Herb pair of Huangqi-Danggui exerts anti-tumor immunity to breast cancer by upregulating PIK3R1

Background:According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),drugs supplementing the vital energy,Qi,can eliminate tumors by restoring host immunity.The objective of this study is to investigate the underlying immune mechanisms of anti-tumor activity associated with Qi-supplementing herbs,specifically the paired use of Huangqi and Danggui.Methods:Analysis of compatibility regularity was conducted to screen the combination of Qi-supplementing TCMs.Using the MTT assay and a transplanted tumor mice model,the anti-tumor effects of combination TCMs were investigated in vitro and in vivo.High content analysis and flow cytometry were then used to evaluate cellular immunity,followed by network pharmacology and molecular docking to dissect the significant active compounds and potential mechanisms.Finally,the anti-tumor activity and the mechanism of the active ingredients were verified by molecular experiments.Results:There is an optimal combination of Huangqi and Danggui that,administered as an aqueous extract,can activate immunity to suppress tumor and is more effective than each drug on its own in vitro and in vivo.Based on network pharmacology analysis,PIK3R1 is the core target for the anti-tumor immunity activity of combined Huangqi and Danggui.Molecular docking analysis shows 6 components of the combined Danggui and Huangqi extract(quercetin,jaranol,isorhamnetin,kaempferol,calycosin,and suchilactone)that bind to PIK3R1.Jaranol is the most important component against breast cancer.The suchilactone/jaranol combination and,especially,the suchilactone/kaempferol combination are key for immunity enhancement and the anti-tumor effects of the extract.Conclusions:The combination of Huangqi and Danggui can activate immunity to suppress breast cancer and is more effective than the individual drugs alone.

Spatiotemporal transformable nano-assembly for on-demand drug delivery to enhance anti-tumor immunotherapy

Induction of tumor cell senescence has become a promising strategy for anti-tumor immunotherapy,but fibrotic matrix severely blocks senescence inducers penetration and immune cells infiltration.Herein,we designed a cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)triggered structure-transformable nano-assembly(HSD-P@V),which can directionally deliver valsartan(Val,CAFs regulator)and doxorubicin(DOX,senescence inducer)to the specific targets.In detail,DOX is conjugated with hyaluronic acid(HA)via diselenide bonds(Se-Se)to form HSD micelles,while CAFs-sensitive peptide is grafted onto the HSD to form a hydrophilic polymer,which is coated on Val nanocrystals(VNs)surface for improving the stability and achieving responsive release.Once arriving at tumor microenvironment and touching CAFs,HSD-P@V disintegrates into VNs and HSD micelles due to sensitive peptide detachment.VNs can degrade the extracellularmatrix,leading to the enhanced penetration of HSD.HSD targets tumor cells,releases DOX to induce senescence,and recruits effector immune cells.Furthermore,senescent cells are cleared by the recruited immune cells to finish the integrated anti-tumor therapy.In vitro and in vivo results show that the nanoassembly remarkably inhibits tumor growth as well as lungmetastasis,and extends tumorbearing mice survival.This work provides a promising paradigm of programmed delivering multi-site nanomedicine for cancer immunotherapy.

Treatment of primary nasal tuberculosis with anti-tumor necrosis factor immunotherapy:A case report

BACKGROUND Primary nasal tuberculosis(TB)is a rare form of extrapulmonary TB,particularly in patients receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF)immunotherapy.As a result,its diagnosis remains challenging.CASE SUMMARY A 58-year-old male patient presented to the ear,nose,and throat department with right-sided nasal obstruction and bloody discharge for 1 month.He was diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis and received anti-TNF immunotherapy for 3 years prior to presentation.Biopsy findings revealed chronic granulomatous inammation and a few acid-fast bacilli,suggestive of primary nasal TB.He was referred to our TB management department for treatment with oral anti-TB agents.After 9 months,the nasal lesions had disappeared.No recurrence was noted during follow-up.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of primary nasal TB should be considered in patients receiving TNF antagonists who exhibit thickening and crusting of the nasal septum mucosa or inferior turbinate,particularly when pathological findings suggest granulomatous inflammation.

