[Objective] The aim was to improve the adhesive bonding property of wheat straw surface to prepare wheat straw particleboard of soy protein isolate （SPI） adhesive through chemical and enzyme treatments. [Method] Eva...[Objective] The aim was to improve the adhesive bonding property of wheat straw surface to prepare wheat straw particleboard of soy protein isolate （SPI） adhesive through chemical and enzyme treatments. [Method] Evaluation and analysis were made on wettability of wheat straws in the control group and treated groups （chemical and enzyme treatments） by means of measurement of contact angle and calculation of spreading-penetration parameters （K）. In addition, we made analysis on surface elements through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. [Result] The re- sults showed that K value of straw treated with sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide and lipase increased by 58.0%, 48.7% and 83.2% compared to that of control group, respectively. The XPS analysis indicated that rapid decrease of silicon content and destruction of wax layer greatly contributed to wettability improvement of wheat straw surface. [Conclusion] The chemical and lipase treatments of wheat straw provided technical support for manufacture of wheat straw particle boand.展开更多
本文介绍以 TRON 规范为基础的32位通用微处理器的芯片结构。文章对二种类型的结构的指令方式,高级指令,寻址方式,存贮器管理和 EIT(异常,中断和陷阱)处理以及它们的基本设计思想作了简要的论述。文章讨论了以不同的TRON 子方案设计的...本文介绍以 TRON 规范为基础的32位通用微处理器的芯片结构。文章对二种类型的结构的指令方式,高级指令,寻址方式,存贮器管理和 EIT(异常,中断和陷阱)处理以及它们的基本设计思想作了简要的论述。文章讨论了以不同的TRON 子方案设计的操作系统,还讨论了实现以 TRON 规范为基础的32位微处理器所涉及的一些技术问题。展开更多
The effect of the frequency and power of the bias applied to the substrate on plasma properties in 60 MHz（VHF） magnetron sputtering was investigated.The plasma properties include the ion velocity distribution funct...The effect of the frequency and power of the bias applied to the substrate on plasma properties in 60 MHz（VHF） magnetron sputtering was investigated.The plasma properties include the ion velocity distribution function（IVDF）,electron energy probability function（EEPF）,electron density ne,ion flux Γi,and effective electron temperature Teff.These parameters were measured by a retarding field energy analyzer and a Langmuir probe in the 60 MHz magnetron sputtering,assisted with 13.56 MHz or 27.12 MHz substrate bias.The 13.56 MHz substrate bias led to broadening and multi-peaks IVDFs,Maxwellian EEPFs,as well as high electron density,ion flux,and low electron temperature.The 27.12 MHz substrate bias led to a further increase of electron density and ion flux,but made the IVDFs narrow.Therefore,the frequency of the substrate bias was a possible way to control the plasma properties in VHF magnetron sputtering.展开更多
AIM: To explore the potential of contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT) using Exi Tron nano6000 for assessment of liver lesions in mouse models.METHODS: Three mouse models of liver lesions were used: bile duct li...AIM: To explore the potential of contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT) using Exi Tron nano6000 for assessment of liver lesions in mouse models.METHODS: Three mouse models of liver lesions were used: bile duct ligation(BDL),lipopolysaccharide(LPS)/D-galactosamine(D-Gal N),and alcohol.After injection with the contrast agent Exi Tron nano6000,the mice were scanned with micro-CT.Liver lesions were evaluated using CECT images,hematoxylin and eosin staining,and serum aminotransferase levels.Macrophage distribution in the injury models was shown by immunohistochemical staining of CD68.The in vitro studies measured the densities of RAW264.7 under different conditions by CECT.RESULTS: In the in vitro studies,CECT provided specific and strong contrast enhancement of liver in mice.CECT could present heterogeneous images anddensities of injured livers induced by BDL,LPS/D-Gal N,and alcohol.The liver histology and immunochemistry of CD68 demonstrated that both dilated biliary tracts and necrosis in the injured livers could lead to the heterogeneous distribution of macrophages.The in vitro study showed that the RAW264.7 cell masses had higher densities after LPS activation.CONCLUSION: Micro-CT with the contrast agent Exi Tron nano6000 is feasible for detecting various liver lesions by emphasizing the heterogeneous textures and densities of CECT images.展开更多
