Research Progress of Anti-tumor Active Ingredients in Dandelion

As a traditional Chinese herb,dandelion,containing complicated active ingredients which includes polysaccharide,flavonoid,terpene,pigment,phytosterol,coumarin,organic acid and etc,plays significant roles in various physiological activities in organisms.The active ingredients generally interfere in signal transduction of cancer cells,regulate cell cycle and apoptotic protein expression,inhibit cancer cells proliferation and migration and etc,which effectively restrains tumor development and deterioration.This article summarizes the anti-tumor mechanism of five active ingredients in dandelion through paper reading which provides thoughts and references for anti-tumor research.

Advances in Research on Anti-tumor Active Components of Labiatae Plants

In recent years, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of the Labiatae plants have been widely recognized, and have been used in clinical practice, and their anti-tumor effects are also very significant, and receiving more and more attention. At present, malignant tumors are still the first killer threatening human health. Because of the long-term use of chemical anti-tumor drugs with certain drug resistance and obvious side effects, finding high-efficiency anti-tumor active ingredients from natural plants and Chinese herbal medicines has become a hot spot in the field of pharmacy. Literature survey indicates that the active ingredients in Labiatae plants have anti-tumor effects. Therefore, this paper summarized and discussed the anti-tumor types, mechanisms and active components of the Labiatae plants, so as to provide a basis and reference for the development of new anti-tumor drugs or preparations.

“ACTIVE”英语学科育人模式构建与应用

本研究以“立德树人”为核心理念,构建“ACTIVE”英语学科育人模式。该模式通过六个关键维度--学科育人(AIM)、文化浸润(Culture)、思维可见(Thinking)、技术融合(Integration)、美德根植(Virtue)和情感共鸣(Empathy)--全面激发学生英语学习的热情,培养他们的语言能力,同时注重道德品质的熏陶和文化素养的提升,促进英语学科素养落地。本研究不仅为英语教学实践提供了新的视角,也为其他学科育人模式的构建提供了有益的参考和借鉴。

Liquid crystal-integrated metasurfaces for an active photonic platform

Metasurfaces have opened the door to next-generation optical devices due to their ability to dramatically modulate electromagnetic waves at will using periodically arranged nanostructures.However,metasurfaces typically have static optical responses with fixed geometries of nanostructures,which poses challenges for implementing transition to technology by replacing conventional optical components.To solve this problem,liquid crystals(LCs)have been actively employed for designing tunable metasurfaces using their adjustable birefringent in real time.Here,we review recent studies on LCpowered tunable metasurfaces,which are categorized as wavefront tuning and spectral tuning.Compared to numerous reviews on tunable metasurfaces,this review intensively explores recent development of LC-integrated metasurfaces.At the end of this review,we briefly introduce the latest research trends on LC-powered metasurfaces and suggest further directions for improving LCs.We hope that this review will accelerate the development of new and innovative LC-powered devices.

Variation in the permafrost active layer over the Tibetan Plateau during 1980–2020

The active layer,acting as an intermediary of water and heat exchange between permafrost and atmosphere,greatly influences biogeochemical cycles in permafrost areas and is notably sensitive to climate fluctuations.Utilizing the Chinese Meteorological Forcing Dataset to drive the Community Land Model,version 5.0,this study simulates the spatial and temporal characteristics of active layer thickness(ALT)on the Tibetan Plateau(TP)from 1980 to 2020.Results show that the ALT,primarily observed in the central and western parts of the TP where there are insufficient station observations,exhibits significant interdecadal changes after 2000.The average thickness on the TP decreases from 2.54 m during 1980–1999 to 2.28 m during 2000–2020.This change is mainly observed in the western permafrost region,displaying a sharp regional inconsistency compared to the eastern region.A persistent increasing trend of ALT is found in the eastern permafrost region,rather than an interdecadal change.The aforementioned changes in ALT are closely tied to the variations in the surrounding atmospheric environment,particularly air temperature.Additionally,the area of the active layer on the TP displays a profound interdecadal change around 2000,arising from the permafrost thawing and forming.It consistently decreases before 2000 but barely changes after 2000.The regional variation in the permafrost active layer over the TP revealed in this study indicates a complex response of the contemporary climate under global warming.

