Relative peripheral refractive errors in Chinese children with myopic anisometropia

AIM:To compare relative peripheral refractive errors(RPREs)in Chinese children with and without myopic anisometropia(MAI)and to explore the relationship between RPRE and myopia.METHODS:This observational cross-sectional study included 160 children divided into two groups according to the interocular spherical equivalent refraction(SER)difference≥1.0 D in the MAI group(n=80)and<1.0 D in the non-MAI group(n=80).The MAI group was further divided into two subgroups:ΔSER<2.0 D group and ΔSER≥2.0 D group.Basic ocular biometric parameters of axial length(AL),average keratometry(Ave K),cylinder(CYL),surface regularity index(SRI),and surface asymmetry index(SAI)were recorded.In addition,multispectral refraction topography was performed to measure RPRE,and the parameters were recorded as total refraction difference value(TRDV),refraction difference value(RDV)0-10,RDV10-20,RDV20-30,RDV30-40,RDV40-53,RDV-superior(RDV-S),RDV-inferior(RDV-I),RDV-temporal(RDV-T)and RDV-nasal(RDV-N).RESULTS:In the non-MAI group,the interocular differences of all parameters of RPRE were not significant.In the MAI group,the interocular differences of TRDV,RDV10-53,RDV-S,RDV-I,RDV-T,and RDV-N were significant.In subgroup analysis,the interocular differences of TRDV,RDV30-53,RDV-I,and RDV-T were significant in ΔSER<2.0 D group and ΔSER≥2.0 D group,but the interocular differences of RDV10-30,RDV-S and RDV-N were only significant in the ΔSER≥2.0 D group.In correlation analysis,ΔTRDV,ΔRDV 10-53,ΔRDV-S,and ΔRDV-N were negatively correlated with ΔSER but positively correlated with ΔAL.CONCLUSION:The more myopic eyes have larger hyperopic RPRE in Chinese children with MAI in certain retinal range,and partialΔRPRE is closely associated with ΔSER and ΔAL.

Observation of peripheral refraction in myopic anisometropia in young adults

AIM:To investigate the differences in retinal refraction difference values(RDVs)of adult patients with myopic anisometropia compared with those without myopic anisometropia,and to investigate the relationship between ocular biometric measurements and relative peripheral refraction.METHODS:This clinical observation study included 130 patients with myopia(-0.25 to-10.00 D)between October 2022 and January 2023 aged between 18 and 40y.The patients were divided into anisometropia(n=63;difference in binocular anisometropia≥1.00 D)and non-anisometropia(n=67;difference in binocular anisometropia<1.00 D)groups accordingly.Ocular biometric measurements were performed by optical biometrics and corneal topography to assess the steep keratometry(Ks),flap keratometry(Kf),axial length(AL),corneal astigmatism(CYL;Ks-Kf),surface regularity index(SRI),surface asymmetry index(SAI),and central corneal thickness(CCT).The RDV was measured at five retinal areas from the fovea to 53 degrees(RDV-0-10,RDV-10-20,RDV-20-30,RDV-30-40,and RDV-40-53),the total RDV(TRDV)of 53 degrees,and four regions,including RDV-superior,RDV-inferior,RDV-temporal,and RDV-nasal.An analysis of Spearman correlation was carried out to examine the correlation between RDV and the spherical equivalent(SE)and ocular biological parameters.RESULTS:Within RDV-20-53,both groups showed relative hyperopic defocus,and the increase in RDV corresponds to the increase in eccentricity.In the myopic anisometropia group,the TRDV,RDV-20-53,RDV-superior,and more myopic eyes had significantly higher RDVtemporal values than less myopic eyes.(P<0.05).In the non-anisometropia group,there was no significant difference in the RDV between the more and less myopic eyes at different eccentricities(P>0.05).There was a negative correlation between SE and TRDV(r=-0.205,P=0.001),RDV-20-53(r=-0.281,-0.183,-0.176,P<0.05),RDV-superior(r=-0.251,P<0.001),and RDV-temporal(r=-0.230,P<0.001),a negative correlation between CYL and RDV-10-30(r=-0.147,-0.180,P<0.05),and a negative correlation between SRI and RDV-0-20(r=-0.190,-0.170,P<0.05).AL had a positive correlation with RDV-20-30(r=0.164,P=0.008)and RDV-temporal(r=0.160,P=0.010).CONCLUSION:More myopic eyes in patients with myopic anisometropia show more peripheral hyperopic defocus.Diopter and corneal morphology may affect peripheral retinal defocus.

