Novel miR-490-3p/hnRNPA1-b/PKM2 axis mediates the Warburg effect and proliferation of colon cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway

BACKGROUND Heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein A1(hnRNPA1)has been reported to enhance the Warburg effect and promote colon cancer(CC)cell proliferation,but the role and mechanism of the miR-490-3p/hnRNPA1-b/PKM2 axis in CC have not yet been elucidated.AIM To investigate the role and mechanism of a novel miR-490-3p/hnRNPA1-b/PKM2 axis in enhancing the Warburg effect and promoting CC cell proliferation through the PI3K/AKT pathway.METHODS Paraffin-embedded pathological sections from 220 CC patients were collected and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis to determine the expression of hnRNPA1-b.The relationship between the expression values and the clinicopathological features of the patients was investigated.Differences in mRNA expression were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,while differences in protein expression were analyzed using western blot.Cell proliferation was evaluated using the cell counting kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine assays,and cell cycle and apoptosis were detected using flow cytometric assays.The targeted binding of miR-490-3p to hnRNPA1-b was validated using a dual luciferase reporter assay.The Warburg effect was evaluated by glucose uptake and lactic acid production assays.RESULTS The expression of hnRNPA1-b was significantly increased in CC tissues and cells compared to normal controls(P<0.05).Immunohistochemical results demonstrated significant variations in the expression of the hnRNPA1-b antigen in different stages of CC,including stage I,II-III,and IV.Furthermore,the clinicopathologic characterization revealed a significant correlation between hnRNPA1-b expression and clinical stage as well as T classification.HnRNPA1-b was found to enhance the Warburg effect through the PI3K/AKT pathway,thereby promoting proliferation of HCT116 and SW620 cells.However,the proliferation of HCT116 and SW620 cells was inhibited when miR-490-3p targeted and bound to hnRNPA1-b,effectively blocking the Warburg effect.CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the novel miR-490-3p/hnRNPA1-b/PKM2 axis could provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of CC.

Preprocessing and Efficacy Analysis of Comprehensive Anti-Inflammatory Treatment for Lymphedema in Patients with Irritating Contact Dermatitis

Objective: To explore the pre-treatment and efficacy analysis of comprehensive anti-inflammatory treatment for lymphedema in patients with irritating contact dermatitis. Method: Convenience sampling method was used to observe the skin of 160 patients with upper limb lymphedema admitted to the lymphedema outpatient department of our hospital. They were divided into an observation group (80 cases) and a control group (80 cases), and both groups received a course of comprehensive anti-inflammatory treatment (20 treatments). The control group received routine skin care;On the basis of the control group, the observation group received pre-treatment of the affected limb skin: Laofuzi herbal ointment was applied externally to the prone areas of irritating contact dermatitis (such as the upper arm, inner forearm, and cubital fossa). Result: The incidence of irritating contact dermatitis in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P 0.05). Patients in the observation group felt significantly better in terms of comfort, skin moisture, and itching relief after being wrapped with low elasticity bandages than those in the control group (P Conclusion: Preventive treatment can effectively reduce the incidence of irritating contact dermatitis, prolong the time of stress treatment, thereby increasing efficacy and improving patient compliance.

人LIGHT和HSV-TK-EGFP基因共转染的MSCs抗肿瘤免疫的体内研究

目的研究与单纯疱疹病毒的糖蛋白D竞争结合单纯疱疹病毒进入介导物(herpes virus entry mediator,HVEM)的淋巴毒素类似物(homologous to lymphotoxins,exhibits inducible expression,and competes with HSV glycoprotein D for HVEM,a receptor expressed by T lymphocytes,LIGHT)基因和单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶(herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase,HSV-TK)基因共转染的骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)在体内的抗肿瘤免疫功能。方法将pIRES2-LIGHT基因和HSV-TK-EGFP基因共转染小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs/LT组),以转染空载体和转染HSV-TK-EGFP基因的骨髓间充质干细胞作对照。流式细胞仪检测LIGHT分子和HSV-TK-EGFP分子在稳定转染的骨髓间充质干细胞上的表达。体内迁移实验观察MSCs/LT在小鼠体内迁移情况。观察更昔洛韦注射前后MSCs/LT对荷瘤小鼠体内肿瘤的治疗作用。ELISA法检测小鼠肿瘤组织中IFN-γ,IL-2和IL-10的水平。结果流式细胞仪检测发现,MSCs/LT能稳定高表达LIGHT分子。MSCs/LT有特异地向肿瘤组织趋化的特性。MSCs/LT和MSCs/T有较好的抑制肿瘤生长的能力,但在更昔洛韦诱导后,MSCs/LT的抗肿瘤效应下降甚至消失。同时,MSCs/LT可促使T细胞进入肿瘤组织,并促进T细胞分泌IL-2、IFN-γ,抑制IL-10分泌(P<0.05)。结论共转染人LIGHT和HSV-TK-EGFP基因的骨髓间充质干细胞能稳定高表达LIGHT分子,能特异性地向荷瘤小鼠体内肿瘤组织趋化并抑制肿瘤的生长,这种体内抗肿瘤功能可能与促进T淋巴细胞IL-2、IFN-γ等细胞因子的分泌,改善局部免疫抑制环境有关。