An active high-static-low-dynamic-stiffness vibration isolator with adjustable buckling beams:theory and experiment

High-static-low-dynamic-stiffness(HSLDS)vibration isolators with buckling beams have been widely used to isolate external vibrations.An active adjustable device composed of proportion integration(PI)active controllers and piezoelectric actuators is proposed for improving the negative stiffness stroke of buckling beams.A nonlinear output frequency response function is used to analyze the effect of the vibration reduction.The prototype of the active HSLDS device is built,and the verification experiment is conducted.The results show that compared with the traditional HSLDS vibration isolator,the active HSLDS device can broaden the isolation frequency bandwidth,and effectively reduce the resonant amplitude by adjusting the active control parameters.The maximum vibration reduction rate of the active HSLDS vibration isolator can attain 89.9%,and the resonant frequency can be reduced from 31.08 Hz to 13.28 Hz.Therefore,this paper devotes to providing a new design scheme for enhanced HSLDS vibration isolators.

Critical Solvation Structures Arrested Active Molecules for Reversible Zn Electrochemistry

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)have attracted increasing attention in next-generation energy storage systems due to their high safety and economic.Unfortunately,the side reactions,dendrites and hydrogen evolution effects at the zinc anode interface in aqueous electrolytes seriously hinder the application of aqueous zinc-ion batteries.Here,we report a critical solvation strategy to achieve reversible zinc electrochemistry by introducing a small polar molecule acetonitrile to form a“catcher”to arrest active molecules(bound water molecules).The stable solvation structure of[Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(2+)is capable of maintaining and completely inhibiting free water molecules.When[Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(2+)is partially desolvated in the Helmholtz outer layer,the separated active molecules will be arrested by the“catcher”formed by the strong hydrogen bond N-H bond,ensuring the stable desolvation of Zn^(2+).The Zn||Zn symmetric battery can stably cycle for 2250 h at 1 mAh cm^(-2),Zn||V_(6)O_(13) full battery achieved a capacity retention rate of 99.2%after 10,000 cycles at 10 A g^(-1).This paper proposes a novel critical solvation strategy that paves the route for the construction of high-performance AZIBs.

Preparation of kakkatin derivatives and their anti-tumor activity

BACKGROUND Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that plant-derived compounds from Puerariae flos(PF)has significant biological activities against liver damage,tumors and inflammation.Kakkatin is an isoflavone polyphenolic compound isolated from PF flower.However,the effect of kakkatin and its derivatives on anti-tumor has not been well explored.AIM To design and synthesize a kakkatin derivative[6-(hept-6-yn-1-yloxy)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one(HK)]to explore its anti-tumor biological activity.METHODS Hept-6-yn-1-yl ethanesulfonate was introduced to replace hydrogen at the hydroxyl position of kakkatin phenol,and the derivative of kakkatin was prepared;the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide was used to detect cell viability,a clone formation assay was adopted to detect cell proliferation,apoptosis,necrosis,and cell cycles were analyzed by Annexin V/propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry.Cell migration and invasion ability were evaluated by cell scratch assay and transwell assay.The potential mechanism of HK on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)SMMC-7721 cells was explored through network pharmacology and molecular docking,and finally real-time PCR assays was used to verify the potential targets and evaluate the biological activity of HK.RESULTS Compared with kakkatin,the modified HK did not significantly increase the inhibitory activity of gastric cancer MGC803 cells,but the inhibitory activity of HCC SMMC-7721 cells was increased by about 30 times,with an IC50 value of 2.5μM,and the tumor inhibition effect was better than cisplatin,which could significantly inhibit the cloning,invasion and metastasis of HCC SMMC-7721 cells,and induce apoptosis and G2/M cycle arrest.Its mechanism of action is mainly related to the upregulation of PDE3B and NFKB1 target proteins in the cAMP pathway.CONCLUSION HK have a significant inhibitory effect on HCC SMMC-7721 cells,and the targets of their action may be PDE3B and NFKB1 proteins in the cAMP pathway,making it a good lead drug for the treatment of HCC.

