Aphids are marked by their high polymorphism, but species reported from the Early Cretaceous are known only from alate morphs. The discovery of an apterous adult morph in Lebanese amber and a larva of the same species...Aphids are marked by their high polymorphism, but species reported from the Early Cretaceous are known only from alate morphs. The discovery of an apterous adult morph in Lebanese amber and a larva of the same species are very important for the understanding of both the morphological and biological evolution of this insect group at the very early stage of development. Gondvanoaphis estephani new subfamily, new genus and species of the recent aphids family Thelaxidae is described. The characters of the new genus in respect to other genera placed in Thelaxidae are reviewed. The palaeoeeological and palaeogeographical data concerning Gondvanoaphis new genus are also discussed.展开更多
A completely preserved cockroach Socialaperlucida gen. et sp. nov. （Blattida： Socialidae faro. nov.） is described from the Mesozoic （Albian Early Cretaceous） amber of Archingeay in France. It is categorized withi...A completely preserved cockroach Socialaperlucida gen. et sp. nov. （Blattida： Socialidae faro. nov.） is described from the Mesozoic （Albian Early Cretaceous） amber of Archingeay in France. It is categorized within the new family Socialidae, originating from the Mesozoic cockroach family Liberiblattinidae, and representing the sister group to the most basal known eutermite families. Numerous direct and indirect morphological evidence （such as a unique narrow body and pronotum with reduced coloration, legs without carination and with numerous sensillar pitts （forelegs） as adaptations to life in nests analogical to the living termitophillous species; enlarged head, long palps for communication, a general venation modified in a direction towards termites （subcosta and radial vein [R] approximated, R branches approximated, simplified, cross-veins reduced）, and possibly also the development of the breaking forewing sutura for detaching wings after marriage flight）, suggest its eusocial mode of life. Thus, the first eusociality originated within cockroaches, prior to giving birth to termites; termites and Cryptocercus are not directly related. The group of eusocial cockroaches makes termite morphotaxon polyphyletic, but also in this case, the erection of a new order for mastotermites （including Cratomastotermitidae） and/or the inclusion of eusocial, morphological cockroaches within termites appears counterproductive, thus an example of such a general exception to the taxonomical procedure is provided.展开更多
文中首次报道了缅甸琥珀中的长扁甲Mallecupes qingqingae Jarzembowski,Wang and Zheng,2017的阳茎化石,并讨论了该器官的古昆虫学和现生昆虫学意义。甲虫在现生生物中的多样性最高,而它们的生殖器则在甲虫系统分类中的应用已经超过百...文中首次报道了缅甸琥珀中的长扁甲Mallecupes qingqingae Jarzembowski,Wang and Zheng,2017的阳茎化石,并讨论了该器官的古昆虫学和现生昆虫学意义。甲虫在现生生物中的多样性最高,而它们的生殖器则在甲虫系统分类中的应用已经超过百年历史。这些小而精美的器官通常很难保存在化石里,但文中特异保存在中生代琥珀中的生殖器则为原鞘亚目甲虫的分类学研究提供了新的启示。展开更多
文摘Aphids are marked by their high polymorphism, but species reported from the Early Cretaceous are known only from alate morphs. The discovery of an apterous adult morph in Lebanese amber and a larva of the same species are very important for the understanding of both the morphological and biological evolution of this insect group at the very early stage of development. Gondvanoaphis estephani new subfamily, new genus and species of the recent aphids family Thelaxidae is described. The characters of the new genus in respect to other genera placed in Thelaxidae are reviewed. The palaeoeeological and palaeogeographical data concerning Gondvanoaphis new genus are also discussed.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Non-profit Research Institution of CAF(CAFYBB2018ZB001)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1200400)
基金supported by UNESCO-AMBA,UNESCO-IGCP 458,Schwarz stipend, VEGA 6002 and 2/0125/09,MVTS,and the Literarny Fond.a contribution to the CNRS ANR program"AMBRACE"(project no.BLAN07-1-184190)
文摘A completely preserved cockroach Socialaperlucida gen. et sp. nov. （Blattida： Socialidae faro. nov.） is described from the Mesozoic （Albian Early Cretaceous） amber of Archingeay in France. It is categorized within the new family Socialidae, originating from the Mesozoic cockroach family Liberiblattinidae, and representing the sister group to the most basal known eutermite families. Numerous direct and indirect morphological evidence （such as a unique narrow body and pronotum with reduced coloration, legs without carination and with numerous sensillar pitts （forelegs） as adaptations to life in nests analogical to the living termitophillous species; enlarged head, long palps for communication, a general venation modified in a direction towards termites （subcosta and radial vein [R] approximated, R branches approximated, simplified, cross-veins reduced）, and possibly also the development of the breaking forewing sutura for detaching wings after marriage flight）, suggest its eusocial mode of life. Thus, the first eusociality originated within cockroaches, prior to giving birth to termites; termites and Cryptocercus are not directly related. The group of eusocial cockroaches makes termite morphotaxon polyphyletic, but also in this case, the erection of a new order for mastotermites （including Cratomastotermitidae） and/or the inclusion of eusocial, morphological cockroaches within termites appears counterproductive, thus an example of such a general exception to the taxonomical procedure is provided.
文摘文中首次报道了缅甸琥珀中的长扁甲Mallecupes qingqingae Jarzembowski,Wang and Zheng,2017的阳茎化石,并讨论了该器官的古昆虫学和现生昆虫学意义。甲虫在现生生物中的多样性最高,而它们的生殖器则在甲虫系统分类中的应用已经超过百年历史。这些小而精美的器官通常很难保存在化石里,但文中特异保存在中生代琥珀中的生殖器则为原鞘亚目甲虫的分类学研究提供了新的启示。
