Meta analysis of application of acupuncture combined with drug anesthesia in anorectal surgery

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture combined drug anesthesia and simple drug anesthesia in anorectal surgery.Methods:The randomized controlled trials of acupuncture combined with drug anesthesia was evaluated using Cochrane systematic review method.The search scope was China National Knowledge Internet,wanfang database,China Biomedical Literature,Pubmed and Embase.The deadline was December 31,2018.The randomized controlled trials of acupuncture combined with anesthesia that met the inclusion criteria were selected.In terms of trial quality evaluation,Cochrane risk bias was used for evaluation.Finally,RevMan 5.2 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:This study finally included 15 articles,a total of 1321 patients.The heterogeneity of significant rate was good,and the combined effect amount OR was 3.55(95%CI[2.06,6.12]).The combined effect quantitative test(Z=4.57,P<0.00001)showed that there was a statistical significance,indicating that acupuncture combined drug anesthesia was better than simple anesthesia in anorectal surgery.The heterogeneity of adverse reactions was good,and the combined effect test(Z=8.88,P<0.00001)showed that there was a statistical significance,indicating that the adverse reaction rate of acupuncture combined with drug anesthesia was lower than that of simple drug anesthesia in the anorectal surgery.Conclusion:Compared with simple drug anesthesia,acupuncture combined with drug anesthesia can improve the anesthesia effect and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions in anorectal surgery.

A study of acupoint selection rules of moxibustion and auricular point therapy in the treatment of urinary retention after anorectal surgery based on data mining

Based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(V2.5),we explored the compatibility rules of moxibustion and auricular point prescriptions in the treatment of urinary retention after anorectal surgery,and further to obtain new prescriptions.Methods:We searched CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and CBM databases for the literature of moxibustion and auricular point therapy for urinary retention after anorectal surgery,collecting complete prescriptions and entering them into the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(V2.5).The acupoint frequency,association rules,and combination rules were analyzed by data mining method of software integration.Results:126 moxibustion prescriptions were selected,and the acupoints for urinary retention after anorectal surgery in the literature were analyzed,including 10 acupoints with frequency≥6,9 acupoint combinations with frequency≥26,5 acupoints with association rules,6 core acupoint combinations and 3 new prescription.124 auricular point prescriptions were selected,and the relevant acupoints in the literature were analyzed,including 10 acupoints with frequency of use≥18,15 acupoint combinations with frequency≥40,12 acupoint combinations with association rules,6 core acupoint combinations,and 3 new prescriptions.The core points include Qihai(RN6),Sanyinjiao(SP6),Zhongji(RN3),Guanyuan(RN4).The auricular point therapy is more to select the tenderness points and acupoints that have an impact on the urinary system,mainly including“Pangguang”(CO9),“Shenmen”(TF4),“Shen”(CO10),“Sanjiao”(CO17),“Pizhixia”(AT4),“Niaodao”(HX3),“Fei”(CO14),“Jiaogan”(AH6a).Conclusion:Moxibustion for the treatment of urinary retention is mainly based on invigorating“Primordial Qi”and regulating the functions of“Middle Jiao”(refers to the area of the body just below the diaphragm and above the navel that helps produce delicate nutrients).The entropic clustering of complex systems excavated new prescriptions for the treatment of urinary retention after anorectal surgery,providing new ideas for future research and treatment.

Clinical Effect of Fuming-Washing with Traditional Chinese Medicine after Anorectal Surgery

Objective:To observe the effect of fuming-washing with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)after anorectal surgery.Methods:116 cases of patients with surgical operation were selected in the anorectal department of our hospital,which is Shenzhen Bao'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenzhen.According to the different postoperative adjuvant treatment methods implemented by patients,they were divided into two groups under the premise of equal number of patients.Among them,58 cases of patients with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)fuming-washing treatment were divided into study group,and patients with hip bath treatment with potassium permanganate solution were divided into common group.The efficacy of adjuvant therapy was observed.Results:The observation and analysis showed that the actual effect of TCM adjuvant therapy was more prominent,and the difference between groups was more significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The effect of traditional Chinese medicine adjuvant therapy is more significant than that of chemical method,which can help patients achieve better postoperative recovery effect.We should popularize this treatment in time for patients after surgery,and improve the prognosis of patients.

