Can serum immunoglobulin G4 levels and age serve as reliable predictors of relapse in autoimmune pancreatitis?

We are writing in response to the paper published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology by Zhou et al.The authors identified higher serum immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 levels and age over 55 years as independent risk factors for disease relapse.Despite notable strengths,it is crucial to address potential biases.Firstly,the cohort study included 189 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)type 1(with higher IgG4 seropositivity and higher relapse)and 24 with type 2(with lower IgG4 seropositivity and lower relapse).Consequently,most,if not all,AIP type 2 patients were assigned to the normal group,possibly inflating the association of higher serum IgG4 levels with relapse and potentially exaggerating the association of older age with relapse.Secondly,the authors did not provide sufficient details regarding AIP diagnosis,such as the ratio of definitive vs probable cases and the proportion of biopsies.In cases where histological evidence is unavailable or indeterminate,AIP type 2 may be misdiagnosed as definitive type 1,and type 1 may also be misdiagnosed as probable type 2,particularly in cases with normal or mildly elevated serum IgG4 levels.Lastly,in this retrospective study,approximately one-third of the consecutive patients initially collected were excluded for various reasons.Accordingly,the impact of nonrandom exclusion on relapse outcomes should be carefully considered.In conclusion,the paper by Zhou et al offers plausible,though not entirely compelling,evidence suggesting a predictive role of elevated serum IgG4 levels and advanced age in AIP relapse.The foundation for future investigations lies in ensuring a reliable diagnosis and accurate disease subtyping,heavily dependent on obtaining histological specimens.In this regard,endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy emerges as a pivotal component of the diagnostic process,contributing to mitigating biases in future explorations of the disease.

Immunoglobulin G4-related spinal pachymeningitis:A case report

BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin G4-related disease(IgG4-RD)is a complex immune-mediated condition that causes fibrotic inflammation in several organs.A significant clinical feature of IgG4-RD is hypertrophic pachymeningitis,which manifests as inflammation of the dura mater in intracranial or spinal regions.Although IgG4-RD can affect multiple areas,the spine is a relatively rare site compared to the more frequent involvement of intracranial structures.CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old male presented to our hospital with a two-day history of fever,altered mental status,and generalized weakness.The initial brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed multiple small infarcts across various cerebral regions.On the second day after admission,a physical examination revealed motor weakness in both lower extremities and diminished sensation in the right lower extremity.Electromyographic evaluation revealed findings consistent with acute motor sensory neuropathy.Despite initial management with intravenous immunoglobulin for presumed Guillain-Barrésyndrome,the patient exhibited progressive worsening of motor deficits.On the 45th day of hospitalization,an enhanced MRI of the entire spine,focusing specifically on the thoracic 9 to lumbar 1 vertebral level,raised the suspicion of IgG4-related spinal pachymeningitis.Subsequently,the patient was administered oral prednisolone and participated in a comprehensive rehabilitation program that included gait training and lower extremity strengthening exercises.CONCLUSION IgG4-related spinal pachymeningitis,diagnosed on MRI,was treated with corticosteroids and a structured rehabilitation regimen,leading to significant improvement.

Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Cases during Active and Inactive Disease States

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in children. Both the humoral and cell mediated immunities are involved in the pathogenesis of JIA. It is reported that overall immunoglobulin levels in JIA patients are significantly higher than their control during the active state of disease. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 18 months All the newly diagnosed oligo-articular and poly-articular JIA patients having active disease were included by purposive sampling. Data were collected by a semi-structured predesigned questionnaire. Result: Most of the study subjects (57.6%) belonged to age group > 3 - 9 years. Oligo JIA was diagnosed in 66.7% and poly JIA in 33.3% of JIA children. The difference in mean (±SD) ESR (33.52 ± 21.29 and 15.09 ± 7.71 mm in 1st hour) at active and inactive states was highly significant. Mean (±SD) difference of IgG, IgM and IgA in active and inactive states of disease were highly significant. Conclusion: Higher and abnormal levels of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, and IgA) were present among JIA patients in active disease state which became normal during inactive disease state after treatment.

