Anthranilic acid derivatives from Inula japonica

Three new anthranilic acid derivatives, N-heneicosanoylanthranilic acid （1b）, N-tricosanoylanthranilic acid （1d）, N-tetracosanoylanthranilic acid （1e）, and two known N-arachidylanthranilic acid （1a） and N-docosanoylanthranilic acid （1c） were isolated from the aerial parts of lnula japonica Thunb. Their structures were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods.

2D-QSAR Studies on Anthranilic Acid Derivatives: A Novel Class of Allosteric Inhibitors of Hepatitis C NS5B Polymerase

Quantitative structure activity relationship （QSAR） studies were performed on 45 anthranilic acid derivatives for their potent allosteric inhibition activities of HCV NSSB polymerase. Genetic algorithm based genetic function approximation （GFA） method of variable selection was used to generate the model. Highly statistically significant model with r^2 = 0.966 and r^2cv = 0.951 was obtained when the number of descriptors in the equation was set to 5. High r^2pred value of 0.884 indicates the good predictive power of the best model. Spatial descriptors of radius of gyration （RadOfGration）, molecular volume （Vm）, length of molecule in the z dimension （Shadow-Zlength）, thermodynamic descriptors of the octanol/water partition coefficient （LogP） and molecular refractivity index （MR） showed enormous contributions to HCV NS5B polymerase inhibition. The validation of the model was done by leave-one-out （LOO） test, randomization tests and external test set prediction. The model gives insight on indispensable structural requirements for the activity and can be used to design more potent analogs against HCV NSSB polymerase.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Biological Activities of Novel Anthranilic(Isophthalic) Acid Esters

In search of environmentally benign insecticides with high activity, low toxicity and low resistance, a series of novel anthranilic（isophthalic） acid esters was designed and synthesized based on the structure of ryanodine modulating agent. All the compounds were characterized by 1H NMR spectra, elemental analysis or high resolution mass spectrometry（HRMS）. The preliminary results of biological activity assessment indicate that some of the title compounds exhibit certain but unremarkable insecticidal activity against Mythimna separata Walker at 200 mg/L and fungicidal activities against five funguses at 50 mg/L.

Practical approach to 2-thioxo-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one via dithiocarbamate–anthranilic acid reaction

A practical and straightforward protocol has been developed for the preparation of 2-thioxo-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4（1H）-one derivatives from dithiocarbamate chemistry. The method involves the reaction of anthranilic acid derivatives（2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-aminobenzamide and isatoic anhydride）with various dithiocarbamate derivatives using ethanol as solvent. The main advantages of this protocol include practical simplicity, good to high yields, and ease of product isolation, purification and cheapness of the solvent.

Metal complexes of anthranilic acid derivatives: A new class of noncompetitive α-glucosidase inhibitors

Metal complexes of anthranilic acid derivatives that constitute a novel class of non-sugar-type α- glucosidase inhibitors were synthesized and assessed in vitro for inhibitory activity. All of the AgO） complexes （9-16） inhibited α-glucosidase at the nanomolar scale, while 3,5-dichloroanthranilic acid silver（1） （9） was the most potent （ICso = 3.21 nmol/L）. Analysis of the kinetics of enzyme inhibition indicated that the mechanism of the newly prepared silver complexes was noncompetitive. The structure-activity relationships were also analyzed, and thev are discussed in this report.

Microwave-assisted chemoselective copper-catalyzed amination of o-chloro and o-bromobenzoic acids using aromatic amines under solvent free conditions

Copper-catalyzed synthesis of N-aryl anthranilic acid derivatives using effective amination of 2-chloro and 2-bromobenzoic acid under microwave irradiation is reported. Some of the advantages of this method are high chemoselectivity, short reaction times, ease of work up procedure and elimination of the need for acid protection. 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society.

