Analysis and Innovative Strategies of Tax Preferential Policies to Promote the Sustainable Development of Small-Scale Individual Businesses

This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the current tax preferential policies for small-scale individual businesses and compared them with similar policies both domestically and internationally,aiming to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the current system.After examining the impact of these tax preferential policies on the economic status of individual business owners and the broader social economy,this article proposes a set of innovative tax preferential strategies based on theoretical foundations.By developing these innovative strategies and clarifying their implementation paths,the aim is to promote the sustainable and healthy development of small-scale individual businesses,thereby fostering comprehensive socio-economic progress.The conclusion of this study not only summarizes policy recommendations with practical significance but also provides theoretical support for the optimization and innovation of future related systems.

Design and Economic Analysis of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar PV System for Typical Home Applications in Oman

This paper presents a techno-economic investigation of an integrated rooftop solar PV system for typical home applications in Oman that can reduce the power consumption from the grid and export excess PV generated power back to the gird.Since renewable energy systems design technically depends on the site,this study selects a typical two-story villa(Home),in a site Al-Hamra,Oman.Temperature is one of the critical parameters in this design as it varies widely over the day and from one season to another in Oman.With the effect of temperature variation,the PV system has designed using system models for the required load of the home.The design process has included two main design constraints,such as the available rooftop space and the grid-connection availability for the selected home.This research also evaluates the economic feasibility of the design system considering the energy export tariff as per the Bulk Supply Tariff(BST)scheme in Oman.The design outcome reveals that the designed PV system can supply the load energy requirement in a year.In addition,the rooftop solar PV system can sell surplus energy back to the grid that generates additional revenue for the owner of the system.The economic performance indices such as payback period,internal rate of return,net present value,and profitability index ensure the financial feasibility of the designed rooftop solar PV system for the selected home.

Meta-regression Analysis of the Chinese Labor Reallocation Effect

Meta regression analysis method was applied to study 23 papers about the effect of Chinese labor reallocation on the economic growth. The results showed that both the method of the World Bank (1996) or M.Syrquin(1986) had little impact on the results, while the calculation of the stock of physical capital had a positive impact on the results. The result by using panel data study was bigger than results obtained in the time series data. The time span had little influences on the results. Therefore, it was necessary to measure the exact stock of physical capital in China, so as to evaluate the Chinese labor reallocation

Exploring the Evolutionary Path of Digital Financial Inclusion in Guangdong Province,China

This study explores the development trajectory of digital financial inclusion in 21 cities in Guangdong Province through fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA).The findings emphasize that the success of digital financial inclusion goes beyond individual dimensions,forming a systematic initiative marked by multifaceted interaction among different disciplines.In the trajectory of high-level digital inclusive finance development,the study identifies economic prosperity and technological innovation as crucial elements,highlighting their centrality,and elucidates the synergistic collaboration between market mechanisms and government guidance.Furthermore,the study emphasizes the government’s pivotal role in supporting market mechanisms and guiding policies,highlighting the need to achieve a nuanced equilibrium in the digital financial inclusion strategy.In contrast,non-high-level development paths of digital inclusive finance show a spectrum of diversities,emphasizing the critical roles played by economic fundamentals,government regulation,market mechanisms,and other contextual factors in different trajectories.Regarding policy implications,the study emphasizes the comprehensive and systemic nature inherent in the development of digital inclusive finance.It proposes four policy recommendations,including integrating development strategies,emphasizing scientific and technological innovation and economic development,achieving a delicate balance between market mechanisms and government guidance,and providing precise policy support.These insights provide valuable lessons for shaping digital inclusive financial policies in Guangdong Province and beyond,offering profound insights for strategically constructing robust digital financial ecosystems.

A Further Study on the Currency Law of Developmentand Some Innovations in Contemporary Economic Theory

以当代中国传统经济思想精髓为基础,着重桄理货币发展脉络,并探究和明晰当今纸币信用化、货币电子化现象背后蕴含的若干规律性认识,继而对货币形式与货币特质等若干重要的经济学基础问题以及推进其思维创新着力展开深度研究.通过对若干经济问题的中外比较分析,在有关货币的理论观点及其研究视角与经济分析方法上均有原创性学术进展：一是尝试对中国当代货币信用若干基本认识予以多视角探讨并进一步理论拓展;二是创新性运用经济数学模型方法对货币信用发展及其内在规律性予以开拓性探索和深层次经济剖析.