Immunoglobulin A glomerulonephropathy:A review

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Meng et al published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.We comprehensively review immunoglobulin A nephro-pathy(IgAN),including epidemiology,clinical presentation,diagnosis,and management.IgAN,also known as Berger's disease,is the most frequent type of primary glomerulonephritis(GN)globally.It is mostly found among the Asian population.The presentation can be variable,from microscopic hematuria to a rapidly progressive GN.Around 50%of patients present with single or recurring episodes of gross hematuria.An upper respiratory infection and tonsillitis often precede these episodes.Around 30%of patients present microscopic hematuria with or without proteinuria,usually detected on routine examination.The diagnosis relies on having a renal biopsy for pathology and immunofluorescence microscopy.We focus on risk stratification and management of IgAN.We provide a review of all the landmark studies to date.According to the 2021 KDIGO(kidney disease:Improving Global Outcomes)guidelines,patients with non-variant form IgAN are first treated conservatively for three to six months.This approach consists of adequate blood pressure control,reduction of proteinuria with renin-angiotensin system blockade,treatment of dyslipidemia,and lifestyle modifications(weight loss,exercise,smoking cessation,and dietary sodium restrictions).Following three to six months of conservative therapy,patients are further classified as high or low risk for disease progression.High-risk patients have proteinuria≥1 g/d or<1 g/d with significant microscopic hematuria and active inflammation on kidney biopsy.Some experts consider proteinuria≥2 g/d to be very high risk.Patients with high and very high-risk profiles are treated with immunosuppressive therapy.A proteinuria level of<1 g/d and stable/im-proved renal function indicates a good treatment response for patients on immu-nosuppressive therapy.

STAT3-Dependent Effects of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in Regulating Interleukin-17 Signaling and Preventing Autoimmune Hepatitis

One-third of patients with autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)have cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis.The relevance of these variables,although unknown,is believed to be critical in AIH because of suspected interactions between the gut microbiome and genetic factors.Dysbiosis of the gut flora and elevated polymeric immunoglobulin receptor(pIgR)levels have been observed in both patients and mouse models.Moreover,there is a direct relationship between pIgR expression and transaminase levels in patients with AIH.In this study,we aimed to explore how pIgR influences the secretion of regenerating islet-derived 3 beta(Reg3b)and the flora composition in AIH using in vivo experiments involving patients with AIH and a concanavalin A-induced mouse model of AIH.Reg3b expression was reduced in pIgR gene(Pigr)-knockout mice compared to that in wild-type mice,leading to increased microbiota disruption.Conversely,exogenous pIgR supplementation increased Reg3b expression and maintained microbiota homeostasis.RNA sequencing revealed the participation of the interleukin(IL)-17 signaling pathway in the regulation of Reg3b through pIgR.Furthermore,the introduction of external pIgR could not restore the imbalance in gut microbiota in AIH,and the decrease in Reg3b expression was not apparent following the inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3).In this study,pIgR facilitated the upregulation of Reg3b via the STAT3 pathway,which plays a crucial role in preserving the balance of the intestinal microbiota in AIH.Through this research,we discovered new molecular targets that can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of AIH.

Airway management of a patient with linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis:A case report

