基于文献计量的盐湖研究进展及前沿态势分析

基于web of science和知网数据源,利用Derwent Data Analyzer,VOSvievwer和Incites对1960—2022年盐湖相关文献进行计量分析,以深入了解国际和国内盐湖研究进展和发展趋势。分析得出近60多年盐湖研究发文量整体上呈先稳定后增加的趋势;盐湖相关研究国际发文数量最高的期刊是International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,国内发文量最高的期刊是《盐湖研究》。美国和中国是盐湖研究的核心力量,两者的总发文量、总引频次和高被引论文数均居前2位。盐湖研究领域发文量最高的机构是中国科学院,其隶属单位青海盐湖研究所发文量占比最高。国际文献作者前15位中8位来自中国。国际和国内研究热点演进分析得出今后盐湖资源的分离和提取将得到持续关注,高被引文章分析说明近年来盐湖研究关注最多的为盐湖资源的分离提取,尤其是锂资源。整体而言,有关盐湖研究还在不断拓展和延伸,未来我国应在文章质量、研究方向布局和影响力上继续提升,发挥国内盐湖研究的对外影响力。

西藏交通警察道路执法工作的风险与防范

西藏自治区自然、地理与气候环境复杂且特殊,道路交通环境相对恶劣,这导致当地交通警察道路执法工作面临诸多风险,包括警员人身安全和执法效能等风险。对此,文章对西藏交通警察道路执法工作风险进行了调查分析,从地区环境、警员安全意识与技能、执法装备、社会宣传和教育等角度探讨了相关风险的成因,针对性相关风险成因,提出从优化警力配置与道路信息推送、加强警员培训、完善警务装备、加强法治化宣传教育等工作来消除相关风险,以期保障警员安全并改善西藏交通环境。

千岛湖水体稳定度和热分层结构对溶解氧垂向分布的影响

基于2017年1月—2020年2月千岛湖大坝前水质高频监测数据与湖心区气象数据,使用Lake Analyzer(LA)软件计算了水体稳定度指标(“施密特稳定度”和“浮力频率”)和热分层指标(“温跃层深度”和“温跃层厚度”),并与溶解氧垂向分布指标(“氧跃层深度”和“氧跃层强度”)结合分析。结果表明千岛湖存在时间长且稳定的热力分层和溶解氧分层,分层期为每年4—12月,根据结构变化可分为形成期(4—6月)、稳定期(7—9月)和减弱期(10—12月)三个阶段。水体稳定度指标、热分层指标和溶解氧垂向分布指标间相关分析结果表明:水体混合状态是影响溶解氧垂向分布的重要因素,湖体存在热分层则是氧跃层出现的根本原因,水体稳定度升高与热分层结构形成均阻碍溶解氧的垂向交换,促进氧跃层的形成。基于回归分析,发现温跃层深度与氧跃层深度具有良好的线性关系,拟合精度高(R^(2)=0.81,N=25),说明在千岛湖可通过温跃层深度推断氧跃层态势。研究结果同时证明LA在千岛湖的可适用性,以及在其它湖泊的可推广性,提供了水体稳定度和热分层指标定量化计算的工具。

基于夹点分析技术的常减压塔换热网络优化

本文采用夹点技术对某炼油厂常减压装置现有生产工况下的换热网络进行分析优化并提出改进方案。应用Aspen plus建立了常减压塔模型及相应的换热网络,计算各侧线流股流量和物性数据。利用Aspen Energy Analyzer计算得到该换热网络的夹点温度。通过夹点温度来分析诊断换热网络中跨越夹点物流,确定换热网络中瓶颈的位置。通过调整不合理配置的冷热流股换热器来优化换热网络,使脱盐原油进入常压塔的换热终温从288.0℃提高到310.4℃,优化后的冷、热公用工程用量各减少2808.0kW,显著降低了装置的操作费用。