Mechanism of Anti-tumor Effects of Viola Medicinal Materials Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

[Objectives]To explore the relationship between anti-tumor components,targets,and pathways involved in Viola medicinal materials,study its main active components,and evaluate its inhibitory activity.[Methods]Through network pharmacological analysis,molecular docking simulation experiments and in vitro experiments,the main components and corresponding targets of Viola were screened out,and their anti-tumor signaling pathways were confirmed.MTT colorimetric assay was used to investigate the inhibitory effect of different extraction layers of Viola on the growth of tumor cells.[Results]18 anti-tumor active components such as 2α,19α-Dihydroxyursolic acid,Corlumine,Madolin U,Trifolirhizin and etc.,and 52 action targets such as PTGS2,PTGS1,P2RX7,MMP1,and GABRB3,and anti-tumor signaling pathways were confirmed.The results of molecular docking showed that all the selected Viola compounds had good binding activity.The results of MTT colorimetric assay showed that the petroleum ether layer and n-butanol layer had a good inhibitory effect on the growth of tumor cell lines.[Conclusions]Viola medicinal materials have the potential of anti-tumor,triterpenoids and flavonoids may be the main active components,and the petroleum ether layer and n-butanol layer have better inhibitory effect on the growth of tumor cells.

Anti-Tumor and Anti-Diabetic Effects of Sarsasapogenin

In this paper,the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of sarsasapogenin,such as anti-oxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects,are reviewed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent development and clinical application of sarsasapogenin.

Advances in Research of Anti-tumor Effect of Aconiti Radix

In this paper,the anti-tumor effects of Aconiti Radix were reviewed and summarized,and the clinical feasibility of Aconiti Radix as a potential anti-tumor drug was analyzed,in order to provide a useful reference for the future research and development of new anti-cancer drugs of Aconiti Radix.

Screening for Anti-tumor Activity of Fractions from Buddleja officinalis Maxim

[Objectives]The anti-tumor activity of fractions from Buddleja officinalis Maxim.by petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and water solvent was studied.[Methods]The ethanol extract from B.officinalis Maxim.was extracted and then concentrated with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and water,respectively,and the extracts were obtained.The inhibitory effects of the four different fractions on the growth of three tumor cell lines in vitro were detected by CCK-8 method,and the median inhibitory concentration(IC 50 value)was calculated.[Results]The four fractions inhibited the growth of the three tumor cell lines in vitro,among which the n-butanol fraction had the best anti-tumor activity.The IC 50 values of the n-butanol fraction on human gastric cancer(SGC-7901),human breast cancer(MCF-7)and human liver cancer(BEL-7404)cell lines were 0.08,1.58 and 0.12 mg/mL,respectively.[Conclusions]Petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and water fractions from the ethanol extract of B.officinalis Maxim.had certain anti-tumor effects,and the n-butanol fraction had the best anti-tumor activity.

Anti-tumor,Anti-allergy,Anti-angiogenesis and Hepatoprotective Effects of Deoxypodophyllotoxin and Its Molecular Mechanism

Deoxypodophyllotoxin not only has pharmacological effects such as anti-allergy,anti-angiogenesis and liver protection,but also has good anti-tumor activity.It can play an anti-tumor role by inhibiting cell viability,inducing apoptosis,blocking cell cycle and inhibiting cell migration.In this paper,the related research on pharmacological effect and mechanism of deoxypodophyllotoxin is reviewed,to lay a foundation for the follow-up study of deoxypodophyllotoxin and drug development.

Anti-tumor Activity of Isovanillin and Its Molecular Mechanism

Taking isovanillin and the important products synthesized from raw materials of isovanillin as objects,this paper reviews its pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms,including inhibiting tumor angiogenesis,blocking cancer cell self-repair,inducing cancer cell DNA fragmentation,cytotoxicity,inhibiting tumor growth,regulating brain nerves,inhibiting renin and other pharmacological effects,etc.,which provide new ideas for the in-depth research and development of isovanillin.

Research Progress in Anti-tumor Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Its Extracts

Traditional Chinese medicine and its extracts have received widespread attention due to their significant anti-tumor effects and low adverse reactions.Many traditional Chinese medicine and its extracts have been applied in clinical tumor treatment.In this paper,the research progress in anti-tumor effects of plant-based traditional Chinese medicine and its extracts,animal-based traditional Chinese medicine and its extracts,and traditional Chinese medicine compound is reviewed.

Activity Screening Study on the Anti-tumor Effects of Extracts from Mahoniae caulis

[Objectives]To explore the anti-tumor activity of the extracts of petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and aqueous solution from Mahoniae caulis.[Methods]The extracts were extracted with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and aqueous solution respectively,and then concentrated.The inhibitory effects of these extracts on the growth of three tumor cell lines in vitro were detected by CCK-8 method,and the IC 50 value was calculated.[Results]The four extracts inhibited the growth of the three tumor cell lines in vitro,among which the n-butanol extract had the best anti-tumor activity.The IC 50 values of the n-butanol extract on human gastric cancer(SGC-7901),human breast cancer(MCF-7)and human liver cancer(BEL-7404)cell lines were 0.23,0.25 and 0.58 mg/mL,respectively.[Conclusions]The ethanol extract of Mahoniae caulis under petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and aqueous solution had certain anti-tumor effect,and n-butanol extract had the best anti-tumor activity.