Assessment of the effects of induced anisometropia on binocularity with glasses-free 3D technique

AIM:To assess the effect of experimentally induced anisometropia on binocularity in normal adults with glassesfree three-dimensional(3D)technique.METHODS:Totally 54 healthy medical students with normal binocularity in the cross-sectional study were enrolled.Anisometropia was induced by placing trail lenses over the right eye,in 0.5 D steps including lenses of-0.5,-1,-1.5,-2,-2.5 D(hyperopic anisometropia)and lenses of+0.5,+1,+1.5,+2,+2.5 D(myopic anisometropia).The glasses-free 3D technique was used to evaluated not only fine stereopsis,but also coarse stereopsis,dynamic stereopsis,foveal suppression,and peripheral suppression in these subjects.One-way analysis of variance was used to compare quantitative data such as fine stereopsis,coarse stereopsis.Pearson’s Chi-square test was performed to compare categorical data such as dynamic stereopsis,foveal suppression and peripheral suppression.RESULTS:The subjects showed a statistically significant decline in fine stereopsis,coarse stereopsis,and dynamic stereopsis with increasing levels of anisometropia(P<0.001).Binocularity was af fected when induced anisometropia was more than 1 D(P<0.05).Foveal suppression and peripheral suppression were evident and increased in proportion to anisometropia(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:The relatively low degrees of anisometropia may have a potentially significant effect on high-grade binocular interaction.The mechanisms underlying the defect of binocularity seem to involve not only foveal suppression,but also peripheral suppression.

Effectiveness and the nomogram of small incision lenticule extraction in the correction of myopic anisometropia in adults

AIM:To evaluate the safety,effectiveness,and predictability of small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)for the treatment of anisometropia,and to explore the personalized design scheme of SMILE in correcting adult myopia anisometropia based on the nomogram.METHODS:It’s a prospective cohort study.Patients with anisometropic myopia of refractive difference≥2.0 diopters(D)who underwent SMILE between September 2020 and March 2021 were enrolled.Clinical features and visual function were assessed preoperatively and at 1wk,1,3,and 6mo after the operation.The examination included tests for uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA),corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA),refractive errors,effectiveness index(preoperative CDVA/postoperative UDVA),safety index(postoperative CDVA/preoperative CDVA),nomogram and stereoscopic function.Paired t-test,Wilcoxon signed-rank test and repeated-measures analyses of variance were used for continuous variables,and Pearson Chi-squared test was used for categorical variables.RESULTS:The study involved 45 consecutive patients(average age:25.0±6.9y;82 out of 90 eyes underwent SMILE,while 8 eyes were not operated).The average preoperative spherical equivalent(SE)was-4.74±0.22 D.Six months after surgery,the effectiveness index was 1.05±0.12,and the safety index was 1.09±0.11.Seventy eyes(85.4%)exhibited SE correction error within±0.5 D.The percentage of eyes with Titmus stereoscopic function equal to or less than 200”significantly increased from 55.6%preoperatively to 88.9%postoperatively(P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference between higher myopia eyes and contralateral eyes in average nomogram value/spherical refraction ratio.CONCLUSION:SMILE is safe,effective and predictable in correcting myopic anisometropia,and it improves stereoscopic visual function of anisometropia patients.The precise and individualized design of the nomogram is a vital element to ensure the balance of both eyes after SMILE.

