The 8th International Workshop on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens (chaired by Zola H and managed by Swart B) was run over a 4-year period and culminated in a conference in December 2004. Here we review the ac...The 8th International Workshop on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens (chaired by Zola H and managed by Swart B) was run over a 4-year period and culminated in a conference in December 2004. Here we review the achieve- ments of the HLDA Workshops and provide links to information on CD molecules and antibodies against them, including the 93 new CDs assigned in the 8th Workshop. We consider what remains to be achieved (including an estimate of the number of leucocyte surface molecules still to be discovered), and how the field can best move forward.展开更多
Background The mechanism of chronic immune activation and impairment of HIV-specific immune responses during chronic infection is not fully understood. However, it is known that high immune activation leads to more ra...Background The mechanism of chronic immune activation and impairment of HIV-specific immune responses during chronic infection is not fully understood. However, it is known that high immune activation leads to more rapid progression to AIDS. We hypothesize that CD4^＋ T cell-mediated viral antigen presentation contributes to this pathologic immune activation in HIV-infected individuals. Methods HIV-specific T cells, responding to noninfectious HIV-1 virions as antigen, were measured by flow cytometric assays. These experimental conditions reflect the in vivo condition where noninfectious HIV-1 represents more than 99% of the antigens. Results CD4^＋ T cells purified from HIV-infected individuals were capable of cross presenting exogenous noninfectious HIV-1 virions to HIV-1-specific CD8^＋ T cells. Cross presentation required the entry of HIV-1 to CD4^＋ T cells and antigen translocation from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex. Blocking CD4^＋ mediated activation of HIV-specific CD8^＋ T cells and redirecting the viral antigens to antigen presenting cells improved HIV-specific T cell responses. Contusions One possible cause of chronic immune activation and impairment of HIV-1 specific T cell responses is represented by HIV-1 harboring CD4^＋ T cells cross presenting HIV-1 antigen to activate CD8^＋ T cells. This new mechanism provides the first evidence that cross presentation of noninfectious HIV-1 virions play a role in the immunopathogenesis of HIV-1 infection.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to compare the efficacy of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells(CAR-T cells)versus chemotherapy plus donor lymphocyte infusion(chemo-DLI)for treating relapsed CD 19-positive B-cell ac...Objective:This study aimed to compare the efficacy of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells(CAR-T cells)versus chemotherapy plus donor lymphocyte infusion(chemo-DLI)for treating relapsed CD 19-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL)after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT).Methods:Clinical data of 43 patients with B-ALL who relapsed after allo-HSCT were retrospectively analyzed.Twenty-two patients were treated with CAR-T cells(CAR-T group),and 21 with chemotherapy plus DLI(chemo-DLI group).The complete remission(CR)and minimal residual disease(MRD)-negative CR rates,leukemia-free survival(LFS)rate,overall survival(OS)rate,and incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD),cytokine release syndrome(CRS)and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome(ICANS)were compared between the two groups.Results:The CR and MRD-negative CR rates in the CAR-T group(77.3%and 61.5%)were significantly higher than those in the chemo-DLI group(38.1%and 23.8%)(P=0.008 and P=0.003).The 1-and 2-year LFS rates in the CAR-T group were superior to those in the chemo-DLI group:54.5%and 50.0%vs.9.5%and 4.8%(P=0.0001 and P=0.00004).The 1-and 2-year OS rates in the CAR-T versus chemo-DLI group were 59.1%and 54.5%vs.19%and 9.5%(P=0.011 and P=0.003).Six patients(28.6%)with grade 2-4 aGVHD were identified in the chemo-DLI group.Two patients(9.1%)in the CAR-T group developed grade 1-2 aGVHD.Nineteen patients(86.4%)developed CRS in the CAR-T group,comprising grade 1-2 CRS in 13 patients(59.1%)and grade 3 CRS in 6 patients(27.3%).Two patients(9.1%)developed grade 1-2 ICANS.Conclusion:Donor-derived anti-CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy may be better,safer,and more effective than chemo-DLI for B-ALL patients who relapse after allo-HSCT.展开更多
目的探讨低功率极高频电磁波(extremely high frequency wave,EHFW)辐照对肿瘤化放疗患者免疫细胞表达的影响。方法62例恶性肿瘤化放疗患者按自愿和随机原则分为化放疗后极高频电磁复合波幅照组(联合治疗组)及单纯化放疗后观察组(单纯...目的探讨低功率极高频电磁波(extremely high frequency wave,EHFW)辐照对肿瘤化放疗患者免疫细胞表达的影响。方法62例恶性肿瘤化放疗患者按自愿和随机原则分为化放疗后极高频电磁复合波幅照组(联合治疗组)及单纯化放疗后观察组(单纯化放疗组)。联合治疗组患者于化放疗后配合以功率密度为10 mW/cm2的EHF波辐照。采用流式细胞术配比性(Matched-pair)检测患者EHF波辐照治疗前-后外周血免疫学指标。结果单纯化放疗组患者在化放疗后第8天,除CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T细胞表达率和CD4+/CD8+比值与化放疗后第3天水平相当外,其NK细胞、NKT细胞、B细胞表达率均明显低于化放疗后第3天水平(P<0.01);而EHF波辐照治疗5 d后,NK细胞表达水平显著高于化放疗后第3天(P<0.05);NKT细胞、B细胞、CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T细胞表达率和CD4+/CD8+比值均略高于化放疗后第3天水平,其前-后变化水平均未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论低功率EHF波配合化放疗治疗恶性肿瘤,可稳定和提高免疫细胞表达水平,对患者细胞免疫机能具有保护作用。展开更多
文摘The 8th International Workshop on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens (chaired by Zola H and managed by Swart B) was run over a 4-year period and culminated in a conference in December 2004. Here we review the achieve- ments of the HLDA Workshops and provide links to information on CD molecules and antibodies against them, including the 93 new CDs assigned in the 8th Workshop. We consider what remains to be achieved (including an estimate of the number of leucocyte surface molecules still to be discovered), and how the field can best move forward.
