Enhancing the stability of Ni Fe-layered double hydroxide nanosheet array for alkaline seawater oxidation by Ce doping

Electrocatalytic hydrogen production from seawater holds enormous promise for clean energy generation.Nevertheless,the direct electrolysis of seawater encounters significant challenges due to poor anodic stability caused by detrimental chlorine chemistry.Herein,we present our recent discovery that the incorporation of Ce into Ni Fe layered double hydroxide nanosheet array on Ni foam(Ce-Ni Fe LDH/NF)emerges as a robust electrocatalyst for seawater oxidation.During the seawater oxidation process,CeO_(2)is generated,effectively repelling Cl^(-)and inhibiting the formation of Cl O-,resulting in a notable enhancement in the oxidation activity and stability of alkaline seawater.The prepared Ce-Ni Fe LDH/NF requires only overpotential of 390 m V to achieve the current density of 1 A cm^(-2),while maintaining long-term stability for 500 h,outperforming the performance of Ni Fe LDH/NF(430 m V,150 h)by a significant margin.This study highlights the effectiveness of a Ce-doping strategy in augmenting the activity and stability of materials based on Ni Fe LDH in seawater electrolysis for oxygen evolution.

Dual-doping for enhancing chemical stability of functional anionic units in sulfide for high-performance all-solid-state lithium batteries

The sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes(SEs)reactivity toward moisture and Li-metal are huge barriers that impede their large-scale manufactu ring and applications in all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Herein,we proposed an Al and O dual-doped strategy for Li_(3)PS_(4)SE to regulate the chemical/electrochemical stability of anionic PS_(4)^(3-)tetrahedra to mitigate structural hydrolysis and parasitic reactions at the SE/Li interface.The optimized Li_(3.08)A_(10.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)SE presents the highestσLi+of 3.27 mS cm^(-1),which is~6.8 times higher than the pristine Li_(3)PS_(4)and excellently inhibits the structural hydrolysis for~25 min@25%humidity at RT.DFT calculations confirmed that the enhanced chemical stability was revealed to the intrinsically stable entities,e.g.,POS33-units.Moreover,Li_(3.08)Al_(0.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)SE cycled stably in Li//Li symmetric cell over 1000 h@0.1 mA cm^(-2)/0.1 mA h cm^(-2),could be revealed to Li-Al alloy and Li_(2)Oat SE/Li interface impeding the growth of Li-dendrites during cycling.Resultantly,LNO@LCO/Li_(3.08)Al_(0.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)/Li-In cell delivered initial discharge capacities of 129.8 mA h g^(-1)and 83.74%capacity retention over 300 cycles@0.2 C at RT.Moreover,the Li_(3.08)Al_(0.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)SE presented>90%capacity retention over 200 and 300 cycles when the cell was tested with LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)O_(2)(NCA)cathode material vs.5 and 10 mg cm^(-2)@RT.

Preparation and property of spinel LiMn_2O_4 material by co-doping anti-electricity ions

LiMn2-xMxO4-yFy(x=0.05; y=0.05; M=Al, Co, Cr and Mg, separately), as the cathode material, was synthesized by the method of high temperature solid-state reaction in laboratory. The results of charge-discharge test show that the properties of LiMn1.95M0.05O3.95F0.05(M= Al, Mg) are obviously superior to those of LiMn2O4. Through the condition experiments on sintering temperature, it is found that the materials present the integrate crystal structure and favorable cycle performance at 800 ℃. The research on the effects of different Mg2+ sources on the properties of LiMn2-xMgxO4-yFy shows that, with Mg(OH)2 and LiF as the reagents respectively offering Mg2+ and F?, LiMn1.95Mg0.05O3.95F0.05 synthesized has integrate crystal structure and its capacity hardly fades. The results of cyclic voltammetry indicate that the shape of two couples of redox peaks of the material synthesized by co-doping anti-electricity ions is more integrate and symmetrical than that of pure spinel LiMn2O4, which reveals that the co-doping material possesses preferable electrochemical reversibility.

