Direct-chill semi-continuous casting process of three-layer composite ingot of 4045/3004/4045 aluminum alloys

Three-layer composite ingot of 4045/3004/4045 aluminum alloys was prepared by direct-chill semi-continuous casting process,the temperature field distribution near the composite interface,macro-morphology,microstructure and composition distribution of the composite interface were investigated.The results show that semi-solid layer with a certain thickness forms near the interface due to the effect of cooling plate,which ensures successful implementation of casting the composite ingot.Two different aluminum alloys are well bonded metallurgically.The mechanical properties of composite interface were measured,the tensile and shearing strengths of composite interface are 105 and 88 MPa,respectively,which proves that the composite interface is a kind of metallurgical bonding.

Mechanism of heterogeneous distribution of Cr-containing dispersoids in DC casting 7475 aluminum alloy

The actual effective partition coefficients of Mg and Cr in a cross-section of a dendrite arm in a direct-chill(DC)-casting ingot of 7475 aluminum alloy are obtained.Meanwhile,by analyzing the microstructure,the mechanism of the heterogeneous distribution of E(Al_(18)Mg_(3)Cr_(2))dispersoids in this DC ingot is revealed.The results show that the actual effective partition coefficients of Mg and Cr are 0.650 and 1.392,respectively,and they describe the heterogeneous distributions of Mg and Cr along the direction of radius of the cross-section of the dendrite arm of the alloy.After homogenization treatment at 470℃ for 24 h,Mg diffuses uniformly,but Cr hardly diffuses.Both the concentrations of Mg and Cr and the sites of heterogeneous nucleation in the alloy are the determinants of the formation of E dispersoids simultaneously.The heat treatment at 250℃ for 72 h provides a large number of the sites of heterogeneous nucleation of the formation of fine E dispersoids that will be formed in the center of the cross-section during the subsequent heat treatment at higher temperature.

Process for improving the ladle free- opening rate for high aluminum steel in continuous casting

Steel 20Mn23AlV is a type of high aluminum steel with a very low ladle free-opening rate. The aluminum composition of 20Mn23AlV ranges from 1.6% to 2.45% ,which is significantly higher than other types of steel. According to the real condition of 40 t ladle in steel-making plant of Baosteel Special Steel Company, previous works show that the key factors affecting the ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel in continuous casting are：sand material, accessories baking, ladle nozzle cleaning, the process and amount of adding sand, and the rate of argon stirring during refining. Therefore, improving the ladle filler sand quality, baking all of the raw materials, controlling the addition of ladle filler sand, cleaning the ladle nozzle, and optimizing argon stirring during the refining process can resolve the problem of a low ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel caused by the long ladle time of liquid steel.

LOW TEMPERATURE ALUMINUM FLOATING ELECTROLYSIS IN HEAVY ELECTROLYTE Na_3AlF_6-AlF_3-BaC1_2-NaCl BATH SYSTEM

Multiple regression equations of liquidus temperature, electrical conductivity and bath density of the Na_3AlF_6-AlF_3-BaC1_2-NaCl system were obtained from experiments by using orthogonal regression method. The experiments were carried out in 100A cell with low melting point electrolyte, the influences of cathodic current density, electrolytic temperature, density differences of bath and liquid aluminum on current efficiency (CE) were studied; when the electrolyte cryolite ratio was 2.5, w(BaC1_2) and w(NaCl) were 48% and 10%, respectively, CE reached 90% and specific energy consumption was 10.97k Wb/kg/kg. Because of the fact that aluminum metal obtained floated on the surface of molten electrolyte, this electrolysis method was then defined as low temperature aluminum floating electrolysis. The results showed that the new low temperature aluminum electrolysis process in the Na_3AlF_6-AlF_3-BaC1_2-NaCl bath system was practical and promising.

5-lipoxygenase expression in a brain damage model induced by chronic oral administration of aluminum

A preliminary study has found that the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, caffeic acid, has a marked protective effect on acute brain injury induced by intracerebroventricular microinjection of aluminum. In this experiment, chronic brain injury and neuronal degeneration model was established in rats by chronic oral administration of aluminum, and then intervened using caffeic acid. Results showed that caffeic acid can downregulate chronic aluminum overload-induced 5-1ipoxygenase mRNA and protein expression, and repair the aluminum overload-induced hippocampal neuronal damage and spatial orientation impairment. It is suggested that direct intervention of 5-lipoxygenase expression has a neuroprotective role in the degeneration induced by chronic aluminum overload brain injury model.