炒白芍-炙甘草配伍前后化学成分与抗炎作用相关性研究

目的明确炒白芍-炙甘草配伍对化学成分的影响及其与抗炎作用的相关性。方法采用HPLCDAD建立同时测定炒白芍-炙甘草中芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、苯甲酰芍药苷、氧化芍药苷、甘草酸、甘草苷多成分含量的分析方法;建立佐剂性关节炎大鼠模型,给药组分别灌胃炒白芍、炙甘草、炒白芍-炙甘草药液2周,ELISA检测大鼠血清炎症因子白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、前列腺素E_(2)(PGE_(2))含量;采用析因设计、双变量相关分析、多元线性回归方法研究配伍对化学成分的影响及其与抗炎药效的相关性。结果建立HPLC-DAD分析方法,炒白芍-炙甘草配伍后氧化芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、苯甲酰芍药苷含量增加(P<0.05);与模型组比较,各给药组大鼠血清IL-1β、TNF-α、PGE_(2)含量降低(P<0.01),且配伍组血清IL-1β、TNF-α、PGE_(2)含量低于炒白芍组、炙甘草组(P<0.05,P<0.01);析因设计结果显示炒白芍-炙甘草配伍存在交互效应,双变量相关分析结果显示氧化芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、芍药苷、甘草苷、苯甲酰芍药苷、甘草酸含量分别与IL-1β、TNF-α、PGE_(2)含量呈负相关,多元线性回归结果显示甘草苷、甘草酸与IL-1β、TNF-α、PGE_(2)含量呈负相关。结论本研究建立的炒白芍-炙甘草多成分含量分析方法简便快捷、专属性强、准确可靠,可用于其质量评价与控制。炒白芍-炙甘草配伍可抑制炎症因子IL-1β、TNF-α、PGE_(2)表达,且化学成分含量与抗炎作用具有相关性。

玉米黄素减轻脂多糖诱导的3T3-L1脂肪细胞慢性炎症

目的:探究一种天然类胡萝卜素——玉米黄素(ZEA),基于NF-κB信号通路减轻脂多糖(LPS)诱导的3T3-L1脂肪细胞慢性炎症并发挥抗炎的作用机制。方法:以LPS刺激成熟的3T3-L1脂肪细胞建立炎症模型,用不同浓度的ZEA(0,5,10,15μmol/L)进行干预,检测脂肪细胞炎症相关因子的含量,并通过实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)检测其mRNA表达水平,用蛋白免疫印迹法检测信号通路因子的蛋白表达水平。结果:与LPS组相比,ZEA干预显著抑制炎症细胞模型中促炎因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α和MCP-1分泌(P<0.001),同时促进抗炎因子IL-10和ADPN产生(P<0.001)。此外,qPCR结果显示ZEA能有效抑制促炎因子,同时恢复抗炎因子的mRNA表达水平(P<0.001)。蛋白免疫印迹结果表明,ZEA能明显降低IκB激酶催化亚基IKKα和IKKβ的蛋白和磷酸化表达(P<0.001),增强抑制蛋白IκBα与核转录因子NF-κB p65的结合,最终抑制NF-κB p65进行核内转录。结论:ZEA可通过抑制NF-κB信号通路激活及调控炎性因子的分泌,改善肥胖引起的慢性炎症。

