Shaking table test for reinforcement of soil slope with multiple sliding surfaces by reinforced double-row anti-slide piles

Despite the continuous advancements of engineering construction in high-intensity areas,many engineering landslides are still manufactured with huge thrust force,and double-row piles are effective to control such large landslides.In this study,large shaking table test were performed to test and obtain multi-attribute seismic data such as feature image,acceleration,and dynamic soil pressure.Through the feature image processing analysis,the deformation characteristics for the slope reinforced by double-row piles were revealed.By analyzing the acceleration and the dynamic soil pressure time domain,the spatial dynamic response characteristics were revealed.Using Fast Fourier Transform and half-power bandwidth,the damping ratio of acceleration and dynamic soil pressure was obtained.Following that,the Seism Signal was used to calculate the spectral displacement of the accelerations to obtain the regional differences of spectral displacement.The results showed that the overall deformation mechanism of the slope originates from tension failure in the soil mass.The platform at the back of the slope was caused by seismic subsidence,and the peak acceleration ratio was positively correlated with the relative pile heights.The dynamic soil pressure of the front row piles showed an inverted"K"-shaped distribution,but that of the back row piles showed an"S"-shaped distribution.The predominant frequency of acceleration was 2.16 Hz,and the main frequency band was 0.7-6.87 Hz;for dynamic soil pressure,the two parameters became 1.15 Hz and 0.5-6.59 Hz,respectively.In conclusion,dynamic soil pressure was more sensitive to dampening effects than acceleration.Besides,compared to acceleration,dynamic soil pressure exhibited larger loss factors and lower resonance peaks.Finally,back row pile heads were highly sensitive to spectral displacement compared to front row pile heads.These findings may be of reference value for future seismic designs of double-row piles.

Seismic performance evaluation of water supply pipes installed in a full-scale RC frame structure based on a shaking table test

As an important part of nonstructural components,the seismic response of indoor water supply pipes deserves much attention.This paper presents shaking table test research on water supply pipes installed in a full-scale reinforced concrete(RC)frame structure.Different material pipes and different methods for penetrating the reinforced concrete floors are combined to evaluate the difference in seismic performance.Floor response spectra and pipe acceleration amplification factors based on test data are discussed and compared with code provisions.A seismic fragility study of displacement demand is conducted based on numerical simulation.The acceleration response and displacement response of different combinations are compared.The results show that the combination of different pipe materials and different passing-through methods can cause obvious differences in the seismic response of indoor riser pipes.

基于SHAKING方法的北斗星基增强系统电离层模型可用性分析

北斗星基增强系统(BeiDou Satellite-Based Augmentation System,BDSBAS)通过境内的监测站为中国及周边地区用户提供电离层改正及电离层完好性监测服务,因此其对电离层算法的可用性要求较高.本文采用附加Kriging估计的调整球谐函数建模方法(adjusted spherical harmonics adding Kriging,SHAKING)解算BDSBAS电离层参数信息.通过对现有星基增强系统(Satellite-Based Augmentation System,SBAS)电离层的性能分析可以发现,部分SBAS播发了标记为未监测点的延迟修正信息.通过对中国区域SBAS格网点需求分析可以发现:在卫星截止高度角为15°时,SHAKING方法提供的电离层可用点为189个、不可用点为3个,满足服务需求;结合BDSBAS提供的钟轨改正信息,SHAKING方法较反距离加权插值(inverse distance weighted,IDW)方法的垂直制导进近可用性范围提高约30%.

Robustα-Fe_(2)O_(3)/Epoxy Resin Superhydrophobic Coatings for Anti-icing Property

α-Fe_(2)O_(3)/epoxy resin composite superhydrophobic coating was prepared withα-Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles and epoxy resin by spin coating method.The coating without epoxy resin has higher contact angle(CA)and lower ice adhesion strength(IAS),but the mechanical properties are poor.Theα-Fe_(2)O_(3)/epoxy resin composite superhydrophobic coating exhibits good mechanical durability.In addition,compared with the bare aluminum substrate,the Ecorr of the composite coating is positive and the Jcorr is lower.The inhibition efficiency of the composite coating is as high as 99.98%in 3.5 wt%NaCl solution.The difference in the microstructure caused by the two preparation methods leads to the changes in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of composite superhydrophobic coating.