BACKGROUND There is limited literature on managing the airway of patients with linear immunoglobulin A(IgA)bullous dermatosis,a rare mucocutaneous disorder that leads to the development of friable bullae.Careful clinical decision making is necessary when there is a risk of bleeding into the airway,and a multidisciplinary team approach may lead to decreased patient morbidity during these high-risk scenarios,especially when confronted with an unusual cause for bleeding.CASE SUMMARY A 45-year-old African American female presented to our ambulatory surgical center for right corneal transplantation due to corneal perforation after blunt trauma in the setting of cicatricial conjunctivitis and diffuse corneal neovascularization from linear IgA bullous dermatosis.The diagnosis of IgA dermatosis was recent,and the patient had been lost to follow-up.The severity of the disease and extent of airway involvement was unknown at the time of the surgery.Significant airway bleeding was noticed upon intubation and the otorhinolaryngology team had to be called to the operating room.The patient required transfer to the intensive care unit where a multidisciplinary team was involved in her case.The patient was extubated on postoperative day 4.CONCLUSION A multidisciplinary approach to treating this disease is the best course of action before a surgical procedure.In our case,key communication between the surgery,anesthesia,and dermatology teams led to the quick and safe treatment of our patient’s disease.Ambulatory surgery should not be considered for these cases unless they are in full remission and there is no mucous membrane involvement.

Impact of hepatitis B immunoglobulin mode of administration on treatment experiences of patients after liver transplantation: Results from an online survey

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG)in combination with a potent nucleos(t)ide analog is considered the standard of care for prophylaxis against hepatitis B virus(HBV)reinfection after liver transplantation for HBV-associated disease.AIM To evaluate patients’satisfaction,preferences,and requirements for subcutaneous(SC),intramuscular(IM),and intravenous(IV)HBIG treatments.METHODS A self-completion,cross-sectional,online,22-question survey was conducted to examine perceptions and satisfaction with current HBIG treatment in adults receiving HBIG treatment following liver transplantation for HBV-associated disease in France,Italy,and Turkey.Hypothetical HBIG products with different administration modes were evaluated using target product profile assessment and a conjoint(trade-off)exercise.RESULTS Ninety patients were enrolled;32%,17%,and 51%were SC,IM,and IV HBIG users,respectively.Mean duration of treatment was 36.2 months.SC HBIG had the least negative impact on emotional well-being and social life and was perceived as the most convenient,easiest to administer,least painful,and had the highest self-rating of treatment compliance.More IM HBIG users than SC or IV HBIG users reported that administration frequency was excessive(67%,28%,and 28%,respectively).In the target product profile assessment,76%of patients were likely to use hypothetical SC HBIG.In the conjoint exercise,administration route,frequency,and duration were key drivers of treatment preferences.CONCLUSION Ease,frequency,duration,and side effects of HBIG treatment administration were key drivers of treatment preferences,and SC HBIG appeared advantageous over IM and IV HBIG for administration ease,convenience,and pain.A hypothetical SC HBIG product elicited a favorable response.Patient demographics,personal preferences,and satisfaction with HBIG treatment modalities may influence long-term treatment compliance.

Exploring the impact of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and antiviral interventions to reduce vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a major public health burden.In HBV endemic regions,high prevalence is also correlated with the infections acquired in infancy through perinatal transmission or early childhood exposure to HBV,the socalled mother-to-child transmission(MTCT).Children who are infected with HBV at a young age are at higher risk of developing chronic HBV infection than those infected as adults,which may lead to worse clinical outcome.To reduce the incidence of HBV MTCT,several interventions for the infants or the mothers,or both,are already carried out.This review explores the newest information and approaches available in literature regarding HBV MTCT prevalence and its challenges,especially in high HBV endemic countries.This covers HBV screening in pregnant women,prenatal intervention,infant immunoprophylaxis,and postvaccination serological testing for children.

Anti-de Sitter空间中的线性Weingarten类空超曲面

设M n是Anti-de Sitter空间H 1 n+1(-1)中的n维紧致线性Weingarten类空超曲面,使得R=aH+b(a,b是常数),且(n-1)a 2-4n(1+b)≥0,其中R和H分别是M n的标准数量曲率和平均曲率。证明了如果M n的第二基本形模长的平方S满足S≤nH 2+(B)2,或S≥nH 2+(B H+)2,或n≤S≤(n-1)nR+2/n-2+n-2/nR+2(R=-1-R),那么M n是全脐的,其中B和B H+是多项式P_(H)(x)=x ^(2)-n(n-2)n(n-1)|H|x-n-nH^(2)的两个实根。