Preparation and Anti-oxidative Effects of Corn Peptides

Corn peptides(CP) were prepared from zein via proteolysis by means of a type of alkaline protease, Alcalase, at 50 ℃ and pH 8.0. The anti oxidative activity of the hydrolysate was examined. It was found that the anti oxidative activity reached the maximum at the fourth hour of the hydrolysis and then decreased. The effect of the enzyme dosage on the solubility of corn protein, the dependence of hydrolysis time on the degree of the hydrolysis(DH) and molecular weight distribution were examined respectively. 30% DH was controlled on the basis of anti oxidative activity. The hydrolysate was fractionated on a Sephadex G 15 column. The anti oxidative activities were examined for all the fractions. The main fraction for anti oxidative activity was collected and characterized by the methods of amino acid analysis, the measurement of average chain length and etc .. The main M W distribution of the main fraction was 300-600 Daltons. The anti oxidative properties of the small peptides in vitro were studied. It was found that they could inhibit the auto oxidation of pyrogallol and the oxidation of hemoglobin. The hemolysis degree of erythrocyte caused by hydroxyl free radicals was decreased greatly, indicating a protective effect of the anti oxidative peptides on the cell membrane damage of erythrocyte.

盐酸安罗替尼联合多西他赛对肺癌大鼠血小板凝聚、EGFR-STAT3信号通路及抑瘤作用研究

目的探究盐酸安罗替尼联合多西他赛对肺癌大鼠血小板凝聚、EGFR-STAT3信号通路及抑瘤作用。方法选取清洁级雄性Wistar大鼠50只,分为健康组、模型组、盐酸安罗替尼组、多西他赛组、联合组,平均10只/组,除健康组外其余均建立肺癌模型,建模后健康组与模型组大鼠采用等量生理盐水灌胃干预,多西他赛组在大鼠静脉注射多西他赛0.3mg/kg。盐酸安罗替尼组采用盐酸安罗替尼1.2 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)灌胃干预,联合组予以静脉注射0.3mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)多西他赛注射液同时盐酸安罗替尼1.2 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)灌胃,干预30d。采用血小板聚集凝血因子分析仪对血小板凝聚率进行检测,HE染色观察肺部病理变化,对比肿瘤体积变化,免疫印迹及PCR分别检测表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、信号转导与转录激活因子3(STAT3)蛋白及mRNA。结果与健康组比较,模型组大鼠的血小板聚集率、肿瘤体积、肺组织中EGFR、STAT3蛋白及mRNA均显著升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,盐酸安罗替尼组和多西他赛组血小板聚集率、肿瘤体积、肺组织中EGFR、STAT3蛋白及mRNA均显著降低(P<0.05);与盐酸安罗替尼组和多西他赛组比较,联合组血小板聚集率、肿瘤体积、肺组织中EGFR、STAT3蛋白及mRNA均显著降低(P<0.05)。结论盐酸安罗替尼联合多西他赛在肺癌的治疗中对改善血小板凝聚、调节EGFR-STAT3信号通路以及抑制肿瘤生长等方面均具有一定积极效用。

Nrf2/HO-1信号通路对消化道恶性肿瘤影响的研究

消化道恶性肿瘤包括胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌等,该类疾病给患者造成了严重的身心健康损害,是人类医学进步必须克服的难题。核转录因子红系2相关因子2(Nrf2)/血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)信号通路对消化系统恶性肿瘤的各种细胞和动物模型中的氧化损伤、铁死亡、焦亡、诱导细胞自噬及促进血管生成有关键作用。随着生物科学技术的进步,使用先进技术提取天然化合物和药物对该信号通路的调节在临床前研究中显示出潜在的抗肿瘤价值。本文就Nrf2/HO-1信号通路对消化道肿瘤影响的最新研究进展进行简单的综述。