Screening for Anti-tumor Activity of Fractions from Buddleja officinalis Maxim

[Objectives]The anti-tumor activity of fractions from Buddleja officinalis Maxim.by petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and water solvent was studied.[Methods]The ethanol extract from B.officinalis Maxim.was extracted and then concentrated with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and water,respectively,and the extracts were obtained.The inhibitory effects of the four different fractions on the growth of three tumor cell lines in vitro were detected by CCK-8 method,and the median inhibitory concentration(IC 50 value)was calculated.[Results]The four fractions inhibited the growth of the three tumor cell lines in vitro,among which the n-butanol fraction had the best anti-tumor activity.The IC 50 values of the n-butanol fraction on human gastric cancer(SGC-7901),human breast cancer(MCF-7)and human liver cancer(BEL-7404)cell lines were 0.08,1.58 and 0.12 mg/mL,respectively.[Conclusions]Petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and water fractions from the ethanol extract of B.officinalis Maxim.had certain anti-tumor effects,and the n-butanol fraction had the best anti-tumor activity.

Modelling Foot and Mouth Disease in the Context of Active Immigrants

This study employs mathematical modeling to analyze the impact of active immigrants on Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) transmission dynamics. We calculate the reproduction number (R0) using the next-generation matrix approach. Applying the Routh-Hurwitz Criterion, we establish that the Disease-Free Equilibrium (DFE) point achieves local asymptotic stability when R0 α1 and α2) are closely associated with reduced susceptibility in animal populations, underscoring the link between immigrants and susceptibility. Furthermore, our findings emphasize the interplay of disease introduction with population response and adaptation, particularly involving incoming infectious immigrants. Swift interventions are vital due to the limited potential for disease establishment and rapid susceptibility decline. This study offers crucial insights into the complexities of FMD transmission with active immigrants, informing effective disease management strategies.

Active Micro-Nano-Collaborative Bioelectronic Device for Advanced Electrophysiological Recording

The development of precise and sensitive electrophysiological recording platforms holds the utmost importance for research in the fields of cardiology and neuroscience.In recent years,active micro/nano-bioelectronic devices have undergone significant advancements,thereby facilitating the study of electrophysiology.The distinctive configuration and exceptional functionality of these active micro-nano-collaborative bioelectronic devices offer the potential for the recording of high-fidelity action potential signals on a large scale.In this paper,we review three-dimensional active nano-transistors and planar active micro-transistors in terms of their applications in electroexcitable cells,focusing on the evaluation of the effects of active micro/nano-bioelectronic devices on electrophysiological signals.Looking forward to the possibilities,challenges,and wide prospects of active micro-nano-devices,we expect to advance their progress to satisfy the demands of theoretical investigations and medical implementations within the domains of cardiology and neuroscience research.

Learning active flow control strategies of a swept wing by intelligent wind tunnel

An intelligent wind tunnel using an active learning approach automates flow control experiments to discover the aerodynamic impact of sweeping jet on a swept wing. A Gaussian process regression model is established to study the jet actuator's performance at various attack and flap deflection angles. By selectively focusing on the most informative experiments, the proposed framework was able to predict 3721 wing conditions from just 55experiments, significantly reducing the number of experiments required and leading to faster and cost-effective predictions. The results show that the angle of attack and flap deflection angle are coupled to affect the effectiveness of the sweeping jet. Meanwhile, increasing the jet momentum coefficient can contribute to lift enhancement;a momentum coefficient of 3% can increase the lift coefficient by at most 0.28. Additionally, the improvement effects are more pronounced when actuators are placed closer to the wing root.

Corrigendum to“Active components of Dengzhan Shengmai ameliorate cognitive impairment by facilitating hippocampal long-term potentiation via the NMDA receptor-mediated Ca^(2+)/CaMKII pathway”[J.Pharm.Anal.14(2024)435–438]

The authors regret there was an unfortunate error in the reproduction of Fig.1I in the article.In the original figure,the fluorescence picture of the positive control drug-ifenprodil was misused.The authors have corrected Fig.1I and provided the original fluorescence pictures of all groups(seven groups,n=5 for each group)to the editorial office.Below,the corrected Fig.1I is shown below.The authors declare that this correction does not affect the description,interpretation,or the original conclusions of the article.

