Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and stroke among individuals with diabetes

BACKGROUND Recent research has underscored the potentially protective role of dietary antioxidants against chronic conditions,such as cardiovascular diseases and stroke.The composite dietary antioxidant index(CDAI),which reflects the overall intake of key dietary antioxidants,has been identified as a crucial metric for exploring this relationship.Although previous research has shown a negative correlation between CDAI levels and stroke risk in prediabetic individuals,there remains a substantial gap in understanding this association among individuals with diabetes,who are at an inherently greater risk for cerebrovascular events.AIM To investigate the association between CDAI and stroke risk in individuals with diabetes.METHODS Using a cross-sectional study design,this investigation analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning from 2003 to 2018 that included 6735 participants aged over 20 years with diabetes.The CDAI was calculated from 24-h dietary recalls to assess intake of key antioxidants:Vitamins A,C,and E;carotenoids;selenium;and zinc.Multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to rigorously examine the relationship between CDAI and stroke risk.RESULTS The participant cohort,with an average age of 59.5 years and a slight male majority,reflected the broader demographic characteristics of individuals with diabetes.The analysis revealed a strong inverse relationship between CDAI levels and stroke risk.Remarkably,those in the highest quintile of CDAI demonstrated a 43%lower prevalence of stroke compared to those in the lowest quintile,even after adjustments for various confounders.This finding not only highlights the negative association between CDAI and stroke risk but also underscores the significant potential of antioxidant-rich diets in reducing stroke prevalence among patients with diabetes.CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that CDAI was inversely associated with stroke prevalence among patients with diabetes.These results suggest incorporating antioxidant-rich foods into dietary regimens as a potential strategy for stroke prevention.

Effects of dietary supplementation of Artemisia argyi aqueous extract on antioxidant indexes of small intestine in broilers

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Artemisia argyi aqueous extract(AAE) on antioxidant indexes in the small intestine. A total of 192 Arbor Acre broiler chickens(one-day-old) were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 6 replicates of 8 chickens. These 4 diets were formulated by adding 0, 500,1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg AAE to the basal diet. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control, the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) in ileum for the 2,000 mg/kg treatment group was significantly increased at 21 days of age(P < 0.05); the T-AOC levels in jejunum and ileum were significantly increased in broilers supplemented with 500 mg/kg AAE at 42 days of age(P < 0.05), and the T-AOC levels in jejunum and ileum were significantly improved in 1,000 mg/kg treatment group(P < 0.01), 2) At 21 days of age, supplementation of 500 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the catalase(CAT) activity of small intestine, and the glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity of jejunum was improved(P < 0.01), meanwhile, the GSH-Px activity of duodenum and the total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) activity of duodenum and jejunum were significantly higher than those of the control group(P < 0.05); supplementation of 1,000 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the CAT activity of duodenum and ileum and the GSH-Px activity of duodenum and jejunum(P < 0.05), and the ileum GSH-Px activity was significantly increased(P < 0.01); supplementation of 2,000 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the CAT activity of duodenum and ileum(P < 0.05). At 42 days of age, supplementation of 500 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the GSH-Px activity of ileum and the T-SOD activity of duodenum(P < 0.05),meanwhile, the T-SOD activity of jejunum was significantly increased(P < 0.01); supplementation of1,000 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the CAT activity of jejunum and the T-SOD activity of ileum(P < 0.01), and the GSH-Px activity of jejunum was significantly increased(P < 0.05); supplementation of2,000 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the T-SOD activity of ileum(P < 0.05), but significantly decreased the CAT activity of ileum and the GSH-Px activity of jejunum(P < 0.05). 3) The malondialdehyde(MDA) levels of 3 AAE supplementation groups were significantly decreased at 21 and 42 days of age(P < 0.05). The results suggested that dietary supplementation with AAE could improve the antioxidative capacity of small intestine in broilers.

