Multi-objective optimization design of anti-roll torsion bar using improved beluga whale optimization algorithm

Purpose – This study aims to reduce the redundant weight of the anti-roll torsion bar brought by thetraditional empirical design and improving its strength and stiffness.Design/methodology/approach – Based on the finite element approach coupled with the improved belugawhale optimization (IBWO) algorithm, a collaborative optimization method is suggested to optimize the designof the anti-roll torsion bar structure and weight. The dimensions and material properties of the torsion bar weredefined as random variables, and the torsion bar’s mass and strength were investigated using finite elements.Then, chaotic mapping and differential evolution (DE) operators are introduced to improve the beluga whaleoptimization (BWO) algorithm and run case studies.Findings – The findings demonstrate that the IBWO has superior solution set distribution uniformity,convergence speed, solution correctness and stability than the BWO. The IBWO algorithm is used to optimizethe anti-roll torsion bar design. The error between the optimization and finite element simulation results wasless than 1%. The weight of the optimized anti-roll torsion bar was lessened by 4%, the maximum stress wasreduced by 35% and the stiffness was increased by 1.9%.Originality/value – The study provides a methodological reference for the simulation optimization process ofthe lateral anti-roll torsion bar.

Time-Variant Reliability-Based Multi-Objective Fuzzy Design Optimization for Anti-Roll Torsion Bar of EMU

Although various types of anti-roll torsion bars have been developed to inhibit excessive roll angle of the electric multiple unit(EMU)car body,it is critical to ensure the reliability of structural design due to the complexity of the problems involving time and uncertainties.To address this issue,amulti-objective fuzzy design optimization model is constructed considering time-variant stiffness and strength reliability constraints for the anti-roll torsion bar.A hybrid optimization strategy combining the design of experiment(DoE)sampling and non-linear programming by quadratic lagrangian(NLPQL)is presented to deal with the design optimization model.To characterize the effect of time on the structural performance of the torsion bar,the continuous-time model combined with Ito lemma is proposed to establish the time-variant stiffness and strength reliability constraints.Fuzzy mathematics is employed to conduct uncertainty quantification for the design parameters of the torsion bar.A physical programming approach is used to improve the designer’s preference and to make the optimization results more consistent with engineering practices.Moreover,the effectiveness of the proposed method has been validated by comparing with current methods in a practical engineering case.

Simulation Research on an Active Anti-Roll System for an Air Spring Passenger Car

To reduce the roll movement of an air spring passenger car, an active anti-roll system is developed, which is constructed with hydraulic and pneumatic units to change spring rate during cornering. For the comparing research between the passive and active system, a two-track vehicle model and a co-simulation model of air spring system are built. For the simulation research on the linear movement of the actuator, a mathematical model is considered as dynamical subsystem in the co-simulation model. To active control the roll angle of vehicle body, a sliding-mode controller with optimized control parameters for the test vehicle is introduced into the model. The characteristics of sliding-mode controller is discussed and the validation of active antiroll control is proved by comparison with other control methods. The results show that the roll angle of air spring vehicle is reduced obviously with the active anti-roll actuator in comparison with that of the passive system. Compared with other control methods, sliding-mode controller has an advantage of shortest switching times, which leads to a longer lifetime of actuator and valves.

Research on the influence of action between fin and anti-rolling tank on the integrated stabilization effect

Through analyzing the roll model of the integrated system of fin and anti-rolling tank, this paper uses binomial equation to simplify the module and check how the approximate parameters simulate the original function. Based on the simplified module, the influence of fin and anti-rolling tank on the coefficient items of the roll module is discussed, and the influencing factors between fin and anti-rolling tank are analysed. And through simulation, the influence of action between fin and anti-rolling tank on the static characteristics, and the integrated stabilization effect, are analyzed.

Influence of sway motion on passive anti-rolling tank

The passive anti-rolling tank is one of important ship stabilizers widely used today. But at present, research of the tank is most aimed at its rolling movement. In this paper, the influence of sway motion on the passive anti-rolling tank is considered, the mathematical model of “ship-passive anti-rolling tank” system coupled with sway motion is developed basing on the U-shaped passive anti-rolling tank theory. Both simulation results and experimental data indicate that it is necessary to consider the influence of sway motion on the anti-rolling tank, which is more agreeable to the actual circumstance.