Anisometropia magnitude and visual deficits in previously untreated anisometropic amblyopia

AIM:To assess the quantitative association between anisometropia magnitude(AM) and the losses of resolution and contrast sensitivity;and to exemplify how the function of fusion and stereopsis vary with AM in previously untreated anisometropic amblyopia. METHODS:A total of 57 patients with previously untreated anisometropic amblyopia without strabismus(range:8-35 years),were measured refractive error,best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),fusion and stereopsis,and 48 patients have completed contrast sensitivity function test.AM was determined by dioptric vector addition model,and the amblyopia depth was determined by the difference of BCVA in logMAR units between the amblyopic and fellow eyes.RESULTS:AM was significantly correlated with both amblyopia depth(Pearson R=0.728,P【0.001) and the inter-ocular difference of the area under the log contrast sensitivity function(AULCSF)(R=0.505,P【0.001).Depth of amblyopia and the inter-ocular difference of AULCSF was also significantly correlated(R=0.761,P【0.001).The more severity of amblyopia,the poorer levels of contrast sensitivity.Most pure anisometropes with AM was less than 3.0D retain fusion and some stereopsis,but when AM were more than 3.0D,especially for the anisometropes whose AM was more than 6.0D,fusion and stereopsis function were seriously impaired.CONCLUSION:In the patients with previously untreated anisometropic amblyopia,higher degree of anisometropia is significantly associated with deeper amblyopia,worse contrast sensitivity,fusion and stereopsis functions.

Noninvasive stiffness assessment of the human lens nucleus in patients with anisometropia using an ultrasound elastography system

AIM:To investigate the significance of ultrasound elastography for evaluating stiffness of the human lens nucleus in patients with anisometropia.METHODS:A total of 14 patients(28 eyes)with anisometropia were enrolled.The difference in refractive status between two eyes≥-4.0 diopters(D)and the difference in axial length(AL)of the eyes was≥3 mm.There were 5 males and 9 females with an average age of 62±3.3 y.The test data of the long AL eye of each patient was included in group A(14 eyes),and test data of the eye with relative short AL was included in group B.Lens nuclear stiffness was measured with free-hand qualitative elastography by independent operators.Strain gray scale and color-coded elastography maps were recorded.In each case,three consecutive measurements were performed and strain ratio was used for statistical analysis.Photograph and sectional view of the lens were analyzed and archived by anterior segment image.RESULTS:In the long AL group,the strain rate in the nucleus of the lens was 0.16%±0.08%;in the short AL group,the strain rate in the nucleus of the lens was 0.54%±0.16%.Independent sample t-test analyses showed that the long AL group lens had a significantly smaller nuclear strain rate than the relatively short AL group,P<0.05.CONCLUSION:The relationship between human lens stiffness and different AL is demonstrated by ultrasound elastography.The long AL is associated with lower strain ratio and less resilience of the lens.

Comment on anisometropia magnitude and visual deficits in previously untreated anisometropic amblyopia

Dear Editor,We read with great interest article titled'Anisometropia magnitude and visual deficits in previously untreated anisometropic amblyopia'by Chen et al[1].The authors have analysed subjects with previously untreated anisometropic amblyopia and found a significant correlation between high degree of anisometropia and deep amblyopia,worse contrast sensitivity,fusion and stereopsis functions.We commend the authors in addressing a very important problem and agree with the authors in the notation that children with anisometropia are usually detected later owing to lack of noticeable physical abnormalities.

Stereopsis, Aniseikonia, and Associated Symptoms in Patients with Bilateral Pseudophakia with and without Anisometropia: A Comparative Study

Objectives: The study aimed to compare stereopsis, aniseikonia, and associated symptoms in bilateral pseudophakia with and without anisometropia. Methods: Patients with senile cataracts, previously scheduled for phacoemulsification with an IOL implant in both eyes were included in this cross-sectional study. Patients were divided into two groups: control group (n = 69) with an interocular post-surgical refraction difference in Spherical Equivalent (SE) ?;Stereotest. Ten symptoms related to aniseikonia were evaluated with a questionnaire. Statistical evaluation of data included models of univariate, multivariate, and regression analyses. Results: Cataract surgery-induced aniseikonia was 0.64% ± 1.41% in control group and 0.62% ± 1.76% in anisometropia group with an insignificant difference (p = 0.766). Measured stereoacuity was 1.95 ± 0.17 log10 seconds of arc in the control group and 2.12 ± 0.22 log10 seconds of arc in the anisometropia group with a significant difference (p Conclusions: The study showed that stereopsis, aniseikonia, and associated symptoms did not stand for a substantial problem for visual comfort of bilateral pseu- dophakia with anisometropia less than 3D.

