Electric Field Effects on Animals:Mechanism of Seismic Anomalous Animal Behaviors (SAABs)

Electric field effect on animals has been studied to investigate its relation with seismic anomalous animal behaviors(SAABs)in China.Freshwater eel,crucian carp,catfish,and soft-shelled turtle responded to the threshold electric field of 1-10 V/m,while duck,goose,cat,sheep,pig,dog,and chicken all responded to the ground electric field of about tens of V/m,depending on the species as well as on individuals.Most of the behaviors caused by electric field were similar to those reported as SAABs such as alignment,sudden movement,panic,and convulsion.The intensity of electric field due to a major earthquake would have been over these threshold values.Numerical estimation based on an electromagnetic model of a fault has been made to induce SAABs as electric shocks to pulsed electric fields in electro-physiology.The seismic electric signals(SES)intensity might be estimated from the observation of SAABs.

Characteristics of anomalous Hall effect in spin-polarized two-dimensional electron gases in the presence of both intrinsic,extrinsic,and external electric-field induced spin-orbit couplings

The various competing contributions to the anomalous Hall effect in spin-polarized two-dimensional electron gases in the presence of both intrinsic, extrinsic and external electric-field induced spin-orbit coupling were investigated theoretically. Based on a unified semiclassical theoretical approach, it is shown that the total anomalous Hall conductivity can be expressed as the sum of three distinct contributions in the presence of these competing spin-orbit interactions, namely an intrinsic contribution determined by the Berry curvature in the momentum space, an extrinsic contribution determined by the modified Bloch band group velocity and an extrinsic contribution determined by spin-orbit-dependent impurity scattering. The characteristics of these competing contributions are discussed in detail in the paper.

Nonmonotonic anomalous Hall effect and anisotropic magnetoresistance in SrRuO_(3)/PbZr_(0.52)Ti_(0.48)O_(3)heterostructures

We fabricate SrRuO_(3)/PbZr_(0.52)Ti_(0.48)O_(3)heterostructures each with an in-plane tensile-strained SrRuO_(3)layer and investigate the effect of an applied electric field on anomalous Hall effect.The four-fold symmetry of anisotropic magnetoresistance and the nonmonotonic variation of anomalous Hall resistivity are observed.By applying positive electric field or negative electric field,the intersecting hump-like feature is suppressed or enhanced,respectively.The sign and magnitude of the anomalous Hall conductivity can be effectively controlled with an electric field under a high magnetic field.The electric-field-modulated anomalous Hall effect is associated with the magnetization rotation in SrRuO_(3).The experimental results are helpful in modulating the magnetization rotation in spintronic devices based on SrRuO_(3)heterostructures.

Stacking相异模型融合的实验室异常用电行为检测

针对当前高校实验室异常用电行为,提出一种基于Stacking相异模型融合的异常行为检测方法。考虑相异基学习器挖掘实验室用电行为规律的差异性,对相异基学习器进行优选。利用随机森林作为元学习器,充分融合相异基学习器的优势,弥补各基学习器的缺陷,构建基于Stacking相异模型融合的集成学习模型。通过算例对比分析,验证了基于Stacking相异模型融合的集成学习模型能有效提升单一分类器的异常检测效果,在准确率、F1分数、ROC曲线下面积和误检率上均优于Bagging、Voting、Adaboost等集成学习方法并能适应样本不平衡的情况。

轴对称连续电性模型激电测井二维有限元数值模拟

激电测井是将电极排列置于钻孔中进行探测的一种测井方法,由于电极排列接近目标体,使得观测的异常信号较强,能够较好地划分目标体的埋藏深度。为了提高激电测井正演精度和方便激电测井电极排列的优化设计,笔者研究了轴对称连续电性介质模型的激电测井曲线二维有限元数值模拟方法。首先在轴对称坐标系下推导了稳恒电流激励异常电位满足的边值问题和变分问题,然后,根据轴对称连续电性介质模型,推导了激电测井曲线二维有限元数值模拟的理论公式,并在此基础上编制了激电测井二维有限元模拟程序,可用于模拟二极、三极和四极观测装置的激电测井曲线。最后,通过模型算例检验了程序的正确性,并分析了不同网格单元剖分尺度对激电测井曲线形态特征的影响,以及不同观测装置、不同极距下测井曲线的响应特征。研究为激电测井的电极排列设计提供了有利的辅助工具。