Preparation of ultrafine α-Al_2O_3 powders by catalytic sintering of ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide at low temperature

The precursor of ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide was synthesized by using aluminum sulfate（Al2（SO4）3） and ammonium carbonate（（NH4）2CO3）. The effects of α-Al2O3 seeds and mixture composed of α-Al2O3 and ammonium nitrate, as well as multiplex catalysts （AT） on phase transformation of alumina in sintering process were investigated respectively. The results show that the α-Al2O3 seeds and the mixture of α-Al2O3 and ammonium nitrate can lower the phase transformation temperature of α-Al2O3 to different extents while the particles obtained agglomerate heavily. AT has great potential synergistic effects on the phase transformation of alumina and reduces the phase transformation temperature of α-Al2O3 and the trends of necking-formation between particles. Therefore the dispersion of powder particles is improved significantly.

Effect of CaO doping on corrosion resistance of Cu/(NiFe_2O_4-10NiO) cermet inert anode for aluminum electrolysis

The CaO-doped Cu/（NiFe2O4-10NiO） cermet inert anodes were prepared by the cold isostatie pressing-sintering process, and their corrosion resistance to Na3AlF6-K3AlF6-Al203 melt was studied. The results show that the relative density of 5Cu/（NiFe2O4-10NiO） cermet sintered at 1 200 ℃ increases from 82.83% to 97.63% when 2% CaO （mass fraction） is added. During the electrolysis, the relative density of cermet inert anode descends owing to the chemical dissolution of additive CaO at ceramic grain boundary, which accelerates the penetration of electrolyte. Thus, the corrosion resistance to melts of Cu/（NiFe2O4-10NiO） cermet inert anode is reduced. To improve the corrosion resistance of the cermet inert anode, the content of CaO doped should be decreased and the technology of cleaning the ceramic grain boundary should be applied.

Expression of miR-9-5p and RHOA in aluminum-induced rat cognitive dysfunction

Objective:To investigate the possible mechanism of microRNA-9-5p(miR-9-5p)and Ras homologous gene family A(RHOA)in aluminum-induced cognitive dysfunction in rats.Methods:According to the principle of randomization,48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups(n=12)of blank control,low dose,medium dose and high dose.The blank control group was gavaged daily saline,and the other three dose groups were given daily gavage AlCl3 aqueous solution at three doses of 25 mg/kg,50 mg/kg,and 100 mg/kg to create a rat model of cognitive impairment for three months.The water maze(MWM)positioning navigation experiment was used to record the time t(s),namely,the incubation period,on the platform of rats,and the incubation period of each group was used to determine whether the rats in the infected group had learning and memory impairment.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Nissl stains observed the pathological changes of nerve cells in the hippocampus of the four groups.Western blot detected the protein expression levels of RHOA and cranial neurotrophic factor(BDNF)in fresh rat hippocampal tissues.RT-qPCR detected the mRNA expression of miR-9-5p,RHOA,and BDNF in rat hippocampal tissues.Results:The results of Morris water maze positioning navigation test showed that the incubation period of each group was calculated on the 1st,3rd and 5th days of the experiment,and the motor incubation period of the infected group was higher than that of the control group.The results of HE staining showed that the rat nerve cells in the control group were morphologically intact,the staining was clear,the nucleus was clearly visible,and the edge of the cell membrane was sharp.The rat neurons in the infected group were damaged to varying degrees,the nucleus gradually dissolved,the cytoplasmic staining became deeper,the edges of the cell membrane were blurred and disordered,and the cells were deformed and arranged disordered.The results of Nissl staining showed that the well-stained Nissl body particles were visible in the nerve cells of rats in the control group,and the dissipation of Nissl bodies in the nerve cells of the infected group was reduced,and the staining was shallow.The results of RT-qPCR showed that compared with the control group,the mRNA expression of miR-9-5p and BDNF was decreased in the infected group,and the mRNA expression of RHOA was increased(P<0.05 or P<0.001).The Western blot results showed that compared with the control group,the relative expression of BDNF in the three infected groups was decreased,and the relative expression of RHOA increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:In aluminum-induced cognitive impairment,miR-9-5p is downregulated and RHOA is upregulatd.

