COLLISION AVOIDANCE DECISION-MAKING MODEL OF MULTI-AGENTS IN VIRTUAL DRIVING ENVIRONMENT WITH ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS

Collision avoidance decision-making models of multiple agents in virtual driving environment are studied. Based on the behavioral characteristics and hierarchical structure of the collision avoidance decision-making in real life driving, delphi approach and mathematical statistics method are introduced to construct pair-wise comparison judgment matrix of collision avoidance decision choices to each collision situation. Analytic hierarchy process （AHP） is adopted to establish the agents＇ collision avoidance decision-making model. To simulate drivers＇ characteristics, driver factors are added to categorize driving modes into impatient mode, normal mode, and the cautious mode. The results show that this model can simulate human＇s thinking process, and the agents in the virtual environment can deal with collision situations and make decisions to avoid collisions without intervention. The model can also reflect diversity and uncertainly of real life driving behaviors, and solves the multi-objective, multi-choice ranking priority problem in multi-vehicle collision scenarios. This collision avoidance model of multi-agents model is feasible and effective, and can provide richer and closer-to-life virtual scene for driving simulator, reflecting real-life traffic environment more truly, this model can also promote the practicality of driving simulator.

Decision-Making in a Governmental Healthcare Organization by Analytic Hierarchy Process

This paper contains research on strategic decision-making in a local government. In a profit-oriented organization, the option that maximizes profits tends involve reaching an agreement between stakeholders. However, there is tendency for stakeholders to differ in their beliefs as to what is desirable particularly in a non-profit organization. In a local government, it is especially difficult for the interests of a stakeholder group to be completely in agreement. This research considers the use of the analytical hierarchy process （Saaty, 1971） as a solution for one of the difficulties of decision-making in a local government. This research is a case study to explore the strategy of a local Japanese healthcare management organization. The conclusion was drawn to decide which strategic option should be taken by using the analytical hierarchy process. Also, it was found what to work on a countermeasure that prevents the negative effects that are generated by selecting the strategic option.

Evaluation of Productive Plant Landscapes in Cold Regions Based on a Multiple Cropping Model

Four varieties of each rapeseed and buckwheat were planted in different sowing periods to explore a variety of planting patterns.A theoretical foundation was provided for the innovative application of cold region productive plant landscapes.The analytic hierarchy process was employed to develop a model for the evaluation of multiple cropping systems.A comprehensive evaluation was conducted to study 10 indicators in plant type,flower color,flowering period,flower volume,branch coverage,plot average yield,number of grains per plant,yield per plant,thousand-grain quality and ecological adaptability in four different varieties of each rapeseed and buckwheat.The results indicated that flower color,ecological adaptability,plot average yield and flower volume were the most important indicators for the value of productive plant landscapes in cold regions.Concerning the sowing period,the optimal combination of varieties and planting times were March 31 for Qingza No.5(rapeseed)and July 18 for Xinong T1211(buckwheat).

The Discussion of Analytic Hierarchy Process for Quantitative Type Multiple Attribute Decision Systems Analysis

In this paper,we discussed quantitative type multiple attribute decision problem with rank scale and Analytic Hierarchy Process. It not only is a reasonable generalization of Analytic Hierarchy Process in multiple attribute decision problem, but also provide a effective method for quantitative type multiple attribute decision problem.

Sustainable food waste management using modified fuzzy improved analytic hierarchy process:a study of Malaysia

Food waste generation is a pressing issue that requires urgent attention and concerted efforts worldwide.The staggering amount of food wasted each year not only wastes valuable resources but also exacerbates environmental,economic,and social challenges.Food Waste Management(FWM)consists of a complex array of criteria and sub-criteria,and treatments which seems interdependent.There is a need to evaluate the FWM with the help of important criteria and sub-criteria and treatments to address this challenge.In this study,we identified four important criteria,21 sub-criteria,and four alternatives of FWM for the case of Malaysia using the integrated approach of literature review and expert opinions.Further,we employed the approach of Modified Fuzzy Improved Analytical Hierarchy Process(IAHP)to corroborate the interrelationships among the identified criteria and sub-criteria,and their associated treatments.This study undertakes linear normalization methods to transform data into comparable numerical values and the Geometric Mean method to handle uncertainty in human judgments.Moreover,the Centroid method is employed to convert fuzzy weights into crisp sets for ease of interpretation.The results indicate that environmental is the most essential criterion,followed by social,economic,and technical.In addition,air and water pollution is identified as the most critical sub-criteria.Black Soldier Fly is discovered as the most sustainable FWM treatment,since it performs the best while meeting all the criteria and sub-criteria assessed.Sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the outputs from the proposed method are robust and reliable.The finding suggests a proper and robust approach to help decision-makers select suitable FWM treatments to tackle various criteria and alternatives especially when handling inconsistent and uncertain judgments during evaluation.