工业加热电炉高耗电异常DCS数据主动采集技术研究

工业加热电炉在运行过程中容易出现高耗电现象,且异常用电数据产生的频率较高、数据量较大,使得对异常数据的采集效率降低。为此,提出工业加热电炉高耗电异常分布式控制系统数据主动采集技术研究。利用局部平均值计算工业加热缺失DCS数据,采用拉格朗日插值法对其插补,对插补后的数据标准化处理。构建用电不平衡特征矩阵,采用局部离群因子检测算法,提取出用电异常数据特征集,构建基于长短期记忆网络(long short-term memory,简称LSTM)的分位数回归模型,实现工业电炉异常DCS数据的主动采集。实验结果表明,所提方法有效地提高了采集效率和采集精度,采集平均用时仅为029ms,其准确率-召回率在98%以上。

井地电位法的异常电位边值问题及其等价的变分问题

井地电位法是地下井中供电,并在供电地表观测的一种充电法。该方法在煤气田压裂成像、城市地下空间成像等地下动态导体的监测与成像领域应用广泛。井地电位法一般采用具有较高精度的异常电位有限单元法进行正演数值模拟。本文从电磁场论出发,推导了地下点电流源的总电位和异常电位的边值问题,并针对地下点电流源在无穷远边界上边界条件的解析表达式进行了详细的理论推导和论证;基于变分原理从地下点电流源的边值问题出发,推导、论证并得到了与之等价的变分问题,并结合地下任意线电流源正常电位的解析公式,推导得到地下任意线电流源异常电位的变分问题;基于互易定理验证了对上述结果的正确性。

高密度电测深在工作面上覆含水层及采空区探测中的应用

为超前识别韩家湾煤矿214203工作面上覆含水层及采空区的隐伏富水异常构造,为矿井防治水提供有效的技术支持,利用高密度电测深技术对其上覆含水层及采空区进行了高精度探测,设每个测点距为30 m,每个跑极点距10 m,使用防爆直流电法仪对各个测点进行测量。通过在地层中建立特定电场,发现随着工作面向前推进,探测区域受应力扰动和外界条件干扰可能会形成新的富水异常区域,同时对韩家湾煤矿214202工作面顶板含/导水构造进行分析。根据探测结果,划分了5处异常区域并对其分布范围和类型进行分析,对不同层段附近的电阻力进行分析发现异常横向分布位置基本相对应,异常分布特征相近似,有效识别了韩家湾煤矿煤层地质中富水异常区域,确定了水害异常区域的赋存状态和位置,为矿井安全高效生产保驾护航。

Study on electric variations of media in epicentral area by geomagnetic transfer functions

Taking the graph of the apparent resistivity Pyx in Lanzhou area, its geomagnetic transfer function variations andthe investigation of moderate-strong local earthquakes as example and from.the viewpoint of seismomagnetic effect,the authors found that subterranean conductivity values might be applied to the division of Lanzhou areafrom the surface downward into four layers, i. e., the anomalous, the transitional,the non-anomalous and theanomalous layer. Only the transfer function modular |A| and |B|,magnetic azimuth ap with its variance ap,and the total variance yi in the anomalous layers showed obvious anomalies with time changes. Thus, it could beconjectured that the anomalous layer was closely associated with the anisotropic variations of conductivity of thesubterranean media in the seismicity area.This phenomenon might provide a way to the further study of itsmechanism. It is needed to study the inherent connotation deeply.

Machine learning-based method to adjust electron anomalous conductivity profile to experimentally measured operating parameters of Hall thruster

The problem of determining the electron anomalous conductivity profile in a Hall thruster,when its operating parameters are known from the experiment,is considered.To solve the problem,we propose varying the parametrically set anomalous conductivity profile until the calculated operating parameters match the experimentally measured ones in the best way.The axial 1D3V hybrid model was used to calculate the operating parameters with parametrically set conductivity.Variation of the conductivity profile was performed using Bayesian optimization with a Gaussian process(machine learning method),which can resolve all local minima,even for noisy functions.The calculated solution corresponding to the measured operating parameters of a Hall thruster in the best way proved to be unique for the studied operating modes of KM-88.The local plasma parameters were calculated and compared to the measured ones for four different operating modes.The results show the qualitative agreement.An agreement between calculated and measured local parameters can be improved with a more accurate model of plasma-wall interaction.