The paper presents an extension multi-laye r p erceptron model that is capable of representing and reasoning propositional know ledge base. An extended version of propositional calculus is developed, and its some prop...The paper presents an extension multi-laye r p erceptron model that is capable of representing and reasoning propositional know ledge base. An extended version of propositional calculus is developed, and its some properties is discussed. Formulas of the extended calculus can be expressed in the extension multi-layer perceptron. Naturally, semantic deduction of prop ositional knowledge base can be implement by the extension multi-layer perceptr on, and by learning, an unknown formula set can be found.展开更多
The integrated gradient of a quadrupole will be deviated by a close neighboring sextupole, and this is called the effect of fringe field interference. Using the Lie algebra techniques, an analytical expression for the...The integrated gradient of a quadrupole will be deviated by a close neighboring sextupole, and this is called the effect of fringe field interference. Using the Lie algebra techniques, an analytical expression for the betatron tune shift due to this effect has been derived. The process does not depend on the supposition of the thin-lens quadrupoles. It can be used to estimate the tune shift differences between the designed lattice and the one including the fringe field interference. More generally, the method can be applied to other kinds of fringe field interference.展开更多
Micrcostructures of bulk and thin film YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) superconductors were studied by using scanning elec-tron microscopy (SEM). It was confirmed that viscous technique processed bulk YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) has a homoge...Micrcostructures of bulk and thin film YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) superconductors were studied by using scanning elec-tron microscopy (SEM). It was confirmed that viscous technique processed bulk YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) has a homoge-neous microstructure across the pellet diameter. Concerning the thin film, it was found that 2 ￣H￣+ ion implanta-tion with a dose of 1× 10￣(12)cm￣(-2) at 50 keV does not cause microstructural change of the film at a micrometrelevel. Combined with previous studies by using high resolution transmission electron microscopy, it appearsthat the structural modification is at an atomic scale.展开更多
This study shows that the photoelectron energy spectrum generated by an intense laser pulse in the presence of a continuous X-ray has interesting and useful statistical properties. The total photoionization production...This study shows that the photoelectron energy spectrum generated by an intense laser pulse in the presence of a continuous X-ray has interesting and useful statistical properties. The total photoionization production is linearly propor- tional to the time duration of the laser pulse and the square of the beam size. The spectral double energy-integration is an intrinsic value of the laser-assisted X-ray photoionization, which linearly depends on the laser intensity and which quantita- tively reflects the strengths of the laser-field modulation and the quantum interference between photoelectrons. The spectral energy width also linearly depends on the laser intensity. These linear relationships suggest new methods for the in-situ measurement of laser intensity and pulse duration with high precision.展开更多
基金Supported by the Project of Returned Overseas of Harbin Science and Technology Bureau(RC2010LX002005)the Project of Science and Technology Department of Heilongjiang Province(LC07C27)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to improve the adhesive bonding property of wheat straw surface to prepare wheat straw particleboard of soy protein isolate （SPI） adhesive through chemical and enzyme treatments. [Method] Evaluation and analysis were made on wettability of wheat straws in the control group and treated groups （chemical and enzyme treatments） by means of measurement of contact angle and calculation of spreading-penetration parameters （K）. In addition, we made analysis on surface elements through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. [Result] The re- sults showed that K value of straw treated with sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide and lipase increased by 58.0%, 48.7% and 83.2% compared to that of control group, respectively. The XPS analysis indicated that rapid decrease of silicon content and destruction of wax layer greatly contributed to wettability improvement of wheat straw surface. [Conclusion] The chemical and lipase treatments of wheat straw provided technical support for manufacture of wheat straw particle boand.
