A LOW-REGULARITY FOURIER INTEGRATOR FOR THE DAVEY-STEWARTSON II SYSTEM WITH ALMOST MASS CONSERVATION

In this work,we propose a low-regularity Fourier integrator with almost mass conservation to solve the Davey-StewartsonⅡsystem(hyperbolic-elliptic case).Arbitrary order mass convergence could be achieved by the suitable addition of correction terms,while keeping the first order accuracy in H~γ×H^(γ+1)for initial data in H^(γ+1)×H^(γ+1)withγ>1.The main theorem is that,up to some fixed time T,there exist constantsτ_(0)and C depending only on T and‖u‖_(L^(∞)((0,T);H^(γ+1)))such that,for any 0<τ≤τ_(0),we have that‖u(t_(n),·)-u^(n)‖H_γ≤C_(τ),‖v(t_(n),·)-v^(n)‖_(Hγ+1)≤C_(τ),where u^(n)and v^(n)denote the numerical solutions at t_(n)=nτ.Moreover,the mass of the numerical solution M(u^(n))satisfies that|M(u^(n))-M(u_0)|≤Cτ~5.

Astrocytes integrate time and space

Astrocytes read and react to synaptic transmission through tripartite synapses,where the binding of neurotransmitters onto astrocytic receptors triggers an increase in intracellular calcium.Recent investigations have revealed that astrocytes exhibit two distinct states of intracellular calcium activity:(1)graded subcellular localized clusters with independently active microdomains,likely influenced by nearby synaptic events,and(2)whole-cell astrocyte calcium surges,believed to result from the coordinated activation of multiple synapses.Notably,astrocyte calcium responses are not solely graded;instead,a spatial threshold of intracellular calcium activity can be overcome to elicit an astrocyte calcium surge.Together these calcium responses,in turn,initiate downstream signaling pathways capable of modifying synaptic communication and overall network activity.In summary,astrocytes can function as integrators of local synaptic events,actively contributing to information processing within the brain.

Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease:an integrative review

Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging population.Posture and gait control does not happen automatically,as previously believed,but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous mechanisms.To effectively exert control over the body,the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information,including visual,vestibular,and somatosensory signals.The mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present work.Existing multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older adults.Insufficient emphasis,however,has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and balance.In the present work,we review the contributions of somatosensory,visual,and vestibular modalities,along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson’s disease.We also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows,previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older adults.Lastly,we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates,both at the level of neurobiology(concerning positron emission tomography imaging)and at the level of electrophysiology(concerning electroencephalography).We hope that this integrative review,drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience,paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches,to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

Cohort study on the treatment of BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer with integrated Chinese and western medicine

BACKGROUND Patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)have a low incidence rate,poor biological activity,suboptimal response to conventional treatments,and a poor prognosis.In the previous cohort study on mCRC conducted by our team,it was observed that integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment could significantly prolong the overall survival(OS)of patients with colorectal cancer.Therefore,we further explored the survival benefits in the population with BRAF V600E mutant mCRC.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of integrated Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer.METHODS A cohort study was conducted on patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer admitted to Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2016 to December 2022.The patients were divided into two cohorts.RESULTS A total of 34 cases were included,with 23 in Chinese-Western medicine cohort(cohort A)and 11 in Western medicine cohort(cohort B).The median overall survival was 19.9 months in cohort A and 14.2 months in cohort B,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.038,hazard ratio=0.46).The 1-3-year survival rates were 95.65%(22/23),39.13%(9/23),and 26.09%(6/23)in cohort A,and 63.64%(7/11),18.18%(2/11),and 9.09%(1/11)in cohort B,respectively.Subgroup analysis showed statistically significant differences in median OS between the two cohorts in the right colon,liver metastasis,chemotherapy,and first-line treatment subgroups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Integrated Chinese and Western medicine can prolong the survival and reduce the risk of death in patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer,with more pronounced benefits observed in patients with right colon involvement,liver metastasis,combined chemotherapy,and first-line treatment.