大型体育赛事反兴奋剂保障工作研究与未来展望--以北京冬奥会、杭州亚运会反兴奋剂领域工作为例

大型体育赛事的反兴奋剂保障工作是一项非常庞大的系统工作,对赛事的成功举办不可或缺。研究以北京冬奥会、杭州亚运会反兴奋剂保障工作为例,试图从发挥参谋助手、综合协调的职能等几个方面探讨大型体育赛事反兴奋剂工作如何有效进行,以确保赛事安全完成,并为未来我国举办大型比赛的反兴奋剂综合保障工作进行了展望,为更加有效高质量完成反兴奋剂综合保障工作提供思路。

Laser Cooling Using Anti-Stokes Fluorescence in Yb^(3+)-Doped Fluorozirconate Glasses

The fluorozirconate glasses ZBLANP( ZrF\-4-BaF\-2-LaF\-3-AlF\-3-NaF-PbF\-2) doped with different Yb\+ 3+ concentration were prepared. The Raman spectra and absorption spectra are measured to substantiate the existence of phonon-assisted emission. After analyzing the normalized absorption spectra of samples with different Yb\+ 3+-doped concentration, we calculated the maximum cooling effect in the 3 wt% Yb\+ 3+-doped sample pumped at 1 012.5 nm. The corresponding cooling capability is about -4.09 ℃/W and the cooling efficiency reaches 1.76%.

有机-无机杂化材料动力学与热力学转化以及荧光信息防伪应用研究——介绍一个综合化学实验

有机-无机杂化发光材料易于调控的空间结构和发光性质,在发光防伪领域备受青睐。本实验基于Sb(Ⅲ)掺杂Bi(Ⅲ)基零维有机-无机杂化金属卤化物,利用不同的晶体生长方式实现动力学产物(化合物1)向热力学产物(化合物2)的转变,采用X-射线粉末衍射和荧光光度法分别对其进行了物相表征和光学性能测试,二者表现出截然不同的物相与光物理性质。化合物2在蒸馏水的作用下实现荧光淬灭,而且具有很强的反水性。基于化合物2出色的发光变色性质,制作了简易的可水写荧光信息防伪板/纸。本实验充分体现了“结构决定性质”的专业理论、“学以致用”的教学理念。该实验设计与实践旨在培养学生创新思维,提高其分析和解决实际问题的能力。

Doping Control Analysis of 16 Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Equine Plasma Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are classified as Class 4 agents by the Association of Racing Commissioners International and are banned in racehorses during competition in Pennsylvania (PA). To control the abuse of these agents in racehorses competing in PA, a forensic method for screening and confirmation of the presence of these agents is needed. Equine plasma (0.5 mL) was acidified with 75 μL 1M H3PO4 to increase recovery of the analytes by liquid-liquid extraction using methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). Extracted analytes were separated by reversed-phase liquid chromatography using a C8 column under gradient condition. All 16 analytes were detected, quantified and confirmed using a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry with selected reaction monitoring (SRM) in both negative and positive electrospray ionization modes. The limit of detection, quantification and confirmation of the analytes were 1.0 - 5.0 ng/mL, 1.0 - 5.0 ng/mL and 1.0 - 20 ng/mL, respectively. The linear dynamic range of quantification was 5.0 - 200 ng/mL. The method is routinely used in anti-doping analysis to control the abuse of NSAIDs in racehorses competing in PA.

Substance Identification in Anti-Doping Control by Means of Mass Spectrometry. Data Reduction and Decision Criteria

A real doping case for which the national-level reviewing body deemed it probable that a misidentification of the national-level athlete’s sample occurred at the WADA accredited laboratory, thus making the athlete in this case strictly anonymous, is used to discuss criteria for data reduction and tolerance windows in GC-MS and LC-MS/MS. Stricter criteria for data reduction would remedy the present ambiguities.