Exploring Shaking for Cancer Treatment

1.Double-sided role of vibration and shaking Removing vibration and shaking is a pivotal engineering task,which is showcased,for instance,in spacecraft attitude control systems that ensure a precise three-dimensional orientation.Vibration or shaking,such as precession caused by external torque,nutation stemming from off-axis angular momentum,and wobbling due to geometric misalignment,necessitate active and passive damping mechanisms.This principle extends beyond spacecraft to centrifugation techniques,pivotal not only in washing machines but also in a spectrum of biomedical apparatuses used for isolating cells and organelles and separating DNA and proteins.

Study of Flow and Heat Transfer in an Ejector-Driven Swirl Anti-Icing Chamber

The formation of ice on the leading edge of aircraft engines is a serious issue,as it can have catastrophic consequences.The Swirl Anti-Icing(SAI)system,driven by ejection,circulates hot fluid within a 360°annular chamber to heat the engine inlet lip surface and prevent icing.This study employs a validated Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)approach to study the impact of key geometric parameters of this system on flow and heat transfer characteristics within the anti-icing chamber.Additionally,the entropy generation rate and exergy efficiency are analyzed to assess the energy utilization in the system.The research findings indicate that,within the considered flow range,reducing the nozzle specific areaφfrom 0.03061 to 0.01083 can enhance the ejection coefficient by over 60.7%.This enhancement increases the air circulating rate,thereby intensifying convective heat transfer within the SAI chamber.However,the reduction inφalso leads to a significant increase in the required bleed air pressure and a higher entropy generation rate,indicating lower exergy efficiency.The nozzle angleθnotably affects the distribution of hot and cold spots on the lip surface of the SAI chamber.Increasingθfrom 0°to 20°reduces the maximum temperature difference on the anti-icing chamber surface by 60 K.

Evaluation of the effects of EPS composite soil replacement on the dynamic performance of caisson structure using shaking table tests

The seismic performance of a caisson structure under two types of models with a saturated sandy foundation(CSS)and an expanded polystyrene(EPS)composite soil foundation(CES)are studied using shaking table tests.The macro phenomena of the two different foundation models are described and analyzed.The effects of the replacement of EPS composite soil on seismic-induced liquefaction of backfill and the dynamic performance of a caisson structure are evaluated in detail.The results show that the excess pore water pressure generation in the CES is significantly slower than that in the CSS during the shaking.The dynamic earth pressure acting on the caisson has a triangular shape.The response of horizontal acceleration,displacement,settlement,and rotation angle of the caisson in the CES is smaller than that in the CSS,which means the caisson in the CES has a better seismic performance.Furthermore,the out-of-phase phenomenon between dynamic earth thrust and inertial force in the CES is more obvious than that in the CSS,which is beneficial to reduce the lateral force and improve the stability of the caisson structure.

Numerical analysis on seismic performance of underground structures in liquefiable interlayer sites from centrifuge shaking table test

When an underground structure passes through a liquefiable soil layer,the soil liquefaction may pose a significant threat to the structure.A centrifuge shaking table test was performed to research the seismic response of underground structures in liquefiable interlayer sites,and a valid numerical model was obtained through simulation model test.Finally,the calibrated numerical model was used to perform further research on the influence of various distribution characteristics of liquefiable interlayers on the seismic reaction of underground structures.The key findings are as follows.The structure faces the most unfavorable condition once a liquefiable layer is located in the middle of the underground structure.When a liquefiable layer exists in the middle of the structure,the seismic reactions of both the underground structure and model site will increase with the rise of the thickness of the liquefiable interlayer.The inter-story drift of the structure in the non-liquefiable site is much smaller than that in the liquefiable interlayer site.The inter-story drift of the structure is not only associated with the site displacement and the soil-structure stiffness ratio but also closely associated with the slippage of the soil-structure contact interface under the condition of large deformation of the site.