Bacillus velezensis G-1·脂肽悬浮种衣剂的制备及其对高粱丝黑穗病菌的防侵染效果

为筛选出可有效抑制高粱丝黑穗病菌侵染高粱根部组织的生防微生物与天然产物,并在此基础上开发出便于在生产上推广应用的微生物悬浮种衣剂。本研究以晋杂2001号高粱为试验材料,选择试验室保藏的3株优秀抗病细菌和脂肽物质,首先通过种子萌发和活体侵染率测定试验明确了不同拮抗细菌和脂肽物质对高粱丝黑穗病菌的防侵染效果和较优使用浓度,随后以优选菌株和脂肽物质为活性成分进行了悬浮种衣剂配方优化、种衣剂较优使用量及贮藏稳定性研究,并在盆栽条件下测定了悬浮种衣剂对高粱丝黑穗病菌的防侵染效果。研究结果表明:Bacillus velezensis G-1及其次级代谢产物(脂肽)对高粱丝黑穗病菌侵染高粱根部组织具有良好抑制效果,较优使用浓度分别为1.0×10^(9)cfu mL^(–1)和600μg mL^(–1),且对晋杂2001号高粱种子萌发无显著抑制作用(P>0.05);B.velezensis G-1·脂肽悬浮种衣剂的较优配方为菌株G-1悬浮液(1.0×10^(11)cfu mL^(–1))5 mL、脂肽物质(8 mg mL^(–1))5 mL、羧甲基纤维素钠4 g、海藻酸钠0.6 g、分散剂MF 4 g、FeSO_(4)·7H_(2)O 0.2 g、MgSO_(4)·7H_(2)O 1 g、K_(2)HPO_(4)·3H_(2)O 0.5 g、色浆4 g,水补足100 g;B.velezensis G-1·脂肽悬浮种衣剂的较优使用量为25 g包装1 kg高粱种子,且对高粱丝黑穗病菌的盆栽侵染抑制率为87.74%;此外,B.velezensis G-1·脂肽悬浮种衣剂还对高粱幼苗生长表现出较好促生作用,并具有良好贮藏稳定性,常温下避光贮藏12个月后防侵染效果仅下降1.63%。说明B.velezensis G-1·脂肽悬浮种衣剂在高粱丝黑穗病绿色防控技术推广应用中具有良好应用前景。

A new cerebroside and its anti-proliferation effect on VSMCs from the radix of Cyperus rotundus L.

A new cerebroside,1-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-(2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-[(2′R)-2’-hydroxylignoceranoylamino]-4,8-tetradecene-3- diol was isolated from the 60%EtOH extract of traditional Chinese medical plant Cyperus rotundus L.Its structure was determined on the basis of spectroscopic data.This new compound showed anti-proliferation effect on vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs).

Tea Polyphenols Exerts Anti-hepatitis B Virus Effects in a Stably HBV-transfected Cell Line

In this study, the anti-HBV effects of tea polyphenols （TP） were examined. After cells were exposed to TP for 3, 6, 9 days, amounts of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV-DNA released into the supernatant of the cultured HepG2 2.2.15 cells were detected. TP, to some extent, inhibited the secretion of HBsAg and strongly suppressed the secretion of HBeAg in a dose-dependent （P〈0.01） and time-dependent manner, with 50% maximal inhibitory concentration （IC50） value being 7.34μg/mL on the 9th day, but the time-dependence was not significant （P=0.051）. Expression of HBV-DNA in the supernatant of the cell culture also was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent fashion （P〈0.01）. The ICS0 of TP in inhibiting HBV DNA was 2.54 pg/mL. It concluded that TP possessed potential anti-HBV effects and may be used as a treatment alternative for HBV infection.

Anti-tumor Effects of a Recombinant Fowlpox Virus Expressing Apoptin on Human Cervical Carcinoma in Vivo and in Vitro

Apoptin is a chicken anemia virus-derived,p53-independent,bcl-2-insensitive apoptotic protein with the ability to specifically induce apoptosis of various human tumor cells,but not of normal diploid cells.To explore the application of apoptin in tumor gene therapy,we used a recombinant fowlpox virus expressing apoptin protein （vFV-Apoptin） to investigate the anti-tumor effectes of vFV-Apoptin on human cervical carcinoma（HeLa） cells in vivo and in vitro through 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT） assay,acridine orage/ethidium bromide（AO/EB） and annexin V staining test,respectively.The results show that vFV-Apoptin inhibites the proliferation of HeLa cells in vitro through inducing the apoptosis of HeLa cells,and the inhibition effect of vFV-Apoptin has a dose-effect and time-effect relationship.The results of animal models show that vFV-Apoptin significantly inhibits tumor growth,extends the lifespan of animals and improves the mean survival.Experimental results indicate that vFV-Apoptin has a potential application in the tumor gene therapy.