Association between Anisometropia as Well as Visual Acuity, Aniseikonia, and Stereopsis in the Absence of Strabismus

Objective: The current study aimed to assess the association between the type of anisometropia and its effects on monocular and binocular best-corrected vision acuity (BCVA), aniseikonia, and stereopsis in the absence of strabismus. Methods: In total, 162 individuals with anisometropia and healthy eyes and without a previous history of amblyopia therapy and eye surgery were included in the analysis. According to spherical and cylindrical components and spherical equivalent, they were divided into the spherical hyperopic anisometropia (SHA, n = 31), spherical myopic anisometropia (SMA, n = 45), astigmatic or cylindrical hyperopic anisometropia (CHA, n = 22), and astigmatic or cylindrical myopic anisometropia (CMA, n = 64) groups. Patients without anisometropia (NA, n = 188) were classified under the control group. The effects of anisometropia on monocular and binocular BCVA, aniseikonia, and stereoacuity were examined. Results: The NA group had a significantly lower LogMAR of BCVA of the right eye (RE), left eye (LE), worse eye than the SHA, SMA, CMA, and CHA groups. Moreover, the SMA group had significantly lower LogMAR of BCVA than the CHA group (p Conclusion: Worse visual levels of the RE, LE, worse eye, BCVA difference, and lower stereopsis were evidenced in each type of anisometropia defined in this study. Cylindrical hyperopic anisometropia (CHA) resulted in a statically significant worsening VA level and stereopsis than cylindrical myopic (CMA) or spherical myopic anisometropia.

角膜塑形镜对不同类型近视性屈光参差儿童控制效果

目的 探究角膜塑形镜对不同类型近视性患儿屈光参差的控制效果。方法 纳入2020年9月至2022年11月于长治医学院附属和平医院眼科验配角膜塑形镜并且资料完整的8~16岁近视患儿99例。分为单纯近视性屈光参差组(单眼近视,双眼屈光度差值≥1.00 D)39例和复合近视性屈光参差组(双眼近视,双眼屈光度差值≥1.00D)60例。将两组中双眼间屈光参差量较高(双眼屈光度差值≥2.50 D)的患儿设为高屈光参差亚组(分别为18例和29例),较低(1.00 D≤双眼屈光度差值<2.50 D)的设为低屈光参差亚组(分别为21例和31例)。各组内将屈光度数较高眼设为高度数眼,对侧屈光度数较低眼设为低度数眼。检查并记录两组患儿屈光度、角膜地形图、眼压、角膜内皮、眼轴长度等。比较两组患儿在配戴角膜塑形镜前及戴镜1年后双眼眼轴长度的变化,分析屈光参差程度与双眼眼轴长度变化的相关关系。结果 配戴角膜塑形镜1年后,两组患儿双眼眼轴长度均增长,且均表现为高度数眼的眼轴长度增长量低于低度数眼;在戴镜前及戴镜1年后,两组患儿高度数眼眼轴长度均大于低度数眼,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。两组患儿均表现为戴镜1年后双眼间眼轴长度差值缩小;在戴镜前及戴镜1年后,单纯近视性屈光参差组患儿双眼间眼轴长度差值较复合近视性屈光参差组均更大,差异均有统计学意义(t=4.903、2.670,均为P<0.05)。单纯近视性高屈光参差亚组患儿与单纯近视性低屈光参差亚组患儿戴镜前后双眼眼轴长度差值变化量均分别大于复合近视性高屈光参差亚组与复合近视性低屈光参差亚组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。单纯近视性屈光参差组与复合近视性屈光参差组中,屈光参差程度与戴镜前后1年双眼间眼轴长度变化量均呈正相关(r=0.423、0.510,均为P<0.05)。结论 角膜塑形镜可有效减少近视性屈光参差患儿双眼眼轴长度的差异,且对于单纯近视性患儿屈光参差的控制效果优于复合近视性屈光参差患儿。

