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The Singular Value Decomposition Analysis between Summer Precipitation in the Dongting Lake Region and the Global Sea Surface Temperature 被引量:1
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作者 彭莉莉 罗伯良 张超 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2010年第11期28-32,共5页
By dint of the summer precipitation data from 21 stations in the Dongting Lake region during 1960-2008 and the sea surface temperature(SST) data from NOAA,the spatial and temporal distributions of summer precipitation... By dint of the summer precipitation data from 21 stations in the Dongting Lake region during 1960-2008 and the sea surface temperature(SST) data from NOAA,the spatial and temporal distributions of summer precipitation and their correlations with SST are analyzed.The coupling relationship between the anomalous distribution in summer precipitation and the variation of SST has between studied with the Singular Value Decomposition(SVD) analysis.The increase or decrease of summer precipitation in the Dongting Lake region is closely associated with the SST anomalies in three key regions.The variation of SST in the three key regions has been proved to be a significant previous signal to anomaly of summer rainfall in Dongting region. 展开更多
关键词 Summer precipitation Sea surface temperature(SST) Singular value Decomposition(SVD) analysis Dongting Lake China
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An Intercomparison of Rules for Testing the Significance of Coupled Modes of Singular Value Decomposition Analysis 被引量:2
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作者 李芳 曾庆存 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2007年第2期199-212,共14页
This paper clarifies the essence of the significance test of singular value decomposition analysis (SVD), and investigates four rules for testing the significance of coupled modes of SVD, including parallel analysis... This paper clarifies the essence of the significance test of singular value decomposition analysis (SVD), and investigates four rules for testing the significance of coupled modes of SVD, including parallel analysis, nonparametric bootstrap, random-phase test, and a new rule named modified parallel analysis. A numerical experiment is conducted to quantitatively compare the performance of the four rules in judging whether a coupled mode of SVD is significant as parameters such as the sample size, the number of grid points, and the signal-to-noise ratio vary. The results show that the four rules perform better with lower ratio of the number of grid points to sample size. Modified parallel analysis and nonparametric bootstrap perform best to abandon the spurious coupled modes, but the latter is better than the former to retain the significant coupled modes when the sample size is not much larger than the number of grid points. Parallel analysis and random-phase test are robust to abandon the spurious coupled modes only when either (1) the observations at the grid points are spatially uncorrelated, or (2) the coupled signal is very strong for parallel analysis and is not weak for random-phase test. The reasons affecting the accuracy of the test rules are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 singular value decomposition analysis significance test
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PHYSICAL VALUE MAPPING ALGORITHM OF MESH IN FINE CAE ANALYSIS OF AUTOMOBILE BODY STRUCTURE 被引量:2
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作者 Hu Ping Gong Kejia Bao Yidong 《Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2005年第3期338-341,共4页
A physical value mapping (PVM) algorithm based on finite element mesh from the stamped part in stamping process to the product is presented, In order to improve the efficiency of the PVM algorithm, a search way from... A physical value mapping (PVM) algorithm based on finite element mesh from the stamped part in stamping process to the product is presented, In order to improve the efficiency of the PVM algorithm, a search way from the mesh of the product to the mesh of the stamped part will be adopted. At the same time, the search process is divided into two steps: entire search (ES) and local search (LS), which improve the searching efficiency. The searching area is enlarged to avoid missing projection elements in ES process. An arc-length method is introduced in LS process. The validity is confirmed by the results of the complex industry-forming product. 展开更多
关键词 Fine CAE analysis of auto body structure Finite element mesh Arc method Physical value mapping
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Accuracy Assignment Study of Tank Fire Control System Based on Value Analysis Method
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作者 窦丽华 张佳 陈杰 《Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology》 EI CAS 2006年第4期411-415,共5页