Al-6．5Zn-2．4Mg-2．3Cu铝合金半连续铸锭的均匀化处理

采用DSC、金相、扫描电镜及能谱分析等方法,研究了Al-6.5Zn-2.4Mg-2.3Cu超高强铝合金半连续铸锭的结晶相及其在470℃均匀化处理过程中的变化规律.结果表明:在均匀化处理过程中,铸锭中含有Al,Zn,Mg,Cu元素的非平衡凝固共晶体在向合金基体溶解的同时还转变形成S相(Al2CuMg),形成的S相在该合金中的熔化温度为490℃;均匀化处理初期,含有Al,Zn,Mg,Cu的非平衡凝固共晶体转变成S相的速度大于S相向合金基体溶解的速度,导致S相数量随均匀化处理时间的延长,先增加随后减少到平衡值,但不能全部溶入合金基体.

LZJ-22新型全自动铝锭连续铸造机组的研制

针对我国电解铝工业发展现状及铝锭连续铸造机组的技术水平,研制了一种新型、性价比高、接近国际先进水平的LZJ-22型全自动铝锭连续铸造机组,并对该机组的总体方案设计,关键技术及工作特点进行了分析讨论。该机组同样也适用于铅、锌等其它有色金属铸造,可实现一机多用。

半连续铸锭尺寸对Al-6.5Zn-2.3Mg-2.3Cu合金铸态组织的影响

采用激光共聚焦显微镜研究Al-6.5Zn-2.3Mg-2.3Cu超高强铝合金半连续铸锭中的枝晶臂间距和非平衡凝固共晶体片层间距随铸锭尺寸的变化情况。结果表明:当铸锭为Φ110 mm、Φ200 mm圆锭和440 mm厚扁锭时,其枝晶臂间距相应为27μm8、5μm和141μm,其片层间距相应为0.25μm、0.27μm和0.48μm。

Al-1.4Mn-0.5Si-0.8Fe合金铸锭均匀化工艺研究

为满足板翅式换热器用铝合金翅片箔承压能力的要求,设计开发了Al-1. 4Mn-0. 5Si-0. 8Fe合金。该合金是在3003铝合金的基础上加入了少量的Zr、Cr、V、Ti等微合金元素;试验研究了生产翅片箔用的该合金铸锭的均匀化退火工艺,该合金铸锭适宜的均匀化退火工艺为610℃7 h。

基于S7-300的圆棒铝锭锯切机控制系统

圆棒铝锭锯切机是铝厂重要和关键设备之一,该类型设备过去主要依赖进口;为满足企业需要开发一种新型国产锯切机系统;该锯切机采用流水线工作模式:即上料装置可一次堆垛一批待加工圆棒铝锭,单根圆棒铝锭可依次通过辊道运送至锯切机的定长和压紧机构,由锯切机自动完成铝锭端头的锯切,而后加工好铝锭沿辊道输送至下料装置,再由捆绑装置打包,从而完成一个工作循环;由于该机工作流程较复杂,该锯切机采用SIEMENS S7-300PLC为控制核心。文中介绍和分析了该锯切机原理、构成和工艺流程,并给出了基于S7-300的圆棒铝锭锯切机控制系统结构图和程序流程图。实际使用效果表明该系统可靠性和自动化程度高。

铝冶炼装备-铝锭自动堆垛机升降机构的改造与实践

针对某铝业公司提出的铝锭连续铸造机组中的自动堆垛机升降机构目前存在的问题,设计一种新型升降机构,取代了原有进口的升降机构,经过实际生产运行,取得了预期效果。

Effects of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr based alloys

Five kinds of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr based alloys with different Sc additions were prepared by ingot metallurgy. The effects of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr based alloys were investigated using tensile tests, optical microscopy （OM）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The results show that the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength are improved by 94 and 110 MPa, respectively, and the elongation to failure remains at a reasonable extent （11.1%） in the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr based alloy with 0.21 wt.% Sc addition after solution heat treatment at 475°C for 40 min and then aged at 120°C for 24 h. The addition of minor Sc induces the formation of Al3（Sc,Zr） particles, which are highly effective in refining the cast microstructures, retarding recrystallization, and pinning dislocations. The increment of strength is attributed mainly to fine grain strengthening, precipitation strengthening of Al3（Sc,Zr） particles, and substructure strengthening.

