The Ambivalent Gender Ideology of The Great Gatsby

As a hot topic in modernist literature,gender ideology has aroused great interest in interpreting literary works from a new perspective. The thesis is a systematic research into the gender ideology of Scott Fitzgerald's masterpiece The Great Gatsby. It presents Fitzgerald's gender ambivalence and the reason why he commits it through Nick's relationship with Mr. McKee,Jordan Baker,and Gatsby.

Ambivalent response in pathogen defense: A double-edged sword?

Plants possess effective immune systems that defend against most microbial attackers.Recent plant immunity research has focused on the classic binary defense model involving the pivotal role of small-molecule hormones in regulating the plant defense signaling network.Although most of our current understanding comes from studies that relied on information derived from a limited number of pathosystems,newer studies concerning the incredibly diverse interactions between plants and microbes are providing additional insights into other novel mechanisms.Here,we review the roles of both classical and more recently identified components of defense signaling pathways and stress hormones in regulating the ambivalence effect during responses to diverse pathogens.Because of their different lifestyles,effective defense against biotrophic pathogens normally leads to increased susceptibility to necrotrophs,and vice versa.Given these opposing forces,the plant potentially faces a trade-off when it mounts resistance to a specific pathogen,a phenomenon referred to here as the ambivalence effect.We also highlight a novel mechanism by which translational control of the proteins involved in the ambivalence effect can be used to engineer durable and broad-spectrum disease resistance,regardless of the lifestyle of the invading pathogen.

Anatomical Retrofitting:Pi(脾)as Spleen and the Persistence of Ontological Ambivalence

Over the past decade,medical researchers in China have debated whether the Pi(脾)corresponds to the biomedical spleen or pancreas.This debate exemplifies a broader phenomenon of“anatomical retrofitting”,or the anachronistic imposition of contemporary categories onto living historical objects.“Anatomical retrofitting”as a means of rectifying cases of mistranslation further positions the biomedical spleen and pancreas as representing ahistorical,universal truths.This framework gives rise to a conceptual binary:while the biomedical spleen is universalized as what philosophers may describe as“logical”ontology,the Pi connects to a different nature of reality,or“metaphysical”ontology.Far from being an object of imprecision,the Pi was a dynamic vessel that also shared characteristics with the humoral spleen.Given that scholars in China have already subjected Pi to historical scrutiny,this paper urges scholars to do the same with biomedical anatomy.For instance,historically situating the humoral spleen demonstrates that it became less known and less articulated as it transformed into the biomedical spleen.Meanwhile,the pancreas remained an unstable epistemic object that took on the dynamic functions of the humoral spleen in nineteenth-century organotherapy.Through primary source analysis and literature review,this paper contends that the apparent ontological incommensurability between Pi and spleen is neither mutually exclusive nor irreconcilable.Instead,the dynamic nature of internal viscera,their many functions,and their participation in epistemic practices contribute to an ongoing ontological ambivalence that persists despite the forced certainty of anatomical retrofitting.

殖民话语的特性分析

“殖民话语”(colonialdiscourse)是后殖民文化批评理论研究中的一个重要研究领域,首次由萨义德使用,他从福柯那里借过来,用以描述殖民主义在实践中的出场。1978年萨义德出版的《东方学:西方对于东方的观念》,就是探讨了从1798年拿破仑入侵埃及到当代被称为“东方学”的西方人看待东方、处置东方的殖民话语,及其表述方式、策略和机制。本文从四个方面揭示殖民话语的特性,分析后殖民主义以及文化新殖民主义的话语方式,从而有助于规避殖民话语陷阱,推进当前的后殖民以及文化新殖民主义批评。

Two Opposed Ideas As Immature Ambivalence In The Great Gatsby

The Great Gatsby narrates a symbolist tragedy in a transitional era.It’s ambivalent characterizationand themes find justifications in the writer’s own ideology of two opposed ideas ,and in his efforts to define andjudge subjects of social problems.The ambivalent characterization concerns the writer’s dual response to theprotagonist’s corruption and innocence respectively.Ultimately the writer is convinced that both the corruptionand innocence are justifiable in the morality of his protagonist.Whereas the ambivalent themes dealing withthe American dream attach importance to the social class perspectives and the vision of history,undoubtedlythe writer slides into a compromise with his themes:repudation and approval.Because of the equally strong in-terplay of two opposed ideas,the writer fails to locate a definite position and scale,which results in his imma-ture control in the art of the work.The writer’s characteristic code and achievement are significant becausethey genuinely reveal human being’s fundamental dilemma in social life.