Data-Driven Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Plant-Protection Unmanned Ground Vehicle Prototype: A Fuzzy Indirect Iterative Learning Approach

Dear Editor,This letter proposes a fuzzy indirect iterative learning(FIIL)active disturbance rejection control(ADRC)scheme to address the impact of uncertain factors of plant-protection unmanned ground vehicle(UGV),in which ADRC is a data-driven model-free control algorithm that only relies on the input and output data of the system.Based on the established nonlinear time-varying dynamic model including dynamic load(medicine box),the FIIL technology is adopted to turn the bandwidth and control channel gain online,in which the fuzzy logic system is used to update the gain parameters of iterative learning in real time.Simulation and experiment show the FIIL-ADRC scheme has better control performance.

“Active Feedback” Fitbit-Based Physical Activity and Sleep Hygiene Intervention for Memory Assessment Service (MAS) Patients with Cognitive Deficits: Feasibility, Acceptability, Sleep Quality, Stress, and Wellbeing Outcomes

Research Background: Compared to the general population, people experiencing age-related cognitive decline are more likely to have low levels of physical activity and sleep problems. Sufficient physical activity and quality sleep are protective factors against cognitive decline and poor health and can improve coping with stressors. The “Active Feedback” intervention comprises a wearable activity and sleep tracker (Fitbit), access to Fitbit software healthy lifestyle software apps;one session with Memory Assessment Service (MAS) staff providing physical activity and sleep hygiene advice and two further engagement, discussion, and feedback sessions. Purpose/Aim: This study investigates the acceptability and feasibility of Active Feedback and the effect on stress, mental wellbeing, and sleep quality, and the links between these factors. Methods: An open-label patient cohort design with no control group was used. Pre-intervention, 4-week and 8-week intervention assessments were performed using participant self-report measures: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS), and Sleep Conditioning Index (SCI). Twenty-five participants completed an eight-week three-session intervention (18 males and 7 females), with the age range of 66 - 84 years old, and average age of 73.8 years (SD = 5.09). Fifteen participants had a diagnosis of MCI, ten participants did not. Results: There were non-significant improvements in SCI scores from 21.0 (SD = 8.84) to 21.6 (SD = 6.20) at 8 weeks, PSS scores from 17.5 (SD = 5.89) to 17.0 (SD = 6.20) at 8 weeks, and WEMWBS scores from 46.9 (SD = 9.23) to 48.8 (SD = 9.69) at 8 weeks. There were negative correlations between WEMWBS and PSS. Conclusion: Active Feedback intervention was found to be feasible and acceptable. Active Feedback could be enhanced to include motivational interviewing and goal setting.

Formation mechanism of electroless plating nickel-based composite coating on highly active rare earth magnesium alloys and its corrosion resistance and adhesion performance

The process of preparing anodic oxide film containing active sites and electroless nickel plating on highly active rare earth magnesium alloy was developed.The formation mechanism of electroless nickel plating on active anodic oxide film and the structure and properties of the composite coating were studied by several surface and electrochemical techniques.The results showed that Ag nanograins with an average size of 10 nm were embedded into the anodic oxide film with pores of 0.1−2μm.Ag nanoparticles provided a catalytic site for the deposition of Ni-B alloy,and the Ni crystal nucleus was first grown in horizontal mode and then in cylindrical mode.The corrosion potential of the composite coating increased by 1.37 V and the corrosion current reduced two orders of magnitude due to the subsequent deposition of Ni-P alloy.The high corrosion resistance was attributed to the misaligning of these micro defects in the three different layers and the amorphous structure of the Ni-P alloy in the outer layer.These findings provide a new idea for electroless nickel plating on anodic oxide film.