Therapeutic Effect of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Anal Pruritus After Anorectal Surgery

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on anal pruritus after anorectal surgery.Methods:Ninety-eight patients with anal pruritus after anorectal surgery in our hospital were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups,the control group(50 cases)and the study group(48 cases),according to the treatment plan.The control group was under a simple western medicine treatment plan,while the study group was under an integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment plan.The overall efficacy,severity of anal pruritus,time to eliminate clinical symptoms,and anxiety and depression scores of the two groups of patients under different treatment plans were compared.Results:After two weeks of treatment,the total effective rate of the study group was 95.83%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(82.00%,P<0.05).After 7 and 14 days of treatment,the anal pruritus scores improved significantly in both the groups,but the study group was superior to the control group,with statistical difference(P<0.01).The time of disappearance of skin itching and skin damage in the study group was shorter than that in the control group.After 14 days of treatment,the anxiety and depression scores of both groups were lower than those after 7 days of treatment;however,there was statistical difference between the two groups(P<0.01).Conclusion:In the clinical treatment of anorectal postoperative diseases,such as anal pruritus,the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine can significantly improve the symptoms of pruritus,shorten the time of disappearance of clinical symptoms,improve depression and anxiety,and create a positive clinical application value in promoting the rehabilitation of patients and improving their quality of life.

Trends in the management of anorectal melanoma:A multiinstitutional retrospective study and review of the world literature

BACKGROUND Anorectal melanoma(ARM)is a rare disease with a poor prognosis.Evidence on optimal treatment is limited and surgical management varies widely.We hypothesized that the frequency of abdominoperineal resection used as primary treatment of ARM has decreased over the past several decades.AIM To update our understanding of outcomes for patients with ARM and analyze management trends around the world.METHODS This is a multi-institutional,retrospective study of patients treated for ARM at 7 hospitals.Hospitals included both large,academic,tertiary care centers and smaller,general community hospitals.Using prospectively maintained institutional tumor registries,we identified 24 patients diagnosed with ARM between January 2000 and May 2019.We analyzed factors prognostic for recurrence and survival.We then used Cox regression to measure overall survival(OS)and melanoma-specific survival.We also performed a literature review to assess trends in surgical management and outcomes.RESULTS Of the 24 patients diagnosed with ARM,12(50.0%)had local,8(33.3%)regional,and 4(16.7%)distant disease at diagnosis.Median time to recurrence was 10.4 mo[interquartile range(IQR)7.5-17.2]with only 2 patients(9.3%)not developing recurrence following surgical resection.Median OS was 18.8 mo(IQR 13.5-33.9).One patient is still alive without recurrence at 21.4 mo from diagnosis;no other patient survived 5 years.Primary surgical management with abdominoperineal resection(APR)vs wide excision(WE)did not lead to differences in OS[hazard ratio=1.4(95%CI:0.3-6.8)].Review of the literature revealed geographic differences in surgical management of ARM,with increased use of WE in the United States and Europe over time and more frequent use of APR in Asia and India.There was no significant improvement in survival over time.CONCLUSION There is wide variation in the management of ARM and survival outcomes remain poor regardless of approach.Surgical management should aim to minimize morbidity.

Primary Anorectal Melanomas Interest of Targeting C-KIT in Two Cases from a Series of 11 Patients

Background: The anorectal location of melanomas is extremely rare (1% - 3% of all melanomas), and the prognosis remains poor because of the aggressiveness and the high metastatic potential of those tumors. The discovery that the KIT oncogene may be aberrantly activated in a subset of patients with anorectal melanoma creates a realm of possibility for the development of targeted molecular therapy. Aim: to show the epidemiologic, clinico-radiological, histological features and treatment management especially in patients with over-expression of C-KIT treated by Imatinib. Methods: It is a retrospective study conducted in the department of medical oncology at Hassan II University Hospital between January 2007 and January 2012, including all patients with histologically proven melanoma of the anorectal area. Results: 11 cases were collected, with slight female predominance. Nine patients were metastatic at the moment of diagnosis, and only two with local stage, but evolution was marked by local and distant recurrence less than 12 months after abdo-minoperineal resection. First line of chemotherapy was based mainly on paclitaxel, carboplatine and dacarbazine. Response was modest with only 3 partial responses, 4 patients with disease stability, and 4 patients with disease progression. Two patients, with over expression of C-KIT, received Imatinib as second line of treatment with significant improvement of symptoms and radiological response reaching 50%. Seven patients died with a median survival of 11 months from diagnosis to the date of death. Conclusion: Primary anorectal melanomas are very rare, with high aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Treatment management is still a big challenge given to the modest efficacy of conventional chemotherapy. Better understanding of carcinogenesis and signaling pathways will allow development of new targeted therapies.