Love in Death——A Stylistic Analysis of Rossetti's Song

Rossetti’s Song is a wonderful love poem.Its uniqueness lies in addressing love in the context of death.A stylistic exami-nation is made on the levels of phonology,lexis,and syntax,aiming to interpret the speaker’s ambivalent feelings about love anddeath,the change from sadness to optimism and the control of emotions as well as to appreciate the beauty of the poetic language.;stylistics;ambivalent feelings;sadness;

Carnival Laughter in Don Juan A Bakhtinian Reading of Don Juan

Byron's works are often considered as being cynical and tragic due to their famous Byronic heroes—often defiant, melan-choly young men as well as Byron's rebellious life experience. However, Don Juan has already grown out of such tragic mood andself-pitying pride. In Don Juan, contrary to the serious and complete negation, the satire is ambivalent just like the medieval carni-val laughter which is deriding and downgrading as well as positive and regenerating. With the help of the Bakhtin's theory aboutthe medieval carnival, Don Juan proved to be an affirmative poem with positive sense. Byron in this poem gives a true revelation ofpassionate mutual love, shows the importance of personal and national liberty, and expands people's perception of morality as hesatires and laughs at the vices of the society.

Understanding Différance

Différance, coined by Jacques Derrida, deserves our special attention because it is of great signifi cance not only to understanding what Derrida means by deconstruction but aslo to applying the deconstructionist reading strategy to textual analysis. Under the infl uence of Saussure's linguistic view, Derrida invented this term as part of his attempt to reveal both linguistic instability and literary ambivalence.

On Doctor Manette's Ambivalence in A Tale of Two Cities

The thesis centres on Doctor Manette's special character—ambivalence.He is a man of contrasts.Now the development of this thesis will be given by the influences which was analyzed by her.

Rewriting of the Irish Identity and Pastoral: A Case Study on The Beauty Queen of Leenane by Martin McDonagh

Martin McDonagh,a descendant of Irish,is engaged in the creation of dramatic works in the UK,and his unique growth experience has a profound influence on his dramatic works.His first play,The Beauty Queen of Leenane,explores the ambivalence status of characters,embodies the vague time image,the rewriting of the Irish western pastoral and the hybrid language of English and Irish,which is the embodiment of McDonagh’s dual national identity and his rewriting of the Irish national identity.

Power and Politics

The goal of each policy should be to maintain the country＇s stability. This proposition becomes a keynote of thepolitical concept of the state. Machiavelli＇s work The Prince is not just a treatise on politics, but a text aiming tosubvert the traditional concept of political philosophy. Machiavelli devoted two main theses to political art. Thefirst one emphasizes that the ruler must work on the assumption that people are bad. Man is inherently evil.Whoever gives the republic its constitution and the law must consider all people evil in advance, and they must alsoreckon with the fact that the people will show their perverse nature whenever they get the chance.

A dual function for the chromatin organizer Special A-T rich Binding Protein 1 in B-lineage cells

SATB1(Special A-T rich Binding protein 1)is a cell type-specific factor that regulates the genetic network in developing T cells and neurons.In T cells,SATB1 is required for lineage commitment,VDJ recombination,development and maturation.Considering that its expression varies during B-cell differentiation,the involvement of SATB1 needs to be clarified in this lineage.Using a KO mouse model in which SATB1 was deleted from the pro-B-cell stage,we examined the consequences of SATB1 deletion in naive and activated B-cell subsets.Our model indicates first,unlike its essential function in T cells,that SATB1 is dispensable for B-cell development and the establishment of a broad IgH repertoire.Second,we show that SATB1 exhibits an ambivalent function in mature B cells,acting sequentially as a positive and negative regulator of Ig gene transcription in naive and activated cells,respectively.Third,our study indicates that the negative regulatory function of SATB1 in B cells extends to the germinal center response,in which this factor limits somatic hypermutation of Ig genes.