Research Progress on Anti-tumor Mechanism of Clearing Heat-Toxin Intervention of Apoptosis-related Proteins

Apoptosis is a spontaneous programmed cell death process,which is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors.Inducing apoptosis of tumor cells has become an important way of anti-tumor therapy.Studies have found that clearing heat-toxin Chinese medicine has a significant effect on inducing apoptosis,which may be the key mechanism of anti-tumor of Chinese medicine.By reviewing the theoretical origin of anti-tumor TCM of clearing heat-toxin Chinese herbs and the pharmacological research progress of intervening apoptosis-related proteins to promote apoptosis of tumor cells,this paper provides a basis for TCM to induce apoptosis of tumor cells to prevent and treat malignant tumors.

Research on Incentive Policies for Chinese Innovative Drug R&D - Taking Innovative Anti-tumor Drugs as an Example

Objective To provide reference for improving Chinese innovative drug research and development incentive policies.Methods Based on investigating the incentive policies for innovative drug research and development in clinical research,evaluation and approval in China,anti-tumor drugs were taken as the research object to discuss relevant policies from the perspective of clinical trials and registration approval based on data statistics and current situation analysis.Results and Conclusion Driven by a series of incentive policies for innovative drug R&D,great achievements have been made on anti-tumor drugs.However,there are problems such as concentration of drug targets,homogenization of clinical trials,and gaps in some drugs with large clinical needs.To improve incentive policies for innovative drug R&D,China should adhere to the orientation of clinical value,focusing on basic research and translational research,improving evaluation and approval capabilities,and establishing a sound ecosystem for innovative drugs.

麦冬抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展

麦冬是我国的传统中药,具有养阴生津、润肺清心的功效。越来越多的研究发现,麦冬除了传统功效外还具有对多种肿瘤的抑制作用。麦冬可通过抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、坏死性凋亡、铁死亡、焦亡、自噬、细胞周期阻滞、抑制肿瘤细胞转移和血管生成以及逆转肿瘤细胞耐药性等多种机制发挥抗肿瘤作用。对近年来麦冬块根提取物及其活性单体的抗肿瘤作用研究进展进行综述,为麦冬抗肿瘤的深入研究和对麦冬的进一步开发利用提供可借鉴的思路和方向。

白细胞介素-38对乳腺癌患者CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞功能的影响

目的探讨白细胞介素-38(IL-38)在乳腺癌患者中的表达及其对CD8^(+)T细胞功能的调控作用。方法纳入2020年7月—2022年9月在新乡医学院第一附属医院就诊的44例乳腺癌患者、25例乳腺良性肿瘤患者和20例对照者。分离所有受试者的血浆和外周血单个核细胞,分离乳腺癌患者肿瘤组织中的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞,纯化CD8^(+)T细胞。应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血浆IL-38蛋白水平,应用实时定量PCR检测组织IL-38 mRNA相对表达量。使用重组人IL-38刺激乳腺癌患者外周血和肿瘤组织分离的CD8^(+)T细胞,建立CD8^(+)T细胞与乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7的共培养系统,通过测定乳酸脱氢酶水平计算靶细胞死亡比例,ELISA法检测培养上清中穿孔素、颗粒酶B、干扰素-γ和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,流式细胞术检测CD8^(+)T细胞的免疫检查点分子表达。结果乳腺癌患者血浆IL-38水平(74.23±19.88 pg/mL)高于乳腺良性肿瘤患者(62.87±16.27 pg/mL,P=0.018)和对照者(61.77±12.75 pg/mL,P=0.013)。乳腺癌患者肿瘤组织中IL-38 mRNA相对表达量显著高于癌旁组织(1.57±0.22 vs.1.00±0.18,P<0.001)。外周血和肿瘤浸润CD8^(+)T细胞诱导靶细胞死亡比例、穿孔素和颗粒酶B分泌在直接接触共培养组中的水平高于间接接触共培养组(P<0.05),但干扰素-γ和TNF-α分泌水平在直接接触共培养组和间接接触共培养组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在直接接触共培养组内,靶细胞死亡比例、穿孔素、颗粒酶B、干扰素-γ、TNF-α在IL-38刺激组中的水平低于无刺激组(P<0.05)。在间接接触共培养组内,靶细胞死亡比例、干扰素-γ、TNF-α在IL-38刺激组中的水平亦低于无刺激组(P<0.05),但穿孔素和颗粒酶B水平在间接接触共培养组内的IL-38刺激组和无刺激组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CD8^(+)T细胞中免疫检查点分子表达水平在无刺激组和IL-38刺激组之间的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者中高表达的IL-38可能参与诱导CD8^(+)T细胞功能衰竭。