Dual worth trade-off method and its application for solving multiple criteria decision making problems

To overcome the limitations of the traditional surrogate worth trade-off （SWT） method and solve the multiple criteria decision making problem more efficiently and interactively, a new method labeled dual worth tradeoff （DWT） method is proposed. The DWT method dynamically uses the duality theory related to the multiple criteria decision making problem and analytic hierarchy process technique to obtain the decision maker＇s solution preference information and finally find the satisfactory compromise solution of the decision maker. Through the interactive process between the analyst and the decision maker, trade-off information is solicited and treated properly, the representative subset of efficient solutions and the satisfactory solution to the problem are found. The implementation procedure for the DWT method is presented. The effectiveness and applicability of the DWT method are shown by a practical case study in the field of production scheduling.

A STUDY ON DECISION-MAKING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS FOR REGIONAL WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

On the basis of overall analysis, this Paper, taking Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region as an example, tries to find out main environmental problems caused by water resources development and to discuss the mitigaive measures of the environmental impacts. The Paper, by means of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP, builds a multiple-hierarchy decision-making model including godl, water resources, environmental impact factors and mitigative measures. This study is very significant for alleviating and solving the problems of water resources-environmental system in the region.

A Quantity Model for Controlling and Measuring Software Quality Based on the Expert Decision-Making Algorithm

Researchers have been active in the field of software engineering measurement over more than 30 years. The software quality product is becoming increasingly important in the computerized society. Target setting in software quality function and usability deployment are essential since they are directly related to development of high quality products with high customer satisfaction. Software quality can be measured as the degree to which a particular software program complies with consumer demand regarding function and characteristics. Target setting is usually subjective in practice, which is unscientific. Therefore, this study proposes a quantity model for controlling and measuring software quality via the expert decision-making algorithm-based method for constructing an evaluation method can provide software in relation to users and purchasers, thus enabling administrators or decision makers to identify the most appropriate software quality. Importantly, the proposed model can provide s users and purchasers a reference material, making it highly applicable for academic and government purposes.

Using DEA and AHP for Multiplicative Aggregation of Hierarchical Indicators

The author [Pakkar, M.S. (2014) Using Data Envelopment Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process to Construct Composite Indicators. Journal of Applied Operational Research, 6(3), 174-187.] recently proposed a multiplicative approach using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to reflect the priority weights of indicators in constructing composite indicators (CIs). Nonetheless, this approach is limited to the situations with a single level hierarchy which might not satisfy the needs of a multiple level hierarchy. Therefore, the current paper extends this approach to the situations in which the indicators of similar characteristics can be grouped into sub-categories and further linked into categories to form a three-level hierarchical structure. An illustrative example of road safety performance for a set of European countries highlights the usefulness of the proposed “extended approach”.

多场景下基于AHP-EWM的人体健康状态评估模型研究

为解决人体健康评估方法个性化监测不足的问题以及在满足不同场景下健康状态精细化评估的需求,需要一种基于多场景的人体健康状态评估方法来实现长期自动化监测。提出一种基于层次分析法(AHP)和熵权法(EWM)组合的多场景人体健康状态评估模型。首先采集人体在运动、休息、工作/学习和娱乐等4种不同场景下的健康监测指标数据,构建相应的评估指标体系。然后分别根据评估指标计算出AHP和EWM权重,再采用量子粒子群优化(QPSO)算法对AHP和EWM中的主客观权重进行分配,以确保评价指标占比的客观性。最后通过模糊综合评价法对人体健康状态进行评估和量化,并利用实际监测数据对方法的可靠性和稳定性进行验证。实验结果表明,在4种场景下所提方法的综合得分分别为63.78、59.83、58.71和59.21,表明在不同场景下该模型都具有较好的准确性和稳定性。根据评估结果,对测试者的身体状态评价结果进行分析,并给出一些健康建议。所提模型可全面了解人体在不同场景下的健康状况,并为人们提供科学的健康指导,从而为健康管理和疾病预防提供科学依据。

密室逃脱类场所人员疏散影响因素研究

准确识别火灾等突发事件时影响密室逃脱类场所人员疏散的因素,并客观系统分析因素间的层次关系和重要程度,对密室逃脱类场所的应急疏散至关重要。基于密室逃脱类场所行业规范和现状,从人员、建筑结构、环境、消防管理4个维度提取了26个影响因素,采用AISM(对抗解释结构模型)及MICMAC(交叉影响矩阵相乘法)构建密室逃脱类场所人员疏散影响因素3级递阶结构模型,综合分析因素间作用关系,并分析因素与管理层、运营层、玩家层3类主体对应责任关系,然后联合ANP(网络层次分析法)确定各影响因素的权重和排序。结果表明:影响密室逃脱类场所人员疏散的深层根本因素主要为制度与规程编制完备性、密室剧情类型、空间组合形式、空间嵌套层数等,其可通过驱动密室场所经营位置、门锁联动性、空间内部昏暗度、道具种类与数量、NPC(非玩家角色)疏散引导能力等中层特性影响因素优化,规范消防设施完备性、应急预案编制情况、安全教育与培训情况等关键共性影响因素,最终提升玩家应急疏散能力。

