Because of their economy and applicability,high-power thyristor devices are widely used in the power supply systems for large fusion devices.When high-dose neutrons produced by deuterium–tritium(D–T)fusion reactions...Because of their economy and applicability,high-power thyristor devices are widely used in the power supply systems for large fusion devices.When high-dose neutrons produced by deuterium–tritium(D–T)fusion reactions are irradiated on a thyristor device for a long time,the electrical characteristics of the device change,which may eventually cause irreversible damage.In this study,with the thyristor switch of the commutation circuit in the quench protection system(QPS)of a fusion device as the study object,the relationship between the internal physical structure and external electrical parameters of the irradiated thyristor is established.Subsequently,a series of targeted thyristor physical simulations and neutron irradiation experiments are conducted to verify the accuracy of the theoretical analysis.In addition,the effect of irradiated thyristor electrical characteristic changes on the entire QPS is studied by accurate simulation,providing valuable guidelines for the maintenance and renovation of the QPS.展开更多
Thyristors have longer lifetimes,higher reliability,and very high voltage and current ratings and they require less maintenance than other high-power semiconductor devices.As a result,they are particularly suitable fo...Thyristors have longer lifetimes,higher reliability,and very high voltage and current ratings and they require less maintenance than other high-power semiconductor devices.As a result,they are particularly suitable for quench protection systems(QPSs),which protect the superconducting magnets in large fusion devices from damage.In this paper,we propose a design for a 100 k A/10 k V thyristor stack supported by both theoretical and simulation-based analyses as well as experimental verification.Due to the ultrahigh electrical performance requirements imposed on the QPS by the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology(CRAFT),three main issues must be considered:the voltage-balancing problem caused by multiple thyristors in a series structure,the increased junction temperature problem caused by extremely high currents,and the reverse recovery phenomenon that arises from the thyristor’s physical structure.Hence,a series of detailed theoretical analyses,simulations,and experiments,including a thyristor junction temperature prediction method and reverse recovery process modeling,were carried out to optimize the design.Finally,the reliability and stability of the thyristor stack were verified by a series of prototype experiments.The results confirmed the correctness and accuracy of the proposed thyristor stack design method and also indicated that the proposed thyristor stack can meet the application conditions of a 100 k A QPS in the CRAFT project.展开更多
High voltage fracturing technology was widely used in the field of reservoir reconstruction due to its advantages of being clean, pollution-free, and high-efficiency. However, high-frequency circuit oscillation occurs...High voltage fracturing technology was widely used in the field of reservoir reconstruction due to its advantages of being clean, pollution-free, and high-efficiency. However, high-frequency circuit oscillation occurs during the underwater high voltage pulse discharge process, which brings security risks to the stability of the pulse fracturing system. In order to solve this problem, an underwater pulse power discharge system was established, the circuit oscillation generation conditions were analyzed and the circuit oscillation suppression method was proposed. Firstly, the system structure was introduced and the charging model of the energy storage capacitor was established by the state space average method. Next, the electrode high-voltage breakdown model was established through COMSOL software, the electrode breakdown process was analyzed according to the electron density distribution image, and the plasma channel impedance was estimated based on the conductivity simulation results. Then the underwater pulse power discharge process and the circuit oscillation generation condition were analyzed, and the circuit oscillation suppression strategy of using the thyristor to replace the gas spark switch was proposed. Finally, laboratory experiments were carried out to verify the precision of the theoretical model and the suppression effect of circuit oscillation. The experimental results show that the voltage variation of the energy storage capacitor, the impedance change of the pulse power discharge process, and the equivalent circuit in each discharge stage were consistent with the theoretical model. The proposed oscillation suppression strategy cannot only prevent the damage caused by circuit oscillation but also reduce the damping oscillation time by77.1%, which can greatly improve the stability of the system. This research has potential application value in the field of underwater pulse power discharge for reservoir reconstruction.展开更多