Effect of simulated gastrointestinal digestion on antioxidant,and anti-inflammatory activities of bioactive peptides generated in sausages fermented with Staphylococcus simulans QB7

Dry-fermented sausages are a good source of bioactive peptides,whose stability against gastrointestinal(GI)digestion determines their bioaccessibility.This study focused on evaluating the effect of peptide extracts from sausages fermented with Staphylococcus simulans QB7 during in vitro simulated GI digestion,including peptide profiles and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.Peptides present in sausages were degraded during digestion,with molecular weight reduced from>12 kDa to<1.5 kDa.Besides,the content of amino acids increased from 381.15 to 527.07 mg/g,especially tyrosine being found only after GI digestion.The anti-inflammatory activities were increased after GI digestion,however,the changes in antioxidant activities were the opposite.A total number of 255,252 and 386 peptide sequences were identified in undigested,peptic-digested and GI-digested samples,respectively.PeptideRanker,BIOPEP-UWM and admetSAR were used to further predict the functional properties and intestinal absorption of the identified peptide sequences from GI digestion.Finally,18 peptides were discovered to possess either antioxidant or anti-inflammatory capacities.

Synergism of Zinc Oxide/Organoclay-Loaded Poly(lactic acid) Hybrid Nanocomposite Plasticized by Triacetin for Sustainable Active Food Packaging

The synergistic effect of organoclay(OC)and zinc oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles on the crucial properties of poly(lactic acid)(PLA)nanocompositefilms was systematically investigated herein.After their incorporation into PLA via the solvent casting technique,the water vapor barrier property of the PLA/OC/ZnOfilm improved by a maximum of 86%compared to the neat PLAfilm without the deterioration of Young’s modulus or the tensile strength.Moreover,thefilm’s self-antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens,including gram-negative(Escherichia coli,E.coli)and gram-positive(Staphylococcus aureus,S.aureus)bacteria,was enhanced by a max-imum of approximately 98–99%compared to the neat PLAfilm.Furthermore,SEM images revealed the homo-geneous dispersion of both nano-fillers in the PLA matrix.However,the thermal stability of thefilm decreased slightly after the addition of the OC and ZnO.Thefilm exhibited notable light barrier properties in the UV-Vis range.Moreover,the incorporation of a suitable biodegradable plasticizer significantly decreased the Tg and notably enhanced theflexibility of the nanocompositefilm by increasing the elongation at break approxi-mately 1.5-fold compared to that of the neat PLAfilm.This contributes to its feasibility as an active food packa-ging material.

Control of temperature dependent viscosity for manufacturing of Bi-doped active fiber

Bi-activated photonic materials are promising for various applications in high-capacity telecommunication,tunable laser,and advanced bioimaging and sensing.Although various Bi-doped material candidates have been explored,manufacturing of Bi heavily doped fiber with excellent optical activity remains a long-standing challenge.Herein,a novel viscosity evolutional behavior mediated strategy for manufacturing of Bi-doped active fiber with high dopant solubility is proposed.The intrinsic relation among the evolution of Bi,reaction temperature and viscosity of the glass system is established.Importantly,the effective avenue to prevent the undesired deactivation of Bi during fiber drawing by tuning the temperature dependent viscosity evolution is built.By applying the strategy,for the first time we demonstrate the success in fabrication of heavily doped Bi active fiber.Furthermore,the principal fiber amplifier device is constructed and broadband optical signal amplification is realized.Our findings indicate the effectiveness of the proposed temperature dependent viscosity mediated strategy for developing novel photonic active fiber,and they also demonstrate the great potential for application in the next-generation high-capacity telecommunication system.

Disorder-to-order transition induced by spontaneous cooling regulation in robotic active matter

In classical matter systems, typical phase-transition phenomena usually stem from changes in state variables, such as temperature and pressure, induced by external regulations such as heat transfer and volume adjustment. However, in active matter systems, the self-propulsion nature of active particles endows the systems with the ability to induce unique collectivestate transitions by spontaneously regulating individual properties to alter the overall states. Based on an innovative robot-swarm experimental system, we demonstrate a field-driven active matter model capable of modulating individual motion behaviors through interaction with a recoverable environmental resource field by the resource perception and consumption.In the simulated model, by gradually reducing the individual resource-conversion coefficient over time, this robotic active matter can spontaneously decrease the overall level of motion, thereby actively achieving a regulation behavior like the cooling-down control. Through simulation calculations, we discover that the spatial structures of this robotic active matter convert from disorder to order during this process, with the resulting ordered structures exhibiting a high self-adaptability on the geometry of the environmental boundaries.