河流岸线生态服务功能评价指标体系与评价方法研究

河流岸线是构成河流自然生态空间的重要组成部分,近年来受人为活动影响,河流岸线生态服务功能受到破坏,为精准开展河流岸线修复,亟需制定有针对性的河流岸线生态服务功能评价指标体系和评价方法。对河流岸线的类型、结构进行了分析,在国内相关研究成果以及水利、生态环境、海洋等行业有关技术规范的基础上,依据科学性、全面性、独立性和可操作性原则,经过初步梳理和综合遴选筛选了河流岸线生态功能评价指标;综合相关技术规范以及研究成果,确定了各评价指标的效用赋值,并制定河流岸线生态服务功能评价方法。结果表明:1)河流岸线可分为生态保护型岸线与生态修复型岸线,前者可细分为植被良好型、沙漠型以及岩石型3类,后者可细分为堤防型、农田型、村落型、养殖塘型、城镇型、河口型以及复合型7类。河流岸线具有防洪、控制侵蚀、保护水质、生物栖息、景观功能5项生态服务功能。2)构建的河流岸线生态服务功能评价指标体系包括目标层、准则层和指标层,其中目标层为河流岸线生态服务功能,准则层为河流岸线所具备的5项生态服务功能,指标层包括防洪达标率、堤防安全、植被覆盖率、岸坡稳定性、排污口布局合理程度、生态缓冲带状况、生物多样性指数、植物群落状况、水鸟状况、景观生态价值、景观舒适度11项评价指标,对各项指标根据总体评价进行五级效能赋值。3)运用层次分析法确定各评价指标的权重,采用多属性效用理论计算河流岸线生态服务功能综合指数,将河流岸线生态服务功能划分为优、良、中、差、极差5个等级,以评价河流岸线生态服务功能状况。研究可为识别河流岸线生态问题、评估河流岸线生态修复成效、健全河流岸线管理长效机制等提供依据和参考。

高比例光伏接入的配电网多层级反向重过载风险评估

随着高比例光伏接入配电网,愈加复杂的潮流分布给配电网带来反向重过载风险,影响配电网安全稳定运行。为准确评估高比例光伏接入下配电网各电压等级的反向重过载风险大小、明析反向重过载风险来源,首先建立了高比例光伏接入的配电网“台区-馈线-变电站”反向重过载风险评估指标体系;其次,采用基于熵权法和层次分析法的组合赋权法为各指标赋权;最后,对基于湖南某地实际网络拓扑改进的配电网案例进行仿真分析,验证了所提方法的有效性。此外,所提出的方法能有效分析不同分布式光伏接入位置下的配电网反向重过载风险情况,对电力系统风险评估及治理具有参考意义。

龙羊峡冷水鱼养殖气象服务效益评估

针对冷水鱼养殖中的气象服务,效益的评估是判断预报能力的技术之一。为提高冷水鱼养殖业的生产效益和应对气象灾害的能力,以龙羊峡冷水养殖为研究对象,提出冷水鱼养殖气象服务效益评估方法,综合分析冷水鱼养殖区域实际情况与气象服务关键影响因素,从气象服务质量与气象服务绩效两方面出发,选取气象数据准确性以及冷水鱼养殖产量增减等8个评估指标,构建冷水鱼养殖气象服务效益评估指标体系。利用属性层次分析模型计算评估指标权重,采用逆推法构建效益评估模型,并确定无法避免损失因子、气象服务质量和绩效指标参数,获取气象服务效益评估值。结果显示该方法能够有效计算出气象服务效益评估结果,得出冷水鱼养殖业的投入产出比,在冷水鱼养殖中具有一定的实用价值。

Multi-criteria decision-making method for evaluation of investment in enhanced geothermal systems projects

