Drilling-based measuring method for the c-φ parameter of rock and its field application

The technology of drilling tests makes it possible to obtain the strength parameter of rock accurately in situ. In this paper, a new rock cutting analysis model that considers the influence of the rock crushing zone(RCZ) is built. The formula for an ultimate cutting force is established based on the limit equilibrium principle. The relationship between digital drilling parameters(DDP) and the c-φ parameter(DDP-cφ formula, where c refers to the cohesion and φ refers to the internal friction angle) is derived, and the response of drilling parameters and cutting ratio to the strength parameters is analyzed. The drillingbased measuring method for the c-φ parameter of rock is constructed. The laboratory verification test is then completed, and the difference in results between the drilling test and the compression test is less than 6%. On this basis, in-situ rock drilling tests in a traffic tunnel and a coal mine roadway are carried out, and the strength parameters of the surrounding rock are effectively tested. The average difference ratio of the results is less than 11%, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method for obtaining the strength parameters based on digital drilling. This study provides methodological support for field testing of rock strength parameters.

MXene-based fibers:Preparation,applications,and prospects

With the vigorous development and huge demand for portable wearable devices,wearable electronics based on functional fibers continue to emerge in a wide range of energy storage,motion monitoring,disease prevention,electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding,etc.MXene,as an emerging twodimensional inorganic compound,has shown great potential in functional fiber manufacturing and has attracted much research attention due to its own good mechanical properties,high electrical conductivity,excellent electrochemical properties and favorable processability.Herein,this paper reviews recent advances of MXene-based fibers.Speaking to MXene dispersions,the properties of MXene dispersions including dispersion stability,rheological properties and liquid crystalline properties are highlighted.The preparation techniques used to produce MXene-based fibers and application progress regarding MXene-based fibers into supercapacitors,sensors,EMI shielding and Joule heaters are summarized.Challenges and prospects surrounding the development of MXene-based fibers are proposed in future.This review aims to provide processing guidelines for MXene-based fiber manufacturing,thereby achieving more possibilities of MXene-based fibers in advanced applications with a view to injecting more vitality into the field of smart wearables.

Discussion on the application prospect of the transient electromagnetic method based on the dual launcher and mine advanced detection

The dual transmitter implements the equivalent anti-magnetic flux transient electromagnetic method, which can effectively reduce the scope of the transient electromagnetic detection blind area. However, this method is rarely reported in the detection of pipelines in urban geophysical exploration and the application of coal mines. Based on this, this paper realizes the equivalent anti-magnetic flux transient electromagnetic method based on the dual launcher. The suppression effect of this method on the blind area is analyzed by physical simulation. And the detection experiment of underground pipelines is carried out outdoors. The results show that the dual launcher can significantly reduce the turn-off time, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the blind area on the detection results, and the pipeline detection results verify the device’s effectiveness. Finally, based on the ground experimental results, the application prospect of mine advanced detection is discussed. Compared with other detection fields, the formation of blind areas is mainly caused by the equipment. If the dual launcher can be used to reduce the blind area, the accuracy of advanced detection can be improved more effectively. The above research results are of great significance for improving the detection accuracy of the underground transient electromagnetic method.

Screening and field application of microbial-flooding activator systems

This study aims to further enhance the oil recovery of reservoirs in the Zhong-2 Block of the Gudao Oilfield by identifying the most effective microbial-flooding activator systems and applying them in the field.We began by analyzing the structure of the reservoirs'endogenous microbial communities to understand the potential impact of microbial flooding.This was followed by determining commonly used activator systems based on their abilities to stimulate oil-displacement functional bacteria.Through laboratory experiments on oil displacement efficiency and sweep characteristics,we determined the optimal activator injection method(injection ratio)and the requisite bacterial concentration for maximal microbial-flooding efficacy.Finally,we selected the optimal activator systems and applied them to field tests.Our findings suggest the target block is highly receptive to microbial-flooding.In terms of performance,the activator systems ranked as No.3>No.4>No.1>No.2.Interestingly,a deep activator system,when compared to the top-performing No.3 system,exhibited a higher bacterial concentration peak and longer peaking duration.Optimal oil displacement effects were observed at a 1:4 vol ratio between the No.3 activator and deep activator systems,with bacterial concentrations of up to 106 cells/mL or above.Field tests with the selected activator systems,following a specific injection protocol,demonstrated a notable increase in oil production and a reduction in water cut.