Mechanistic insights into the amelioration effects of diabetic cardiomyopathy by berberine:an integrated systems pharmacology study and experimental validation

Background:Diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM)is a type of cardiomyopathy caused by long-term diabetes,characterized by abnormal myocardial structure and function,which can lead to heart failure.Berberine(BBR),a quaternary ammonium alkaloid isolated from Coptidis Rhizoma,a traditional Chinese medicine,has superior anti-diabetic and heart-protective properties.The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of BBR on DCM.Methods:This study used a systems pharmacology approach to evaluate the related proteins and signalling pathways between BBR and DCM targets,combined with experimental validation using diabetic mouse heart sections.Microstructural and pathological changes were observed using Hematoxylin-eosin,Masson’s trichrome stain and wheat germ agglutinin staining.Immunofluorescence and western blot were used to determine protein expression.Results:The results indicate that BBR and DCM share 21 core relevant targets,with cross-targets predominantly located in mitochondrial,endoplasmic reticulum,and plasma membrane components.BBR exerts its main effects in improving DCM by maintaining mitochondrial integrity,particularly involving the PI3K-AKT-GSK3βand apoptosis signalling pathways.In addition,post-treatment changes in the key targets of BBR,including cysteine aspartate specific protease(Caspase)-3,phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)and mitochondria-related proteins,are suggestive of its efficacy.Conclusion:BBR crucially improves DCM by maintaining mitochondrial integrity,inhibiting apoptosis,and modulating PI3K-AKT-GSK3βsignaling.Further studies must address animal model limitations and validate clinical efficacy to understand BBR’s mechanisms fully and its potential clinical use.

Spireoside Controls Blast Disease by Disrupting Membrane Integrity of Magnaporthe oryzae

The application of fungicides is an effective strategy for controlling plant diseases.Among these agents,plant-derived antifungal metabolites are particularly promising due to their eco-friendly and sustainable nature.Plant secondary metabolites typically exhibit broad-spectrum antifungal activity without selective toxicity against pathogens.However,only a small fraction of antifungal metabolites have been identified from the tens of thousands of known plant secondary metabolites.In this study,we conducted a metabolomic analysis on both blast-resistant(Digu)and-susceptible(Lijiangxintuanheigu)rice varieties to uncover novel metabolites that enhance blast resistance.We found that 24 and 48 h post-inoculation with Magnaporthe oryzae were critical time points for metabolomic profiling,based on the infected status of M.oryzae in rice and the observed differences in shikimate accumulation between the two varieties.Following metabolomic analysis,we identified nine flavonoids that were differentially accumulated and are considered potential candidates for disease control.Among these,apigenin-7-glucoside,rhamnetin,and spireoside were found to be effective in controlling blast disease,with spireoside demonstrating the most pronounced efficacy.We discovered that spireoside controlled blast disease by inhibiting both spore germination and appressorium formation in M.oryzae,primarily through disrupting cell membrane integrity.However,spireoside did not induce rice immunity.Furthermore,spireoside was also effective in controlling sheath blight disease.Thus,spireoside shows considerable promise as a candidate for the development of a fungicide for controlling plant diseases.

Geographical Engineering and Its Role in Promoting Integrated Geography Research

Throughout the contemporary Chinese history of geography,geographical engineering has consistently played a pivotal role as a fundamental scientific activity.It possesses its distinct ontological basis and value orientation,rendering it inseparable from being merely a derivative of geographical science or technology.This paper defines geographical engineering and introduces its development history through the lens of Chinese geographical engineering praxises.Furthermore,it is highlighted the logical and functional consistency between the theory of human-earth system and the praxis of geographical engineering.Six modern cases of geographical engineering projects are presented in detail to demonstrate the points and characteristics of different types of modern geographical engineering.Geographical engineering serves as an engine for promoting integrated geography research,and in response to the challenge posed by fragmented geographies,this paper advocates for an urgent revitalization of geographical engineering.The feasibility of revitalizing geographical engineering is guaranteed because it aligns with China’s national strategies.

Integrated Sensing and Communication Enabled Sensing Base Station:System Design,Beamforming,Interference Cancellation and Performance Analysis

This paper studies the sensing base station(SBS)that has great potential to improve the safety of vehicles and pedestrians on roads.SBS can detect the targets on the road with communication signals using the integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)technique.Compared with vehicle-mounted radar,SBS has a better sensing field due to its higher deployment position,which can help solve the problem of sensing blind areas.In this paper,key technologies of SBS are studied,including the beamforming algorithm,beam scanning scheme,and interference cancellation algorithm.To transmit and receive ISAC signals simultaneously,a double-coupling antenna array is applied.The free detection beam and directional communication beam are proposed for joint communication and sensing to meet the requirements of beamwidth and pointing directions.The joint timespace-frequency domain division multiple access algorithm is proposed to cancel the interference of SBS,including multiuser interference and duplex interference between sensing and communication.Finally,the sensing and communication performance of SBS under the industrial scientific medical power limitation is analyzed and simulated.Simulation results show that the communication rate of SBS can reach over 100 Mbps and the range of sensing and communication can reach about 500 m.