A method of accuracy assignment based on value analysis method (VAM) in tank fire control system (TFCS) is proposed. From the analysis of primary error sources and their error transfer relationships, the mathemati... A method of accuracy assignment based on value analysis method (VAM) in tank fire control system (TFCS) is proposed. From the analysis of primary error sources and their error transfer relationships, the mathematical model is built on the basis of VAM to solve the accuracy assignment problem. Simulation results show the validation and feasibility of the proposed method. It can help designer of tank fire control system work out an optimal system more efficiently and more economically. 展开更多
关键词 tank fire control system(TFCS) accuracy assignment value analysis method(VAM)
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Value Analysis and Protective Planning of Famous Historical and Cultural Villages: A Case Study of Ancient Sangyuan Village in Jishui County, Jiangxi Province
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作者 LUO Yi 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2016年第5期123-126,共4页
Through analyzing historical value of patriarchal society, village layout, and characteristic folk dwel ings in Ancient Sangyuan Village, Jishui County, Jiangxi Province, this paper proposed the protective planning ba... Through analyzing historical value of patriarchal society, village layout, and characteristic folk dwel ings in Ancient Sangyuan Village, Jishui County, Jiangxi Province, this paper proposed the protective planning based on the gist of protecting villagers' benefits, applied classified protection of buildings, enhanced water protection and landscape design, and tried to carry out its intangible cultures via folk custom activities, in order to further develop the value of its historical and cultural resources. 展开更多
关键词 Famous historical and cultural village value analysis Protective planning Ancient Sangyuan Vil age
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Value Analysis among the Parties on Imported Product in Indonesia Using Process Activity Mapping: Freight Forwarder, Distributor, and Retailer
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作者 Megita Ryanjani Tanuputri Ravipim Chaveesuk Adi Djoko Guritno 《Journal of Food Science and Engineering》 2017年第5期274-282,共9页
National logistics system in Indonesia can be categorized as inefficient logistics system due to current number of non-value added (NVA) activities. The unreliable National logistics system and the complexity of dis... National logistics system in Indonesia can be categorized as inefficient logistics system due to current number of non-value added (NVA) activities. The unreliable National logistics system and the complexity of distribution system are the big obstacles. This study aims to analyze the value and to propose recommendation for further improvement of National distribution system for imported product. This study employed convenience sampling through in-depth interview to analyze the activity in freight forwarder (FF), distributor and retailer. To demonstrate and analyze the activity process in each party, Process Activity Mapping (PAM) was used as a tool. The study results showed that the delivery speed in Jakarta (8.4 min/km) is slower than that of Surabaya (6.6 min/km). The government support through creating adequate infrastructure, good bureaucracy system and good collaboration directly affects the activities of FF, distributor and retailer. Improving FF performance in a timely and reliable manner is required to reduce errors that may occur. Moreover, encouraging the practice of cold chain management is also necessary in distributing the product throughout Indonesia. The pull strategy can be chosen by retailer to eliminate storage activity. Meanwhile, the use of information technology (IT) system is essential to encourage better inventory management, database management and sharing information in distributor and retailer stage. 展开更多
关键词 value analysis import Indonesia logistics system process activity mapping.
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APPLICATION OF THERMAL ANALYSIS TO THE QUICK DETERMINATION OF THE PROXIMATE ANALYSIS ITEMS AND CALORIC VALUE FOR COAL
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作者 Zhen Ku GUO Lan Xiang MENG China Commodity Inspection Institute,Beijing,100025Xin Yu REN Ya Zhong ZHANG Qinhuangdao Commodity Inspection Bureau,Hebei Province,066002 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1993年第10期921-924,共4页
A research on the application of a TG-DTA(thermal gravimetry aifferential thermal analysis)to the quick determination of moisture,organic volatile fixed carbon,ash and caloric value for coal is described.