大尺寸Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金铸锭均匀化工艺研究

为了解决生产过程中大尺寸Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金铸锭的均匀化问题,利用金相分析、热分析、扫描电镜和透射电镜观察等方法,研究了不同均匀化工艺对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金超大铸锭组织及过烧现象的影响。研究结果表明:合金铸锭在420℃均匀化4 h后,基体中析出了大量弥散分布的Al 3Zr相,继续提高温度,合金铸锭在475℃均匀化时发生了过烧现象。经470℃/8 h均匀化后合金的低熔点峰值向高温方向移动,枝晶组织以及富Zn、Mg相基本消失,能谱显示残留第二相主要由富Cu、Mg相和富Cu、Fe相组成,过烧温度达到480℃。为进一步减少富Cu、Mg相的影响,继续提高温度到478℃时,未发现过烧现象,第二相含量进一步减少。本研究确定了Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金超大铸锭的均匀化温度为420℃/4 h+470℃/8 h+478℃/12 h,此时铸锭未出现过烧现象,第二相含量明显减少。

ICP-OES法检测锌镁铝合金锭中的化学成分

文章通过确定仪器的测量条件,建立了ICP-OES法测定锌镁铝合金锭中的铝、铁、镁、锶、镧、铈、铅、镉、硅、钒、锡11种元素的分析方法,并研究了基体对这11个元素的干扰。该法简单快捷,以及其准确度、精密度试验都获得了满意的结果,能够满足分析要求。

Effect of Al on Al_4SiC_4-Al_4O_4C Composite Synthesized from Kaolinite Grog

The Al4SiC4 - Al4 O4 C composites were synthesized using 1： 6. 5：2.6 of nudar rntio of kaolinite grog powder, carbon black, and aluminum powder as basic formulation, fixing the additions f kaolinite grog powder and carbon black, vauing aluminum powder addition to make its proportion from 2. 6 to 3. 9, 5. 5, 7. 0, 8. 6, and 10. 4, respectively, adding phenolic resin as binder and absolute alcohol as dispersant, m＆ing well, pressing, drying, and firing at 1 700 for 2 h in a corundum tubularfizrnace in flowing argon. The eeffect cf Al addition on phase tvmposition and mierostrture of Al4SiC4 - Al4 O4 C composites wgs investigated by DTA - TG , XRD , and SEM. The results show that：（1 ） in a certain degree, more Al4SiC4 - Al4 O4 C forms with Al powder addition increasing; （2） the formed Al4SiC4 - Al4 O4 C two morphologies, narrwly, sheet atul block, atul their panicle sizes are. 5 - 15 n and 10 -20 p.m , respectively; （3） the A1 powder htition increase ha.s little effect on the grain shape and size of Al4SiC4 - Al4 O4 C： （4） ttw formed Al4O4C mainly distributes on ttw surfctce of the AluSiC4 grains with irregular shape atut partitle size below I p,m, and some of them bond together.

Influences of Al and Si Powders on Microstructure and Hot Mechanical Properties of Al_2O_3-C Slide Plates

The basic formulation of Al2O3- C slide plates was65%（ in mass,the same hereinafter） white fused corundum particles,25% white fused corundum fines,6% active α-Al2O3 micropowder,4% carbon black and flake graphite, and additional 4% phenolic resin.Based on this formulation,3% Al powder,3% Si powder,and 3% Al ＋ 3% Si powder were used to substitute equivalent white corundum fines to improve the hot mechanical properties of Al2O3- C slide plates. The specimens with dimensions of 140 mm × 25 mm × 25 mm were pressed at 150 MPa,dried at 200 ℃ for 24 h,and hot treated at 1 400 ℃ for 3 h in carbon embedded condition. Then hot modulus of rupture and thermal shock resistance of the specimens were tested and the phase compositions and microstructure were analyzed. The results show that specimen with 3% Al powder has the higher hot modulus of rupture but lower residual modulus of rupture after thermal shock than the specimen with3% Si powder; the specimen with 3% Al ＋ 3% Si powders exhibits the highest hot modulus of rupture and the best thermal shock resistance; the change of mechanical property is closely related with the in-situ formed nonoxides： AlN in the form of bars is formed in specimens with Al powder; fibrous SiC whiskers are formed in specimens with Si powder; in the specimens with both Al and Sipowders,besides AlN and SiC whiskers,hexagonal tabular SiAlON is in-situ synthesized,which interlocks with each other.

Multichip on Aluminum Metal Plate Technology for High Power LED Packaging

Multichip on Ahnnintnn Metal Plate（MOAMP） technology with simple structure and low thermal resistance is developed for effective heat reratrval of Light Emitting Diode（LED） p-n junction and LED lighting module to have high reliability. The thermal resistance of LED modules was numerical and experimental. Thermal resistance from the jtnction to aluminten metal plate, considering input power of IFD module using MOAMP technology, is 3.02 K/W, 3.23 K/W for the measured and calculated, respectively. We expect that the reported MOAMP technology with low thermal resistance will be a promising solution for high power LED fighting modules.