通过直流断路器切除故障是柔性直流电网中最具前景的故障隔离方法。目前,主断支路串联大量全控型电力电子器件的传统混合式直流断路器存在成本高、技术难度大等问题。文中提出一种基于晶闸管的电容换相式混合直流断路器(Thyristor Based...通过直流断路器切除故障是柔性直流电网中最具前景的故障隔离方法。目前,主断支路串联大量全控型电力电子器件的传统混合式直流断路器存在成本高、技术难度大等问题。文中提出一种基于晶闸管的电容换相式混合直流断路器(Thyristor Based Capacitor Commutation Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker, TCC-HDCCB)拓扑。该断路器通过晶闸管和电容配合完成双向故障换流、断流和自适应重合闸功能且利用直流系统本身对换相电容进行预充电,大大降低了造价和控制难度。文中首先介绍了TCC-HDCCB的拓扑结构、工作原理;然后给出了关键器件参数选取方法;最后在PSCAD/EMTDC4.5软件平台中搭建TCC-HDCCB仿真模型,在单端和四端柔性直流电网中进行仿真验证,并从性能以及经济性与有关方案进行对比分析,验证方案的可行性。展开更多
基于晶闸管的直流可控避雷器是混合级联特高压直流输电系统的关键设备,而晶闸管控制单元(thyristor control unit,TCU)作为其核心开关器件晶闸管的驱动控制装置,对于直流可控避雷器晶闸管的可靠运行起到十分重要的作用。直流可控避雷器...基于晶闸管的直流可控避雷器是混合级联特高压直流输电系统的关键设备,而晶闸管控制单元(thyristor control unit,TCU)作为其核心开关器件晶闸管的驱动控制装置,对于直流可控避雷器晶闸管的可靠运行起到十分重要的作用。直流可控避雷器的晶闸管工作在高压直流的条件下,其TCU的设计有别于常见的工作于交流电压条件下的晶闸管阀。文中首先介绍了直流可控避雷器的工作原理,接着分析了可控避雷器晶闸管TCU的工作原理,将TCU分为五大电路功能模块,并给出了各个电路功能模块的设计方案,实现了直流工况下晶闸管的触发控制。根据某实际工程直流可控避雷器提出的TCU设计需求,设计了样机,并通过试验验证了设计的合理性。展开更多
Based on a short anode GTO structure （SA-GTO）,a novel GTO structure called an injection efficiency controlled gate turn off thyristor （IEC-GTO） is proposed,in which the injection efficiency can be controlled via a...Based on a short anode GTO structure （SA-GTO）,a novel GTO structure called an injection efficiency controlled gate turn off thyristor （IEC-GTO） is proposed,in which the injection efficiency can be controlled via an additional thin oxide layer located in the short anode contact region. The forward blocking, conducting, and switching characteristics are analyzed and compared with an SA-GTO and conventional GTO. The results show that the IEC-GTO can obtain a better trade-off relation between on-state and turn-off characteristics. Additionally,the width of the oxide layer covering the anode region and the doping concentration of the anode region are optimized, the process feasibility is analyzed, and a realization scheme is given. The results show that the introduction of an oxide layer would not increase the complexity of process of the IEC-GTO.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University(No.JZ2023HGTA0182)Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology Program of China(No.2018-000052-73-01-001228)。
文摘Because of their economy and applicability,high-power thyristor devices are widely used in the power supply systems for large fusion devices.When high-dose neutrons produced by deuterium–tritium(D–T)fusion reactions are irradiated on a thyristor device for a long time,the electrical characteristics of the device change,which may eventually cause irreversible damage.In this study,with the thyristor switch of the commutation circuit in the quench protection system(QPS)of a fusion device as the study object,the relationship between the internal physical structure and external electrical parameters of the irradiated thyristor is established.Subsequently,a series of targeted thyristor physical simulations and neutron irradiation experiments are conducted to verify the accuracy of the theoretical analysis.In addition,the effect of irradiated thyristor electrical characteristic changes on the entire QPS is studied by accurate simulation,providing valuable guidelines for the maintenance and renovation of the QPS.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2017YFE0300504 and 2017YFE0300500)the Comprehensive Research Facility for the Fusion Technology Program of China(No.2018000052-73-01-001228)。
文摘Thyristors have longer lifetimes,higher reliability,and very high voltage and current ratings and they require less maintenance than other high-power semiconductor devices.As a result,they are particularly suitable for quench protection systems(QPSs),which protect the superconducting magnets in large fusion devices from damage.In this paper,we propose a design for a 100 k A/10 k V thyristor stack supported by both theoretical and simulation-based analyses as well as experimental verification.Due to the ultrahigh electrical performance requirements imposed on the QPS by the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology(CRAFT),three main issues must be considered:the voltage-balancing problem caused by multiple thyristors in a series structure,the increased junction temperature problem caused by extremely high currents,and the reverse recovery phenomenon that arises from the thyristor’s physical structure.Hence,a series of detailed theoretical analyses,simulations,and experiments,including a thyristor junction temperature prediction method and reverse recovery process modeling,were carried out to optimize the design.Finally,the reliability and stability of the thyristor stack were verified by a series of prototype experiments.The results confirmed the correctness and accuracy of the proposed thyristor stack design method and also indicated that the proposed thyristor stack can meet the application conditions of a 100 k A QPS in the CRAFT project.