An Extended Extrinsic Mechanism for Anomalous Hall Effect

The extrinsic mechanism for anomalous Hall effect in ferromagnets is extended to include the contributions both from spin-orbit-dependent impurity scattering and from the spin-orbit coupling induced by external electric fields. The results obtained suggest that, within the framework of the extrinsic mechanisms, the anomalous Hall current in a ferromagnet may also contain a substantial amount of dissipationless contribution independent of impurity scattering. After the contribution from the spin-orbit coupling induced by external electric fields is included, the total anomalous Hall conductivity is about two times larger than that due to soin-orbit dependent impurity scatterings.

Anomalous Rutherford Scattering Solved Magnetically

After one century of nuclear physics, the anomalous Rutherford scattering remains a puzzle: its underlying fundamental laws are still missing. The only presently recognized electromagnetic interaction in a nucleus is the so-called Coulomb electric force, in 1/r, only positive thus repulsive in official nuclear physics, explaining the Rutherford scattering at low kinetic energy of the impacting alpha particles. At high kinetic energy the Rutherford scattering formula doesn’t work, thus called “anomalous scattering”. I have discovered that, to solve the problem, it needs only to replace, at high kinetic energy, the Coulomb repulsive electric potential in 1/r, by the also repulsive magnetic Poisson potential in 1/r3. In log-log coordinates, one observes two straight lines of slopes, respectively −2 and −6. They correspond with the −1 and −3 exponents of the only repulsive electric and magnetic interactions, multiplied by 2 due to the cross-sections. Both Rutherford (normal and anomalous) scattering have been calculated electromagnetically. No attractive force needed.

成都地震监测中心站大气电场数据特征分析

基于成都地震监测中心站大气电场监测数据,结合气象观测资料,统计分析不同气象条件下大气电场强度的时序变化特征。结果显示:晴天大气电场峰值出现在08∶00,电场峰值变化范围为0.2~0.4 kV/m,日变化特征较为明显,冬季晴天大气电场强度较大,季节变化特征显著。雷暴天气大气电场峰值绝对值大于4.0 kV/m,大气电场强度正负交替、剧烈变化特征明显。降雨天气大气电场峰值绝对值变化范围为0.5~1.7 kV/m,大气电场持续负值变化特征明显。基于区域大气电场异常分析,研究气象因素对大气电场异常影响的共性特征,为有效判识地质构造活动引起的大气电场前兆异常信号提供研究基础。

井地电法点电源供电地表异常电场分布特征实验研究

井地电法供电点位置与地表电位分布关系密切。为研究点电源供电时供电点位于电性异常层上、下不同位置时地表电位的分布特征,通过物理模型研究的方法,采用铜圆柱体作为固定的点电源供电,利用有机玻璃模拟高阻体,通过三维电位观测系统,获得高阻体位于供电源上、下不同深度时水面测得的电位值,计算该值与无异常体存在所测得的背景场电位值的差值作为异常电场,进一步分析异常电场的特征,推断异常体的空间展布情况。模拟实验表明,点源供电时供电点与异常体越近,其地表异常电位值越高,并且供电点源位于异常体下方时其在地表的异常形态越接近其真实形态。

电性源地—井瞬变电磁异常场响应特征初步分析

地—井瞬变电磁法是在地面发射、井(钻孔)中接收的装置形式,能够利用已有钻孔使接收探头深入地下更加接近目标体,获得更加可靠的信息。该装置对于深部低阻体,尤其当存在低阻覆盖层、矿化等地质干扰情况下,对于规模不大的深部良导矿体的探测能力较强。相对于磁性发射源,电性发射源勘查范围更广,适合地形起伏矿区开展工作。本文旨在通过研究电性发射源条件下钻孔中地下电性界面的异常特征,为实际勘查工作的定性分析提供参考。文中通过一维模型正演模拟对三分量瞬变响应异常特征进行了初步分析,结果表明,由于瞬变响应总场中叠加了背景场和异常场的响应,曲线形态复杂,仅在中晚期道电界面反映明显;而异常场曲线形态相对简单,对电性界面反映明显;整体上水平分量的异常显示度高于垂直分量。通过数值模拟分析获得了对于电性源地—井TEM钻孔中三分量曲线形态的初步认识,验证了电性发射源条件下地—井TEM对于确定电性界面的有效性,能够为进一步研究提供参考。