文摘本文介绍以 TRON 规范为基础的32位通用微处理器的芯片结构。文章对二种类型的结构的指令方式,高级指令,寻址方式,存贮器管理和 EIT(异常,中断和陷阱)处理以及它们的基本设计思想作了简要的论述。文章讨论了以不同的TRON 子方案设计的操作系统,还讨论了实现以 TRON 规范为基础的32位微处理器所涉及的一些技术问题。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11275136,10975105)
文摘The effect of the frequency and power of the bias applied to the substrate on plasma properties in 60 MHz（VHF） magnetron sputtering was investigated.The plasma properties include the ion velocity distribution function（IVDF）,electron energy probability function（EEPF）,electron density ne,ion flux Γi,and effective electron temperature Teff.These parameters were measured by a retarding field energy analyzer and a Langmuir probe in the 60 MHz magnetron sputtering,assisted with 13.56 MHz or 27.12 MHz substrate bias.The 13.56 MHz substrate bias led to broadening and multi-peaks IVDFs,Maxwellian EEPFs,as well as high electron density,ion flux,and low electron temperature.The 27.12 MHz substrate bias led to a further increase of electron density and ion flux,but made the IVDFs narrow.Therefore,the frequency of the substrate bias was a possible way to control the plasma properties in VHF magnetron sputtering.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Fund,No.81270558
文摘AIM: To explore the potential of contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT) using Exi Tron nano6000 for assessment of liver lesions in mouse models.METHODS: Three mouse models of liver lesions were used: bile duct ligation(BDL),lipopolysaccharide(LPS)/D-galactosamine(D-Gal N),and alcohol.After injection with the contrast agent Exi Tron nano6000,the mice were scanned with micro-CT.Liver lesions were evaluated using CECT images,hematoxylin and eosin staining,and serum aminotransferase levels.Macrophage distribution in the injury models was shown by immunohistochemical staining of CD68.The in vitro studies measured the densities of RAW264.7 under different conditions by CECT.RESULTS: In the in vitro studies,CECT provided specific and strong contrast enhancement of liver in mice.CECT could present heterogeneous images anddensities of injured livers induced by BDL,LPS/D-Gal N,and alcohol.The liver histology and immunochemistry of CD68 demonstrated that both dilated biliary tracts and necrosis in the injured livers could lead to the heterogeneous distribution of macrophages.The in vitro study showed that the RAW264.7 cell masses had higher densities after LPS activation.CONCLUSION: Micro-CT with the contrast agent Exi Tron nano6000 is feasible for detecting various liver lesions by emphasizing the heterogeneous textures and densities of CECT images.
文摘The paper presents an extension multi-laye r p erceptron model that is capable of representing and reasoning propositional know ledge base. An extended version of propositional calculus is developed, and its some properties is discussed. Formulas of the extended calculus can be expressed in the extension multi-layer perceptron. Naturally, semantic deduction of prop ositional knowledge base can be implement by the extension multi-layer perceptr on, and by learning, an unknown formula set can be found.
基金support and assistance. This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11105165)
文摘The integrated gradient of a quadrupole will be deviated by a close neighboring sextupole, and this is called the effect of fringe field interference. Using the Lie algebra techniques, an analytical expression for the betatron tune shift due to this effect has been derived. The process does not depend on the supposition of the thin-lens quadrupoles. It can be used to estimate the tune shift differences between the designed lattice and the one including the fringe field interference. More generally, the method can be applied to other kinds of fringe field interference.
文摘Micrcostructures of bulk and thin film YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) superconductors were studied by using scanning elec-tron microscopy (SEM). It was confirmed that viscous technique processed bulk YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) has a homoge-neous microstructure across the pellet diameter. Concerning the thin film, it was found that 2 ￣H￣+ ion implanta-tion with a dose of 1× 10￣(12)cm￣(-2) at 50 keV does not cause microstructural change of the film at a micrometrelevel. Combined with previous studies by using high resolution transmission electron microscopy, it appearsthat the structural modification is at an atomic scale.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11175010)
文摘This study shows that the photoelectron energy spectrum generated by an intense laser pulse in the presence of a continuous X-ray has interesting and useful statistical properties. The total photoionization production is linearly propor- tional to the time duration of the laser pulse and the square of the beam size. The spectral double energy-integration is an intrinsic value of the laser-assisted X-ray photoionization, which linearly depends on the laser intensity and which quantita- tively reflects the strengths of the laser-field modulation and the quantum interference between photoelectrons. The spectral energy width also linearly depends on the laser intensity. These linear relationships suggest new methods for the in-situ measurement of laser intensity and pulse duration with high precision.