Comparative Research on the Economic Development of Xinjiang i n the Perspective of Development of the West Regions

In the context of Development of the West Regions, by using the annual data from 1999 to 2009 in whole China and 12 provinces of the western regions, we analyze the achievements of socio-economic development of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 1999 to 2009 as follows: the economic aggregate has increased prominently and the growth rate is increasing ceaselessly; the primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry develop evenly, and the industrial structure is incessantly optimized; the quality of economic growth is promoted increasingly and the living standard of people is improved greatly; the primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry stride in tandem, and the momentum of growth is strong. We conduct horizontal comparison on the main economic indicators of Xinjiang, 12 provinces of the western regions and whole China, which include GDP and its growth rate, investment of fixed assets, structure of the primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry, the industrial added value, GDP per capita, gross retail sales of social consumption, export and import trade, net income per capita of peasants and herdsmen, and general budget revenue. The result shows that although the implementation of the strategy of Development of the West Regions and the economic development of Xinjiang have achieved some remarkable results, there is a conspicuous gap in comparison with the expected effect. The problems existing in the operation of Xinjiang's economy are analyzed as follows: the industrial level is low, and the economic growth mode is yet to be transformed; the disposable income per capita of urban residents grows slowly, and the increasing gap between the urban areas and rural areas has no trend of dwindling; the investment aggregate is very low, and the momentum of economic growth is short. In order to make the central government and 19 provinces and cities offer pointed aid for Xinjiang, promote the implementation of new strategic development of Western China, and promote the better economic development of Xinjiang in the period of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, we put forward some feasible suggestions as follows: Xinjiang should grasp favorable opportunities and quicken the pace of industrial structural adjustment; continue to open up to the outside world unswervingly, and improve investment environment ceaselessly; strive to maintain the continuous and rapid development of economy, and improve the living standard of people.

数字乡村高质量建设的影响因素及组态路径研究——基于37个案例的清晰集定性比较分析

如何更有效促进数字乡村高质量建设是当下政府和学术界共同关注的热点问题。依据中国37个县域数字乡村发展案例,运用清晰集定性比较分析方法,基于物理事理人理系统方法论探讨财政支持、科技创新、政策规划、组织领导、农民数字素质与认同程度等因素对数字乡村高质量建设的联动作用及路径选择。研究结论:①单个因素不构成高质量与非高质量数字乡村建设的必要条件,组态路径具备等效性和多重并发性。②产生高质量结果的组态归纳为四条路径,解释力度为政策驱动型>财政驱动型>全要素驱动型>科技领导双轮驱动型。③产生非高质量结果的组态归纳为低效治理型路径。高质量和非高质量的组态路径存在因果非对称性。④政策规划能力和组织领导能力存在替代关系。建议各县域根据自身实际情况,因地制宜,随时而动,采取有针对性的组态协同发展措施,推动数字乡村高质量建设。

数字普惠金融、创业水平与共同富裕

实现共同富裕是全体人民的美好愿望,大力发展数字普惠金融有助于促进公平、提高效率,推动共同富裕。基于此,本文使用2011—2020年我国31个省的面板数据,实证检验数字普惠金融对共同富裕的影响效应和促进机制。基准回归表明,数字普惠金融能有效促进经济发展,提升居民可支配收入水平;中介回归结果表明,数字普惠金融通过提升地区创业水平来促进各地经济增长、提升居民的可支配收入水平,从而促进共同富裕。在进行稳健性分析后,结果依然成立。

陕西科技成果转化效率影响因素组态效应研究

为提升科技成果转化效率,促进创新型国家转型和陕西经济高质量发展。文中基于整合视角,运用因子分析法和模糊集定性比较法从制度、组织和资源三个层面探究陕西科技成果转化效率影响因素的组态效应。研究结果发现:单一层面的因素难以决定科技成果转化效率的高低;身份自洽下政策协调型、中介实力下政策供给型、身份自洽下技术资源型是实现陕西科技成果转化高效率的3种组态类型,其中身份自洽在产生科技成果转化高效率上发挥关键作用;组织要素在一定情景下可以弥补政策供给的缺失,组织要素内部的机构实力和身份自洽在一定情景下可以相互替代。研究结论可以为优化陕西科技成果转化政策、促进陕西科技成果高效转化提供专业参考。