基于3,5-二溴水杨醛席夫碱镍配合物-氧化石墨烯电化学免疫传感器检测Anti-IgG含量的研究

应用物理吸附法将羊抗人IgG抗原直接固定于3,5-二溴水杨醛席夫碱镍配合物-氧化石墨烯修饰的金电极表面,制备电化学免疫传感器。采用循环伏安法和交流阻抗法对传感器进行表征,结果表明该传感器适合检测Anti-IgG浓度。同时探讨了缓冲液pH值、扫描速度、免疫反应温度、抗原与抗体配比对循环伏安峰电流的影响,结果表明在5-100mV/s扫速范围内,峰电流与扫速呈线性。孵育最优条件为25℃,h-IgG与Anti-IgG配比为1∶1。循环伏安法研究还表明Anti-IgG浓度在0.01-260μg/L范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数r^2=0.993,检出限（S/N=3）为0.006μg/L,据此建立了检测Anti-IgG浓度的新方法。

信号分子IRAK1/4在antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物诱导THP-1细胞表达TF中的作用探讨

目的:探讨IRAK1和IRAK4在antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物诱导单核细胞株THP-1表达组织因子(TF)中的作用。方法:利用荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)、TF活性试剂盒分别检测THP-1细胞表达TF mRNA及TF活性;Western blot检测anti-β2GPI/β2GPI复合物诱导THP-1细胞表达IRAK1、磷酸化-IRAK1(p-IRAK1)、IRAK4情况;观察IRAK1/4抑制物是否干预anti-β2GPI/β2GPI复合物诱导THP-1表达TF。结果:Antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物(100μg/ml)诱导THP-1细胞表达TF显著增加(P<0.05 vs control);Antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物(100μg/ml)刺激THP-1细胞表达IRAK1、p-IRAK1、IRAK4(蛋白)显著升高(P<0.05 vscontrol);IRAK1/4抑制物(50μmol/L)能够阻断antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物(100μg/ml)诱导THP-1表达TF及IRAK1磷酸化的效应。结论:antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物诱导THP-1细胞表达TF过程中,信号分子IRAK1/4被激活进而发挥重要作用。

三维Anti de Sitter空间中Lorentzian曲面的S_t^1×S_s^1-值光锥Gauss映射的奇点分类

利用Arnol'd的Legendrian理论,对三维Anti de Sitter空间中Lorentzian曲面进行了研究.引入光维高度函数概念研究了三维Anti de Sitter空间Lorentzian曲面的S1t×S1s-值、光锥Gauss映射的奇点,进行了奇点分类,揭示了类光Causs-kronecker曲率之间的关系;并研究了Lorentzian曲面的一些基本几何性质.

Preparation and Characterization of Fe^(3+)-doped Nanometer TiO_2 Photocatalysts

Fe^3＋ -doped nanometer TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by sol-gel technique. TiO2 powders with different Fe^3＋ / Ti^4 ＋ molar ratios ranging from 0. 05% to 25% were synthesized by calcinating the gels in the temperature range of 200-600 ℃ . The effects of the content of iron ions and calcination temperature on the physical properties of the powders and their photocatalytic activities were examined by the photodecorapositon of methyl orange in sunlight. The results show that Fe dopant can decrease the temperature of nanatase-ratile transformation. The ideal photocatalytic property was achieved when the sample with an Fe^3＋ / Ti^4＋ ratio of 20 at% was calcined at about 300 ℃ for an hour, which is superior to that of commercial Degussa P-25. The optimum microstructure of the Fe-doped TiO2 for a high photocatalytic activity in sunlight is consisted of nanatase and ratile.

Hormone abuse in sports： the antidoping perspective

Since ancient times, unethical athletes have attempted to gain an unfair competitive advantage through the use of doping substances. A list of doping substances and methods banned in sports is published yearly by the World AntiDoping Agency （WADA）. A substance or method might be included in the List if it fulfills at least two of the following criteria： enhances sports performance; represents a risk to the athlete＇s health; or violates the spirit of sports. This list, constantly updated to reflect new developments in the pharmaceutical industry as well as doping trends, enumerates the drug types and methods prohibited in and out of competition. Among the substances included are steroidal and peptide hormones and their modulators, stimulants, glucocorticosteroids, β2-agonists, diuretics and masking agents, narcotics, and cannabinoids. Blood doping, tampering, infusions, and gene doping are examples of prohibited methods indicated on the List. From all these, hormones constitute by far the highest number of adverse analytical findings reported by antidoping laboratories. Although to date most are due to anabolic steroids, the advent of molecular biology techniques has made recombinant peptide hormones readily available. These substances are gradually changing the landscape of doping trends. Peptide hormones like erythropoietin （EPO）, human growth hormone （hGH）, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ （IGF-Ⅰ） are presumed to be widely abused for performance enhancement. Furthermore, as there is a paucity of techniques suitable for their detection, peptide hormones are all the more attractive to dishonest athletes. This article will overview the use of hormones as doping substances in sports, focusing mainly on peptide hormones as they represent a pressing challenge to the current fight against doping. Hormones and hormones modulators being developed by the pharmaceutical industry, which could emerge as new doping substances, are also discussed.