屈光参差性弱视一阶光栅锐度和二阶纹理敏感度的感知能力

目的:研究单眼屈光参差性弱视患者对一阶光栅锐度和二阶纹理敏感度的感知能力。方法:收集2018-01/2022-12于我院确诊的单眼屈光参差性弱视儿童715例715眼作为弱视组,另选取矫正视力正常儿童745例745眼作为正常对照组。分别检测最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、一阶光栅锐度和(或)二阶纹理敏感度,并分析不同程度弱视患者对一阶光栅锐度和二阶纹理敏感度的感知能力。结果:弱视组与正常对照组一阶光栅锐度(11.58±6.10 vs 20.27±3.47,P<0.001)、二阶纹理敏感度(0.33±0.16 vs 0.12±0.04,P<0.001)均有明显差异,且轻中度弱视患者与重度弱视患者一阶光栅锐度(12.10±6.23 vs 8.13±3.70,P<0.001)和二阶纹理敏感度(0.32±0.16 vs 0.37±0.17,P<0.05)均有明显差异。结论:单眼屈光参差性弱视患者大脑皮层一阶视觉通路和二阶视觉通路均存在不同程度的损伤,重度弱视患者较轻中度弱视患者损伤更为严重。

低度近视青少年知觉眼位和注视稳定性的临床研究

目的:检测并比较屈光正常青少年和低度近视青少年的知觉眼位和注视稳定性,研究低度近视青少年的知觉眼位和注视稳定性的特点。方法:横断面研究,随机选取2023-04/12在我院眼科门诊就诊的青少年132例264眼作为研究对象,根据屈光状态分为正常对照组45例90眼、单纯低度近视组45例90眼及低度近视伴屈光参差组42例84眼,对所有研究对象进行知觉眼位和注视稳定性检查。结果:与正常对照组比较,单纯低度近视组和低度近视伴屈光参差组的静、动态水平知觉眼位偏移值明显升高(P<0.05),与单纯低度近视组相比,低度近视伴屈光参差组的静、动态水平知觉眼位偏移值明显升高(P<0.05),三组研究对象的静、动态垂直知觉眼位偏移值无差异(P>0.05);与正常对照组比较,单纯低度近视组和低度近视伴屈光参差组的水平、垂直注视稳定性均明显变差(均P<0.01),而单纯低度近视组与低度近视伴屈光参差组无差异(P>0.05)。结论:与屈光正常青少年相比,即使在最佳矫正视力下,低度近视青少年的知觉眼位和注视稳定性功能也存在异常。屈光参差的发生会导致水平知觉眼位偏移程度加重。

SMILE与FS-LASIK术后屈光状态偏差原因分析及结果评价

目的观察飞秒激光制瓣联合准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FSLASIK)与飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)术后屈光状态偏差,并分析其结果和原因。方法回顾性临床研究。按照手术方式分为两组,FSLASIK组300例(600只眼),按照手术时间再分为pre FSLASIK 200例(400只眼),FSLASIK 100例(200只眼),SMILE组100例(200只眼),术前球镜度-0.75~12.25 D,柱镜度0~3.75 D,均未预留度数,最佳矫正视力(BCVA)≥1.0,分别于术前、术后1 d、1周、1个月、3个月、6个月复查并记录所有患者非接触眼压测量、裸眼视力(UCVA)、BCVA、等效球镜(SE)、电脑验光、裂隙灯显微镜检查。对因素进行相关分析得到结果后,建立回归模型,进行回归分析,根据结果进一步分析。结果术后屈光状态主要受手术方式及术前柱镜的影响(P<0.05),FSLASIK术后患者右眼柱镜结果与SMILE术后患者右眼柱镜结果在术后7 d、1个月、3个月、6个月差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),左右眼术后屈光状态无相关性。结论SMILE术后患者平均右眼柱镜欠矫程度较FSLASIK术后患者多0.25~0.50 D,主要与SMILE手术方式、眼球自旋以及角膜上皮重塑行为有关,建议高度数患者采用FSLASIK手术或更改SMILE手术方式为扫描后即刻取镜。

Choroidal thickness and choriocapillaris vascular density in myopic anisometropia