艾纳香油通过NF-κB非经典信号影响花生四烯酸代谢缓解LPS所致巨噬细胞的炎症反应

【目的】本文旨在探讨艾纳香油(BBO)通过核转录因子κB(NF-κB)非经典通路影响花生四烯酸(AA)代谢通路发挥抗炎作用。【方法】采用豚鼠离体回肠法检测BBO对慢反应物质(SRS-A)生成的影响,ELISA法检测BBO对脂多糖(LPS)诱导巨噬细胞前列腺素E_(2)(PGE_(2))及白三烯B_(4)(LTB_(4))产生的影响,qRT-PCR检测BBO对LPS诱导巨噬细胞COX-2、5-LOX、FLAP和RelB表达的影响,Western blot检测BBO对NF-κB非经典通路蛋白肿瘤坏死因子受体作用因子3(TRAF3)、肿瘤坏死因子受体作用因子2(TRAF2)、NF-κB诱导激酶(NIK)、p100和RelB浓度的影响。【结果】在1mg·mL^(-1)的BBO药物浓度下减弱了豚鼠回肠的收缩张力(P<0.001),对SRS-A的生成抑制率达到65.34%;与LPS模型组相比,BBO在40-80μg·mL^(-1)浓度下降低AA代谢通路中PGE_(2)(P<0.05)和LTB_(4)(P<0.05)的浓度,降低COX-2(P<0.05)、5-LOX(P<0.05)和FLAP(P<0.05)的表达;此外,40-80μg·mL^(-1)浓度下BBO还降低LPS导致的NF-κB非经典通路中TRAF3(P<0.05)、TRAF2(P<0.05)和NIK(P<0.05)的浓度,进一步抑制p100蛋白的磷酸化(P<0.05),同时抑制转录因子RelB的表达(P<0.05)和RelB蛋白的水平(P<0.05),而BBO自身不引起这些基因与蛋白的变化。【结论】BBO可能通过抑制NF-κB非经典信号中调节蛋白TRAF3和TRAF2,转录因子RelB的浓度,造成NIK蛋白的诱导激酶作用受到抑制,进一步抑制了p100蛋白的磷酸化及其与转录因子RelB的结合,从而影响到下游AA通路中重要限速酶COX-2、5-LOX和FLAP的表达与炎症介质PGE_(2)和LTB_(4)的水平发挥抗炎作用。

β1,4-半乳糖基转移酶1对气道平滑肌细胞炎症反应的影响

为了探究β1,4-半乳糖基转移酶1(β4GalT1)在气道平滑肌细胞中的功能,通过高通量基因表达数据库(GEO)分析β4GalT1在气道平滑肌细胞炎症反应存在功能,采用脂多糖刺激气道平滑肌细胞后检测白介素1β及β4GalT1的表达;采用慢病毒包装构建过表达β4GalT1的稳转细胞,并利用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应检测稳转细胞中炎症相关细胞因子表达随时间的变化,同时通过细胞增殖实验、细胞周期和划痕实验检测稳转细胞的生物学行为变化,研究过表达β4GalT1的细胞分泌液在调节细胞因子表达过程中的作用。结果表明:脂多糖能引起白介素1β及β4GalT1的表达量增加;随着培养时间的延长,过表达β4GalT1的细胞中促炎因子表达量减小,抑炎因子表达量增加,同时过表达β4GalT1可改变气道平滑肌细胞的增殖、迁移行为,进而起到炎症修复功能;过表达β4GalT1的细胞可通过分泌液调节细胞因子的表达,表明β4GalT1能快速响应对气道平滑肌细胞的炎症刺激,并通过分泌物质调节气道平滑肌细胞的细胞行为及细胞因子变化。

基于IPSO-SVR的反导装备体系效能评估方法研究

鉴于反导装备体系运行机理复杂、结构不清难以选择合适的效能评估模型等问题,采用“数据驱动+深度学习”的方法对反导装备体系效能评估展开研究。结合反导装备体系作战过程,从探测跟踪、指挥控制、火力拦截和综合保障4个方面构建了反导装备体系效能评估指标;针对PSO算法容易陷入局部极值、早熟收敛等问题,提出改进型粒子群优化算法,对SVR参数进行优化,建立了IPSO-SVR效能评估模型;在大量反导装备体系实验数据抽取、处理、分析的基础上,对IPSO-SVR模型进行训练和学习,以此获得对反导装备体系效能的非线性拟合。实验结果表明:所提效能评估方法期望输出和实际输出之间误差非常小,拟合精准度高,具有较高的可靠性和可行性。