Prospects in the application of ultrasensitive chromosomal aneuploidy detection in precancerous lesions of gastric cancer

Gastric cancer(GC)is a prevalent malignant tumor within the digestive system,with over 40%of new cases and deaths related to GC globally occurring in China.Despite advancements in treatment modalities,such as surgery supplemented by adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapeutic agents,the prognosis for GC remains poor.New targeted therapies and immunotherapies are currently under invest-igation,but no significant breakthroughs have been achieved.Studies have indicated that GC is a heterogeneous disease,encompassing multiple subtypes with distinct biological characteristics and roles.Consequently,personalized treatment based on clinical features,pathologic typing,and molecular typing is crucial for the diagnosis and management of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer(PLGC).Current research has categorized GC into four subtypes:Epstein-Barr virus-positive,microsatellite instability,genome stability,and chromosome instability(CIN).Technologies such as multi-omics analysis and gene sequencing are being employed to identify more suitable novel testing methods in these areas.Among these,ultrasensitive chromosomal aneuploidy detection(UCAD)can detect CIN at a genome-wide level in subjects using low-depth whole genome sequencing technology,in conjunction with bioinformatics analysis,to achieve qualitative and quantitative detection of chromosomal stability.This editorial reviews recent research advancements in UCAD technology for the diagnosis and management of PLGC.

Research progress and application prospect of functional adhesive materials in the field of oil and gas drilling and production

By summarizing the composition,classification,and performance characterization of functional adhesive materials,the adhesion mechanisms of functional adhesive materials,such as adsorption/surface reaction,diffusion,mechanical interlocking,and electrostatic adsorption,are expounded.The research status of these materials in oil and gas drilling and production engineering field such as lost circulation prevention/control,wellbore stabilization,hydraulic fracturing,and profile control and water plugging,and their application challenges and prospects in oil and gas drilling and production are introduced comprehensively.According to the applications of functional adhesive materials in the field of oil and gas drilling and production at this stage,the key research directions of functional adhesive materials in the area of oil and gas drilling and production are proposed:(1)blending and modifying thermoplastic resins or designing curable thermoplastic resins to improve the bonding performance and pressure bearing capacity of adhesive lost circulation materials;(2)introducing low-cost adhesive groups and positive charge structures into polymers to reduce the cost of wellbore strengthening agents and improve their adhesion performance on the wellbore;(3)introducing thermally reversible covalent bond into thermosetting resin to prevent backflow of proppant and improve the compressive strength of adhesive proppant;(4)introducing thermally reversible covalent bonds into thermoplastic polymers to improve the temperature resistance,salt-resistance and water shutoff performance of adhesive water shutoff agents.

Progress in the extraction and application of collagen peptides

Collagen peptide is the product of complete hydrolysis of collagen,which has a relatively small molecular weight and is more easily absorbed than proteins and amino acids.Collagen peptide not only has unique nutritional value,but also has certain physiological functions,which makes it has great potential value in various fields,so it has set off a wave of research on collagen peptide in the biological world.This paper describes the sources and extraction methods of collagen peptides,and describes the research progress and application of collagen peptides in the medical,food,material and skin care industries according to their physiological functions,which will provide new ideas for the future research of collagen peptides.

Advantages and Development Prospects of Building Information Modelling(BIM)Technology Application in Highway Engineering

Based on the advantages of the application of Building Information Modelling(BIM)technology in highway engineering,this paper analyzes the difficulties of its in-depth application,grasps the pain points of the application of BIM technology in practice,and approaches from the integration of BIM design-construction.This paper also puts forward the integration of cross-stage information based on the BIM+Geographic Information System(GIS)construction information management system to realize the BIM whole life cycle management,and provides directional support for the continuous and efficient application of BIM technology in engineering practice.

Research Progress and Application Prospect of Chengyin Decoction (Granule)

Research and development of Chengyin detoxification prescription are taken as research objects. Starting from preparation research and development, clinical research, urgency and market demand, and significance for industrial development, the relevant research of Chengyin detoxification prescription is systematically reviewed, and the application prospect of the ethnic medicine preparations is looked forward to.

Measurement of Ammonia Emission Following Surface Application of Urea Fertilizer from Irrigated Paddy Rice Fields

Ammonia emission is one of the most important pathways of nitrogen loss from agricultural cultivated field. In this paper, we report the measurement of ammonia emission from paddy rice field obtained by surface application of urea fertilizer with water management. The main objective of the present study were to assess the amount of NH3 emission and the loss of nitrogen from paddy field as affected by various N doses, i.e., 0 (control), 90 (N1), 180 (N2), 270 (N3) and 360 (N4) kg ha-1, following field surface application of urea fertilizer with water management. Ammonia emissions were measured by continuous airflow enclosure method from plots fertilized with the application of surface urea. Increase in urea-N dosage increased NH3 emission that was measured from paddy rice field. Ammonia emission started immediately and was almost complete within 12 days after top dressing of urea application to the soils. Ammonia emissions were nearly constant in all treatments from 12 days after fertilizer application. Highest ammonia emission rate was 28 g /day and total amount of ammonia emission was 56.21 kg ha-1 for 360 kg N ha-1 dose. No remarkable observation was found about temperature for ammonia emission. Due to proper water management practices less emission was observed throughout the experiment period. The results also show that N loss through NH3 emission accounted for 11 to 16% during the rice- growing season. These magnitudes of loss of N appear to be most important for environmental point of view.