Intra-and interobserver reliability of ocular surface analyzer LacryDiag

AIM:To invastigate intra-and interobserver reliability of interferometry,tear meniscus height(TMH)measurement and meibography(MBG)of an ocular surface analyzer,LacryDiag(Quantel Medical,France).METHODS:Five consecutive measurements and subsequent analysis of interferometry,TMH,and MBG were recorded by two examiners using the LacryDiag.To assess intra-and interobserver reliability,we used Cohen’s kappa for categorical variables(interferometry),or intraclass correlation coefficient for continuous variables(TMH,MBG).RESULTS:Thirty eyes of 30 examinees were included.For both observers,there was excellent intraobserver reliability for MBG(0.955 and 0.970 for observer 1 and 2,respectively).Intraobserver reliability for observer 1 was substantial for interferometry(0.799),and excellent for TMH(0.863).Reliability for observer 2 was moderate for interferometry(0.535)and fair to good for TMH(0.431).Interobserver reliability was poor for interferometry(0.074)and fair to good for TMH(0.680)and MBG(0.414).CONCLUSION:LacryDiag ocular surface analyzer in our study proves to be a reliable noninvasive tool for the evaluation of TMH and MBG.As for interferometry,poor interobserver reliability,fair to good intraobserver reliability for observer 1,and moderate for observer 2,leave room for improvement.

Recent Progress of the Solar Wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) Mission

The SMILE(Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer)mission is a joint space science mission between the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and the European Space Agency(ESA),aiming to understand the interaction of the solar wind with the Earth’s magnetosphere in a global manner.As of May 2024,the SMILE mission is in phase-D with an expected launch date of September 2025.This report summarizes developments in the mission during the past two years.

FPGA implementation of 500-MHz high-count-rate high-time-resolution real-time digital neutron-gamma discrimination for fast liquid detectors

Fast neutron flux measurements with high count rates and high time resolution have important applications in equipment such as tokamaks.In this study,real-time neutron and gamma discrimination was implemented on a self-developed 500-Msps,12-bit digitizer,and the neutron and gamma spectra were calculated directly on an FPGA.A fast neutron flux measurement system with BC-501A and EJ-309 liquid scintillator detectors was developed and a fast neutron measurement experiment was successfully performed on the HL-2 M tokamak at the Southwestern Institute of Physics,China.The experimental results demonstrated that the system obtained the neutron and gamma spectra with a time accuracy of 1 ms.At count rates of up to 1 Mcps,the figure of merit was greater than 1.05 for energies between 50 keV and 2.8 MeV.

Characteristics of the SOL ion-to-electron temperature ratio on the J-TEXT tokamak with different plasma configurations

Accurate measurement of the average plasma parameters in the edge region,including the temperature and density of electrons and ions,is critical for understanding the characteristics of the scrape-off layer(SOL) and divertor plasma transport in magnetically confined fusion research.On the J-TEXT tokamak,a multi-channel retarding field analyzer(RFA) probe has been developed to study average plasma parameters in the edge region under various poloidal divertor and island divertor configurations.The edge radial profile of the ion-to-electron temperature ratio,τ_(i/e),has been determined,which gradually decreases as the SOL ion self-collisionality,v_(SOL)*,increases.This is broadly consistent with what has been observed previously from various tokamak experiments.However,the comparison of experimental results under different configurations shows that in the poloidal divertor configuration,even under the same v_(SOL)*,τ_(i/e) in the SOL region becomes smaller as the distance from the X-point to the target plate increases.In the island divertor configuration,τ_(i/e) near the O-point is higher than that near the X-point at the same v_(SOL)*,and both are higher than those in the limiter configuration.These results suggest that the magnetic configuration plays a critical role in the energy distributions between electrons and ions at the plasma boundary.

The research progress of an E//B neutral particle analyzer

An E//B neutral particle analyzer(NPA)has been designed and is under development at Sichuan University and Southwestern Institute of Physics.The main purpose of the E//B NPA is to measure the distribution function of fast ions in the HL-2A/3 tokamak.The E//B NPA contains three main units,i.e.the stripping unit,the analyzing unit and the detection unit.A gas stripping chamber was adopted as the stripping unit.The results of the simulations and beam tests for the stripping chamber are presented.Parallel electric and magnetic fields provided by a NdFeB permanent magnet and two parallel electric plates were designed and constructed for the analyzing unit.The calibration of the magnetic and electric fields was performed using a 50 kV electron cyclotron resonance ion source(ECRIS)platform.The detection unit consists of 32lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate(LYSO)detector modules arranged in two rows.The response functions ofα,hydrogen ions(H^(+),H_(2)^(+)and H_(3)^(+))andγfor a detector module were measured with^(241)Am,^(137)Cs and^(152)Eu sources together with the 50 kV ECRIS platform.The overall results indicate that the designed E//B NPA device is capable of measuring the intensity of neutral hydrogen and deuteron atoms with energy higher than 20 keV.