基金financially supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2016ZX05034004)。
文摘High voltage fracturing technology was widely used in the field of reservoir reconstruction due to its advantages of being clean, pollution-free, and high-efficiency. However, high-frequency circuit oscillation occurs during the underwater high voltage pulse discharge process, which brings security risks to the stability of the pulse fracturing system. In order to solve this problem, an underwater pulse power discharge system was established, the circuit oscillation generation conditions were analyzed and the circuit oscillation suppression method was proposed. Firstly, the system structure was introduced and the charging model of the energy storage capacitor was established by the state space average method. Next, the electrode high-voltage breakdown model was established through COMSOL software, the electrode breakdown process was analyzed according to the electron density distribution image, and the plasma channel impedance was estimated based on the conductivity simulation results. Then the underwater pulse power discharge process and the circuit oscillation generation condition were analyzed, and the circuit oscillation suppression strategy of using the thyristor to replace the gas spark switch was proposed. Finally, laboratory experiments were carried out to verify the precision of the theoretical model and the suppression effect of circuit oscillation. The experimental results show that the voltage variation of the energy storage capacitor, the impedance change of the pulse power discharge process, and the equivalent circuit in each discharge stage were consistent with the theoretical model. The proposed oscillation suppression strategy cannot only prevent the damage caused by circuit oscillation but also reduce the damping oscillation time by77.1%, which can greatly improve the stability of the system. This research has potential application value in the field of underwater pulse power discharge for reservoir reconstruction.
文摘通过直流断路器切除故障是柔性直流电网中最具前景的故障隔离方法。目前,主断支路串联大量全控型电力电子器件的传统混合式直流断路器存在成本高、技术难度大等问题。文中提出一种基于晶闸管的电容换相式混合直流断路器(Thyristor Based Capacitor Commutation Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker, TCC-HDCCB)拓扑。该断路器通过晶闸管和电容配合完成双向故障换流、断流和自适应重合闸功能且利用直流系统本身对换相电容进行预充电,大大降低了造价和控制难度。文中首先介绍了TCC-HDCCB的拓扑结构、工作原理;然后给出了关键器件参数选取方法;最后在PSCAD/EMTDC4.5软件平台中搭建TCC-HDCCB仿真模型,在单端和四端柔性直流电网中进行仿真验证,并从性能以及经济性与有关方案进行对比分析,验证方案的可行性。
文摘基于晶闸管的直流可控避雷器是混合级联特高压直流输电系统的关键设备,而晶闸管控制单元(thyristor control unit,TCU)作为其核心开关器件晶闸管的驱动控制装置,对于直流可控避雷器晶闸管的可靠运行起到十分重要的作用。直流可控避雷器的晶闸管工作在高压直流的条件下,其TCU的设计有别于常见的工作于交流电压条件下的晶闸管阀。文中首先介绍了直流可控避雷器的工作原理,接着分析了可控避雷器晶闸管TCU的工作原理,将TCU分为五大电路功能模块,并给出了各个电路功能模块的设计方案,实现了直流工况下晶闸管的触发控制。根据某实际工程直流可控避雷器提出的TCU设计需求,设计了样机,并通过试验验证了设计的合理性。
文摘Based on a short anode GTO structure （SA-GTO）,a novel GTO structure called an injection efficiency controlled gate turn off thyristor （IEC-GTO） is proposed,in which the injection efficiency can be controlled via an additional thin oxide layer located in the short anode contact region. The forward blocking, conducting, and switching characteristics are analyzed and compared with an SA-GTO and conventional GTO. The results show that the IEC-GTO can obtain a better trade-off relation between on-state and turn-off characteristics. Additionally,the width of the oxide layer covering the anode region and the doping concentration of the anode region are optimized, the process feasibility is analyzed, and a realization scheme is given. The results show that the introduction of an oxide layer would not increase the complexity of process of the IEC-GTO.
文摘集成门极换流晶闸管(integrated gate commutated thyristor,IGCT)换流路径杂散阻抗是评估其关断能力的重要参数,现有离线测量方法有诸多缺陷并且测试过程复杂,实时性差。该文主要针对IGCT换流路径杂散阻抗在线监测问题,结合IGCT关断过程,分析了换流路径杂散阻抗的构成;根据基尔霍夫电流定律(Kirchhoff’s current law,KCL)、基尔霍夫电压定律(Kirchhoff’s voltage law,KVL)推导了换流路径电压、电流方程,进而提出基于阴极集成印刷电路板(printed circuit board,PCB)式电流传感器的换流路径杂散参数在线监测方法;采用高速采集卡和LabVIEW软件,构建了测量系统;通过在高压、大电流加速老化测试平台上的实际测试,实现了mΩ级电阻与nH级电感的杂散阻抗准确提取,验证了在线监测方法的有效性。