Advances in minimally invasive neonatal colorectal surgery

Over the last two decades, advances in laparoscopic surgery and minimally invasive techniques have transformed the operative management of neonatal colorectal surgery for conditions such as anorectal malformations (ARMs) and Hirschsprung&#x02019;s disease. Evolution of surgical care has mainly occurred due to the use of laparoscopy, as opposed to a laparotomy, for intra-abdominal procedures and the development of trans-anal techniques. This review describes these advances and outlines the main minimally invasive techniques currently used for management of ARMs and Hirschsprung&#x02019;s disease. There does still remain significant variation in the procedures used and this review aims to report the current literature comparing techniques with an emphasis on the short- and long-term clinical outcomes.

基于大黄散穴位贴敷的中西医结合便秘防治护理在肛肠术后的应用观察

目的比较对肛肠术后患者采取大黄散穴位贴敷的中西医结合护理与传统一般护理对预防便秘的疗效差异。方法回顾性研究2021年1月至2022年2月福建中医药大学附属人民医院肛肠科150例肛肠手术后患者预防便秘的方法,按照治疗方式不同分为大黄散穴位贴敷观察组和传统对照组,每组各75例。观察组在一般护理方法基础上采用大黄散穴位贴敷治疗,对照组采用一般护理方法。比较干预前后两组患者排便积分、Bristol大便性状分型、便秘发生情况、便秘相关不良事件发生等情况。结果干预前,两组患者排便积分对比差异无统计学意义(P=0.987)。干预后,观察组患者排便积分低于对照组(P=0.034);与对照组相比,观察组患者大便性状改善,便秘发生率降低,灌肠率降低,腹痛减少,肠道出血比例降低,肛门疼痛减少,预防便秘的总有效率高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论肛肠术后患者采用大黄散穴位贴敷的中西医结合护理的便秘防护护理,与传统一般护理方法比较,能更好改善患者便秘情况。

中医综合疗法联合穴位贴敷预防肛肠病术后患者便秘的效果分析

目的:分析中医综合疗法联合穴位敷贴预防肛肠患者术后患者便秘的效果。方法:选择2020年1月~2023年2月在我院收治的肛肠患者术后患者106例,随机将患者分为研究组和对照组,两组各53例。研究组患者接受中医综合疗法联合穴位贴敷预防术后便秘,对照组患者仅接受穴位贴敷预防术后便秘,观察两组患者术后首次排便时间、便秘中医证候、便秘症状、生活质量(PAC-QOL)及治疗期间术后并发症发生情况。结果:干预后,研究组患者首次排便时间早于对照组患者(P<0.05);研究组患者便秘中医证候评分及便秘症状、PAC-QOL评分均低于干预前(P<0.05),且研究组患者低于对照组患者(P<0.05);干预期间,研究组患者并发症发生率明显低于对照组患者(P<0.05)。结论:中医疗法联合穴位贴敷应用于肛肠患者术后康复中可促进术后首次排便,预防和改善便秘症状,提高生活质量并减少术后并发症发生风险,值得推广应用。

针药复合麻醉在肛肠手术中的临床研究进展

我国针刺镇痛的疗法已有两千余年历史,然而,单纯针刺常常达不到理想的麻醉镇痛效果,多采用针药复合麻醉,目前针药复合麻醉已被广泛应用于多种外科手术中。现阶段关于针药复合麻醉仍缺乏统一操作标准、客观评价指标,需要进一步研究和探索。本文通过搜集近5年针药复合麻醉应用于肛肠手术的临床相关文献,综述针药复合麻醉在肛肠手术中的应用进展、选穴配穴规律及电针参数选择,并提出肛肠手术中针药复合麻醉的建议方案,以期为临床工作者提供参考。

肛肠疾病日间手术前患者等待体验质性研究

目的探讨肛肠疾病日间手术前患者等待期间的经历,获得患者对日间手术的态度、入院流程体验及其需求。方法采用目的抽样法选取2023-04—2023-05在河南省某三级甲等医院13例预约日间手术的肛肠疾病患者进行半结构式访谈,采用Colaizzi七步法对访谈资料进行分析、归纳、提炼主题。结果肛肠疾病日间手术患者的术前等待体验可以被提炼为三个主题:(1)术前信息告知不充分。(2)寻求症状管理。(3)家庭-社会支持需求。结论肛肠疾病日间手术患者对日间手术模式了解较少,在术前等待过程中,应增加日间手术单元的护士参与。重视患者疾病相关症状的评估,关注日间手术患者家庭-社会支持需求,并为其提供相应支持。