基于Cyber-Integrator语义平台的临床路径工作流管理方法研究

介绍一种基于Cyber-Integrator(CI)语义平台的临床路径(CP)工作流管理方法。阐明国内外语义技术在临床路径应用的成功案例,指出CP语义描述的可行性与不足,深入探讨如何利用CI语义平台来对CP工作流进行管理,包括描述、执行和控制等,说明此方法局限性并提出进一步研究方向。

基于ARM Integrator的Sigma-Delta音频DAC的实现

介绍了ARM公司的一款FPGA验证开发平台ARMIntegrator,以及基于该平台设计的Sigma-Delta音频DAC的实现.在详细介绍Integrator的各个模块的基础之上,利用开发平台的FPGA上验证实现了一个1阶的6位的Sigma-Delta型的DAC,主要包括Sigma-Delta DAC的原理与主要电路,FPGA验证实现过程中的DAC数字滤波器以及调制器的设计以及验证流程,通过virsi m仿真时序波形,验证了所设计的DAC正确性和可实现性.

Geometric formulations and variational integrators of discrete autonomous Birkhoff systems

The variational integrators of autonomous Birkhoff systems are obtained by the discrete variational principle. The geometric structure of the discrete autonomous Birkhoff system is formulated. The discretization of mathematical pendulum shows that the discrete variational method is as effective as symplectic scheme for the autonomous Birkhoff systems.

Global satisfactory control for nonlinear integrator processes with long delay

Integrator processes with long delay are difficult to control. Nonlinear characteristics of actuators make the control problem more challenging. A technique is proposed in this paper for global satisfactory control （GSC） of such processes with relay-type nonlinearity. An oscillatory control signal is injected into the nonlinear process; the amplitude and frequency of the oscillatory signal are designed to linearise the nonlinear process in the sense of harmonic analysis; and a state feedback controller is configured to implement GSC over the linearised process. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of

Design of high-performance energy integrator detector for wideband radar

Target detection for wideband radar has recently received extensive attention. The classical energy integrating(EI)detector will always accumulate excess clutter or noise energy,which leads to unacceptable performance deterioration if the detection window is not selected properly. In this paper, an EI detector for the distributed targets in the Gaussian environment is proposed.First, at the stage of preparatory work, the target models are proposed, then, the problem formulation is introduced. Subsequently,in the aspect of optimizing the method of detection window search and the method of threshold setting, the detailed design stages of the proposed detector are provided. Furthermore, theoretical analyses show that the proposed detector is easy to hardware implementation, and it does not need the prior knowledge about the spatial distribution of the target scattering centers in practical radar detection application. Finally, the performance assessment conducted by Monte Carlo simulations verifies that the proposed detector outperforms the conventional detectors.

PpARF6 acts as an integrator of auxin and ethylene signaling to promote fruit ripening in peach

Although auxin is known to induce ethylene biosynthesis in some Rosaceae fruit crops,the mechanisms underlying the auxin–ethylene interaction during fruit ripening remain largely unknown.Here,the regulatory role of an auxin response factor,PpARF6,in fruit ripening was investigated in peach.Peach fruits showed accelerated ripening after treatment with auxin and PpARF6 was found to be significantly induced.PpARF6 not only could induce ethylene synthesis by directly activating the transcription of ethylene biosynthetic genes,but also competed with EIN3-binding F-box proteins PpEBF1/2 for binding to ethylene-insensitive3-like proteins PpEIL2/3,thereby keeping PpEIL2/3 active.Moreover,PpARF6 showed an interaction with PpEIL2/3 to enhance the PpEIL2/3-activated transcription of ethylene biosynthetic genes.Additionally,ectopic overexpression of PpARF6 in tomato accelerated fruit ripening by promoting the expression of genes involved in ethylene synthesis and fruit texture.In summary,our results revealed a positive regulatory role of PpARF6 in peach fruit ripening via integrating auxin and ethylene signaling.