Background:This study aims to examine interocular differences in the choroidal thickness and vascular density of the choriocapillaris in anisometropic myopes and to further explore the relationship between choroidal blood flow and myopia.Methods:The sample comprised 44 participants with anisometropic myopia,aged 9 to 18 years,with normal bestcorrected visual acuity.All participants underwent a series of examinations,including spherical equivalent refraction(SER)and axial length(AL),measured by a Lenstar optical biometer and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)scanner.OCT measured the choroidal thickness,vascular density,and flow voids of the choriocapillaris,and a customized algorithm was implemented in MATLAB R2017a with the post-correction of AL.The choroidal thickness was measured at the fovea and 0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,and 3.0 mm nasally,temporally,inferiorly,and superiorly to the fovea.The vascular density and the flow voids of the choriocapillaris were measured at a 0.6-mm-diameter central circle,and the 0.6-2.5 mm diameter circle in the nasal,temporal,inferior,and superior regions.Repeated-measured ANOVAs were used to analyze the interocular differences.Partial correlations with the K value and age adjustments were used to study the relationships between the choroidal thickness,the choriocapillaris vascular density and flow voids,the SER and AL.Results:The choroidal thickness of the more myopic eyes was significantly thinner than less myopic eyes(P≤0.001),and the flow voids in the more myopic eyes were more than less myopic eyes(P=0.002).There was no significant difference in the vascular density of the choriocapillaris between the more and less myopic eyes(P=0.525).However,when anisometropia was more than 1.50 D,the vascular density of choriocapillaris in the more myopic eyes was significantly less than the less myopic eyes(P=0.026).The interocular difference of the choroidal thickness was significantly correlated with the interocular difference in SER and AL in the center,superior,and inferior regions but not in the nasal or temporal regions.The interocular differences of the vascular density and the flow voids of the choriocapillaris were not correlated with the interocular difference of SER and AL.Conclusions:The choroidal thickness is thinner in the more myopic eyes.The flow void is increased,and the vascular density of the choriocapillaris is reduced in the more myopic eyes of children with anisometropia exceeding 1.50 D.

江阴市学龄前儿童屈光状态调查

目的:了解江阴市学龄前儿童屈光不正现状,为学龄前儿童视力健康防护工作提供指导。方法:选取2023年9—12月江阴全市范围幼儿园内41511名学龄前(3~6岁)儿童作为研究对象,均进行屈光筛查,统计学龄前儿童屈光状态。结果:41511名学龄前儿童中,近视、远视、散光、屈光参差分别检出663人、2023人、10984人、900人,检出率分别为1.60%、4.87%、26.46%、2.17%。不同性别学龄前儿童近视、散光以及屈光参差检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);女童远视检出率高于男童(P<0.05)。不同年龄学龄前儿童近视、散光以及屈光参差检出率比较,总体有统计学差异(P<0.05);不同年龄学龄前儿童远视检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);其中,5岁儿童各类型屈光不正检出率最高。结论:江阴市学龄前儿童散光检出率最高,其次分别为远视、屈光参差、近视,女童远视检出率高于男童,5岁儿童各类型屈光不正检出率最高。卫生部门应加强江阴市学龄前儿童屈光状态筛查工作,及时发现学龄前儿童视力变化及屈光不正状态,加强眼保健的宣教,尽早进行干预,提高学龄前儿童的视力健康水平。

角膜塑形镜矫治儿童近视性屈光参差的临床效果分析

目的:分析角膜塑形镜矫治儿童近视性屈光参差的临床效果。方法:将2017年1月—2023年12月昆山市中医医院收治的180例近视性屈光参差患儿纳为研究对象,参照随机数字表法分组,常规组(n=90)佩戴普通框架眼镜进行视力矫正,研究组(n=90)佩戴角膜塑形镜进行视力矫正。比较两组矫治效果。结果:矫治前,两组远距融合范围、屈光度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);矫治6个月后,两组远距融合范围缩小,屈光度降低,且研究组改善幅度优于常规组(P<0.05)。矫治前,两组中央角膜厚度、眼轴长度、角膜内皮细胞密度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);矫治6个月后,两组中央角膜厚度、角膜内皮细胞密度缩小,且研究组改善幅度优于常规组,两组眼轴长度延长,但研究组短于常规组(P<0.05)。矫治前,两组远距立体视功能正常率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);矫治6个月后,两组远距立体视功能正常率升高,且研究组高于常规组(P<0.05)。结论:角膜塑形镜矫治儿童近视性屈光参差的临床效果较好,能够改善患儿视力、双眼视功能。