小承气汤中药灌肠联合复方聚乙二醇电解质散剂用于妇科术前的效果

目的探讨小承气汤中药灌肠联合复方聚乙二醇电解质散剂用于妇科手术前肠道清洁的临床效果。方法选取2021年3月—2022年12月江苏省邳州市中医院收治的82例妇科手术患者为研究对象,以双盲抽签法随机分为对照组和研究组,各41例。对照组予以复方聚乙二醇电解质散剂治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合应用小承气汤中药灌肠治疗,比较两组临床效果。结果研究组肠道清洁效果优良性为97.56%,高于对照组的85.37%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.904,P<0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率为2.44%,低于对照组的4.88%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组术后首次排气、排便时间明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论小承气汤中药灌肠联合复方聚乙二醇电解质散剂用于妇科手术前可保障良好的肠道清洁效果,且安全性较高,可促使术后及早排气及排便。

罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼骶管阻滞在肛肠手术麻醉中的应用分析

目的:分析罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼骶管阻滞在肛肠手术麻醉中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年2月—2022年2月上饶市人民医院收治的130例肛肠手术患者,采用区组随机化分组法将其分为复合组与单药组,各65例。患者均采用骶管阻滞镇痛方式,单药组使用罗哌卡因进行麻醉,复合组则采用罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼进行麻醉。比较两组术中牵拉反射程度、麻醉效果(麻醉持续时间、总体麻醉效果、最高运动阻滞到达时间)、镇痛效果[镇痛起效时间、数字评分法(NRS)]、双下肢肌力恢复时间、自主排尿恢复时间、不良反应发生情况。结果:复合组术中牵拉反射程度,术后2、6、12、24 h的NRS评分,不良反应总发生率均明显低于单药组(P<0.05);麻醉持续时间、最高运动阻滞到达时间、镇痛起效时间、双下肢肌力恢复时间、自主排尿恢复时间均短于单药组(P<0.05);总体麻醉效果明显优于单药组(P<0.05)。结论:在肛肠手术麻醉中,罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼骶管阻滞可有效缩短镇痛起效时间,同时具有较高的麻醉及镇痛效果,还可在一定程度上促进术后恢复,降低不良反应发生。

基于中医骨伤辨证分组的中医综合护理对膝关节术后病人的影响

目的:探究基于中医骨伤辨证分组的中医综合护理对膝关节术后病人情绪、疼痛和功能康复的影响。方法:通过便利抽样选取我院2020年4月—2022年6月骨科收治的180例膝关节手术病人为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组及对照组,各90例。对照组围术期开展骨科常规护理,试验组在此基础上开展中医骨伤辨证分组的中医综合护理,评估两组术前、术后情绪状态,记录病人术后疼痛情况、膝关节功能和日常生活能力。结果:试验组术后1周抑郁、焦虑评分均明显低于对照组,术后12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h疼痛评分低于对照组,术后2周和术后4周膝关节功能评分、日常生活活动能力评分均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对膝关节手术病人实施基于中医骨伤辨证分组的中医综合护理,可有效缓解病人术后焦虑、抑郁情绪,减轻病人术后疼痛感,有利于病人术后功能康复。

整形外科技术在肛肠常见疾病的临床研究进展

随着专科技术的不断发展,患者对术后肛门功能和形态需求的增加,整形外科技术在肛肠常见疾病中的运用凸显重要,促使我们不断提升手术技巧来达到更好的治疗效果。相比于传统手术而言,整形外科技术具有切除病损、维持肛门功能和形态并存,术后并发症少,临床疗效明显等优势。现将近年来关于整形外科技术在肛肠常见疾病的临床研究进展综述如下,以期为临床诊治提供全面的思路,最大限度发挥整形外科技术在肛肠常见疾病中的优势,满足广大患者的“美肛”需求。

自拟黄芪败酱汤对妇科术后发热患者症状改善的影响

目的探究自拟黄芪败酱汤治疗妇科手术后发热患者的临床疗效。方法选取该院妇科住院部术后发热患者80例,采用随机数字表法分为治疗组40例和对照组40例,对照组给予亚胺培南抗感染、补液等常规治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加以自拟黄芪败酱汤辨证治疗,比较两组治疗后临床有效率、中医症状积分、体温变化(第一次体温恢复正常时间、体温波动幅度、住院时间)、炎症反应[白细胞计数(WBC)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)],记录两组患者治疗期间不良反应。结果治疗后,治疗组临床有效率为92.5%(37/40),明显高于对照组的72.5%(29/40),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组主症及次症中医症状积分均降低(P<0.05),且治疗组治疗后低于对照组(P<0.05);两组体温均较治疗前逐渐降低(P<0.05),且治疗组治疗第3~7天体温低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组首次体温恢复时间以及住院时间均较对照组短(P<0.05);治疗第3、5天,两组WBC、CRP、PCT、IL-6水平较治疗前逐渐降低,组内不同时间点比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且治疗组治疗第3、5天时上述指标均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗期间,两组均未见明显不良反应。结论自拟黄芪败酱汤可提高妇科手术后发热患者的临床有效率,改善患者症状和炎症反应,临床应用价值较高。