Clinical characteristics and outcome of autoimmune pancreatitis based on serum immunoglobulin G4 level:A single-center,retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)has been linked with elevated immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 levels.The characteristics and outcomes of AIP based on serum markers have not been fully evaluated.AIM To compare clinical features,treatment efficacy,and outcome of AIP based on serum IgG4 levels and analyze predictors of relapse.METHODS A total of 213 patients with AIP were consecutively reviewed in our hospital from 2006 to 2021.According to the serum IgG4 level,all patients were divided into two groups,the abnormal group(n=148)with a high level of IgG4[>2×upper limit of normal(ULN)]and the normal group(n=65).The t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables.Categorical parameters were compared by theχ^(2) test or Fisher’s exact test.Kaplan-Meier curves Zhou GZ et al.Clinical characteristics and outcome of AIP WJG https://www.wjgnet.com 5126 September 21,2023 Volume 29 Issue 35 and log-rank tests were established to assess the cumulative relapse rates.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate potential risk factors of AIP relapse.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the abnormal group had a higher average male age(60.3±10.4 vs 56.5±12.9 years,P=0.047);higher level of serum total protein(72.5±7.9 g/L vs 67.2±7.5 g/L,P<0.001),IgG4(1420.5±1110.9 mg/dL vs 252.7±106.6 mg/dL,P<0.001),and IgE(635.6±958.1 IU/mL vs 231.7±352.5 IU/mL,P=0.002);and a lower level of serum complement C3(100.6±36.2 mg/dL vs 119.0±45.7 mg/dL,P=0.050).In addition,a lower number of cases with abnormal pancreatic duct and pancreatic atrophy(23.6%vs 37.9%,P=0.045;1.6%vs 8.6%,P=0.020,respectively)and a higher rate of relapse(17.6%vs 6.2%,P=0.030)were seen in the abnormal group.Multivariate analyses revealed that serum IgG4[(>2×ULN),hazard ratio(HR):3.583;95%confidence interval(CI):1.218–10.545;P=0.020]and IgA(>1×ULN;HR:5.908;95%CI:1.199–29.120;P=0.029)and age>55 years(HR:2.383;95%CI:1.056–5.378;P=0.036)were independent risk factors of relapse.CONCLUSION AIP patients with high IgG4 levels have clinical features including a more active immune system and higher relapse rate.Several factors,such as IgG4 and IgA,are associated with relapse.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of autoimmune pancreatitis based on serum immunoglobulin G4 levels:A single-center,retrospective cohort study

Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)is a complex,poorly understood disease gaining increasing attention."Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of AIP Based on Serum IgG4 levels,"investigated AIP with a focus on serum immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 levels.The 213 patients with AIP were classified according to serum IgG4 levels:Abnormal(elevated)and normal.Patients with higher IgG4 levels exhibited a more active immune system and increased relapse rates.Beyond IgG4,the IgA levels and age independently contributed to relapse risk,guiding risk assessment and tailored treatments for better outcomes.However,limitations persist,such as no IgA correlation with IgG4 levels,absent data on autoantibodypositive AIP cases critical for Asian diagnostic criteria,and unexplored relapse rates in high serum IgG AIP by subtype.Genetic factors and family histories were not addressed.As the understanding and referral of seronegative AIPs increase,there's a growing need for commercially available,highly sensitive,and specific autoantibodies to aid in diagnosing individuals with low or absent serum IgG4 levels.