关键词 APPLICATION OF THERMAL analysis TO THE QUICK DETERMINATION OF THE PROXIMATE analysis ITEMS AND CALORIC value FOR COAL DTA QUICK
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Analysis and Investigation on the Core Competitiveness of Textile and Underwear Industry in the Mainland and Taiwan of China and Myanmar under the Global Value Chain
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作者 Haichao Wu Lan Luo +3 位作者 Yingshan Zeng Rudan Wang Yue Zhang Chien Chi Chu 《Journal of Sustainable Business and Economics》 2022年第2期22-34,共13页
All the way in the “area”, “comprehensive economic partnership agreement” (RCEP), Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) free trade area, the main economic corridor construction under the background of suc... All the way in the “area”, “comprehensive economic partnership agreement” (RCEP), Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) free trade area, the main economic corridor construction under the background of success, the mainland and Taiwan of China and southeast Asia has established the important relations of cooperation, industries are beginning to consider labor costs, raw materials, using the regional to invest policy and market comparative advantage. This paper starts from the investigation of Topline’s core competitiveness in China and Myanmar, and focuses on the analysis of lingerie industry in China and Myanmar, and the analysis of women’s underwear industry from the perspective of global value chain (GVC). Through the data analysis of the questionnaire survey, this paper summarizes the problems existing in the current situation of the industry, uses the intermediary analysis to analyze the correlation between the two variables, reveals the role of the core competitiveness of enterprises, and uses the GVC theory to analyze the problems existing in the industry of enterprises and their causes. According to relevant theories, the optimization path of enterprise value chain is put forward. 展开更多
关键词 Global value chain analysis The questionnaire survey Textile industry Southeast Asia Intermediary role
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Analysis on the effective way of realizing the Chinese dream with the help of the socialist core values
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作者 Zheng hanyin 《International Journal of Technology Management》 2016年第9期67-69,共3页
The eighteen Party Congress report pointed out that the essence of socialist core value system is the socialist core values, the value orientation of “prosperity, democracy, civilization, harmony, freedom, equality, ... The eighteen Party Congress report pointed out that the essence of socialist core value system is the socialist core values, the value orientation of “prosperity, democracy, civilization, harmony, freedom, equality, justice, rule of law, patriotism, dedication, integrity, kindness”. The comprehensive construction of a well-off society, the development of China socialism, in-depth implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, people-oriented, to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation Chinese dream is the common aspiration of the people of all ethnic groups in the future and direction of the party, is the focus of future work in a period of time. The realization of “China dream”, to lead the socialist core value system and promote the socialist core values into the socialist reform and construction aspects, realize the comprehensive development of politics, economy, culture and society, promote the construction of ecological civilization. Based on this background, in this paper, the author will be the main socialist core values to achieve the “Chinese dream” theme of the path analysis. 展开更多
关键词 "Chinese dream" socialist core value system path analysis
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Small ruminant value chain in Al-Ruwaished District,Jordan
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作者 Rula AWAD Hosam TITI +2 位作者 Aziza MOHAMED-BRAHMI Mohamed JAOUAD Aziza GASMI-BOUBAKER 《Regional Sustainability》 2023年第4期416-424,共9页
This study aims to assess the small ruminant value chain in Al-Ruwaished District,Jordan,to identify the potential intervention areas that could improve the production efficiency and guarantee the sustainability of th... This study aims to assess the small ruminant value chain in Al-Ruwaished District,Jordan,to identify the potential intervention areas that could improve the production efficiency and guarantee the sustainability of the small ruminant sector in this area.Sheep breeding is the source of livelihood for most of the people in Al-Ruwaished District,which is characterized by the large number of sheep and goats.We surveyed 5.0% of the small ruminant holders in the study area and conducted individual interviews and surveys with the potential actors in the value chain to undertake a small ruminant value chain analysis.From the survey,we found that the small ruminant value chain consists of five core functions,namely,input supply,production management,marketing,processing,and consumption.Despite the stable impression given by the large number of holdings in the small ruminant sector,the surveyed results show a clear fragility in the value chain of small ruminants in this area.The small ruminant production system is negatively impacted by climate change,especially continuous drought.In addition,the high