Effects of a two-meal daily feeding pattern with varied crude protein levels on growth performance and antioxidant indexes in pigs

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of daily feeding pattern on growth performance, blood biochemistry, and antioxidant indexes in pigs. One hundred and eighty female Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire(DLY) pigs with similar body weight(11.00 ± 0.12 kg) were randomly assigned to 3 groups: the control group(fed 17.01% CP diet, twice daily); high-low group(H-L group, fed18.33% CP diet in the morning, followed by 15.70% CP diet in the afternoon); and low-high group(L-H group, fed 15.70% CP diet in the morning, followed by 18.33% CP diet in the afternoon)(n = 6). Comparable amounts of their respective diets were given at 05:30 and 15:00 throughout the experimental periods to make all the treatments consumed the same type of food and the same amount of calories on a daily basis. On day 30, one pig was randomly selected per litter for blood samples. Compared with the control group, ADG in the H-L and L-H groups increased by 8.11% and 16.23%, but not significant(P > 0.05); and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) in the H-L and L-H groups decreased by 26.76% and 41.04%(P < 0.05), respectively. The H-L group feeding pattern could significantly improve levels of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD), when compared with the control group. These findings suggest that the twomeal daily feeding pattern with varied levels of CP affects serum levels of BUN and SOD. These changes could effectively silightly improve growth performance and antioxidant capacity in pigs without incurring increased feeding costs.

Effect of Tea Polyphenols and Vitamin E on Antioxidant Performance in Broilers

[ Objedlve] To investigate the effects of tea polyphenols （TP） and vitamin E （VE ） on growth performance and antioxidant performance of broilers in the routine breeding conditions. [ Method] A total of 270 broilers at 1 day old were fed on the basic diets supplemented with TP and VE at different proportions. The malondialdehyde （MDA） content, total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） as well as activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） were measured. The whole weight gain and feed conversion rate were also determined. [ Result] The broilers fed on TP and VE had remarkably higher serum activities of SOD and GSH-Px, stronger T-AOC and lower MDA content than the control ones. The best effects were achieved when the supplementary dosage of -rP and VE was respectively 60 and 80 mg/kg · Diet, because the experi- mental broilers had significantly higher antioxidant indices than the control ones （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Additionally, the boilers at the age of 21 or 42 days old had significantly higher body weight and lower feed conversion rate than the control ones （ P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusion] The study provides a theoreti- cal basis for the applications of TP and VE in animal production.

Effects of Dietary Picria felterrae Lour Extracts on Serum Biochemical Indexes and Immune Function of Guangxi Partridge Chickens

[Objective] This trial was to investigate the effect of dietary Picria felterrae Lour extracts on serum biochemical indexes and immune function of Guangxi Partridge chickens. [Method] Totally 500 individuals of 1-day-old Guangxi Partridge chickens were randomly divided into five groups, five replicates each group and 20 chicks each replicate. Groups A, B and C were treatment groups supplemented with 0.70%, 0.35% and0.175% P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet, respectively; group D was a medical control group supplemented with 0.01% colistin sulfate premix in the basal diet; and group E was a control group with basal diet. Serum samples were collected from 10 chickens in each group at 21, 35 and 49 days of age, to analyze the biochemical and immune indexes. [Result] It had no significant impact on serum TP and GLU contents of chickens by adding different levels of P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet（P 〉0.05）. However, at 21 and 35 days of age, the TBILI content of chickens in groups A, B and C were extremely lower or significantly lower than that in group E（ P〈0.01; P〈0.05）. At 35 days of age, the serum AKP activities in groups A, B and C were extremely higher than that in group E（P〈0.01）, and the serum GOT activities at 21 and 35 days of age in group C were significantly higher than that in group E（P〈0.05）. At 49 days of age, the serum Ig G content in groups A, B and C and the IL-2 content in group B and group C were significantly lower or extremely lower than that in group E（ P〈0.05; P〈0.01）; the T-AOC content in group B was significantly higher than that in group E（P〈0.05）; the GSH content in groups A, B and C were significantly higher than that in group E（ P〈0.05）. Adding different levels of P. felterrae extracts in the diet significantly decreased the TBILI content, reduced the Ig G, IL-2 and IL-6 contents, and improved the AKP and GOT activities and the T-AOC and GSH contents of Guangxi Partridge chicken. [Conclusion] Adding 0.35% P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet received the best effort.