Production Benefits of Double-Cropping Rice Under Optimized Application of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizers Combined with Chinese Milk Vetch and Straw Co-Returning to Fields

In order to explore the technology and effects of reducing nitrogen and potassium fertilizer applications in double-cropping rice,a field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of optimized application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers combined with returning Chinese milk vetch and straw to fields on yield,fertilizer utilization efficiency,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci),chlorophyll content(SPAD value)and soil physical and chemical properties in late rice harvest period.The results showed that the optimized application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers combined with the integrated technology of Chinese milk vetch and straw co-returning to the field could enhance the photosynthetic efficiency of double-cropping rice,increase rice yield,and enhance soil biological activity,especially T4 treatment involving the returning of Chinese milk vetch and straw to the field instead of 30%nitrogen fertilizer achieved the highest rice yield,fertilizer use efficiency,net photosynthetic rate and soil biological activity.Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment T2,the total rice yield of T4 treatment increased by 4.1%,among which the early rice and late rice increased by 6.3%and 2.4%,respectively;Pn,Gs and SPAD values of flag leaves at full heading stage significantly increased,and the contents of soil active organic carbon,alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and readily available potassium significantly increased.

Magnetic Method Surveying and Its Application for the Concealed Ore-Bodies Prospecting of Laba Porphyry Molybdenum Ore Field in Shangri-La, Northwestern Yunnan Province, China

Recently, a number of large molybdenum (-copper) deposits have been discovered successively in the Laba area, Shangri-La county, northwestern Yunnan province. The investigation confirmed that there is a superlarge porphyry-skarn hydrothermal vein type molybdenum-polymetallic- metallogenic system with the total prediction reservoir of more than 150 mt molybdenum. The porphyry intrusions contributed to the mineralization closely, the superficial little vein molybdenum (-copper, lead, silver) ore-bodies are usually located in faults and fractures, and the deep porphyry type ore-bodies occurred in the granodiorite porphyries, the skarn type ore-bodies occurred in the contact zone intrused into Triassic limestone or Permian basalts. Laba ore block is a new exploration area with great prospecting potential. In order to reduce the target area and guide the further exploration work, the magnetic method measurement about 3.3 square kilometres was carried out in the ore field. This paper presents an application of analyzing the horizontal and vertical derivative, using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) filter (FFT high-pass, low-pass, cosine roll-off, suscepbility), calculated spectra frequency energy to predict the depth and intensity of the apparent remanence magnetization of source (Hilbert). The calculated results and magnetic anomalous show that the remanence anomaly is caused by the intrusions into the Triassic limestone and Permian basalts with small anomalies, and the depth of located source is not great. We have identified a number of positions to the three drilled well, the drilled result specify interpretation with very high accuracy. The magnetic method is helpful to identify porphyry mineralization, and judge the shape and depth of the concealed ore-bearing intrusive bodies under the similar geological condition.

Application Status and Prospect of Three-Dimensional Printing Technology in the Field of Medical Devices

Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology belongs to a new manufacturing science and has been widely used in various fields of industry.This article will apply 3D printing technology as its main research topic,with emphasis on its application in the field of medical devices and prospects for contribution.

Application Prospect of STF Technology in Braking Field

Brake device is applied widely, its purpose is to make the mechanical movement to stop or reduce the speed of a device. This paper introduces a new brake principle, which can significantly improve the shortcomings of the existing each kind of brake. The in-depth analysis on application advantages in the field of brake and the factors influencing the performance, and its application in the field of brake research are prospected.

Efficient Green Modern Agriculture of Fenlong Cultivation and Its Application Prospects

Based on the evolution of farming revolution in Fengyan aiming to create a healthier and more beautiful human existence and a harmonious coexistence with nature, this study introduced Fenlong green agriculture, which had the characteristics of natural yield increase of more than 10% with zero fertilization, and yield increase of 10%-30%, quality improvement of 5% and doubled land water holding capacity with the conventional fertilization in over 20 crops in more than 20 provinces, and significant reforming efficiency on salinized land and grassland; for the first time made a comprehensive description of high efficient application of Fenlong green modern agriculture to explore natural resources, realizing the sustainable develop- ment of quality improvement, yield increase and efficiency enhancement; for the first time clarified the scientific basis and theoretical system of the green efficient mod- ern agricultural technique-Fenlong cultivation, as well as the basic connotations and concepts of Fenlong cultivation, green efficient modern agricultural technical system; created a new model of efficient modern agricultural production and new technology system, and 6 major technical projects like cultivated land improvement to increase yield and transformation of salinized land and grassland, which could play a role in relieving the climatic disasters like haze, transformation of farmland with medium to low yield as well as the construction of high standard farmland, sucrose industry and ＂One Road One Belt＂ strategy; for the first time proposed Fenlong cultivation as the ＂China technology card＂ in China and even the whole world, so as to make people understand the particular significance of this technology to green develop- ment, which could benefit the future generations.