prices of feed that the farmer cannot afford with clear and real absence of the governmental and non-governmental support activities also impact the development of the value chain.The results of strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats(SWOT)analysis reveal that the major constraints faced by this value chain could be divided into external and internal threats.Specifically,the most prominent external threats are the nature of the desert land and continuous drought,while the major internal threats are the absence of appropriate infrastructure,shortage of inputs,and weakness in the production management and marketing.We proposed solutions to these challenges to ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of the sector,such as the formulation of emergency response plans to severe weather,qualifying farmers’skills,and establishment of agricultural cooperative societies. 展开更多
关键词 value chain analysis Small ruminants Strengths weaknesses opportunities and threats(SWOT)analysis Climate change Livestock production management JORDAN
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Value of Tongue Color Combined with Sublingual Microcirculation in Predicting the Severity of Mild to Moderate Acute Cerebral Infarction
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作者 赵帅 张勇 +3 位作者 高伟 李静波 姜婧 张鹏翎 《World Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine》 2023年第4期31-35,共5页
Objective:To explore the value of tongue color combined with sublingual microcirculation in predicting the severity of mild to moderate acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods:From January to December 2022,90 patients ... Objective:To explore the value of tongue color combined with sublingual microcirculation in predicting the severity of mild to moderate acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods:From January to December 2022,90 patients with ACI were admitted to the Department of Neurology of Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine.According to the NHISS score on the 5th day of admission,the patients were divided into mild group(35 cases)and moderate group(55 cases).The changes of tongue color and arterial lactate on the 5th day of admission were observed and monitored.Side-stream dark field imaging(SDF)was used to determine the total vascular density(TVD),perfused vascular density(PVD),perfused vascular ratio(PPV)and microvascular flow index(MFI).The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors for the severity of ACI,and the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)to evaluate their values in predicting ACI severity.Results:There was no significant difference in lactate between the two groups(P>0.05),and the frequency of red tongue in the mild group was higher,and the frequency of red tongue in the moderate group was significantly higher in the dark tongue group(P<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PVD and PPV were independent risk factors for the severity of mild to moderate ACI(P<0.05).The ROC curve analysis showed that an area under the curve of 0.832 was achieved by the combination of PVD and PPV,which was larger than that of a single factor.Conclusion:Tongue color combined with sublingual microcirculation can be combined to predict the severity of mild to moderate ACI. 展开更多
关键词 Acute cerebral infarction Tongue color Sublingual microcirculation Sidestream dark vision value analysis
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An Audit of Constraints and Opportunities in Kenya's Livestock Export Value Chain
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作者 Patrick Irungu Peter Ithondeka +3 位作者 Esther Wafula Sabenzia Wekesa Hezron Wesonga Thomas Manga 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B)》 2014年第2期102-120,共19页
For a long time Kenya has desired to access lucrative export markets for her livestock products. Although this desire matches the growing global demand for livestock products and increasing interest in livestock produ... For a long time Kenya has desired to access lucrative export markets for her livestock products. Although this desire matches the growing global demand for livestock products and increasing interest in livestock products from Kenya by livestock deficient countries, Kenya has not been able to meet the expressed demand. The reasons for this failure have not been sufficiently documented. This study used the value chain approach to assess and document the factors that limit Kenya's export trade in livestock. Questionnaire interviews were undertaken with livestock producers, traders, processors and importers. Producers cited livestock diseases, poor roads, drought, livestock theft and insecurity as the main constraints to livestock supply. Livestock traders mentioned high cost and delays in obtaining movement permits, rent-seeking and disturbance by government officials along the stock routes as some of the constraints. Processors on the other hand mentioned Kenya's failure to meet the international sanitary requirements. The only importer interviewed indicated that trade restrictions, Kenya's inability to control livestock diseases and distance were the main constraints to increased livestock trade with Kenya. Stakeholders in Kenya's livestock export value chain should address these and other constraints in order to revitalize this vital sector. 展开更多
关键词 Livestock export trade value chain analysis Kenya.
