Annealing behavior of radiation damage in JFET-input operational amplifiers

The elevated and room temperature annealing behavior of radiation damage in JFET-input operational amplifiers （op-amps） were investigated. High- and low-dose-rate irradiation results show that one of the JFET-input op-amps studied in this paper exhibits enhanced low-dose-rate sensitivity and the other shows time-dependent effect. The offset voltage of both op-amps increases during long-term annealing at room temperature. However, the offset voltage decreases at elevated temperature. The dramatic difference in annealing behavior at room and elevated temperatures indicates the migration behavior of radiation-induced species at elevated and room temperatures. This provides useful information to understand the degradation and annealing mechanisms in JFET-input op-amps under total ionizing radiation. Moreover, the annealing of oxide trapped charges should be taken into consideration, when using elevated temperature methods to evaluate low-dose-rate damage.

Investigation of the inhibiting outdiffusion of erbium atoms to a silicon-on-insulator surface after annealing at high temperature

The annealing behaviour of 400 keV Er ions at a fluence of 2×10^15 cm^-2 implanted into silicon-on-insulator（SOI） samples is investigated by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry of 2.1 MeV He^2＋ ions with a multiple scattering model.It is found that the damage close to the SOI surface is almost removed after being annealed in O2 and N2 atmospheres,successively,at ℃,and that only a small number of the Er atoms segregated to the surface of the SOI sample,whereas a large number of Er atoms diffused to a deeper position because of the affinity of Er for oxygen.For the SOI sample co-implanted with Er and O ions,there is no evident outdiffusion of Er atoms to the SOI surface after being annealed in N2 atmosphere at ℃.

Cu Partitioning Behavior and Its Effect on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 0.12C-1.33Mn-0.55Cu Q&P Steel

Cu, as an austenitic stable element, is added to steel in order to suppress the adverse effects of high content of C and Mn on welding. Based on C partitioning, Cu and Mn partitioning can further improve the stability of retained austenite in the intercritical annealing process. A sample of low carbon steel containing Cu was treated by the intercritical annealing, then quenching process（I＆Q）. Subsequently, another sample was treated by the intercritical annealing, subsequent austenitizing, then quenching and partitioning process（I＆Q＆P）. The effects of element partitioning behavior in intercritical region on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the steel were studied. The results showed that after the I＆Q process ferrite and martensite could be obtained, with C, Cu and Mn enriched in the martensite. When intercritically heated at 800 ℃, Cu and Mn were partitioned from ferrite to austenite, which was enhanced gradually as the heating time was increased. This partitioning effect was the most obvious when the sample was heated at 800 ℃ for 40 min. At the early stage of α→γ transformation, the formation of γ was controlled by the partitioning of carbon, while at the later stage, it was mainly affected by the partitioning of Cu and Mn. After the I＆Q＆P process, the partitioning effect of Cu and Mn element could be retained. C was assembled in retained austenite during the quenching and partitioning process. The strength and elongation of I＆Q＆P steel was increased by 5 305 MPa% compared with that subjected to Q＆P process. The volume fraction of retained autensite was increased from 8.5% to 11.2%. Hence, the content of retained austenite could be improved significantly by Mn and Cu partitioning, which increased the elongation of steel.

Fabrication of Microporous Membranes from Melt Extruded Polypropylene Precursor Films via Stretching: Effect of Annealing

In this work, the effects of annealing conditions on the microstructure of polypropylene（PP） precursor films and further on the porous structure and permeability of stretched membranes were investigated. Combinations of WAXD, FTIR, DSC and DMA results clearly showed the crystalline orientation and crystallinity of the precursor film increased with annealing temperature, while the molecular chain entanglements in the amorphous phase decreased. Changes in the deformation behavior suggested more lamellar separation occurred for the films annealed at higher temperatures. Surface morphologies of the membranes examined by SEM revealed more pore number and uniform porous structure as the annealing temperature increased. In accordance with the SEM results, the permeability of the membranes increased with annealing temperature. On the other hand, it was found that 10 min was almost enough for the annealing process to obtain the microporous membranes with an optimal permeability.