数字平台型企业网络效应影响因素的组态研究——基于模糊集定性比较分析方法

在消费者主导的数字浪潮下,网络效应已成为数字平台型企业扩大市场规模的关键点,依靠网络效应建立用户价值优势成为最核心的竞争策略。本研究在数字经济这一全新背景下,从网络效应视角出发,根据调查问卷获取的数据,运用模糊集定性比较法分析其多影响因素间的组态关系,深入挖掘其前因条件间的有效组合和匹配(即协同)。研究发现:市场定位和价格因素二者之间的协同是网络效应激发过程中的核心条件。技术因素和社交因素二者间的协同是网络效应扩大过程中的核心条件。平台治理和技术因素间的协同关系是网络效应迭代过程中的核心条件。在此基础上,本研究提出了“激发—扩大—迭代”三条增强数字平台型企业网络效应的实现路径,为数字平台企业综合竞争力的提升和可持续发展提供了科学的参考。

数字经济对区域经济增长收敛的影响研究

共享型经济的发展对落后地区经济增长和推动共同富裕具有重大意义。本文以2013~2022年长江经济带的110个城市为研究样本,将数字经济纳入空间杜宾模型分析框架,实证考察数字经济对区域经济增长收敛的影响。研究发现:(1)长江经济带城市的经济增长总体上呈明显的收敛态势,数字经济的发展能够显著促进经济增长收敛,且这一结论在替换空间权重矩阵及解释变量后依然成立;(2)长江经济带城市经济增长的收敛性存在一定的空间溢出效应,且数字经济对经济增长收敛的促进作用也存在明显的空间溢出效应;(3)从空间维度来看,数字经济对经济增长收敛的促进作用在长江经济带上游城市影响最大,中游城市次之,下游城市最小;(4)从时间维度来看,2013~2022年期间长江经济带的收敛速度呈现逐步增长的趋势,且数字经济对经济增长收敛的影响具有明显的缓冲期,2016年以后其促进作用才显现出来。

饮食类非遗产品网络营销影响因素的组态及提升路径

随着互联网技术的迅猛发展,短视频、直播等众多新兴媒介兴起并普及,这为非物质文化遗产的保护和传承提供了新动能,促进了非遗产品的网络营销。以80个国家级饮食类非遗产品为样本,运用模糊集定性比较分析法,剖析网络搜索量、短视频传播效果、店铺经营年限、粉丝数量以及好评率等因素对网络销量的影响。研究发现,不论是对于高水平还是低水平的网络营销效果,都不存在解释其结果的单一必要条件。饮食类非遗产品高销量存在4种组态,低销量存在3种组态,且高/低销量产生的组态呈非对称关系。其中,短视频传播效果、店铺粉丝数量和好评率在高/低销量产生过程中的作用突出。不同饮食类非遗产品可根据自身条件禀赋,着力于多因素的联动适配,以实现高销量的网络营销效果。

我国学前教育高质量发展的多组态路径——基于DPSIR框架的模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)

文章基于DPSIR框架设计评价指标体系对区域学前教育高质量发展水平进行评价,以熵权-TOPSIS计算指标权重和综合得分,结合模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)进行组态路径分析。研究发现:(1)我国学前教育高质量发展水平呈现由东向西递减的趋势,除东部外,中部与西部区域学前教育高质量发展水平均值均低于全国均值;(2)基于DPSIR框架的区域学前教育发展系统驱动学前教育高质量发展具有“多重并发”与非对称性的特点;(3)存在两条高水平组态路径与3条非高水平组态路径,多条组态路径殊途同归,且高水平组态与非高水平组态处于非对称状态;(4)东部、中部与西部组态路径存在一定差异,三大区域学前教育高质量发展均离不开状态因子与响应因子的支持。为此,要完善机制体制建设,为学前教育发展提供保障;因地制宜制定发展策略,以协同路径驱动学前教育高质量发展;聚焦区域重点,以重点发展引领区域学前教育高质量发展。

中国降碳-减污-扩绿-增长协同发展空间关联网络特征及影响因素研究

协同推进降碳-减污-扩绿-增长已成为我国经济社会发展全面绿色转型的必然选择。基于我国30个省份面板数据(不包含港澳台地区以及西藏自治区数据),运用熵值法、耦合协调度模型和社会网络分析方法,分析各省份间降碳-减污-扩绿-增长协同演变趋势及空间关联网络特征。结果表明:①各省份降碳-减污-扩绿-增长协同效应的变化趋势基本一致,但在空间上呈现东部>东北>西部>中部的区域不均衡特征。②降碳-减污-扩绿-增长协同效应呈现以东部地区为核心的复杂空间网络结构,省际间空间关联性呈上升态势,但网络结构稳定性还有待提高。③北京市、天津市和上海市等地区凭借优越区位,在关联网络中处于主导地位,而宁夏回族自治区、黑龙江省和新疆维吾尔自治区等地区对其他地区的影响较小。④北京市、天津市和上海市等地区属于“主受益”板块,浙江省、广东省等地区属于“经纪人板块”,安徽省、江西省和湖北省等地区属于“净溢出”板块。⑤降碳-减污-扩绿-增长协同效应的空间关联网络受多种因素共同影响,人力资本水平、科技投入、市场化水平和数字经济发展均有利于空间关联关系的建立。研究显示,中国降碳-减污-扩绿-增长协同效应存在空间关联性,需进一步加强省份间的绿色合作与交流,共同推动降碳-减污-扩绿-增长协同发展。