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THE BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS OF ELLIPTICSYSTEM (E_1) ON THE UNBOUNDED DOMAIN
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作者 陶继成 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2002年第1期123-130,共8页
This paper discusses three kinds of BVPs of elliptic system (E1) on the complementary domain of disk. The results, based on Fourier analysis method. not only enrich the results of reference [1]. but also are of both t... This paper discusses three kinds of BVPs of elliptic system (E1) on the complementary domain of disk. The results, based on Fourier analysis method. not only enrich the results of reference [1]. but also are of both theoretical and practical interest. 展开更多
关键词 Boundary value problem. Fourier analysis
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Analysis of Service Delivery Improvement of Manufactured Products with Lean Method Management
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作者 M.Tirtana Siregar Gilang Yoga Samodra 《Journal of Management Science & Engineering Research》 2020年第2期26-30,共5页
This study aimed to determine the waste that occurs in activities from receiving to delivering of finished products that can result in delays in the delivery of audio to Japan.The waste identified is limited to activi... This study aimed to determine the waste that occurs in activities from receiving to delivering of finished products that can result in delays in the delivery of audio to Japan.The waste identified is limited to activities in the finished goods warehouse.The problem that occurs is the delay in product delivery,because the product is not ready to be delivered so that it causes delays.The lean approach is used to reduce waste in the overall work process activities in the finished goods warehouse.Waste identification was performed through the 7 waste approach.Process Activity Mapping is one of the tools of VALSAT,and is looking for critical waste to find the root cause of waste.Delay can be minimized by making improvements to the layout of the warehouse and routine inspection of goods transporters.Companies should use lean to reduce the waste that occurs so there is no delay in the delivery of audio products. 展开更多
关键词 DISTRIBUTION LEAN value Stream analysis Delivery Quality
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Are the Methods of the Net Present Value Rate and Net Annual Value Rate the Effective Scheme Comparison Methods
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作者 Guojie Zhao Gang Lu 《Chinese Business Review》 2005年第8期78-81,共4页
As for the dispute about the best-choosing method of mutually-exclusive scheme and index selection, this text proves that there is an error to make a point that using net present value rate or net annual value rate, t... As for the dispute about the best-choosing method of mutually-exclusive scheme and index selection, this text proves that there is an error to make a point that using net present value rate or net annual value rate, the most scientific and effective method is chain-system differential analysis and the most short-cutting method is the method of net annual value, to select the NA V maximum scheme. 展开更多
关键词 mutually exclusive scheme net present value net annual value chain system differential analysis
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Research Progress of the Planning Methods of Prior Conservation Areas
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作者 汤燕 陶国庆 谷勋刚 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第2期398-404,共7页
The planning of prior conservation areas is an important part of nature re- serve system, :it is of great significance for biodiversity conservation. The methods of priority planning include hot-spots analysis, gap a... The planning of prior conservation areas is an important part of nature re- serve system, :it is of great significance for biodiversity conservation. The methods of priority planning include hot-spots analysis, gap analysis, systematic conservation planning analysis and multi-criteria decision analysis. The key issues of priority area planning include the determination of the protect objects, the analyses of the protec- tion value and protection cost, the win-win development of protection and economy, and the changes of the management strategies of the protected areas. In this study, the features and research progress of different conservation methods were analyzed, and based on the discussion on the key issues of the planning of the protected areas, the application prospect of different methods was analyzed. 展开更多
关键词 The planning of the protected areas Prior conservation areas System- atic conservation planning Multi-criteria decision analysis Protection value
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Estimating extreme temperature differences in steel box girder using long-term measurement data 被引量:5
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作者 丁幼亮 王高新 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2013年第9期2537-2545,共9页
The extreme temperature differences in fiat steel box girder of a cable-stayed bridge were studied.Firstly,by using the long-term measurement data collected by the structural health monitoring system installed on the ... The extreme temperature differences in fiat steel box girder of a cable-stayed bridge were studied.Firstly,by using the long-term measurement data collected by the structural health monitoring system installed on the Runyang Cable-stayed Bridge,the daily variations as well as seasonal ones of measured temperature differences in the box girder cross-section area were summarized.The probability distribution models of temperature differences were further established and the extreme temperature differences were estimated with a return period of 100 years.Finally,the temperature difference models in cross-section area were proposed for bridge thermal design.The results show that horizontal temperature differences in top plate and vertical temperature differences between top plate and bottom plate are considerable.All the positive and negative temperature differences can be described by the weighted sum of two Weibull distributions.The maximum positive and negative horizontal temperature differences in top plate are 10.30 ℃ and -13.80 ℃,respectively.And the maximum positive and negative vertical temperature differences between top plate and bottom plate are 17.30 ℃ and-3.70 ℃,respectively.For bridge thermal design,there are two vertical temperature difference models between top plate and bottom plate,and six horizontal temperature difference models in top plate. 展开更多