基于工业摄影测量的地下水开采地面沉降试验研究

地下水过度开采是导致地面沉降的主要原因,模拟试验是研究地面沉降机理的重要手段。为快速准确监测开采条件下土体形变瞬时变化过程,自主研发了一套基于工业摄影测量技术和具有地下水补给、开采、数据监测采集等功能的地面沉降物理模拟试验系统,通过试验研究了开采条件下土体变形过程和特征。试验结果表明:在定水头边界条件下,抽水过程中各土层沉降量随距抽水井的距离增大而明显减小;在变水头边界条件下,当停止抽水后,各土层沉降量仍在不断增加,土层沉降的滞后效应明显。MPS标志点与沉降标尺观测的沉降量接近,在变水头边界条件下,沉降变化趋势基本一致,表明工业测量可用于土体变形测量,测量数据能反映在地下水位波动条件下土体变形的瞬时变化过程,具有较高的灵敏度。

数字人文视域下《论语》英译研究

《论语》作为中华典籍的精华,在我国传统文化中拥有不可或缺的地位。《论语》的对外传播有利于提升中国形象,推动对外文化交流与合作。本文以AntConc、Readability Analyzer检索工具作为辅助,以两个具有代表性理雅各和韦利的《论语》英译本为基本语料,自建小型语料库,从类符/形符比、高频词、词汇密度、句型特征、文本可读性等对两个版本译作的语言词汇展开数据分析统计,考察分析各译本所呈现出的艺术特色和风格,旨在为典籍英译研究提供相关参考依据。

Quantification of Silicon (SI) and Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) from the Nafud Desert-Al-Qassim Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Using XRD Analysis

This research was conducted in the Qassim region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The goal of this research is to determine the percentage of silicon in the Rub al-Khali desert. Samples were collected from four cities located in the Al-Qassim Region of Saudi Arabia (Uyun Al-Jawa, Al-Fuwailiq, Al-Sulaibiya, and Al-Qawara), from three distinct depths (the earth’s surface, 50 cm, and 100 cm). The percentages of silicon in these places vary between the highest value for silicon dioxide, which is 74.47 m/m%, and 34.8 m/m% for silicon in Al-Qawara city at a depth of 100 cm. We used an x-ray fluorescence (XRF) instrument to evaluate the samples. There are high percentage of both silica and silicon in the Nafud desert. Studies have shown that these ratios can help investors benefit from an element of Silicon and silicon dioxide, so the sands of the Nafud desert is sufficient for extracting Silicon and silica in huge quantities. This may transform the Kingdom into a leading country in the global computer technology industry that depends on silicon extracted from the desert sands, the most important of which are microcomputer data processing devices.

The Application of Digital Optical 3D Image Analyzer Evaskin in The Evaluation of Wrinkles

To verify the effectiveness of digital optical 3D image analyzer EvaSKIN in the objective and quantitative evaluation of wrinkles.A total of 115 subjects were recruited,the facial images of the subjects were collected by digital optical 3D image analyzer and manual camera,the changes of crow’s feet with age were analyzed.Pictures obtained by manual photography can be directly used for observation and preliminary grading of wrinkles.However,the requirements for evaluators are high,and the results are prone to errors,which will affect the accuracy of the evaluation.Therefore,skilled raters are needed.Compared with the manual photography method,the digital optical 3D image analyzer EvaSKIN can realize three-dimensional extraction of wrinkles,and obtain the change trend of crow’s feet with age.20~30 years old,wrinkles begin to appear slowly;wrinkles will increase rapidly at the age of 30~50;The length of 50~60 year old wrinkles is basically fixed,the wrinkles develop longitudewise,gradually widen and deepen,and the area,depth and volume increase is obvious,and the skin aging condition is intensified.the digital optical 3D image analyzer EvaSKIN realizes the 3D extraction of wrinkles,quantifies the circumference,area,average depth,maximum depth and volume of wrinkles,realizes the objective and quantitative evaluation of wrinkle state,is more accurate in the measurement of wrinkles,and provides a new instrument and method for the evaluation of wrinkles.it is a perfect and supplement to the traditional evaluation methods,and to a certain extent,it helps the research and development and evaluation institutions of cosmetics to obtain more abundant and three-dimensional data support.