Evolution,progress,and prospects of research on transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt applications

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shun(TIPS)is an effective procedure for the treatment of portal hypertension complications such as esophagogastric variceal bleeding and refractory ascites.To date,its use by many experts and scholars at home and abroad has benefitted countless patients.In order to further promote the development and innovation of TIPS in China,this paper briefly reviews the development process of TIPS at home and abroad,objectively analyzes the bottlenecks and breakthrough achievements in the development of TIPS,and discusses the application status and research progress of TIPS technology for different indications.Finally,we provide an outlook about the development and application of TIPS in China.

Breeding and Application Prospects of a New Quinoa Variety Longli 1

Longli 1 （ Chenopod/um qu/noa Willd） was the first new quinoa variety in China, which was bred by Pasture and Green Agriculture Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences through the methods of line breeding, cultivation and domestication. In muhipeint regional test, the average yield of Longli 1 was 2 100. （30 kg/hm2, which was increased by 9.6% compared to Jingle qulnoa. Langli 1 was a mid-late mature quinoa variety. The plant was brcom-shape, with the plant height of 181.2 - 223.6 cm, the growth period of 128 - 140 d, and the branch number of 23 - 27. The seeds were round pill shaped, with 1 000-grain weight of 2.40 -3.46 g. The contents of crude protein, fat, proline and total phosphorus in seeds were 171.5 -187.8, 56.5 -59.3, 5.5 -6.9 and 4.5 -6.8 g/kg, re- spectively. I_ongli 1 presented resistance against downy mildew and leaf spot, with strong disease-resistant ability. In multipeint regional test and production test, Longli 1 displayed lodging resistance with strong regeneration ability. It also presented resistance to cold, drought, saline and alkaline, and barren, with wide adaptability. Longh 1 was suitable for planting in mountains, plain field and irrigation area with frost-free period greater than 120 d, rainfall more than 250 mm, and altitude 1 500 -3 000 m. The application prospects of quinoa were also put forward in the paper.

Preparation of Light-burned MgO by Microcrystalline Magnesite and Its Application Prospect Analysis

In order to widen the application of microcrystalline magnesite, the microcrystalline magnesite in Sichuan and Tibet area was used as the raw material to prepare light-burned MgO at 700,800,900, 1 000, 1 100 and I 200 ~C for 3 h, respectively. Then the physical and chemical properties of the light-burned MgO were detec- ted, and its application prospect was analyzed. The re- sults show that： （1） microcrystalline magnesite com- pletely decomposes forming light-burned MgO calcined at the temperature range of 700 - 1 200 ~C ; the MgO con- tent of the light-burned MgO is higher than 96. 51% ; the chemical activity is 88 - 130 s and the grain size is 40 - 200 nm ; it has the advantages of high purity, high activity and fine grain; （2） the light-burned MgO pre- pared with microcrystalline magnesite can be widely used in many industries; it can be used in refractories indus- try to prepare high-purity sintered magnesia and large crystal fused magnesia, or as an additive for refractory products, etc. ; it can also be used in magnesium chemi- cal industry to prepare electrical grade magnesia, sili- con-steel magnesia, environmental friendly flame retard- ant magnesium hydroxide, magnesium sulfate fertilizer, pharmaceutical grade magnesia, food grade magnesia, etc.

Application Status and Prospect of <i>Pinus massoniana</i>Sawdust as the Substrate for the Cultivation of Edible Fungi

In this paper, the research status of using Pinus massoniana sawdust for the cultivation of edible fungi was analyzed and discussed. It was found that Pinus massoniana sawdust contained the material base of edible fungi with sufficient cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin and a small amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, other mineral salts, and some vitamins for the growth of edible fungi. However, the Pinus massoniana wood contained a significant amount of terpenoids, which are detrimental to the growth of edible fungus and mycelial. The major and current detoxification methods for Pinus massoniana sawdust were analyzed, such as steaming method, distillation method, lime water immersion method, outdoor piling fermentation method, and chemical method. Their advantages and disadvantages were discussed and reviewed. Finally, the major issues in the application of Pinus massoniana sawdust as the cultivation substrate of edible fungi were analyzed, and the application prospect of Pinus massoniana sawdust as the substrate for the cultivation of edible fungi was also reviewed.