocampal neuronal damage and spatial orientation impairment. It is suggested that direct intervention of 5-lipoxygenase expression has a neuroprotective role in the degeneration induced by chronic aluminum overload brain injury model.

Preparation of ultrafine α-Al_2O_3 powders by catalytic sintering of ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide at low temperature

The precursor of ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide was synthesized by using aluminum sulfate（Al2（SO4）3） and ammonium carbonate（（NH4）2CO3）. The effects of α-Al2O3 seeds and mixture composed of α-Al2O3 and ammonium nitrate, as well as multiplex catalysts （AT） on phase transformation of alumina in sintering process were investigated respectively. The results show that the α-Al2O3 seeds and the mixture of α-Al2O3 and ammonium nitrate can lower the phase transformation temperature of α-Al2O3 to different extents while the particles obtained agglomerate heavily. AT has great potential synergistic effects on the phase transformation of alumina and reduces the phase transformation temperature of α-Al2O3 and the trends of necking-formation between particles. Therefore the dispersion of powder particles is improved significantly.

Effect of CaO doping on corrosion resistance of Cu/(NiFe_2O_4-10NiO) cermet inert anode for aluminum electrolysis

The CaO-doped Cu/（NiFe2O4-10NiO） cermet inert anodes were prepared by the cold isostatie pressing-sintering process, and their corrosion resistance to Na3AlF6-K3AlF6-Al203 melt was studied. The results show that the relative density of 5Cu/（NiFe2O4-10NiO） cermet sintered at 1 200 ℃ increases from 82.83% to 97.63% when 2% CaO （mass fraction） is added. During the electrolysis, the relative density of cermet inert anode descends owing to the chemical dissolution of additive CaO at ceramic grain boundary, which accelerates the penetration of electrolyte. Thus, the corrosion resistance to melts of Cu/（NiFe2O4-10NiO） cermet inert anode is reduced. To improve the corrosion resistance of the cermet inert anode, the content of CaO doped should be decreased and the technology of cleaning the ceramic grain boundary should be applied.

含钽铝锭俄歇电子能谱分析

在电子束蒸镀铝膜过程中,高熔点的杂质钽很难从铝锭中去除,对蒸镀过程产生影响,需明确钽对铝锭的作用形式。针对电子束加热蒸镀后的含钽铝锭样品中钽的存在形式进行研究,利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、俄歇电子能谱仪进行微观形貌、表面物相、微区成分分析,着重对俄歇电子能谱测试过程中样品制备与处理对结果的影响进行讨论。结果表明:钽在铝锭中以Al_(3)Ta及单质形式存在;俄歇电子能谱结果受表面状态影响明显,必要时需结合氩离子溅射技术进行表面清洁。

Al-6．5Zn-2．4Mg-2．3Cu铝合金半连续铸锭的均匀化处理

采用DSC、金相、扫描电镜及能谱分析等方法,研究了Al-6.5Zn-2.4Mg-2.3Cu超高强铝合金半连续铸锭的结晶相及其在470℃均匀化处理过程中的变化规律.结果表明:在均匀化处理过程中,铸锭中含有Al,Zn,Mg,Cu元素的非平衡凝固共晶体在向合金基体溶解的同时还转变形成S相(Al2CuMg),形成的S相在该合金中的熔化温度为490℃;均匀化处理初期,含有Al,Zn,Mg,Cu的非平衡凝固共晶体转变成S相的速度大于S相向合金基体溶解的速度,导致S相数量随均匀化处理时间的延长,先增加随后减少到平衡值,但不能全部溶入合金基体.

超高强铝合金研究进展与发展趋势

超高强铝合金具有密度低、比强度高等特点,广泛应用于航空、航天、核工业等领域。合金的极限强度已从第四代铝合金的600 MPa级,逐步发展到650~700 MPa级、750 MPa级,甚至800 MPa级及以上第五代铝合金。本文首先对超高强铝合金的发展历程和国内外发展现状进行概述;随后,从成分设计与优化、熔铸与均匀化技术、热变形技术、热处理技术、计算机辅助模拟计算共五个方面对近些年的研究进展和所遇到的问题进行了总结和讨论;最后,结合未来装备的发展需求和国内的技术现状,指出“深入研究基础理论,解决综合性能匹配等问题以及在特定应用场景下专用材料的推广应用”是超高强铝合金的发展趋势和重要方向。

LZJ-22新型全自动铝锭连续铸造机组的研制

针对我国电解铝工业发展现状及铝锭连续铸造机组的技术水平,研制了一种新型、性价比高、接近国际先进水平的LZJ-22型全自动铝锭连续铸造机组,并对该机组的总体方案设计,关键技术及工作特点进行了分析讨论。该机组同样也适用于铅、锌等其它有色金属铸造,可实现一机多用。

