Science and innovation diplomacy is at a crossroad-facing the need for enhanced cooperation to tackle global challenges and in a more complex geopolitical landscape.Built on“learning-by-doing”and“learningby-experim...Science and innovation diplomacy is at a crossroad-facing the need for enhanced cooperation to tackle global challenges and in a more complex geopolitical landscape.Built on“learning-by-doing”and“learningby-experimenting”as well as focusing on future development needs and opportunities,the science and innovation diplomacy practices of“Nordic+”countries,i.e.,Denmark,Finland,Sweden and the Netherlands,in China are presented in the paper.Their common strategic insights can be summarized as:1)a new policy narrative on“co-opetition”,2)a balanced approach and a long-term and future-oriented perspective on“coopetition”and 3)more agile,targeted and impact-oriented instruments and partnerships for“co-opetition”.Concrete suggestions for the future development include:1)a deepened understanding of how science and innovation are inter-connected with strategic and economic interests of countries and continents,2)publicly funded schemes and instruments for engaging Nordic multinationals and deepening science-industry-policy collaborative efforts,3)systematic methods through combining evidence-based and future-oriented analyses and 4)skill-and capacity development for identifying,preventing and mitigating multifaceted risks in cooperation.In such contexts,the implementation of EU’s mission-driven innovation and the twin-transition,i.e.the sustainability transition and digital transition,can open up new opportunities for the future cooperation.展开更多
To explore the mechanism of entry to the self-employed sector in urban China,this study tested two hypotheses:the entrepreneurship hypothesis and the disguised unemployment hypothesis,investigating the impact of mass ...To explore the mechanism of entry to the self-employed sector in urban China,this study tested two hypotheses:the entrepreneurship hypothesis and the disguised unemployment hypothesis,investigating the impact of mass entrepreneurship and innovation policies on business start-ups.Three main findings emerged.First,the entrepreneurship hypothesis was rejected for both local urban residents and migrants in 2013 but was supported for both groups in 2018.Second,the causality relationship between mass entrepreneurship and innovation policies and business starts-ups was not significant.Third,the results differed by group.The entrepreneurship hypothesis was supported for the younger generation of migrants in 2018 but was clearly rejected for the less educated,both in the local urban resident and migrant groups in 2013 and 2018.Robustness checks confirmed these conclusions.展开更多
文摘Science and innovation diplomacy is at a crossroad-facing the need for enhanced cooperation to tackle global challenges and in a more complex geopolitical landscape.Built on“learning-by-doing”and“learningby-experimenting”as well as focusing on future development needs and opportunities,the science and innovation diplomacy practices of“Nordic+”countries,i.e.,Denmark,Finland,Sweden and the Netherlands,in China are presented in the paper.Their common strategic insights can be summarized as:1)a new policy narrative on“co-opetition”,2)a balanced approach and a long-term and future-oriented perspective on“coopetition”and 3)more agile,targeted and impact-oriented instruments and partnerships for“co-opetition”.Concrete suggestions for the future development include:1)a deepened understanding of how science and innovation are inter-connected with strategic and economic interests of countries and continents,2)publicly funded schemes and instruments for engaging Nordic multinationals and deepening science-industry-policy collaborative efforts,3)systematic methods through combining evidence-based and future-oriented analyses and 4)skill-and capacity development for identifying,preventing and mitigating multifaceted risks in cooperation.In such contexts,the implementation of EU’s mission-driven innovation and the twin-transition,i.e.the sustainability transition and digital transition,can open up new opportunities for the future cooperation.
基金supported financially by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Sciences and Technology of Japan(KAKENHI:Nos.20H01512,20H01489).
文摘To explore the mechanism of entry to the self-employed sector in urban China,this study tested two hypotheses:the entrepreneurship hypothesis and the disguised unemployment hypothesis,investigating the impact of mass entrepreneurship and innovation policies on business start-ups.Three main findings emerged.First,the entrepreneurship hypothesis was rejected for both local urban residents and migrants in 2013 but was supported for both groups in 2018.Second,the causality relationship between mass entrepreneurship and innovation policies and business starts-ups was not significant.Third,the results differed by group.The entrepreneurship hypothesis was supported for the younger generation of migrants in 2018 but was clearly rejected for the less educated,both in the local urban resident and migrant groups in 2013 and 2018.Robustness checks confirmed these conclusions.