纳米金材料在肿瘤诊治领域中的应用研究进展

在肿瘤的预防与控制方面,实施“三早”策略——即早期发现、早期诊断、早期治疗——被认为是实现一级预防效果的最有效途径。尽管如此,当前肿瘤早期诊断的技术和能力仍然遭遇着重大挑战。另一方面,传统的抗肿瘤药物由于其高毒性和缺乏针对特定组织的特异性,导致在实际治疗中的应用受到了显著限制。纳米金材料因其独特的优势而脱颖而出,包括表面易于改性、出色的生物相容性、小尺寸带来的特殊效应、光学性质以及量子效应等,使其在肿瘤细胞的诊断和治疗方面显示出巨大的应用潜力。近年来,纳米金在肿瘤的临床诊断和治疗领域受到了广泛的关注和研究,并已取得了令人鼓舞的进展。该文旨在对纳米金材料在肿瘤诊治领域中的最新研究进展进行全面的综述,以期为肿瘤患者提供更加有效和个性化的诊疗方案,推动其在临床实践中的广泛应用。

细胞焦亡在抗肿瘤纳米递送系统中的研究进展

细胞焦亡是一种由焦孔素家族介导的炎性细胞死亡方式,近年来在肿瘤治疗方面取得了较大的进展。细胞焦亡可以激活机体抗肿瘤免疫应答,而肿瘤免疫治疗是肿瘤治疗的一个新领域,因此调控细胞焦亡对于肿瘤治疗具有巨大潜力。纳米技术具有精准靶向及持续释放的优点,亦是肿瘤精准治疗的核心手段。基于此,该文总结了激活细胞焦亡的药物以及应用纳米技术辅助促进细胞焦亡来参与肿瘤治疗的纳米制剂,并对其在细胞焦亡上作用机制及应用进行综述,以期为基于细胞焦亡的抗肿瘤治疗提供参考。

藤黄属植物笼状呫吨酮类化学成分与抗肿瘤作用研究进展

目的为藤黄属植物中笼状呫吨酮类化合物与抗肿瘤作用的研究提供参考。方法以“藤黄属”“笼状呫吨酮”“化学成分”“抗肿瘤作用”为关键词,采用计算机检索中国知网和PubMed数据库中1995年至2023年的相关文献,总结藤黄属植物中分离出的笼状呫吨酮类化合物的化学成分和抗肿瘤作用。结果笼状呫吨酮类化合物为藤黄属植物的特征性化学成分,取代基主要有异戊烯基、异戊二烯基、羧基、羟甲基、甲氧基、羟基等,具有抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗炎等作用,其中抗肿瘤活性研究最广泛。结论笼状呫吨酮类化合物的合理开发和利用可为天然抗肿瘤化合物的筛选提供参考。

植物多糖的生物学功能及其在水产养殖中的应用

随着我国水产养殖业规模逐渐扩大,水生动物养殖中疾病频发、养殖水体污染等问题日趋严重。抗生素和传统疫苗在水产生物养殖中长期使用引发了水体污染、耐药菌株产生、抗生素残留等问题,制约了水产养殖业的健康发展。植物多糖在替代抗生素方面起到了重要作用。植物多糖存在于植物的叶、花、根、茎及果实中,是通过糖苷键连接各种单糖的高分子聚合物,具有安全、高效、低残留、无耐药性等优点。植物多糖具有多种生物学功能,如调节免疫、抗氧化、降血糖、抗肿瘤、改善肠道健康等,在动物生产中应用可以起到改善机体健康、提高免疫力及抗氧化能力、改善生产性能等作用。因此,文章主要综述了植物多糖的理化性质、生物学功能及其在水产生物养殖中应用的研究进展,为其在水产生物养殖中的进一步推广与应用提供参考。

三结构域TRIM34蛋白的相关功能研究进展

三结构域蛋白(tripartite-motif proteins,TRIM)是由三段结构域组成并以其独特结构命名的基本蛋白,参与调节细胞信号传导、凋亡、免疫应答、炎症和肿瘤调控等多种生理病理过程。目前在人类中已知的TRIM蛋白有80多种,TRIM34蛋白是其蛋白家族的重要成员,既往对于TRIM34蛋白的研究相对局限。最近的研究表明,TRIM34在抗肿瘤治疗、预测肿瘤预后、抗HIV病毒和微生物感染、以及调控免疫应答等过程中发挥了重要作用。本文在简要总结TRIM34蛋白的分子结构和功能结构域特点的基础上,详细介绍了TRIM34蛋白的共性特征,聚焦荟萃了TRIM34蛋白的促进细胞凋亡、阻断炎症肿瘤通路、预测免疫治疗疗效、预防逆转录病毒感染和刺激多核细胞形成等功能,为全面认识该蛋白提供一定的理论参考。