Deep geothermal energy presents large untapped renewable energy potential could significantly contribute to global energy needs. However, developing geothermal projects involves uncertainties regarding adequate geothermal brine extraction and huge costs related to preparation phases and consequently drilling and stimulation activities. Therefore, evaluating utilization alternatives of such projects is a complex decision-making problem effectively addressed using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. This study introduces the MCDM method utilizing analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and weighted decision matrix (WDM) to assess different utilization alternatives (electricity generation, direct heat use and cogeneration). The AHP method determines the weight of each criterion and sub-criterion, while the WDM calculates the final project grade. Five criteria groups - technological, geological, economic, societal and environmental – comprising twenty-eight influencing factors were selected and used for the assessment of investment in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) projects. The AHP-WDM method was used by 38 experts from six categories: industry, educational institution, research and technology organization (RTO), small- and medium-sized enterprises (SME), local community and other. These diverse expert inputs aimed to capture varying perspectives and knowledge influence investment decisions in geothermal energy. The results were analysed accordingly. The results underscore the importance of incorporating different viewpoints to develop robust, credible, and effective investment strategies for EGS projects. Therefore, this method will contribute to more efficient EGS project development, enabling thus a greater penetration of the EGS into the market. Additionally, the proposed AHP-WDM method was implemented for a case study examining two locations. Locations were assessed and compared on scenario-based evaluation. The results confirmed the method's adequacy for assessing various end uses and comparing project feasibility across different locations.

基于层次分析法和属性约简的配网带电作业安全性量化评估方法

针对因配网带电作业环境中特征难提取、指标权重计算误差大导致的评估难度高问题,提出一种基于层次分析法和属性约简的安全性量化评估方法来实现有效解决。采用线性关联分析法,求解与作业安全性之间存在线性关联的安全量化指标:带电运行状态、运行年限、设备故障率以及配网带电过载率,给出计算公式,并求得具体属性表达。建立层次分析法和属性简约相融合的安全性量化评估方法,将得到的量化指标作为影响因子,给出与每个层次都对应的评价指标,建立评级等级,实行评估指标对比,设计判定矩阵和权重计算矩阵,将作业参数代入求得加权数值,实现有效评估。实验结果证明,所提方法对配网带电作业的安全性评估精准度较高,具有较强的鲁棒性和可靠性,实用效果较佳。

基于用户偏好的反馈式停车场车位推荐模型研究

为缓解城市停车难题,提升停车场智能化水平,提出了一种车位推荐算法,通过从用户和系统两个方面考虑,采用用户个人打分的AHP方法,充分考虑用户个性化偏好,同时加入占用率作为约束,兼顾系统均衡,为停车者提供停车位推荐方案,并可根据用户实际选择,引入多重约束条件,通过Lagrange乘数法,进行权重调整,提高算法准确性。本算法的应用将提升用户停车体验、改善场内交通拥堵、提高停车场运行效率和抗风险能力,提高路网交通韧性。

基于层次分析法的购物中心多种经营点位设计质量评价

购物中心室内多种经营点位设计质量对顾客吸引力、停留时间和经营坪效均有影响。首先,研究基于层次分析法建立了5个准则层及15个指标层。其次,通过对18位专家的打分结果论证,得出交通通达性是最为重要的因素,之后依次为总体形象、照明设计、道具陈列、标识设计。总体权重方面,指标层的开放平面布局、色温与设计主题协调、视线通透度依次位居前三。最后,通过焦点小组访谈对以上结果进行解释。以期为购物中心室内多种经营点位设计质量评价提供科学的评估工具,以优化商业空间品质,提升经济效益。

Alunite processing method selection using the AHP and TOPSIS approaches under fuzzy environment

Alunite is the most important non bauxite resource for alumina. Various methods have been proposed and patented for processing alunite, but none has been performed at industrial scale and no technical,operational and economic data is available to evaluate methods. In addition, selecting the right approach for alunite beneficiation, requires introducing a wide range of criteria and careful analysis of alternatives.In this research, after studying the existing processes, 13 methods were considered and evaluated by 14 technical, economic and environmental analyzing criteria. Due to multiplicity of processing methods and attributes, in this paper, Multi Attribute Decision Making methods were employed to examine the appropriateness of choices. The Delphi Analytical Hierarchy Process(DAHP) was used for weighting selection criteria and Fuzzy TOPSIS approach was used to determine the most profitable candidates. Among 13 studied methods, Spanish, Svoronos and Hazan methods were respectively recognized to be the best choices.

改进层次分析法-熵权法在周口市地下水资源承载力评价上的应用

地下水资源承载力是衡量当地社会、经济可持续发展及生态环境良性发展的重要指标,现如今对我国地下水资源承载力综合评价的需求迫在眉睫。目前地下水资源承载力评价方法多样,成果众多,但仍没有最优评价方法。周口市水资源丰富,但人均占有量少,污水排放较多,水体污染严重且水资源承载力研究十分匮乏。针对以上问题,选取适合研究区域地下水资源评价的主要指标,采用层次分析法和熵权法分别确定指标权重,利用乘法合成计算出组合权重,最后通过模糊综合评价法对周口市水资源承载力进行评价。结果表明,周口市地下水资源承载力处于良好状态,其承载力总体处于上升趋势。