Optimization of the roll motion of box-shaped hull section with anti-rolling sloshing tanks and fins in beam waves

With the development of ocean engineering and demand for safety of the ship and offshore structures, the transportation and storage of liquid have become an important issue nowadays. Furthermore, in order to improve the hydrodynamic performances of the ship and offshore structures, the anti-rolling liquid tanks are often taken into consideration. The internal-external coupling flow effect is vital for the ship and liquid tank designs, especially when the external wave frequency is close to the natural frequency of liquid tanks with a certain filling ratio, large amplitude motions may occur, which is dangerous to some extent. In this paper, the simulation-based-design method is introduced at first, and the verification of the numerical calculation of internal-external coupling flow with liquid tanks is done then. Finally, the filling ratio of the anti-rolling liquid tank and the installation angle of the anti-rolling fins are optimized to reduce the roll motion amplitude of the hull section to the greatest extent under the combined action of the two anti-rolling devices. Optimization results show that the roll motion amplitude of box-shaped hull section can be successfully reduced by reasonably designing the two anti-rolling devices, which can be a reference to the future design of the fishing ship and other ships with anti-rolling devices.

考虑过盈配合的抗侧滚扭杆寿命预测

抗侧滚扭杆用于提供限制车辆侧滚角度的侧滚力矩,可以提升列车运行的平稳性和安全性。文章以某型动车组用抗侧滚扭杆为研究对象,在考虑抗侧滚扭杆的扭杆轴与扭转臂过盈配合的前提下,基于FKM准则对抗侧滚扭杆进行静强度和疲劳寿命评估。结果表明,该抗侧滚扭杆在极限载荷和疲劳载荷工况下的利用度均小于1,同时满足静强度要求和疲劳寿命要求。

基于液压控制技术的船舶自动应急抗倾覆装置设计

船舶在航行过程中受到波浪影响容易发生倾覆事故,对人员安全造成极大威胁。本文在研究Conolly船舶横摇模型的基础上,提出一种基于液压控制技术的船舶自动应急抗倾覆装置的设计方案,使用减摇鳍来降低船舶的横摇幅度,并通过DSP控制器+Conolly船舶横摇模型的闭环控制方案实现船舶自动应急抗倾覆的目的。通过升力传感器、行程反馈和角度反馈的信号,然后计算出最优的控制信号发送给液压缸并驱动减摇鳍,产生与船舶横摇方向相反的力矩,系统能够动态响应海况变化和船舶运动,对自动应急抗倾覆装置进行仿真,结果表明,系统具有较好的适应性和实时性。

特重车辆荷载作用下独柱墩连续箱梁弯桥抗侧倾和抗滑移分析与加固构造

在分析特重车辆作用下独柱墩连续箱梁弯桥倾覆倒塌事故的基础上,提出导致连续箱梁桥发生倾覆的重要原因是主梁在特重载偏心作用下产生侧倾与滑移的共同作用.以湖北省鄂州市发生倾覆落梁事故的三跨连续箱梁弯桥为工程背景,开展抗侧倾和抗滑移理论计算和有限元分析,提出桥梁整体化的抗滑移加固构造.结果表明,该桥梁具有较高的抗侧倾能力,但抗滑移能力明显不足,特重载偏心作用下产生的切向力显著大于支座的最大抗力,主梁极易发生滑移而倾覆.单纯增大桥梁抗侧倾能力的加固方法对提高主梁的抗倾覆效果不佳,应同时增加桥梁的抗滑移能力.该桥梁采用整体化抗滑移加固构造后,具有较强的抗滑移和抗侧倾能力,在特重载偏心作用下主梁不会发生倾覆破坏.

不同级别横风下虚拟轨道车辆动力学性能研究

为了研究虚拟轨道车辆在不同级别横风下的动力学性能,基于非线性胎地耦合关系建立了3编组虚拟轨道车辆多体动力学模型,研究虚拟轨道车辆在AW0和AW3状态下,不同级别横风对其胎地垂向力、抗倾覆稳定性、抗侧滚性能等主要动力学指标的影响。结果表明:AW0状态且低速工况下,不同风级的风载和运行速度对各编组车辆影响较小,车辆动力学性能等指标基本一致;AW3状态下,各个指标值均随着运行速度和风级的提高而增大,且AW0状态下车辆的抗倾覆稳定性总体上优于AW3状态;针对各编组车辆而言,中间车的抗侧滚性能优于头车和尾车,其中尾车的抗侧滚性能最差,但各编组之间的抗倾覆稳定性相差不大。