关键词 structural health monitoring cable-stayed bridge steel box girder temperature difference extreme value analysis
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Wind-wave hindcast in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea from the year 1988 to 2002 被引量:12
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作者 HE Hailun XU Yao 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第3期46-53,共8页
We performed long-term wind-wave hindcast in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea from the year 1988 to 2002, and then analyzed the regional wave climate. Comparisons between model results and satellite data are generally... We performed long-term wind-wave hindcast in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea from the year 1988 to 2002, and then analyzed the regional wave climate. Comparisons between model results and satellite data are generally consistent on monthly mean significant wave height. Then we discuss the temporal and spatial characteristics of the climatological monthly mean significant wave heights and mean wave periods. The climatologically spatial patterns are observed as increasing from northwest to southeast and from offshore to deep-water area for both significant wave height and mean wave period, and the patterns are highly related to the wind forcing and local topography. Seasonal variations of wave parameters are also significant. Furthermore, we compute the extreme values of wind and significant wave height using statistical methods. Results reveal the spatial patterns of N-year return significant wave height in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea, and we discuss the relationship between extreme values of significant wave height and wind forcing. 展开更多
关键词 wave climate extreme value analysis the Yellow Sea wave hindcast WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ
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Relationship Between North Pacific SST Anomalies and the Atmospheric Circulation Anomalies in January 2008 被引量:1
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作者 WANG Jianbo FAN Lei LIU Qinyu 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS 2010年第1期11-15,共5页
Based on the NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) data,the relationship between the Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTAs) in the North Pacific and the atmospheric circulation anomalies in January 2... Based on the NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) data,the relationship between the Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTAs) in the North Pacific and the atmospheric circulation anomalies in January 2008 is analyzed in this study.The SSTA mode most correlated with the Geopotential Height anomalies (GHAs) in January 2008 in the North Pacific exhibited a basin-wide horseshoe pattern with a warm center in November 2007.This persistent SSTA pattern would induce positive GHAs in the Aleutian Low area and East Asia and the northward extension of the West Pacific Subtropical High in January 2008 by maximum diabatic heating in the atmosphere over the Kuroshio Oyashio Extension (KOE) area,leading to the occurence of the circumpolar trough-ridge wave train anomaly in January 2008. 展开更多
关键词 North Pacific sea surface temperature geopotential height Singular value Decomposition analysis
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The Building of Papermaking Enterprise's Recycling Economy Evaluation Index System Based on Value Flow Analysis 被引量:1
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作者 Zhi-fang Zhou Jing Ou +1 位作者 Sha-sha Wang Xiao-hong Chen 《Frontiers of Engineering Management》 2016年第1期9-17,共9页
At present,the research on circular economy has made a lot of substantive results both at home and abroad.But for the papermaking enterprise,which is the representative of the light industry,few studies have analyzed ... At present,the research on circular economy has made a lot of substantive results both at home and abroad.But for the papermaking enterprise,which is the representative of the light industry,few studies have analyzed the evaluation index system of circular economy.Since the current material flow analyses have limitations that the researchers cannot calculate materials with different units.The authors take advantage of the intrinsic correlation between the basic principle of value flow analysis and circular economy,and then analyze the dynamic changes of material flow and value flow through enterprises internal production process.Considering the resource output,the authors set up the layered structure of the evaluation index system,and then preliminarily determine the index form.Next,the authors use the frequency statistics analysis method to adjust indicators,forming a preliminary index system.After that,the principal component analysis and independent analysis are applied for screening.Finally,the authors build a circular economy evaluation index system for papermaking enterprise to provide scientific guidance for the process of circular economy. 展开更多
关键词 circular economy the papermaking enterprise material flow analysis value flow analysis evaluation index system
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