Study of The Technical Index of Online Learning Behavior Analysis of Nursing Majors on The Superstar Platform Based on The Kirkpatrick Evaluation Model

Objective:To analyze the technical indexes of students’online learning behavior analysis based on Kirkman’s evaluation model,sort out the basic indexes of online learning behavior,and extract scientific and efficient evaluation indexes of online learning effect through statistical analysis.Methods:The online learning behavior data of Physiology of nursing students from 2021-2023 and the first semester of 22 nursing classes(3 and 4)were collected and analyzed.The preset learning behavior indexes were analyzed by multi-dimensional analysis and a correlation analysis was conducted between the indexes and the final examination scores to screen for the dominant important indexes for online learning effect evaluation.Results:The study found that the demand for online learning of nursing students from 2021-2023 increased and the effect was statistically significant.Compared with the stage assessment results,the online learning effect was statistically significant.Conclusion:The main indicators for evaluating and classifying online learning behaviors were summarized.These two indicators can help teachers predict which part of students need learning intervention,optimize the teaching process,and help students improve their learning behavior and academic performance.

Study on the Hook Effect in the Detection of Beta2-Microglobulin with Different Reagents in Fully Automated Biochemical Analyzers

Objective:To investigate the hook effect in the detection of beta2-microglobulin(β2-MG)with different reagents as well as on two fully automated biochemical analyzers and their solutions.Methods:Using immunoturbidimetric assay forβ2-MG as the research object,β2-MG levels were detected by different concentration gradients ofβ2-microglobulin samples in Liedemann,Mack,and Myriad reagents of three manufacturers on two automatic biochemical analyzers,and the difference of the hook effect was comparatively analyzed.Results:Leadman reagent showed the hook effect on the Beckman AU5800 automated biochemistry analyzer,while both Maccura and Mindray reagents did not show the hook effect.After the experiments,we found the limit value of the pre-zone check of Leadman reagent,and changed the parameters of the instrument,when the limit value of the pre-zone check was reached,the instrument automatically diluted the specimen five times and then detected it again.After changing the parameters of the instrument,the correlation between the three methods of detecting samples of different concentrations was r>0.99.Conclusion:Before selecting the application of immunoturbidimetric reagents,we have to carry out the risk assessment of the hook effect and selectively set the parameters of the pre-zone check based on the highest concentration that may occur in the clinic;for the items that may have the hook effect,we have to selectively set the parameters of the pre-zone check when the ratio of average reaction rate and the immediate reaction rate is at the limit value,and the phenomenon of antigen excess may occur,the instrument will carry out automatic dilution before detection,so as to avoid the issuance of erroneous results of high-value samples due to the hook effect.

索尼正式发布mocopi PC应用程序及移动端Data Analyzer

6月13日,索尼正式对便携动作捕捉产品mocopi发布几项更新,改善创作者基于PC(个人电脑)的工作流程,并将持续拓展PC端更多功能,助力3D内容创作。本次更新内容包括:(1)发布mocopi的Windows版PC应用程序,实现了PC端的动作捕捉,以支持电影、动画制作现场或使用3D虚拟形象进行直播等专业3DCG制作;(2)将mocopi移动应用程序的强大功能带到桌面环境,可以在PC上完成动作捕捉、文件保存、预览和发送等一系列工作,因此无需从智能手机迁移文件到PC,使用外部直播软件可以直接直播mocopi PC应用程序的屏幕。