CeO_(2)/ZrO_(2)对Cu-ZSM-5选择性催化还原NOx的反应活性及抗老化性能的影响

采用浸渍法分别将CeO_(2)、ZrO_(2)负载于Cu-ZSM-5催化剂中,通过催化剂活性评价系统研究了CeO_(2)、ZrO_(2)负载量对整体式Cu-ZSM-5催化剂NOx转化率的影响规律,并采用NO-TPD方法分析了催化剂表面的NOx吸附能力.此外,利用FT-IR和SEM技术探究了催化剂样品的抗老化能力.结果表明,添加CeO_(2)或ZrO_(2)有利于提升整体式Cu-ZSM-5催化剂NOx转化率,其中8%CeO_(2)/Cu-ZSM-5在150~550℃温度范围内NO_(x)转化率最高,但此催化剂表面晶粒在高温下易发生团簇,导致催化剂老化,催化活性下降.ZrO_(2)的添加可以有效稳固表面晶粒,进而改善催化剂的抗老化性能.

Ce、Zr共掺杂提高Cu-ZSM-5催化分解NO性能及抗K中毒能力

将NO在Cu-ZSM-5催化剂的作用下直接分解为环保、清洁的N 2和O_(2)是最具经济效益的脱硝手段。高温烟气中存在大量的碱金属,但碱金属会使催化剂催化活性降低、使用寿命大大缩短,并使催化剂造成不可逆的失活。通过离子交换法制备MZ5催化剂(M=Cu、Ce、Zr、CuCe、CuZr、CuCeZr),采用初湿浸渍法将K离子负载到MZ5催化剂。脱硝实验结果表明:在最佳反应温度550℃下,相比于CuZ5,CuCeZrZ5催化剂的NO转化率由原来的53%提高到58%,KCuCeZrZ5催化剂的NO转化率由53%降到52%;相比于KCuZ5,KCuCeZrZ5催化剂的NO转化率由39%提高到52%。采用ICP、SEM、XRD、BET、XPS、H_(2)-TPR和O_(2)-TPD等表征手段对催化剂元素含量、微观形貌、骨架结构、孔隙规律、铜物种种类、化学吸附氧、铜离子还原温度和活性物种中氧气的脱附温度等进行分析。结果显示:Ce、Zr的引入不会对催化剂的骨架结构、结晶度和晶粒尺寸造成损伤;Ce、Zr的引入促进催化剂形成更多的氧空位和活性成分{Cu—O—Cu}^(2+),并增强催化剂的储氧和氧运输能力。当K^(+)引入后,KCuZ5催化剂的脱硝活性明显降低、孔隙结构恶化以及K^(+)与活性成分{Cu—O—Cu}^(2+)结合迁移形成CuO;K^(+)优先与Ce物种结合,进而有效保护ZSM-5的三维交叉孔道结构,减缓Cu^(2+)迁移形成CuO以及促进活性成分{Cu—O—Cu}^(2+)与{Cu—□—Cu}^(2+)之间的氧化还原循环。

Enhancement of radiation hardness of InP-based HEMT with double Si-doped plane

An anti-radiation structure of In P-based high electron mobility transistor(HEMT) has been proposed and optimized with double Si-doped planes. The additional Si-doped plane under channel layer has made a huge promotion in channel current, transconductance, current gain cut-off frequency, and maximum oscillation frequency of In P-based HEMTs. Moreover, direct current(DC) and radio frequency(RF) characteristic properties and their reduction rates have been compared in detail between single Si-doped and double Si-doped structures after 75-keV proton irradiation with dose of 5× 10^(11) cm^(-2),1× 10^(12) cm^(-2), and 5× 10^(12) cm^(-2). DC and RF characteristics for both structures are observed to decrease gradually as irradiation dose rises, which particularly show a drastic drop at dose of 5× 10^(12) cm^(-2). Besides, characteristic degradation degree of the double Si-doped structure is significantly lower than that of the single Si-doped structure, especially at large proton irradiation dose. The enhancement of proton radiation tolerance by the insertion of another Si-doped plane could be accounted for the tremendously increased native carriers, which are bound to weaken substantially the carrier removal effect by irradiation-induced defects.

Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Li-doped ZnO Thin Films Influenced by Annealing Temperature

Li-doped ZnO thin films had been grown by radio frequency magnetron sputtering and then annealed under various annealing temperatures. The characteristics of ZnO films were examined by XRD, FESEM, Hall measurement and optical transmission spectra. Results showed that p type conduction was observed in Li doped ZnO films annealed at 500-600 ℃ and thep type ZnO films possessed a good crystalline with c-axis orientation, dense surface, and average transmission of about 85% in visible spectral region.

Effect of Chemical Doping and Ion Implantation on Cond uctivity of Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) Derivatives

The surface conductivity of poly [ 2-methoxy-5-（3＇-methyl） butoxy]-p-phenylene vinylene （PMOMBOPV） films doped with FeCl3 and H2SO4 by chemical method and implanted by N^＋ ions was studied and the comparison of environmental stability of conductive behavior was also investigated. The energy and dose of N^＋ ions were in the rang 15～35 keV and 3. 8×10^15～9. 6×10^16 ions/cm^2, respectively. The conductivity of PMOMBOPV film was enhanced remarkably with the increases of the energy and dose of N^＋ ions. For example, the conductivity of PMOMBOPV film was 3. 2×10^-2S/cm when ion implantation was performed with an energy of 35 keV at a dose of 9. 6 × 10^14 ions/cm^2 , which was almost seven orders of magnitude higher than that of film unimplanted. The environmental stability of conductive behavior for ionimplanted film was much better than that of chemical doped films. Moreover, the conductive activation energy of ion-implanted films was measured to be about 0.17 eV.

On the Construction of Deepening Anti - corruption Mechanism

It needs the foundation of system and the guarantee of organizational system for anti-corruption,but it is more necessary to build and form an effective anti-corruption mechanism,so that the anti-corruption can be really put into practice. Anti-corruption mechanism refers to a organic operation system of the interaction,interconnection and constraint between the constituent elements( parts) and elements of national anti-corruption,and as a system,anti-corruption mechanism should have the characteristics of system aticness,comprehensiveness,transparency,legalization,public participation,scientific dynam ic,and internationalism. The construction of deepening anti-corruption mechanism is the need for reconstructing the ruling legitimacy of the party and the governm ent. Adhering to the principle of treating both root causes and symptoms is necessary in the construction of anti-corruption m echanism,com bating and punishing corruption is an important part of anti-corruption,and the prevention and control of corruption is the basic project of anti-corruption. Therefore,the construction of prevention and control mechanism in the anti-corruption mechanism has a more far-reaching significance.

First-principles study of the band gap tuning and doping control in CdSexTe1-x alloy for high efficiency solar cell

CdTe is one of the leading materials for low cost,high efficiency thin-film solar cells with a nearly ideal band gap of 1.48 eV.However,its solar to electricity power conversion efficiency(PCE)is hindered by the relatively low open circuit voltage(VOC)due to intrinsic defect related issues.Here,we propose that alloying CdTe with CdSe could possibly improve the solar cell performance by reducing the"ideal"band gap of CdTe to gain more short-circuit current from long-wavelength absorption without sacrificing much VOC.Using the hybrid functional calculation,we find that the minimum band gap of the CdTe1-xSex alloy can be reduced from 1.48 eV at x=0 to 1.39 eV at x=0.32,and most of the change come from the lowering of the conduction band minimum.We also show that the formation of the alloy can improve the p-type doping of CuCdimpurity based on the reduced effective formation energy and nearly constant effective transition energy level,thus possibly enhance VOC,thus PCE.