鞣花酸通过TLR4-SRC/MAPK/NF-κB途径抑制脂多糖诱导RAW264.7巨噬细胞的炎症反应

目的基于Toll样受体4(TLR4)-酪氨酸激酶(SRC)/丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)/核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)通路探讨鞣花酸的抗炎机制。方法采用不同浓度(0、0.5、5、25、50、75、100μmol·L^(-1))鞣花酸对RAW264.7巨噬细胞[或脂多糖(LPS)诱导的RAW264.7细胞]干预24 h,噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测RAW264.7巨噬细胞存活率,筛选最适给药浓度。实验分为空白对照组,模型组(0.5 mg·L^(-1)LPS),阳性对照地塞米松组(10μmol·L^(-1)),鞣花酸(5、25、50μmol·L^(-1))给药组。Griess法检测细胞上清液中一氧化氮(NO)的含量;采用ELISA法检测细胞上清液中前列腺素-2(PGE2)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的表达水平;采用Western blot法检测诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、环氧合酶-2(COX-2)蛋白以及TLR4-SRC/MAPK/NF-κB通路相关蛋白的表达水平。结果MTT结果筛选出鞣花酸的干预浓度为5~50μmol·L^(-1)。与空白对照组比较,模型组PGE_(2)、NO和炎症因子IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α表达显著升高(P<0.01);炎症标志物iNOS、COX-2蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.01),说明炎症模型建立成功。与模型组比较,鞣花酸能显著抑制LPS诱导NO、PGE_(2)的产生和降低TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平(P<0.05,P<0.01),降低i NOS、COX-2蛋白表达水平(P<0.05,P<0.01),且呈浓度依赖性;显著抑制TLR4蛋白的表达水平以及SRC、P38、JNK、p65、IκBα蛋白的磷酸化水平,并呈浓度依赖性。但对ERK1/2蛋白磷酸化没有显示出明显的抑制作用。结论鞣花酸可能通过TLR4-SRC/MAPK/NF-κB信号通路的调控抑制LPS诱导RAW264.7巨噬细胞的炎症反应,具体的调控机制有待进一步研究。

Heavy-ion and pulsed-laser single event effects in 130-nm CMOS-based thin/thick gate oxide anti-fuse PROMs

Single event effects of 1-T structure programmable read-only memory(PROM) devices fabricated with a 130-nm complementary metal oxide semiconductorbased thin/thick gate oxide anti-fuse process were investigated using heavy ions and a picosecond pulsed laser. The cross sections of a single event upset(SEU) for radiationhardened PROMs were measured using a linear energy transfer(LET) ranging from 9.2 to 95.6 MeV cm^2mg^(-1).The result indicated that the LET threshold for a dynamic bit upset was ～ 9 MeV cm^2mg^(-1), which was lower than the threshold of ～ 20 MeV cm^2mg^(-1) for an address counter upset owing to the additional triple modular redundancy structure present in the latch. In addition, a slight hard error was observed in the anti-fuse structure when employing209 Bi ions with extremely high LET values(～ 91.6 MeV cm^2mg^(-1)) and large ion fluence(～ 1×10~8 ions cm^(-2)). To identify the detailed sensitive position of a SEU in PROMs, a pulsed laser with a 5-μm beam spot was used to scan the entire surface of the device.This revealed that the upset occurred in the peripheral circuits of the internal power source and I/O pairs rather than in the internal latches and buffers. This was subsequently confirmed by a ^(181)Ta experiment. Based on the experimental data and a rectangular parallelepiped model of the sensitive volume, the space error rates for the used PROMs were calculated using the CRèME-96 prediction tool. The results showed that this type of PROM was suitable for specific space applications, even in the geosynchronous orbit.