Health-related quality of life of living liver donors 1 year after donation

Background:Improving the health-related quality of life(HRQOL)of living liver donors post-donation is an important aspect of care quality.Analyzing the HRQOL of living liver donors prospectively could help improve our understanding of the recovery of HRQOL and help improve the quality of donor care.In this study,we examined the HRQOL of living liver donors at pre-donation and at 1-year post-donation and analyzed the effect of pre-and post-donation factors on the donors'physical and mental HRQOL.Methods:This was a prospective study.During the enrollment period(August 2013 to December 2015),68 living liver donors completed the study questionnaires 5 times:at pre-donation and at 1,3,6,and 12 months post-donation.The Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire Short Form-36,which yields both physical(PCS)and mental(MCS)component summary scores,was used to measure the HRQOL.The pre-and post-donation factors included donation ambivalence,recipients'physical condition,post-donation complications,and recipients'survival status.Results:Participants'mean PCS scores were 43.59 and 56.50 at 1 and 12 months after donation,respectively,whereas their mean MCS scores were 46.89 and 46.28,respectively.The mean PCS score was worse at 1 month after donation but improved significantly over time(P<0.05);conversely,the MCS was quite stable over time(P>0.05).A good PCS score was associated with no surgical complications of donation(coefficient=2.87,P=0.02),whereas a poor MCS score was associated with an education of less than a bachelor's degree(coefficient=?3.60,P=0.004),a higher Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)score in the recipient(coefficient=?0.13,P=0.03),and recipient death(coefficient=?3.48,P=0.03).Pre-donation ambivalence and sense of coherence were not significant predictors of the PCS or MCS scores.Conclusions:The impact of living liver donation on HRQOL was strongest in the early stages of the post-surgery period for the physical domain.Health-care professionals should carefully manage and monitor the progress of surgical outcomes,particularly in high-risk groups such as donors with a low education level or donors whose recipients have severe illness or end up dying after the surgery.Doing so may allow for suitable intervention opportunities to improve the HRQOL of living liver donors.

The Unfinished Text or Literature as Palimpsest towards Lu Xun and His Relevance to the Present

The fact that Lu Xun is no longer regarded as the most important Chinese writer of the 20th century raises many questions. Is there only one benchmark for good literature, or are there different norms？ To what extent are these norms dictated by the market？ Questions like these relate to the issue of evaluation. Is literature still evaluated according to the internationally recognized definition of ＂modernity＂ that prevailed before World War II, or is it unfair to judge contemporary writers according to standards that dominated before 19497 The reason why contemporary Chinese literature （after 1949） might sometimes seem somehow lacking in comparison with modern Chinese literature （1912-49） might be found in historical changes in the role of the narrator in the novel. Literature after 1949 often returns to the omnipresent narrator, whose comments can be taken for granted. But, in the works of Lu Xun, the reader is often confronted with a narrator who is not reliable. In this way, the literature becomes ambivalent, and it is precisely this ambivalence that makes the literature ＂modern,＂ as the reader has to decide which voice he or she is going to trust. It is also ambivalence which turns a narrating ＇T＇ into a fictional character, which cannot be equated with the （real） author.

Russian,Chinese and Indian Ambivalence Policies on Iranian Nuclear Question

The Iran policy of Russia,China and India is one of ambivalence.While going along with the US-sponsored resolution in the United Nations to end the alleged Iranian nuclear weapon program,the three nations have been opposed to any“crippling sanctions”against Iran.The current paper analyzes this policy of ambivalence and attributes it to a curious mix of convergence and divergence of their interests with the Persian nation.It also recommends how Tehran could mould this policy in its favor.