A Nested Case-Control Study to Explore the Association between Immunoglobulin G N-glycans and Ischemic Stroke

Objective This study prospectively investigates the association between immunoglobulin G(IgG)N-glycan traits and ischemic stroke(IS) risk.Methods A nested case-control study was conducted in the China suboptimal health cohort study,which recruited 4,313 individuals in 2013–2014. Cases were identified as patients diagnosed with IS, and controls were 1:1 matched by age and sex with cases. Ig G N-glycans in baseline plasma samples were analyzed.Results A total of 99 IS cases and 99 controls were included, and 24 directly measured glycan peaks(GPs) were separated from Ig G N-glycans. In directly measured GPs, GP4, GP9, GP21, GP22, GP23, and GP24 were associated with the risk of IS in men after adjusting for age, waist and hip circumference,obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Derived glycan traits representing decreased galactosylation and sialylation were associated with IS in men(FBG2S2/(FBG2 + FBG2S1 + FBG2S2): odds ratio(OR) = 0.92, 95% confidence interval(CI): 0.87–0.97;G1n: OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63–0.87;G0n: OR =1.12, 95% CI: 1.03–1.22). However, these associations were not found among women.Conclusion This study validated that altered Ig G N-glycan traits were associated with incident IS in men, suggesting that sex discrepancies might exist in these associations.

Immunoglobulin A vasculitis nephritis:Current understanding of pathogenesis and treatment

The clinical spectrum of immunoglobulin A vasculitis nephritis(IgAVN)ranges from the relatively common transitory microscopic hematuria and/or low-grade proteinuria to nephritic or nephrotic syndrome,rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis,or even renal failure.Clinical and experimental studies have shown a multifactor pathogenesis:Infection triggers,impaired glycosylation of IgA1,complement activation,Toll-like-receptor activation and B cell proliferation.This knowledge can identify IgAVN patients at a greater risk for adverse outcome and increase the evidence for treatment recommendations.

Infrequent organ involvement in immunoglobulin G4-related prostate disease: A case report

BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin G4-related prostate disease(IgG4-RPD)characterized by a high count of IgG4-positive plasma cells has distinctive serological and radiological findings.Here we report a case of a patient who was successfully treated for IgG4-RPD,which manifested as frequent micturition,dysuric,and systemic lymphadenopathy.CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 33-year-old man who was referred to our hospital because of urinary tract symptoms that had persisted for 4 years.A physical examination revealed systemic lymphadenopathy and blood tests showed hyperglobulinemia with an IgG level of 18.90 g/L and an IgG4 level of 18.40 g/L.Computed tomography(CT)revealed bilateral lacrimal gland,right parotid gland and prostatic enlargement.Based on these findings,IgG4-RD was suspected,and further pathological examination and follow-up results showed expected results.Finally,the patient was diagnosed with IgG4-RPD based on clinical symptoms,pathological examination,therapeutic effects,and follow-up results.He received 50 mg oral prednisolone(the dose was gradually reduced and a low dose was used for long-term maintenance)in combination with cyclophosphamide 1.0 g via an intravenous drip for 6 mo.One year after the treatment was initiated,he was free of urinary or other complaints and his serum IgG4 level normalized.CONCLUSION In IgG4-RPD with severe urinary tract symptoms,radiological findings should be carefully examined.IgG4-RPD prognosis is good because the disease responds well to glucocorticoids.Furthermore,it is urgent for clinicians and pathologists to improve their understanding of IgG4-RPD.

Novel COL4A3 synonymous mutation causes Alport syndrome coexistent with immunoglobulin A nephropathy in a woman:A case report

BACKGROUND Alport syndrome(AS)is an inherited disease of the glomerular basement membrane caused by mutations in genes encodingα3,α4,orα5 chains of type IV collagen.It manifests with hematuria or proteinuria,which is often accompanied by hearing impairments and ocular abnormalities.Histopathologically,AS shows mesangial proliferation and sometimes incidental immunoglobulin A(IgA)deposition.Hematuria or proteinuria is also a common presentation in patients with IgA nephropathy that makes it difficult to differentially diagnose AS and IgA nephropathy solely based on these clinical and pathological features.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present the case of a 59-year-old female patient who was admitted to our hospital with persistent microscopic hematuria and occasional proteinuria that had lasted for>2 years.This patient had a familial history of renal disease and was diagnosed with autosomal dominant AS(ADAS)and IgA nephropathy based on the findings of renal biopsy as well as genetic testing performed using whole-exome sequencing,which suggested that the patient carried a novel heterozygous variation(c.888G>A:p.Gln296Gln)in the COL4A3 gene that enriches the mutation spectrum of ADAS.The proband received an angiotensin receptor blocker therapy after a definitive diagnosis was established.After one year of therapy,a significant reduction in proteinuria was observed.The number of microscopic red blood cells per high-power field decreased to one-quarter of the baseline levels.Renal function also maintained well during the follow-up.CONCLUSION Our case highlights the significance of performing kidney biopsy and genetic testing in the diagnosis of AS and familial IgA nephropathy.