间歇性外斜视双眼视功能检查进展及其与屈光不正的关系

文章旨在全面探讨间歇性外斜视(IXT)的双眼视功能检查进展及其与屈光不正的关系。IXT作为一种常见的斜视类型,不仅影响患者的视觉体验和心理健康,还可能随年龄增长发展为恒定性外斜视。文章概述了IXT的定义、患病率和临床表现;介绍了IXT的检查方法,包括斜视度检查、眼位控制力评估以及调节与集合功能的变化。文章还探讨了IXT患者立体视的改变和其他相关检查,为IXT的全面评估提供了科学依据。此外,文章深入分析了IXT与屈光不正,尤其是近视、屈光参差和远视的相互关系,指出屈光矫正对改善双眼视功能和促进立体视功能恢复的重要性。文章旨在为临床工作提供参考,帮助医生更好地理解IXT的诊断和治疗。

飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术治疗近视性屈光参差

目的:探讨飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)治疗近视性屈光参差的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2021-01/2022-12于本院行SMILE或FS-LASIK治疗的近视性屈光参差患者76例146眼的临床资料,根据手术方式分为SMILE组(39例77眼)和FS-LASIK组(37例69眼)。比较两组患者术后1 wk,1、3 mo裸眼视力(UCVA)、屈光度、屈光参差度、角膜像差及术后并发症发生情况。结果:两组患者术后UCVA均较术前改善,彗差、三叶草、球差、总高阶像差均较术前显著增加(P<0.05),且FS-LASIK组患者彗差、三叶草、球差、总高阶像差显著高于SMILE组(P<0.05)。随访至术后3mo,SMILE组术后并发症发生率显著低于FS-LASIK组(5.2%vs 15.9%,P<0.05)。结论:SMILE与FS-LASIK均可有效提高近视性屈光参差患者UCVA,改善视觉质量,但SMILE术后角膜高阶像差更低、并发症发生率更小,整体效果更好。

屈光参差儿童双眼前节生物参数差异性分析

目的:分析屈光参差儿童双眼前节生物参数间的差异。方法:纳入235例6~15岁双眼屈光度相差≥1.00 D且双眼轴相差≥0.3 mm的儿童,分为双眼均近视(A组)、双眼均未近视(B组)和一眼近视一眼未近视(C组)。测量双眼前节生物学参数(角膜曲率、前房深度、晶体厚度)、屈光度、眼轴长度及体格发育指标(身高、体重、体重指数),分析屈光参差儿童双眼间眼前节生物学参数的差异,以及生物学参数与性别、体格发育指标的相关性。结果:每组儿童双眼间角膜曲率比较无统计学差异(均P>0.05),双眼间长眼轴眼前房深度大于短眼轴眼(均P<0.01)。A组和B组双眼间晶体厚度比较无统计学差异(P>0.05),而C组近视眼的晶体厚度薄于未近视眼(P<0.01)。双眼前节参数差异与性别及体格发育指标无相关性(均P>0.05)。结论:屈光参差儿童双眼角膜曲率无差异。长眼轴眼前房深于短眼轴者,已近视和未近视者晶体厚度双眼间比较无统计学差异,而一眼近视一眼未近视者近视眼晶体厚度薄于未近视眼,提示屈光参差患者在眼部发育过程中眼前节生物参数的变化可能存在不同的调控机制,且与性别及体格发育指标无相关性。

儿童屈光参差的临床治疗现状

儿童屈光参差是一种常见的眼睛问题,会导致视力模糊、眼睛疲劳和不适等症状。这种视觉问题主要由眼球的形状异常或眼轴长度异常引起,进而影响到光线准确进入视网膜的能力。不仅影响着儿童的日常生活,还可能对学习、生活和社交活动产生负面影响,因此需要通过科学方法展开治疗,从而实现视力的有效纠正和保护。本文全面介绍屈光参差的影响因素、常见症状表现、当前临床治疗现状,希望可以为临床医师提供参考,确保儿童屈光参差能够得到更加有效的诊断与治疗,确保其生活质量、视觉功能得到进一步提升。