青海忠阳铜矿床的激电异常特征及解释

探讨青海省忠阳铜矿床的激电异常特征,为同类型的矿床地球物理勘探提供借鉴。通过在矿区开展激发极化法,圈定激电异常,分析激电异常与呈透镜体产出的铜矿(化)体和控矿构造的空间分布关系。青海忠阳铜矿床上的激电异常特征和分布情况,对呈透镜体状产出的铜矿(化)体,以及含铜铁矿(化)层反应比较明显,根据从已知到未知的物探异常的解释推断原则,解释推断所获激电异常是含矿(化)体,例如推断Ⅰ号异常是由含铜矿地层引起,已由工程验证和控制。

基于虚拟变量与时间序列法的电量需求预测

在使用时间序列法预测电量需求的过程中,引入虚拟变量,量化关键不确定性因素对电量需求的影响,构建基于时间序列法和虚拟变量法的预测模型。该模型能够对参与回归的电量数据进行较好的平滑处理,从而更好地拟合电量需求的变化趋势。算例分析表明,使用该模型预测电量需求的准确性较高,在实际工作中具有可行性和有效性。

基于国家电波观测站网电离层垂测数据的地震电离层异常研究进展

地震电离层异常现象已被大量观测所证实,地震电离层异常的特征分析及其物理机理研究对开展地震监测意义重大.近年来,中国电波传播研究所利用国家电波观测站网长期积累的电离层垂测数据,开展了震例分析及其机理研究,初步获得了震前电离层的异常特征,并建立了岩石圈-大气层-电离层电场耦合物理模型.本文简要介绍了近年来我们在该领域的研究进展,并对该领域的发展方向提出建议.

考虑谐波及集肤效应的电工钢片旋转异常损耗计算与测量

为了准确计算电工钢片的旋转异常损耗,根据谐波分析原理对建立的电工钢叠片有限元模型进行时步有限元仿真;基于旋转铁心损耗计算模型,通过考虑涡流集肤效应对旋转损耗系数的影响结合钢片在中低频率下的损耗测试获得叠片损耗计算的关键系数,间接求得电工钢片中旋转异常损耗的计算式。利用构建的新型三维磁特性测试系统对典型电工钢叠片样品进行椭圆形旋转与交变励磁方式下的宽频铁耗实验测量,并定量地进行了对比与分析。结果表明:2种励磁方式下叠片损耗的变化规律相类似,但其椭圆形旋转各损耗都要比交变时的对应损耗大,必须认真考虑谐波、集肤效应和旋转励磁等对材料特性的影响;所计算出的旋转异常损耗也是相对较小,在1 k Hz时也未占到旋转总铁耗的5%。从而验证了所推导出的计算式和测量手段的正确性与可行性。

连续电性介质线源井-地电位三维有限元数值模拟

为了更好的研究油藏开发过程中剩余油的分布情况以及注水前沿的推进位置,给出了三维空间任意线电流源且电导率连续变化的井-地电位三维有限元数值模拟方法。在模拟过程中,采用异常电位法消除线电流源奇异性的影响,并且将网格节点间的电导率设计为连续变化,使其能够模拟实际中更为复杂的地质情况;考虑到采油井或注水井可能存在垂直、倾斜及水平等任意情况,推导了任意线电流源正常电位的计算公式;采用对称超松弛预条件共轭梯度法解大型线性方程组,解决了井-地电位三维模拟速度慢的问题,并编制了实用、高效的井-地电位三维模拟软件。通过对3例地电模型进行模拟计算,分析了水泥环胶结质量、回流井到观测井的距离以及目标层的深度对井-地电位观测结果的影响。