益生菌制剂对抗生素诱导腹泻模型小鼠肠道菌群的调节作用

研究了益生菌制剂对腹泻模型(Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea,AAD)小鼠肠道菌群的调节作用。BALB/c小鼠随机分为6组,每组8只,灌胃给予氨苄青霉素(22.4 g/kg),建立小鼠腹泻模型,空白组给予等体积生理盐水。模型建立后,阳性组灌胃给予培菲康(8 g/kg)、益生菌制剂低、中、高剂量组(2.5×10^(6)、5×10^(6)、1×10^(7) CFU)给予复合益生菌制剂,模型组和空白组给予等体积生理盐水,连续14 d。观察益生菌制剂对小鼠体质量、稀便率、稀便级和腹泻指数的影响,测定小鼠IgA、IgG水平,肠道屏障功能相关基因表达水平以及肠道菌群组成。结果表明,与模型组相比三个剂量组在给予益生菌第14天时小鼠稀便率、稀便级和腹泻指数显著降低,IgA水平分别提高13.30%、20.25%、25.83%,IgG水平分别提高6.84%、19.81%、29.64%,TLR4基因表达水平下调16.88%、20.78%、40.91%,NF-κB基因表达水平下调24.91%、37.19%、55.79%,肠道双歧杆菌、乳杆菌数量明显增加,产气荚膜梭菌、肠球菌、肠杆菌数量明显减少。综上所述,益生菌制剂通过调节肠道菌群,调节免疫球蛋白水平,发挥改善AAD作用。

2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白与血清炎症指标、免疫球蛋白水平的相关性研究

目的 探究2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白水平与血清炎症指标、免疫球蛋白水平的相关性。方法 选择2022年1—9月期间到福州市第二医院就诊的50例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,均进行糖化血红蛋白、炎症指标、免疫球蛋白检测。同时根据患者糖化血红蛋白水平分为A组(糖化血红蛋白<7.5%,n=15)、B组(糖化血红蛋白7.5%~9.0%,n=20)、C组(糖化血红蛋白>9.0%,n=15),比较各组检测结果,并分析炎症指标、免疫球蛋白与糖化血红蛋白水平的相关性。结果 C组的超敏C反应蛋白(Hypersensitive C-reactive Protein, hsCRP)、白介素-6(Interleukin-6, IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, TNF-α)、免疫球蛋白A(Immunoglobulin A, IgA)水平显著高于B组、A组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。C组免疫球蛋白G(Immunoglobulin G, IgG)水平明显低于B组、A组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。B组的hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α、IgA水平明显高于A组,IgG水平明显低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。Pearson相关系数分析显示,hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α、IgA与糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白水平呈正相关性,IgG与糖化血红蛋白水平呈负相关(P<0.05),而免疫球蛋白M(Immunoglobulin M, IgM)水平与糖化血红蛋白水平无相关性(P>0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病患者存在hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α及IgA、IgG异常,与糖化血红蛋白水平呈明显相关性,因此对于糖化血红蛋白异常升高者,需密切监测上述炎症、免疫球蛋白指标,便于临床及早发现患者机体异常,及时干预。