A novel control strategy for reproducing the floor motions of high-rise buildings by earthquake-simulating shake tables

To enable the experimental assessment of the seismic performance of full-scale nonstructural elements with multiple engineering parameters(EDPs),a three-layer testbed named Nonstructural Element Simulator on Shake Table(NEST)has been developed.The testbed consists of three consecutive floors of steel structure.The bottom two floors provide a space to accommodate a full-scale room.To fully explore the flexibility of NEST,we propose a novel control strategy to generate the required shake table input time histories for the testbed to track the target floor motions of the buildings of interest with high accuracy.The control strategy contains two parts:an inverse dynamic compensation via simulation of feedback control systems(IDCS)algorithm and an offline iteration procedure based on a refined nonlinear numerical model of the testbed.The key aspects of the control strategy were introduced in this paper.Experimental tests were conducted to simulate the seismic responses of a full-scale office room on the 21^(st)floor of a 42-story high-rise building.The test results show that the proposed control strategy can reproduce the target floor motions of the building of interest with less than 20%errors within the specified frequency range.

Neurosyphilis complicated by anti-γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor encephalitis: A case report

BACKGROUND Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum that can invade the central nervous system,causing encephalitis.Few cases of anti-N-methyl-Daspartate receptor autoimmune encephalitis(AE)secondary to neurosyphilis have been reported.We report a neurosyphilis patient with anti-γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor(GABABR)AE.CASE SUMMARY A young man in his 30s who presented with acute epileptic status was admitted to a local hospital.He was diagnosed with neurosyphilis,according to serum and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)tests for syphilis.After 14 d of antiepileptic treatment and anti-Treponema pallidum therapy with penicillin,epilepsy was controlled but serious cognitive impairment,behavioral,and serious psychiatric symptoms were observed.He was then transferred to our hospital.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)crude test results showed only 2 points.Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed significant cerebral atrophy and multiple fluidattenuated inversion recovery high signals in the white matter surrounding both lateral ventricles,left amygdala and bilateral thalami.Anti-GABABR antibodies were discovered in CSF(1:3.2)and serum(1:100).The patient was diagnosed with neurosyphilis complicated by anti-GABABR AE,and received methylprednisolone and penicillin.Following treatment,his mental symptoms were alleviated.Cognitive impairment was significantly improved,with a MMSE of 8 points.Serum anti-GABABR antibody titer decreased to 1:32.The patient received methylprednisolone and penicillin after discharge.Three months later,the patient’s condition was stable,but the serum anti-GABABR antibody titer was 1:100.CONCLUSION This patient with neurosyphilis combined with anti-GABABR encephalitis benefited from immunotherapy.

青枯病生防菌ANTI-8098A的微胶囊化技术

以明胶和阿拉伯胶为壁材,通过复凝聚法进行青枯病生防菌ANTI-8098A微胶囊的制备,研究壁材浓度、 生防菌ANTI-8098A发酵液添加浓度、搅拌速度、酸碱度和甲醛固化条件对微胶囊粒径、形状的影响。试验结果表 明.用2.5％明胶和2.5％阿拉伯胶为壁材制备青枯病生防菌ANTI-8098A微胶囊,条件为pH值4.0、生防菌发酵 液浓度10％～30％、搅拌速度400 r·min-1、固化时添加1％的甲醛溶液.生防菌的包被率可稳定在70％左右,微 胶囊为圆形.平均直径为30.8～57.3μm,生防菌微胶囊萌发率达93％以上。

MAPKs在anti-β_2 GPI/β_2 GPI刺激THP-1细胞表达TF过程中的作用探讨

目的:探讨丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(Mitogen-activated protein kinases,MAPKs)在anti-β2 GPI/β2 GPI复合物诱导单核细胞株THP-1表达组织因子(TF)中的活化及其作用。方法:利用荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)、TF活性试剂盒等分别检测anti-β2 GPI/β2 GPI复合物诱导THP-1细胞表达TF mRNA及TF活性,Western blot检测细胞表达p38、磷酸化-p38(p-p38)、ERK1/2、磷酸化-ERK1/2(p-ERK1/2)、JNK、磷酸化-JNK(p-JNK)的情况。进一步采用p38、ERK1/2、JNK抑制剂(SB203580、U0126、SP600125)观察是否能阻断anti-β2 GPI/β2 GPI复合物诱导THP-1细胞表达TF。结果:Anti-β2 GPI/β2 GPI复合物(100μg/ml)能够显著增强THP-1细胞表达TF,并使p-p38、p-ERK1/2、p-JNK水平显著升高(P<0.05 vs control);其引发的MAPKs磷酸化具有时间效应性,均在刺激30分钟时达到高峰;对应的特异抑制剂SB203580(10μmol/L)、U0126(5μmol/L)、SP600125(90 nmol/L)单独或合并处理THP-1细胞后,anti-β2 GPI/β2 GPI复合物诱导细胞TF mRNA表达及TF活性的效应明显被阻断(P<0.01 vs control)。结论:Anti-β2 GPI/β2 GPI复合物诱导THP-1细胞表达TF过程中,MAPKs被激活进而发挥重要作用。