半连续铸锭尺寸对Al-6.5Zn-2.3Mg-2.3Cu合金铸态组织的影响

采用激光共聚焦显微镜研究Al-6.5Zn-2.3Mg-2.3Cu超高强铝合金半连续铸锭中的枝晶臂间距和非平衡凝固共晶体片层间距随铸锭尺寸的变化情况。结果表明:当铸锭为Φ110 mm、Φ200 mm圆锭和440 mm厚扁锭时,其枝晶臂间距相应为27μm8、5μm和141μm,其片层间距相应为0.25μm、0.27μm和0.48μm。

Al-1.4Mn-0.5Si-0.8Fe合金铸锭均匀化工艺研究

为满足板翅式换热器用铝合金翅片箔承压能力的要求,设计开发了Al-1. 4Mn-0. 5Si-0. 8Fe合金。该合金是在3003铝合金的基础上加入了少量的Zr、Cr、V、Ti等微合金元素;试验研究了生产翅片箔用的该合金铸锭的均匀化退火工艺,该合金铸锭适宜的均匀化退火工艺为610℃7 h。

基于S7-300的圆棒铝锭锯切机控制系统

圆棒铝锭锯切机是铝厂重要和关键设备之一,该类型设备过去主要依赖进口;为满足企业需要开发一种新型国产锯切机系统;该锯切机采用流水线工作模式:即上料装置可一次堆垛一批待加工圆棒铝锭,单根圆棒铝锭可依次通过辊道运送至锯切机的定长和压紧机构,由锯切机自动完成铝锭端头的锯切,而后加工好铝锭沿辊道输送至下料装置,再由捆绑装置打包,从而完成一个工作循环;由于该机工作流程较复杂,该锯切机采用SIEMENS S7-300PLC为控制核心。文中介绍和分析了该锯切机原理、构成和工艺流程,并给出了基于S7-300的圆棒铝锭锯切机控制系统结构图和程序流程图。实际使用效果表明该系统可靠性和自动化程度高。

关于铝锭铸模生产线激光清理、喷涂、烘烤功能的研究与实用技术

从铝锭铸模生产线和智能生产线几个方面介绍了黄河鑫业有限公司铸造车间装备的发展现状,指出了铝锭铸模生产线自动激光清理、喷涂及烘烤加热三种模式的各自特点,并指明了生产线的发展方向和应用前景。

8006铝合金超大规格扁锭生产工艺研究

在8006铝合金640 mm×2400 mm超大规格扁锭生产中,熔体纯净度难以控制,铸造过程对水温变化异常敏感,导致成型困难.从原材料、熔体精炼、在线过滤三个方面采取措施保证熔体纯净度,并通过试验确定了合适的铸造工艺参数.对熔体的纯净度、扁锭的外观及内部组织检测表明,采取的措施可有效控制熔体的渣含量,保证铸锭顺利成型.

航空集装箱用7021铝合金大扁锭产生裂纹的原因及对策

7021铝合金以其优良的特性广泛应用于航空集装箱.随着产品尺寸增加,所需的超大规格扁锭易出现裂纹缺陷.本试验观察了7021铝合金扁锭裂纹形貌,系统分析了合金熔铸过程中的化学成分、熔体质量、铸造工具和工艺对裂纹的影响,提出了解决7021铝合金扁锭裂纹的工艺优化方向以及有效控制措施.

铝冶炼装备-铝锭自动堆垛机升降机构的改造与实践

针对某铝业公司提出的铝锭连续铸造机组中的自动堆垛机升降机构目前存在的问题,设计一种新型升降机构,取代了原有进口的升降机构,经过实际生产运行,取得了预期效果。

Effects of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr based alloys

Five kinds of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr based alloys with different Sc additions were prepared by ingot metallurgy. The effects of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr based alloys were investigated using tensile tests, optical microscopy （OM）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The results show that the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength are improved by 94 and 110 MPa, respectively, and the elongation to failure remains at a reasonable extent （11.1%） in the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr based alloy with 0.21 wt.% Sc addition after solution heat treatment at 475°C for 40 min and then aged at 120°C for 24 h. The addition of minor Sc induces the formation of Al3（Sc,Zr） particles, which are highly effective in refining the cast microstructures, retarding recrystallization, and pinning dislocations. The increment of strength is attributed mainly to fine grain strengthening, precipitation strengthening of Al3（Sc,Zr） particles, and substructure strengthening.