基金This study was supported by a grant from the Major Basic Project of China (973) (No. 2005CB522903).
文摘Background The mechanism of chronic immune activation and impairment of HIV-specific immune responses during chronic infection is not fully understood. However, it is known that high immune activation leads to more rapid progression to AIDS. We hypothesize that CD4^＋ T cell-mediated viral antigen presentation contributes to this pathologic immune activation in HIV-infected individuals. Methods HIV-specific T cells, responding to noninfectious HIV-1 virions as antigen, were measured by flow cytometric assays. These experimental conditions reflect the in vivo condition where noninfectious HIV-1 represents more than 99% of the antigens. Results CD4^＋ T cells purified from HIV-infected individuals were capable of cross presenting exogenous noninfectious HIV-1 virions to HIV-1-specific CD8^＋ T cells. Cross presentation required the entry of HIV-1 to CD4^＋ T cells and antigen translocation from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex. Blocking CD4^＋ mediated activation of HIV-specific CD8^＋ T cells and redirecting the viral antigens to antigen presenting cells improved HIV-specific T cell responses. Contusions One possible cause of chronic immune activation and impairment of HIV-1 specific T cell responses is represented by HIV-1 harboring CD4^＋ T cells cross presenting HIV-1 antigen to activate CD8^＋ T cells. This new mechanism provides the first evidence that cross presentation of noninfectious HIV-1 virions play a role in the immunopathogenesis of HIV-1 infection.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82020108004)the Hospital-level Clinical Innovation Military-Civilian Special Project of Army Medical University(No.2018JSLC0020)+1 种基金Chongqing Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent(No.CSTCCXLJRC201718)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Innovation Group Science Program(No.cstc2021jcyj-cxttX0001).
文摘Objective:This study aimed to compare the efficacy of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells(CAR-T cells)versus chemotherapy plus donor lymphocyte infusion(chemo-DLI)for treating relapsed CD 19-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL)after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT).Methods:Clinical data of 43 patients with B-ALL who relapsed after allo-HSCT were retrospectively analyzed.Twenty-two patients were treated with CAR-T cells(CAR-T group),and 21 with chemotherapy plus DLI(chemo-DLI group).The complete remission(CR)and minimal residual disease(MRD)-negative CR rates,leukemia-free survival(LFS)rate,overall survival(OS)rate,and incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD),cytokine release syndrome(CRS)and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome(ICANS)were compared between the two groups.Results:The CR and MRD-negative CR rates in the CAR-T group(77.3%and 61.5%)were significantly higher than those in the chemo-DLI group(38.1%and 23.8%)(P=0.008 and P=0.003).The 1-and 2-year LFS rates in the CAR-T group were superior to those in the chemo-DLI group:54.5%and 50.0%vs.9.5%and 4.8%(P=0.0001 and P=0.00004).The 1-and 2-year OS rates in the CAR-T versus chemo-DLI group were 59.1%and 54.5%vs.19%and 9.5%(P=0.011 and P=0.003).Six patients(28.6%)with grade 2-4 aGVHD were identified in the chemo-DLI group.Two patients(9.1%)in the CAR-T group developed grade 1-2 aGVHD.Nineteen patients(86.4%)developed CRS in the CAR-T group,comprising grade 1-2 CRS in 13 patients(59.1%)and grade 3 CRS in 6 patients(27.3%).Two patients(9.1%)developed grade 1-2 ICANS.Conclusion:Donor-derived anti-CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy may be better,safer,and more effective than chemo-DLI for B-ALL patients who relapse after allo-HSCT.
文摘目的探讨低功率极高频电磁波(extremely high frequency wave,EHFW)辐照对肿瘤化放疗患者免疫细胞表达的影响。方法62例恶性肿瘤化放疗患者按自愿和随机原则分为化放疗后极高频电磁复合波幅照组(联合治疗组)及单纯化放疗后观察组(单纯化放疗组)。联合治疗组患者于化放疗后配合以功率密度为10 mW/cm2的EHF波辐照。采用流式细胞术配比性(Matched-pair)检测患者EHF波辐照治疗前-后外周血免疫学指标。结果单纯化放疗组患者在化放疗后第8天,除CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T细胞表达率和CD4+/CD8+比值与化放疗后第3天水平相当外,其NK细胞、NKT细胞、B细胞表达率均明显低于化放疗后第3天水平(P<0.01);而EHF波辐照治疗5 d后,NK细胞表达水平显著高于化放疗后第3天(P<0.05);NKT细胞、B细胞、CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T细胞表达率和CD4+/CD8+比值均略高于化放疗后第3天水平,其前-后变化水平均未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论低功率EHF波配合化放疗治疗恶性肿瘤,可稳定和提高免疫细胞表达水平,对患者细胞免疫机能具有保护作用。