高铜日粮对肉鸡肝脏抗氧化功能的影响

选用1日龄健康商品代AA肉鸡200只随机分成4组,使用硫酸铜作为铜源,饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,对照组饲料铜含量为11mg/kg,3个试验高铜组饲料铜含量分别为110、330和550mg/kg,试验至50日龄结束,探讨高铜日粮对肉鸡肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。结果显示:110、330和550mg/kg组T-AOC、SOD和GSH-Px活性先呈代偿性升高,后表现降低,而CAT和MDA分别表现为代偿性下降和升高。表明日粮铜含量为330mg/kg及其以上可引起肝脏抗氧化功能受损,最终导致肝脏功能紊乱。

高铜对肉鸡肾脏线粒体抗氧化功能的影响

本文旨在了解高铜对肉鸡肾脏线粒体抗氧化功能的影响。选用1日龄科宝肉仔鸡120只,随机分成4组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu 11 mg/kg,对照组)和高铜日粮(Cu 110 mg/kg,高铜Ⅰ组;Cu 220 mg/kg,高铜Ⅱ组;Cu 330 mg/kg,高铜Ⅲ组),检测梯度剂量硫酸铜在不同的饲喂时间(12日龄、24日龄、36日龄、48日龄、60日龄)肉鸡肾脏线粒体超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、丙二醛(MDA)的指标。结果显示:高铜Ⅱ组与高铜Ⅲ组SOD、GSH-PX、MDA都呈现代偿性升高,然后有降低的趋势。提示日粮中铜浓度达到220 mg/kg时,肾脏线粒体功能紊乱。

葡萄糖氧化酶制剂对小鼠血清指标和肝脏抗氧化能力及组织结构的影响

75只18~22 g的KM小鼠随机分为5组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,其余4组在基础日粮中添加30%霉变玉米面和不同浓度（0%、0.1%、0.3%、0.5%）的葡萄糖氧化酶（GOD）,饲养期为60 d。结果表明：添加30%霉变玉米面,肝脏中GSH-Px、T-SOD和CAT活性显著（P〈0.05）或极显著降低（P〈0.01）,MDA含量升高（P〈0.01）。与对照组比较,添加0.3%和0.5%的GOD,肝脏中GSH-Px、T-SOD和CAT活性显著（P〈0.05）或极显著升高（P〈0.01）,MDA含量显著下降（P〈0.05）。对血清中CHO、TG、GPT和GOT没有显著影响,TP和ALB含量升高,且差异显著（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;添加0.3%GOD组与对照组比较,AST含量极显著降低（P〈0.01）。研究提示,含有30%霉变玉米面的饲料中添加0.3%~0.5%的GOD可以增强肝脏的抗氧化能力和蛋白质代谢功能,缓解对动物肝脏造成的慢性毒性作用。

Evaluation on the fresh eating quality of tree peony flowers

Tree peony(Paeonia suffruticosa)is an ornamental and medicinal plant in China.The fresh eating of flower petals has gradually become a new idea for further development.This study analyzed the sensory indexes,nutritional indexes and antioxidant indexes of fresh flowers of five cultivars,namely,‘Fengdan’(P.ostia‘Fengdan’),‘Xiangyu’(P.suffruticosa‘Xiangyu’),‘Zhaofen’(P.suffruticosa‘Zhanfen’),‘Luoyanghong’(P.suffruticosa‘Luoyanghong’)and‘High Noon’(P.‘High Noon’),to provide a theoretical basis for eating fresh tree peony flowers.The aroma volatiles of petals mainly comprised terpenes,alcohols and alkanes.‘Luoyanghong’and‘High Noon’have brighter colors.The taste test showed that‘Luoyanghong’,‘High Noon’and‘Xiangyu’were the most palatable.‘High Noon’contained the highest soluble sugar content,‘Luoyanghong’contained the highest starch and vitamin C(VC)levels,and‘Zhaofen’contained the highest soluble protein content.The contents of bioactive compounds were the highest in‘Luoyanghong’,and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity was the highest in‘Xiangyu’.The petals were rich in essential amino acids,with the highest amount in‘Xiangyu’.‘Luoyanghong’and‘High Noon’showed strong antioxidant capacity.Therefore,tree peony flowers have excellent sensory qualities,abundant nutrients and strong antioxidant activity and could be further developed as a food to be eaten fresh.The results showed that tree peony flowers had great edible potential.Flowers of red and yellow cultivars can be considered for fresh eating on the basis of the traditional consumption of white and pink tree peony flowers.