Robot系统测定旱地N_(2)排放的方法优化及其与其他方法的对比研究

反硝化是生态系统氮循环的最后一环同时也是活性氮转化为惰性氮(N2)的最主要过程。由于空气中背景N2浓度高达78%,在如此高的背景浓度N2环境中直接和准确测定反硝化过程产生的微量N2,一直是个巨大的挑战。Robot系统(Robotized incubation and analyzing system)是基于无N2背景(氦环境)的用以研究纯菌或土壤体系N2排放速率的方法,该系统平台搭建简单且测定效率高,目前应用比较广泛。但该系统在运行过程中需要频繁利用微量注射器进行取样和测定,极易造成外界N2的渗漏。为解决这一问题,通过使用预先置于氦环境的橡胶隔垫、采用充氦后的蒸馏水配制溶液及实施破坏性取样的处理,对Robot系统测定旱地N2排放速率的方法进行优化,同时与乙炔抑制法和RoFlow系统(Robotized continuous flow incubation system)的测定结果进行对比。研究结果表明,通过方法优化,可以大幅降低Robot系统的N2渗漏率,方法优化后系统的渗漏率在0~0.78μL·L^(–1)·h^(–1)之间。优化后的Robot系统对碳源和氮源添加后N2排放速率差异的响应较好,并且对旱地土壤N2排放速率的测定误差最小(0.003~0.045 mg·kg^(–1)·d^(–1)),显著优于乙炔抑制法(0.34~3.29 mg·kg^(–1)·d^(–1))和RoFlow系统(0.41~1.02 mg·kg^(–1)·d^(–1))。综上,优化后的Robot系统在测定旱地N2排放速率时具有N2渗漏率低,对外源底物添加响应好及测定结果精确度高的特点,未来在研究旱地土壤背景N2排放及相关机理方面有较好的应用前景。

专利视角下石墨烯超级电容器发展态势研究

以Derwent Innovation(德温特创新)平台的专利数据作为研究对象,利用文献计量法、知识图谱可视化方法重点从石墨烯超级电容器领域专利发布的整体趋势、申请国、专利权人以及主题词演化趋势进行分析,揭示最新的石墨烯超级电容器领域的发展态势,提升该领域技术在相关产业的应用价值,为相关机构提供数据参考,帮助其调整自身的竞争策略,为我国在石墨烯超级电容器领域技术研发和应用的方向提供指导作用。

Proton pitch angle distributions in the Martian induced magnetosphere: A survey of Tianwen-1 Mars Ion and Neutral Particle Analyzer observations

The pitch angle distributions of ions and electrons can be affected by various processes;thus,they can serve as an important indicator of the physical mechanisms driving the dynamics of space plasmas.From observations from the Mars Ion and Neutral Particle Analyzer onboard the Tianwen-1 orbiter,we calculated the pitch angle distributions of protons in the Martian induced magnetosphere by using information from the magnetohydrodynamically simulated magnetic field,and we statistically analyzed the spatial occurrence pattern of different types of pitch angle distributions.Even though no symmetrical features were seen in the dataset,we found the dominance of the field-aligned distribution type over the energy range from 188 to 6232 eV.Maps of the occurrence rate showed the preferential presence of a trapped-like distribution at the lower altitudes of the surveyed nightside region.Although our results are more or less restricted by the adopted magnetic field,they indicate the complexity of the near-Mars proton pitch angle distributions and infer the possibility of wave–particle interactions in the Martian induced magnetosphere.

Smart palm-size optofluidic hematology analyzer for automated imaging-based leukocyte concentration detection

A critical function of flow cytometry is to count the concentration of blood cells,which helps in the diagnosis of certain diseases.However,the bulky nature of commercial flow cytometers makes such tests only available in hospitals or laboratories,hindering the spread of point-of-care testing(POCT),especially in underdeveloped areas.Here,we propose a smart Palm-size Optofluidic Hematology Analyzer based on a miniature fluorescence microscope and a microfluidic platform to lighten the device to improve its portability.This gadget has a dimension of 35×30×80 mm and a mass of 39 g,less than 5%of the weight of commercially available flow cytometers.Additionally,automatic leukocyte concentration detection has been realized through the integration of image processing and leukocyte counting algorithms.We compared the leukocyte concentration measurement between our approach and a hemocytometer using the Passing-Bablok analysis and achieved a correlation coefficient of 0.979.Through Bland-Altman analysis,we obtained the relationship between their differences and mean measurement values and established 95%limits of agreement,ranging from−0.93×10^(3)to 0.94×10^(3)cells/μL.We anticipate that this device can be used widely for monitoring and treating diseases such as HIV and tumors beyond hospitals.