Phytochemical constituents,analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extract of Triumfetta rhomboidea leaves in animal models

Objective:To investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Triumfetta rhomboidea on mice and rats respectively.And to screen the phytochemical constituent of the extract. Methods:The analgesic effect was determined by acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice.While the anti-inflammatory activity was determined by egg albumin-induced oedema of the rat paw.Phytochemical screening was done by standard procedures.Results:Triumfetta rhomboidea leaf extract(50 -400 mg/kg) caused a statistically significant inhibition on the egg albumin-induced eodema or inflammation in Wister albino rats with P【0.001(ANOVA).This effect was higher than the observed effect with Piroxicam(0.5 mg/kg) which was used as a standard.The effect was also dose-dependent.Furthermore,Triumfetta rhomboidea extract caused a statistically significant reduction in the number of acetic acid-induced writhing in mice,with P【0.001(ANOVA).These effects were also does-dependent and greater than the analgesic effects by paracetamol which was used as a reference drug.Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids,steroids, triterpenoids alkaloids,tannins and saponins in Truimfetta rhomboidea leaf extract.Conclusion:Triumfetta rhomboidea can be recommended for acute inflammatory disorders and diseases associated with pains.This also supports its traditional use as an anti-snake bite and anti-cancer or anti-tumor agent.Further study is on the way to find out the mechanism of its action and also to isolate,identify and characterize the active principle responsible for these effects in this plant.

Cloning,Eukaryotic Expression of Human ISG20 and Preliminary Study on the Effect of Its Anti-HBV

Human ISG20 gene was cloned and the effect of its anti-HBV was primarily studied. The ISG20 gene was amplified from HeLa cells by RT-PCR and recombinant vector expressing ISG20 was constructed by genetic engineering. The overexpression of ISG20 in HepG2 cells was detected by Western blot and the levels of secretion of HBs antigen and HBe antigen tested by ELISA. The results showed that： （1） Sequence of ISG20 cloned was consistent to that published in Genebank; （2） Recombinant vector expressing ISG20 could be expressed in HepG2 cells by transfection; （3） The overexpression of ISG20 protein could reduce the levels of the secretion of HBs antigen and HBe antigen in transfected HepG2 cells. It was suggested that the overexpression of recombinant ISG20 in culture cells could reduce the synthesis of HBV proteins.

水蛭素-草酸二维生素E酯脂质体的构建及其体外抗凝作用评价

目的基于维生素E,构建同时具有过氧化氢清除功能和抗凝作用的脂质体,探讨其是否可以作为急性缺血性脑卒中的治疗方式并评价其体外抗凝作用。方法利用过氧草酸酯键将两分子维生素E(生育酚,VE)化学键合,得到目标化合物草酸二维生素E酯(oxalate vitamin E,OVE);通过酰胺化反应将抗凝药物水蛭素(hirudin)连接到亚油酸(linoleic acid,LA)得到抗凝目标单元亚油酸-水蛭素(LA-hirudin,LH);并通过红外光谱、核磁等手段对所合成的产物进行结构表征。采用薄膜分散法制备水蛭素-草酸二维生素E酯脂质体(hirudin-OVE liposome,HOL),采用激光粒度仪(DLS)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等方法对脂质体进行表征。选取小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞(mouse brain-derived endothelial cells,bEnd3)和人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVEC)进行细胞实验。通过ELISA测定过氧化氢以及细胞炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β水平,以评价脂质体对细胞氧化应激和炎症水平的影响。采用细胞计数实验(CCK-8)和细胞增殖检测实验(Edu)考察脂质体对细胞数目和细胞增殖情况的影响。取小鼠全血,考察所制备脂质体的抗凝作用。结果核磁结果表明成功合成了OVE,红外谱图结果表明水蛭素和亚油酸成功键合得到亚油酸-水蛭素。透射电镜和激光粒度仪结果表明所制备的脂质体形状为类球形,且粒径分布均匀,平均粒径为161 nm。细胞实验表明,脂质体能够显著抑制模型细胞分泌过氧化氢和炎症因子,具有明显的抗氧化、抗炎作用(P<0.05)。细胞计数实验和细胞增殖检测实验结果证明脂质体能够抑制炎症导致的细胞数目减少、缓解LPS刺激所引起的细胞增殖抑制(P<0.01)。抗凝实验结果表明,脂质体能够显著抑制CaCl 2诱导的凝血反应(P<0.01)。结论基于维生素E成功合成过氧化氢清除性材料OVE,并以抗凝药物水蛭素和OVE制备OVE抗凝脂质体(HOL),该脂质体在细胞层面上具有良好的抗氧化、抗炎效果,并具有显著的抗凝作用。