TLR4在anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ复合物诱导THP-1细胞表达TF中的作用探讨

目的:探讨TLR4及相关信号分子在anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ复合物诱导单核细胞株THP-1表达组织因子(TF)中的作用。方法:利用荧光定量PCR(Real-timePCR)检测anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ诱导THP-1细胞TFmRNA表达,采用试剂盒检测细胞TF活性;利用自制的β2GPⅠ胶联亲和层析柱(β2GPⅠ-Affi-Gel)分析β2GPⅠ与THP-1细胞表面相应受体结合情况;Real-timePCR及Western蛋白印迹检测anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ复合物诱导细胞表达TLR4、MyD88、MD-2情况;观察TLR4途径抑制物——紫杉醇是否干预anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ复合物对细胞的作用。结果:Anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ复合物(100μg/ml)诱导THP-1细胞TF表达显著增加(P<0.05);THP-1细胞表面的TLR4能够结合于β2GPⅠ-Affi-Gel柱;Anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ复合物(100μg/ml)刺激THP-1细胞表达TLR4、MyD88、MD-2显著升高(P<0.05);紫杉醇(1μmol/L)能够抑制anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ复合物对细胞的刺激效应。结论:TLR4及相关信号分子在anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ复合物诱导THP-1细胞表达TF中具有重要作用。

生防菌ANTI-8098A对青枯雷尔氏菌不同致病力菌株抑制作用的差异性

采用共培养法测定了生防菌ANTI-8098A对青枯雷尔氏菌强致病力菌株F-01-V和无致病力菌株F.1.3-010602-01-A的抑制作用,并以链霉素作参照。结果表明,生防菌ANTI-8098A对F-01-V的抑制作用较强,抑制率与生防菌培养液菌体数成正相关;对F.1.3-010602-01-A的抑制作用则较弱,菌体数为20.0×108cfu/ml的生防菌液对F.1.3-010602-01-A的抑制率为14.7%,而对F-01-V的抑制率高达99.5%。链霉素对F-01-V和F.1.3-010602-01-A都具有较强的抑制作用,抑制率与浓度成正相关,但是对F.1.3-010602-01-A的抑制作用更强:浓度为0.25U/ml的链霉素溶液,对F.1.3-010602-01-A的抑制率为50.0%,而对F-01-V的抑制率仅为3.3%。应用生防菌ANTI-8098制剂进行田间防治茄子青枯病的试验结果表明,生防菌制剂的防治效果达92.11%,显著地比农用链霉素的防效(72.81%)高。研究结果为阐述生防菌ANTI-8098对青枯雷尔氏菌的致弱现象提供了依据。

青枯病生防菌ANTI-8098A菌株发酵过程氨基酸变化动态的研究

青枯病生防菌ANTI- 80 98A发酵过程的氨基酸测定结果表明 :ANTI - 80 98A的氨基酸代谢消耗发生在 0～ 2 4h ,消耗了 87.0 7%的总氨基酸 ;代谢累积发生在 2 4～ 4 8h ,4 8h的总氨基酸为 0h的 1 .6 7倍。在 1 7种测定的氨基酸中 ,1 6种氨基酸都表现出与总氨基酸类似的变化趋势 ,丝氨酸在 32h有最大值 ;根据含量大小可分为 3类 ,根据变异系数大小也可分为 3类 ,其中谷氨酸含量 ,丝氨酸变异系数最大。氨基酸种类特性的聚类分析结果表明 :当λ =1 7.5 0时 ,氨基酸变化可分为 4大类。发酵时间的聚类分析结果表明 :当λ=2 5 .36时 ,可分为 3大类 。