Improvement of Boxcar Integrator and Its Application to Low Resistance Measurement of Inductive Load Coil

A boxcar integrator is described which is suitable for the low-repetition-rate signal processing. This boxcar integrator, named fixed-interval mode boxcar integrator, is able to reject harmonics other than the first harmonic component. It can also decrease the effective time constant In many situations, the antialiasing filter with narrow bandwidth will cause distortion of the input signal. The fixed-interval mode boxcar integrator with suitable gate width can achieve relative high performance without signal distortion because the bandwidth of its antialiasing filter can be wider than that in the fixed-Point boxcar integrator. ms boxcar integrator is used as majn part of signalprocessing circult in the low resisance measurement of inductive load coil. The results of experiments show that the fixed-interval boxcar integrator is suitable for low-repetition-rate use.

Two New Fourth-Order Three-Stage Symplectic Integrators

Two new fourth-order three-stage symplectic integrators are specifically designed for a family of Hamiltonian systems,such as the harmonic oscillator,mathematical pendulum and latticeφ4 model.When the nonintegrable latticeφ4 system is taken as a test model,numerical comparisons show that the new methods have a great advantage over the second-order Verlet symplectic integrators in the accuracy of energy,become explicitly better than the usual non-gradient fourth-order seven-stage symplectic integrator of Forest and Ruth,and are almost equivalent to a fourth-order seven-stage force gradient symplectic integrator of Chin.As the most important advantage,the new integrators are convenient for solving the variational equations of many Hamiltonian systems so as to save a great deal of the computational cost when scanning a lot of orbits for chaos.

Symplectic-energy-first integrators of discrete mechanico-electrical dynamical systems

A discrete total variation calculus with variable time steps is presented for mechanico-electrical systems where there exist non-potential and dissipative forces. By using this discrete variation calculus, the symplectic-energy-first integrators for mechanico-electrical systems are derived. To do this, the time step adaptation is employed. The discrete variational principle and the Euler-Lagrange equation are derived for the systems. By using this discrete algorithm it is shown that mechanico-electrical systems are not symplectic and their energies are not conserved unless they are Lagrange mechanico-electrical systems. A practical example is presented to illustrate these results.

On Trigonometric Numerical Integrator for Solving First Order Ordinary Differential Equation

In this paper, we used an interpolation function with strong trigonometric components to derive a numerical integrator that can be used for solving first order initial value problems in ordinary differential equation. This numerical integrator has been tested for desirable qualities like stability, convergence and consistency. The discrete models have been used for a numerical experiment which makes us conclude that the schemes are suitable for the solution of first order ordinary differential equation.

Chebyshev spectral variational integrator and applications

The Chebyshev spectral variational integrator(CSVI) is presented in this paper. Spectral methods have aroused great interest in approximating numerically a smooth problem for their attractive geometric convergence rates. The geometric numerical methods are praised for their excellent long-time geometric structure-preserving properties.According to the generalized Galerkin framework, we combine two methods together to construct a variational integrator, which captures the merits of both methods. Since the interpolating points of the variational integrator are chosen as the Chebyshev points,the integration of Lagrangian can be approximated by the Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature rule, and the barycentric Lagrange interpolation is presented to substitute for the classic Lagrange interpolation in the approximation of configuration variables and the corresponding derivatives. The numerical float errors of the first-order spectral differentiation matrix can be alleviated by using a trigonometric identity especially when the number of Chebyshev points is large. Furthermore, the spectral variational integrator(SVI) constructed by the Gauss-Legendre quadrature rule and the multi-interval spectral method are carried out to compare with the CSVI, and the interesting kink phenomena for the Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature rule are discovered. The numerical results reveal that the CSVI has an advantage on the computing time over the whole progress and a higher accuracy than the SVI before the kink position. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated and verified perfectly through the numerical simulations for several classical mechanics examples and the orbital propagation for the planet systems and the Solar system.

Intelligent Small Sample Defect Detection of Concrete Surface Using Novel Deep Learning Integrating Improved YOLOv5

Dear Editor,This letter presents an intelligent small sample defect detection of concrete surface using novel deep learning integrating the improved YOLOv5 based on the Wasserstein GAN(WGAN)enhancement algorithm.The proposed method is capable of producing top-notch data sets to address the issues of insufficient samples and substandard quality.