OBJECTIVE: To detect DNA and chromosomes instabilities during the progression of tumors and screen new molecular markers coupled to putative or unknown oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes. METHODS: Five kinds of t...OBJECTIVE: To detect DNA and chromosomes instabilities during the progression of tumors and screen new molecular markers coupled to putative or unknown oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes. METHODS: Five kinds of tumors, in a total of 128 specimens, were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR. Bands representing instabilities were recovered, purified, and cloned, labeled as probes for Southern and Northern blot analysis and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: Sample 5 and 3 of the gastric cancer tissues showed the highest genomic changes and the average detectability in five cancers was up to at least 40% (42.2% - 49.4%). There were significant differences in the ability of each primer to detect genomic instability, which ranged from 27% (primer 8) to 68% (primer 2). Band B is a single copy fragment, and was found to be an allelic loss in gastric and colon cancers. It is a novel sequence and was registered in GenBank with Accession Number AF151005. Further analysis revealed that it might be part of a cis-regulatory element of a new tumor suppressor gene, containing a promoter of cis-action 'CACA' box, an enhancer of 'GATA' family and a start codon. CONCLUSIONS: It was impossible or difficult to get great achievements for cancer treatments with the procedure of gene therapy only to one oncogene or one tumor suppressor gene because the extensive DNA variations occurred during the progression of tumor. RAPD assay connected with other techniques was a good tool for the detection of genomic instabilities and direct screening of some new molecular markers related to tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes.展开更多
To reveal the effects of Fe2＋ on bacterial communities in the early stages of minerals dissolution, two different acid mine drainage （AMD） samples were collected at Dabaoshan Mine and Shenbu Mine. Community success...To reveal the effects of Fe2＋ on bacterial communities in the early stages of minerals dissolution, two different acid mine drainage （AMD） samples were collected at Dabaoshan Mine and Shenbu Mine. Community successions of AMD niches were analyzed by Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis （ARDRA）, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis in original AMD samples and their subculture under Fe2＋ concentrations. Although geochemical properties and community structures were greatly different between the two original AMD samples, bacterial community successions were still very similar under high Fe2＋ concentrations. The results showed that Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans have competitive relationship with other bacterial species living in the AMD, including species that were also capable of oxidizing ferrous ion. A competitive relationship among different At. ferrooxidans strains likewise existed. Some of At. ferrooxidans can grow first under conditions of high ferrous ion concentration, and other At. ferrooxidans species decreased gradually and disappeared. This suggested that these species of At. ferrooxidans are most acidophilic bacteria and afford Fe3＋ to leach other metallic ion in the early stages of minerals dissolution.展开更多
研究了刺参消化道中蛭弧菌类生物多样性。用刺参肠道内容物提取微生物总DNA,分别使用蛭弧菌类生物特异性引物Bd、Bac扩增获得16S r DNA目的片段,连接p MD19-T载体,转化到大肠埃希菌DH5α感受态细胞,经蓝白斑筛选及阳性克隆筛选,通过核糖...研究了刺参消化道中蛭弧菌类生物多样性。用刺参肠道内容物提取微生物总DNA,分别使用蛭弧菌类生物特异性引物Bd、Bac扩增获得16S r DNA目的片段,连接p MD19-T载体,转化到大肠埃希菌DH5α感受态细胞,经蓝白斑筛选及阳性克隆筛选,通过核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性内切酶分析(ARDAR)对阳性克隆进行分型,使用HaeⅢ和MspⅠ双酶切各60个阳性克隆,选取不同ARDAR型的阳性克隆测序,并进行生物学分析。结果显示:引物Bd、Bac的16S r DNA扩增产物分别分离获得3个和2个差异性序列,各属于一个类群,分属于蛭弧菌属(Bdellovibrio)和噬菌弧菌属(Bacteriovorax)。这些序列与数据库中相应菌株序列的最大相似性均为95.0%,这5个序列的菌株可能为潜在的新种。展开更多
Marine bacteria have recently been identified as a potent solution for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation in response to hazardous oceanic oil spills. In this study, a mesocosm experiment simulating a petroleum spill e...Marine bacteria have recently been identified as a potent solution for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation in response to hazardous oceanic oil spills. In this study, a mesocosm experiment simulating a petroleum spill event was performed to investigate changes in the abundance, structure, and productivity of bacterial communities in response to oil pollution. Cultured heterotrophic bacteria and total bacteria showed a consistent trend involving an immediate decrease in abundance, followed by a slight increase, and a steady low-level thereafter. However, the changing trend of bacterial productivity based on bacterial biomass and bacterial volume showed the opposite trend. In addition, the density of oil-degrading bacteria increased initially, then subsequently declined. The change in the bacterial community structure at day 0 and day 28 were also analyzed by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), which indicated that the species diversity of the bacterial community changed greatly after oil pollution. Alphaproteobacteria (40.98%) replaced Epsilonproteobacteria (51.10%) as the most abundant class, and Gammaproteobacteria (38.80%) became the second most dominant class in the whole bacterial community. The bacterial communities in oil-contaminated seawater (32 genera) became much more complex than those found in the natural seawater sample (16 genera). The proportion of petroleum-degrading bacteria in the oil-contaminated seawater also increased. In this study, culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches were combined to elucidate changes in both bacterial productivity and community structure. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the role that bacteria play in material cycling and degradation in response to oil pollution.展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE: To detect DNA and chromosomes instabilities during the progression of tumors and screen new molecular markers coupled to putative or unknown oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes. METHODS: Five kinds of tumors, in a total of 128 specimens, were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR. Bands representing instabilities were recovered, purified, and cloned, labeled as probes for Southern and Northern blot analysis and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: Sample 5 and 3 of the gastric cancer tissues showed the highest genomic changes and the average detectability in five cancers was up to at least 40% (42.2% - 49.4%). There were significant differences in the ability of each primer to detect genomic instability, which ranged from 27% (primer 8) to 68% (primer 2). Band B is a single copy fragment, and was found to be an allelic loss in gastric and colon cancers. It is a novel sequence and was registered in GenBank with Accession Number AF151005. Further analysis revealed that it might be part of a cis-regulatory element of a new tumor suppressor gene, containing a promoter of cis-action 'CACA' box, an enhancer of 'GATA' family and a start codon. CONCLUSIONS: It was impossible or difficult to get great achievements for cancer treatments with the procedure of gene therapy only to one oncogene or one tumor suppressor gene because the extensive DNA variations occurred during the progression of tumor. RAPD assay connected with other techniques was a good tool for the detection of genomic instabilities and direct screening of some new molecular markers related to tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes.
文摘To reveal the effects of Fe2＋ on bacterial communities in the early stages of minerals dissolution, two different acid mine drainage （AMD） samples were collected at Dabaoshan Mine and Shenbu Mine. Community successions of AMD niches were analyzed by Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis （ARDRA）, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis in original AMD samples and their subculture under Fe2＋ concentrations. Although geochemical properties and community structures were greatly different between the two original AMD samples, bacterial community successions were still very similar under high Fe2＋ concentrations. The results showed that Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans have competitive relationship with other bacterial species living in the AMD, including species that were also capable of oxidizing ferrous ion. A competitive relationship among different At. ferrooxidans strains likewise existed. Some of At. ferrooxidans can grow first under conditions of high ferrous ion concentration, and other At. ferrooxidans species decreased gradually and disappeared. This suggested that these species of At. ferrooxidans are most acidophilic bacteria and afford Fe3＋ to leach other metallic ion in the early stages of minerals dissolution.
文摘研究了刺参消化道中蛭弧菌类生物多样性。用刺参肠道内容物提取微生物总DNA,分别使用蛭弧菌类生物特异性引物Bd、Bac扩增获得16S r DNA目的片段,连接p MD19-T载体,转化到大肠埃希菌DH5α感受态细胞,经蓝白斑筛选及阳性克隆筛选,通过核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性内切酶分析(ARDAR)对阳性克隆进行分型,使用HaeⅢ和MspⅠ双酶切各60个阳性克隆,选取不同ARDAR型的阳性克隆测序,并进行生物学分析。结果显示:引物Bd、Bac的16S r DNA扩增产物分别分离获得3个和2个差异性序列,各属于一个类群,分属于蛭弧菌属(Bdellovibrio)和噬菌弧菌属(Bacteriovorax)。这些序列与数据库中相应菌株序列的最大相似性均为95.0%,这5个序列的菌株可能为潜在的新种。
基金Supported by the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences(No.U1606404)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.201562018)the Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Marine Spill Oil Identification and Damage Assessment Technology(No.201108)
文摘Marine bacteria have recently been identified as a potent solution for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation in response to hazardous oceanic oil spills. In this study, a mesocosm experiment simulating a petroleum spill event was performed to investigate changes in the abundance, structure, and productivity of bacterial communities in response to oil pollution. Cultured heterotrophic bacteria and total bacteria showed a consistent trend involving an immediate decrease in abundance, followed by a slight increase, and a steady low-level thereafter. However, the changing trend of bacterial productivity based on bacterial biomass and bacterial volume showed the opposite trend. In addition, the density of oil-degrading bacteria increased initially, then subsequently declined. The change in the bacterial community structure at day 0 and day 28 were also analyzed by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), which indicated that the species diversity of the bacterial community changed greatly after oil pollution. Alphaproteobacteria (40.98%) replaced Epsilonproteobacteria (51.10%) as the most abundant class, and Gammaproteobacteria (38.80%) became the second most dominant class in the whole bacterial community. The bacterial communities in oil-contaminated seawater (32 genera) became much more complex than those found in the natural seawater sample (16 genera). The proportion of petroleum-degrading bacteria in the oil-contaminated seawater also increased. In this study, culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches were combined to elucidate changes in both bacterial productivity and community structure. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the role that bacteria play in material cycling and degradation in response to oil pollution.