转向架外侧定位抗侧滚扭杆结构强度评估方法

[目的]为了对轨道交通列车外侧支撑抗侧滚装置扭杆轴的扭转刚度和扭杆轴强度进行求解,提出一种引入变形协调条件的扭杆轴解析分析方法。[方法]以外侧支撑抗侧滚扭杆装置的1/2扭杆轴为例,根据其受力状态和载荷分布,利用结构的对称性及承担反对称工作载荷的特点,引入结构变形协调条件,求解一次超静定系统的未知力和力矩,获得扭杆轴的剪力和弯矩分布,并推导出抗侧滚扭杆装置扭转刚度和强度的计算公式。以52CrMoV4弹簧钢制造的外侧支撑抗侧滚扭杆装置为例,对比分析了外侧支撑扭杆轴的解析解法计算结果和有限元模型的计算结果。[结果及结论]所提解析解法能够较为便捷地确定扭杆轴不同截面位置的工作应力水平和应力状态,为确定扭杆轴的截面几何参数、不同危险截面的等效应力计算方法和扭杆轴的疲劳失效机理分析提供了理论基础。与有限元法相比,所提解析法具有计算原理简单、计算速度快等优点。

基于CFD的汽车运输滚装船参数横摇与减摇研究

为探究船舶参数横摇发生条件,以一艘汽车运输滚装船为研究对象,采用计算流体力学(CFD)软件STAR-CCM+建立虚拟水池并进行数值模拟。通过模拟静水中船舶横摇自由衰减,计算出船舶的横摇固有周期;采用控制变量法分别探究波高、波长、航速和遭遇频率等对船舶参数横摇的影响;为该船设计并搭载减摇水舱,分析减摇水舱对参数横摇的抑制效果。结果表明:在迎浪规则波中,当波浪达到一定高度,且波浪遭遇频率为船舶横摇固有频率的2倍时,该船的参数横摇最为剧烈;当减摇水舱固有周期等于该船的横摇固有周期时,减摇水舱对参数横摇现象有较好的抑制效果。

弹性支承块式无砟轨道钢轨抗倾翻性能全参数化计算方法

列车通过弹性支承块式无砟轨道时,扣件和弹性支承块的弹性叠加容易使钢轨倾翻角和轨头横移量显著增大,导致动态轨距扩大,进而影响列车运行的安全性和平稳性。综合考虑轮轨激励形式及其载荷作用关系(包括轮轨垂向力的准静态成分、动态成分及其作用位置、轮轨水平力及其作用位置以及钢轨廓形等)、扣件系统力学特性及其几何参数(包括扣件系统的垂向及横向刚度和阻尼以及外形尺寸等)、弹性支承块力学特性及其几何参数(包括弹性支承块的各向刚度、模量、泊松比以及外形尺寸等),建立准确的力学分析模型和几何关系模型,全面清晰地表征了弹性支承块式无砟轨道结构受力特点。基于力矩平衡计算原理,提出弹性支承块式无砟轨道钢轨抗倾翻性能全参数化计算方法,根据单节点实尺模型残余变形试验对理论计算结果进行修正,若考虑消除初始装配间隙影响,支承块间距扩大理论计算值增加0.04 mm加以修正,轨距扩大量应增加0.2 mm加以修正,通过对比分析计算结果、单节点实尺模型试验结果与传统实体有限元模型仿真结果,证明数据吻合度极高。分析与计算结果表明,本文提出的全参数计算方法与单节点实尺模型试验结果、实体有限元模型仿真结果吻合程度良好;利用本文所提出的弹性支承块式无砟轨道钢轨抗倾翻性能全参数化计算方法,可以高效准确地开展多参数敏感性分析;能够为不同运营条件下弹性支承块式无砟轨道结构及其部件优化提供设计依据,并奠定充分的理论基础。

一种新型抗干扰高压隔离开关的设计

针对户外高压隔离开关常受到外界环境等外力的作用而造成合闸失败的问题,设计了一种新型抗干扰高压隔离开关。首先通过对传统的三柱水平旋转式高压隔离开关的结构组成和工作原理进行分析,得出了造成高压隔离开关合闸过程中导电杆提前翻转的原因。然后结合槽轮间隙机构和四连杆阻尼机构的运动特点,给出了抗干扰隔离开关的设计方案与三维几何模型的建立。最后通过数值仿真对四连杆阻尼机构中弹簧的安装位置进行了确定,并验证了设计目标要求。结果表明:该结构可以有效解决传统高压开关导电杆受外力的干扰,可为隔离开关结构的优化设计提供参考依据。