儿童过敏性鼻炎伴食物过敏原检测阳性的临床特征分析

目的总结过敏性鼻炎(AR)伴食物过敏原检测阳性患儿的临床特征,为制订AR儿童的饮食及营养方案提供依据。方法本研究为回顾性分析,选取2021年1月至2022年12月于首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院变态反应科就诊的330例AR伴食物过敏原检测阳性患儿为研究对象。收集患儿血清过敏原检测结果,包括血清总免疫球蛋白E(IgE)以及13种食物过敏原的血清特异性免疫球蛋白E(sIgE),分析其临床特征和食物过敏原分布特点。结果330例AR伴食物过敏原检测阳性患儿中男性209例(63.33%),女性121例(36.67%);中位就诊年龄5岁,按年龄进行分组,其中<3岁组17例,3~<6岁组155例和≥6岁组158例,年龄≥6岁患儿占比最高(47.88%)。血清总IgE为4~4674 kUA/L,中位数167 kUA/L,其中检测结果升高者(≥60 kUA/L)占78.18%。99例患儿吸入性过敏原筛查阴性,231例患儿吸入性过敏原筛查阳性,吸入性过敏原筛查阴性患儿的血清总IgE升高比例(51.52%)低于吸入性过敏原筛查阳性患儿(89.61%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄患儿血清总IgE升高比例比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),≥6岁组血清总IgE升高比例最高(51.94%),其次是3~<6岁组(42.64%)。食物过敏原阳性检出率最高的3种食物分别是牛奶(72.42%)、蛋清/蛋白(22.42%)和水果类(13.94%);对不同年龄、性别患儿的食物过敏原分布进行比较,结果显示女性患儿的蛋清/蛋白阳性率高于男性,蛋清/蛋白阳性率在<3岁年龄患儿中最高,其次是3~<6岁,最低的是≥6岁,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论儿童AR伴食物过敏原检测阳性以男性患儿更为多见,牛奶、蛋清/蛋白及水果类为主要食物过敏原,且女性患儿及年龄<3岁患儿的蛋清/蛋白阳性率最高。

葡萄皮渣发酵饲料对仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及养分消化率的影响

本试验将不同水平的葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加到仔猪日粮中,研究对其生长性能、血清免疫指标和养分消化率的影响。试验将108只仔猪平均分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复组9只仔猪,分别为对照组、试验I组(2.5%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加组)、试验Ⅱ组(5.0%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加组)和试验Ⅲ组(10.0%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加组)。试验为期40d,期间仔猪自由采食。结果发现,与对照组相比,在日粮中添加不同水平的葡萄皮渣发酵饲料对仔猪末重、平均日增重及料重比均有显著影响(P <0.05),其中5.0%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加组对提高仔猪生长性能效果最显著(P <0.05),仔猪平均日增重比对照组提高9.10%,料重比较对照组降低8.81%;其次,在日粮中添加不同水平的葡萄皮渣发酵饲料对仔猪血清中的IgA、IgG、IgM等免疫指标均有显著影响(P <0.05),试验结果显示,饲料中5.0%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料组的免疫指标和对照组相比差异显著(P <0.05),IgA、IgG、IgM分别提高了16.7%、22.10%和38.89%。最后,在日粮中添加不同水平的葡萄皮渣发酵饲料对仔猪养分消化率也有显著影响(P <0.05),其中5.0%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加组养分消化率指标与对照组相比差异显著(P <0.05),粗纤维消化率和粗蛋白质消化率分别比对照组提高8.29%和8.02%。研究结果表明,在日粮中添加5.0%的葡萄皮渣发酵饲料,对仔猪的生长促进效果最明显,可使仔猪的饲料效率最佳。

卵黄抗体在水生动物疾病防治中的研究进展

卵黄抗体(Immunoglobulin of yolk,IgY)因在水生动物疾病中具有被动免疫疗效而受到广泛的关注。本文综述了IgY基本结构和理化性质的研究进展,重点介绍了IgY在水生动物细菌和病毒感染防控、治疗中的潜在应用,为今后IgY的研究和水产养殖中的应用提供参考。