Differences of Plasma Levels of Tryptophan, Serotonin, 5-Hydroxyindole Acetic Acid, and Kynurenine between Healthy People and Patients of Major Monopolar Depression at Various Age and Gender

Background: It is not well analyzed whether there are differences in plasma levels of tryptophan (TRP) metabolites between healthy control people (HC) and patients of major monopolar depression (MMD). Methods: Ultra high-speed liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry has been used for the simultaneous determination of plasma levels of tryptophan metabolites in depressive patients. Results: There are no significant differences between plasma levels of TRP between HC and MMD. Plasma levels of TRP of HC are higher in young men, young women, old men, and old women in this order. Serotonin (5-HT) levels are higher in MMD than HC. Plasma levels of 5-HIAA of HC are also higher than those of patients of MMD. Plasma levels of kynurenine (KYN) of healthy old men and old women are higher than those of young men and old women. Plasma levels of KYN are higher in old women and young men of MMD than those of HC. Conclusion: Plasma levels of 5-HT are higher in patients of MMD than those of HC, which may suggest that use of drugs inhibiting the 5-HT transportation may increase plasma levels of 5-HT in MMD.

The transient receptor potential melastatin 2:a new therapeutical target for Parkinson's disease?

The transient receptor potential melastatin 2 is a calcium-permeable cation channel member of the TRP family. Also known as an oxidative stress-activated channel, the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 gating mechanism is dependent on reactive oxygen species. In pathological conditions, transient receptor potential melastatin 2 is overactivated, leading to a Ca~(2+) influx that alters cell homeostasis and promotes cell death. The role of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and ischemia, has already been described and reviewed. However, data on transient receptor potential melastatin 2 involvement in Parkinson's disease pathology has emerged only in recent years and the issue lacks review studies that focus specifically on this topic. The present review aims to elucidate the role of the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 channel in Parkinson's disease by reviewing, summarizing, and discussing the in vitro, in vivo, and human studies published until August 2022. Here we describe fourteen studies that evaluated the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 channel in Parkinson's disease. The Parkinson's disease model used, transient receptor potential melastatin 2 antagonist and genetic approaches, and the main outcomes reported were discussed. The studies described transient receptor potential melastatin 2 activation and enhanced expression in different Parkinson's disease models. They also evidenced protective and restorative effects when using transient receptor potential melastatin 2 antagonists, knockout, or silencing. This review provides a literature overview and suggests where there is a need for more research. As a perspective point, this review shows evidence that supports transient receptor potential melastatin 2 as a pharmacological target for Parkinson's disease in the future.

Synthesis and Anti-inflammatory Action of (η-C_5H_5)_2Ti(Sal)_2 and (η-C_5H_5)_2Ti(Clo)_2

Two new complexes （Cp）2Ti （Sal）2 and（Cp）2Ti（Clo）2 （Cp=Cyclopentadienyl η^5-C5H5 ）, have been synthesized in anhydrous THF by the reaction of HSal（o-hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylate acid） or HClo[N-（ m-chloro-phenyl） anthranili acid, acidum clofenamicum] with （Cp）2TiCl2 and characterized by means of elemental analyses, IR, H NMR, ^13C NMR, UV and molar conductivity. In complex （Cp）2Ti（Sal）2 or（Cp）2Ti（Clo）2, the oxygen atom of the carboxyl group coordinates to Ti（Ⅳ） in a monodentate manner. The inhibitory action of the complexes on mouse ear tumefaction caused by croton oil and rat foot granulation growth caused by cotton balls is higher than that of the corresponding ligands HSal, HClo and [ （Cp）2TiCl2 ], whereas their toxicity is lower than those of the free ligands.

A facile and convenient approach for the one-pot synthesis of 2,4(1H,3H)-quinazolinediones

A fast and efficient method is described for the one-pot synthesis of 2,4（1H,3H）-quinazolinediones by cyclization reaction of anthranilic acid derivatives with potassium cyanate and acetic acid in PEG.Good to high yields of the products obtain in short reaction times with simple work-up.