我国体育产业高质量发展的政策组态效应研究

我国体育产业正处于高质量发展的关键机遇期,强力有效的政策支持是体育产业高质量发展必备的动力基础。以28个省、自治区、直辖市体育产业政策文本数据为样本,采用LDA主题模型挖掘样本中的核心要素,运用QCA方法探讨体育产业高质量发展的政策组合模式和变革路径。研究发现:我国体育产业高质量发展的政策组态由“3工具+9要素”构成,需要多种政策工具有机组合与协同联动;供给—需求型质量变革路径、环境—需求型动力变革路径和供需—环境型效率变革路径是实现体育产业高质量发展的三大政策适配路径;体育产业政策区位组合异质性较大,政策制定和实施应立足区域要素禀赋,因地制宜、优势互补、精准匹配,进而提升政策扶持效果。

基于模糊集定性比较分析的中国研发密集型企业格局特征与集聚路径

研发密集型企业高质量发展是提升科技创新能力和建设高水平科技自立自强的关键。采用区域空间分析和定性比较分析的方法,实证研究了中国研发密集型企业的空间格局与行业特征,深入分析其形成的集聚路径,研究发现:①中国研发密集型企业向中西部地区扩展的同时,区域发展差异呈扩大趋势,京津冀城市群、长三角城市群和粤港澳大湾区已成为企业创新的主要空间载体;②研发密集型企业的行业发展差异性显著,新兴信息技术行业成为发展重点,不同的科技创新区形成差异化的优势行业,并在国土空间上表现出较强的区域分工特征;③企业空间集聚是多条件组态效应的结果,不同条件在组态效应下形成多要素综合协同型、经济主导下政府服务与创新环境驱动型、政府引导下高校–经济–环境孵化型和人才引领下的创新生态优化型4条路径。因此,突出综合优势,营造完善的创新创业生态系统;发挥经济引领作用,优化创新创业环境;发挥政府主体作用,激发城市创新活力;强化人才核心作用,构建包容性的创新环境氛围等发展策略将有助于研发密集型企业空间集聚。

什么样的绿色创新模式产生城市高竞争力?——基于fsQCA的组态分析

绿色创新是实现区域经济提质增效的重要力量。如何推进绿色创新、提高城市绿色竞争力是创新领域有待回答的重要问题。整合交易成本理论、知识溢出理论与资源配置理论,采用QCA、NCA和PSM方法对254个地级及以上城市数据进行分析,从整体视角探究异质性环境政策、制度环境和集聚效应对城市绿色创新的联动效应,以及不同绿色创新路径是否均有利于城市绿色竞争力的提高。结果表明:单个前因条件并不构成高绿色创新产生的必要条件,也不构成高绿色创新产生的充分条件。异质性环境规制、制度环境和集聚效应联动匹配,形成了城市绿色创新的多样化组态形式,具有明显的“殊途同归”特点。具体表现为制度环境导向模式、命令控制导向模式、市场激励导向模式和政策组合导向模式。4种绿色创新模式对城市竞争力的影响存在显著的差异性,具有“殊途不同效”的特点,并且不同绿色创新模式对城市竞争力的影响具有滞后效应。研究结论从组态视角为城市开展绿色创新及提升竞争力提供了决策依据,弥补了传统定量分析对该问题解释的局限性,在一定程度上丰富了绿色创新理论。

长江经济带物流效率提升的组态研究——基于TOE框架与DEA模型

文章以长江经济带为研究样本,基于TOE理论构建了物流效率组态的理论框架模型,结合数据包络分析与定性比较分析对11个省市进行了实证研究。结果表明,环境、组织与技术条件均无法单独形成高水平物流效率的条件;存在4种组态路径可以形成高物流效率,分别为环境驱动型、技术-环境型、组织-平衡型,以及综合发展型;受限于各地区经济发展水平及资源差异,带内各地区物流效率提升路径也有所不同。该研究结果有助于深化省域治理物流效率背后多重因素间复杂关系的理性认识,并对区域提升物流效率带来有益实践认识。