港口桥式起重机械负载防摇控制方法研究

为了有效解决港口桥式起重机械负载振荡问题,提出一种港口桥式起重机械负载防摇控制方法。以港口桥式起重机械为基础,对受力情况展开全面分析,利用拉格朗日原理构建动力学方程,并且采用小角度近似处理的简化方法计算对应的动力学方程,为构建防摇控制器提供理论基础。引入模糊控制推理逻辑,设计出一种模糊自整定PID控制器,将控制器引入到港口桥式起重机械中,实现港口桥式起重机械负载防摇控制。实验分析证明,所提方法可以获取更加满意的港口桥式起重机械负载防摇控制结果。

可变径防侧倾清扫管道机器人结构与通过性能分析

使用很久的管道一般存在破损、腐蚀、老化、堆积异物等问题,针对老化且错综复杂的管道的清理工作,本文提出了一种可在老化的管道内实现异物清理的管道机器人。机器人采用可变径设计,每个驱动装置有单独的驱动系统,外观结构设计可以防止机器人本体发生侧倾。机器人采用履带行走方式,以解决当前机器人在复杂且老化的管道中难以前行的问题。本文首先介绍了管道机器人的整体结构以及在管道中行走的工作原理,然后对管道机器人转弯特性进行分析,最后基于ANSYS软件对关键性部件进行分析,以验证其在管道内的功能以及通过性。

超大倾角带式输送机在工作面的工业性试验

大倾角带式输送机在煤矿生产中起着关键作用,但是也伴随着皮带打滑、物料滚落以及飞车等问题,根据输送带原始参数设计了超大倾角带式输送机的整体方案,对软起动与软制动、计算机、变频调速以及防滚料设计等关键技术进行研究与应用,顺利完成超大倾角带式输送机在工作面的工业性试验,为后续超大倾角带式输送机的研究奠定了基础。

开口防撞梁辊弧后端头收张口研究

针对开口防撞梁辊弧后端头收张口问题,采用仿真和实验方法进行了研究。选取3种典型开口防撞梁进行分析,通过分析截形角度和匹配角度对收张口的影响得出辊弧后收张口的变化规律;通过对断面应力分析得出辊弧后收张口的原因并提出了改善措施;通过分析反弯措施对收张口的影响,得出了布局角度对收张口的影响规律,并通过实验进行了验证;通过4种反挤压变形方案对收张口进行了分析,并经方案改进后得出最优工况。结果表明:起弧轮布局角度一定时,截形角度越大,立筋刚度越小,收张口差值随截形角度的增大而减小;辊弧后产生收张口现象是由辊弧时工件内部产生的剪应力造成的,剪应力是由起弧轮高度差引起的;调整起弧轮布局角度形成反弯可消除部分内应力,减小收张口差值;反挤压变形可减小收张口差值,采用5个整形轮时结构最优;内推轮内推2 mm时辊弧后防撞梁一致性较好,但同时带来法兰边翘曲的不良影响。

铁路防溜器具应用现状及标准化问题研究

防溜器具是为避免机车车辆在停留状态下发生溜逸而使用的重要技术设备,主要包括防溜铁鞋、防溜枕木等。国铁集团技术规章对防溜器具在配备、使用及管理方面均作出了相关规定。目前,防溜铁鞋在铁路行业和企业层面均制定了技术标准,但行业标准实施时间较早,在一定程度上已不适应现场技术设备发生的变化,而防溜枕木在铁路行业和企业层面均无技术标准,现场缺少指导性技术文件。针对上述问题,通过对各铁路局集团公司和生产厂家的调研,研究分析现场在使用和管理防溜铁鞋和防溜枕木过程中存在的问题,提出对防溜器具和相应技术标准的建议,为后续开展技术标准的制修订提供支撑。

复合土工膜防渗斜墙在碾压土石坝工程中的应用与质量控制

碾压土石坝因其技术简单、取材方便等特点,常作为矿山开采水利工程设施的流行坝型,为避免因有色金属渗漏而导致水源污染和生态破坏的潜在风险,采取有效的防渗措施对水坝的设计与施工至关重要。旨在探讨复合土工膜防渗斜墙解决方案,通过多层次结构的组合,包括长丝无纺土工布、双糙面HDPE膜、钠基膨润土毯等,形成可靠的防渗屏障,锚固于坝脚30 m外的截渗齿槽中,通过与土体的紧密结合,成功构建有效的防渗系统,以期为类似矿山建设水利工程设施的设计与施工提供有益的经验借鉴。