各种教学模式在肛肠外科住院医师规范化培训中的综合应用

住院医师规范化培训对于培养高质量、全面素养的医学专业人才具有重要意义。肛肠外科是普通外科学的分支学科,其专业化程度和独立性很高,教学难度大。目前,肛肠外科的住院医师培训中还存在临床轮转时间短、手术机会不足、教学资源不足和先进技术培训不足等诸多问题。为了培养全面发展的、高素质的医学专业人才,采用多样化的教学模式是至关重要的。通过综合应用这些教学模式,可以进一步提高住院医师在肛肠外科规范化培训的质量,使他们在理论知识、实践技能、临床经验和团队协作等各个方面都能全面发展。

基于中医护理门诊的个案管理对乳腺癌术后淋巴水肿的干预效果

目的 探讨中医护理门诊结合个案管理对于乳腺癌术后淋巴水肿患者的干预效果,为完善延续护理、提升患者生活质量提供参考。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2022年6月至2023年6月收治于上海市宝山区中西医结合医院的60例乳腺癌术后淋巴水肿患者作为研究对象,按照入院先后顺序分组,以2022年6-12月入院的30例患者作为对照组,给予常规护理联合中医乳腺护理门诊随访;以2023年1-6月入院的30例患者作为观察组,在对照组基础上结合个案管理;两组均干预6个月。比较两组患者入院1~2 d、出院后3个月及6个月时的患肢水肿情况,以及入院1~2 d及出院后6个月时的中医症候积分、自我护理能力量表(ESCA)与乳腺癌患者生命质量测定量表(FACT-B)评分情况。结果 出院3个月及6个月时,观察组患者两侧臂围周径差值均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。出院6个月后,观察组患者中医症候积分低于对照组(P<0.05),且ESCA及FACT-B评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 基于中医乳腺护理门诊的个案管理模式可确保患者在出院回归家庭的过渡阶段能得到连续、有效的专业护理,有助于减轻乳腺癌术后患者淋巴水肿,缓解相关不适症状,对于提升患者自我护理能力、改善生命质量有积极促进作用。

基于网络药理学探讨芪榆三黄膏治疗肛肠术后创面愈合不良的作用机制

目的 基于网络药理学探讨芪榆三黄膏治疗肛肠术后创面愈合不良的作用机制。方法 采用中医药系统药理学数据库(TCMSP)对芪榆三黄膏的活性成分进行筛选,并利用Swiss Target Prediction数据库预测其活性成分的潜在靶点;使用Genecards数据库、Disgenet数据库和OMIM数据库检索肛肠病术后创面愈合不良的相关靶点;通过STRING数据库构建药物与疾病交集靶点的蛋白互作网络(PPI),获得芪榆三黄膏治疗肛肠病术后创面愈合不良的关键靶标;运用DAVID数据库对关键靶标进行基因本体论(GO)功能与基因组百科全书(KEGG)信号通路富集分析,并搭建疾病-通路-靶点-成分-药物网络。结果 筛选得到芪榆三黄膏的药效成分91个、药物靶点154个、肛肠术后创面愈合不良靶点679个,最终得到药物-疾病关键靶点26个,富集分析后获得175个GO功能项目和68条KEGG信号通路。结论 芪榆三黄膏的活性成分可经PI3K-Akt、IL-17、MAPK、AGE-RAGE等通路,作用于TNF、IL-2、AKT1、EGFR、GSK3B等靶点,来发挥抑制炎症反应、促进血管再生、调控细胞增殖和凋亡等作用。

中医特色的ERAS理念下多学科合作在高龄骨折患者围手术期的应用研究

目的研究中医特色的快速康复外科(ERAS)理念下多学科合作在高龄骨折患者围手术期的应用。方法60例股骨粗隆间骨折患者按照随机数字表法分为两组,观察组在围手术期通过多学科合作模式,采用多项中医适宜技术联合中药内服调理干预,对照组采用常规方法治疗,干预结束后,从多项指标进行对比、评价。结果观察组患者的首次下床时间及住院时间均明显短于对照组(P<0.01);尿潴留、便秘、压疮、深静脉血栓、睡眠障碍等并发症发生情况比较,观察组发生率均明显少于对照组(P<0.05);在疼痛评分,HAMD、HAMA心理状态评分、Harris髋关节评分、骨折愈合X线评分方面比较,观察组患者均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论中医特色的ERAS理念下多学科合作模式,内外兼治,可极大地促进高龄骨折患者快速康复。