生防菌ANTI-8098A对青枯雷尔氏菌致病力的影响

经生防菌蜡状芽孢杆菌Bacillus cereus菌株ANTI-8098A处理后,番茄青枯雷尔氏菌Ral-stoniasolanacearum强致病力菌株弱化为无致病力菌株,弱化指数由0.40转变为0.86,回接番茄苗发病率由100.0%转变为0。同时,生防菌处理后的无致病力菌株在培养24h以前菌体生长能力显著增加,其中在12h时生长速率增长最快,达到了5.6倍;紫外-可见光吸收值明显下降,OD450nm由0.5740降为0.2644;高效液相离子交换色谱的表征由前峰<后峰转变为前峰>后峰;对生防菌异源蛋白的吸附由2种蛋白质(97.4kD和116.0kD)转变为1种蛋白质(97.4kD)。结果表明:ANTI-8098A对青枯雷尔氏菌具有致弱作用,并使其生理生化特性产生显著的变化。

对博弈论中Shaked & Sutton结论的一个证明

本文运用博弈论基本原理 ,运用Rubinstern(1982 )讨价还价模型 ,针对贴现系数的不同情况 ,运用数学归纳法对Shaked&Sutton(1984 )

ANTI-8098A在土壤的存活能力测定及其对土壤微生物种群数量的影响

生防菌ANTI-8098A以制剂和菌粉的状态施用到菜园土壤后,研究其在土壤中的存活状况及其对土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌种群数量的影响,结果表明:经ANTI-8098A制剂处理的土壤,14 d和60 d后ANTI-8098A的菌体数量分别为5.1×105cfu/g、3.6×104cfu/g,比用ANTI-8098A菌粉处理的土壤中ANTI-8098A的菌体数量高159和116倍;ANTI-8098A制剂处理14 d后,土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌的种群数量依次为1.7×108cfu/g、2.8×105cfu/g、3.5×106cfu/g,分别比ANTI-8098A菌粉处理的高54.55%、7.69%和45.83%。

青枯病生防菌ANTI-8098A菌株生物学特性的研究

对青枯病生防菌ANTI-8098A菌株的形态、生理生化特征和培养特性进行了初步鉴定和分析,初步确定了该菌的生物学特性。结果表明,该菌为芽孢杆菌(0.8μm×2.2μm),周生鞭毛,多为四联体形式,芽孢椭圆形。该菌甲基红反应阳性,接触酶反应阳性,水解利用淀粉,也能利用赖氨酸。其生长的最适温度在30～35℃。当pH为7.5时,发酵液中含菌量为最高(48 h),菌数达58.2×108个·ml-1,最佳pH值为7.5。在研究培养基营养时,比较了7种碳源和4种氮源,结果表明,葡萄糖是最好的碳源,氨基氮优于硝基氮或尿素。

生防菌ANTI-8098A对青枯雷尔氏菌生物测定方法的研究

试验利用番茄组培苗对青枯雷尔氏菌接菌方法进行了比较 ,并进行了生防菌 ANTI- 80 98A对青枯雷尔氏菌体外抑制作用的生物测定。试验结果表明 ,灌根法接菌 6d后的平均死亡率为 84.40 % ,剪叶法接菌6d后番茄组培苗的平均死亡率为 98.34% ,剪叶法接种的番茄组培苗的发病速度高于灌根法。青枯雷尔氏菌浓度较低 (0 .1× 1 0 8以下 )时 ,灌根法接菌 6d后番茄组培苗的平均死亡率为 61 .5% ,剪叶法接菌 6d后番茄组培苗的平均死亡率为 1 0 0 .0 % ,剪叶法引起的发病率更高。采用剪叶法进行生防菌 ANTI- 80 98A对青枯雷尔氏菌体外抑制作用的结果表明 ,1 0 0和 2 0 0倍菌液处理组的番茄组培苗不发病 ,防效达 1 0 0 % ;30 0倍番茄组培苗第 7d发病率为 1 5% ,防效达 85%。