A Scheme Library-Based Ant Colony Optimization with 2-Opt Local Search for Dynamic Traveling Salesman Problem

The dynamic traveling salesman problem(DTSP)is significant in logistics distribution in real-world applications in smart cities,but it is uncertain and difficult to solve.This paper proposes a scheme library-based ant colony optimization(ACO)with a two-optimization(2-opt)strategy to solve the DTSP efficiently.The work is novel and contributes to three aspects:problemmodel,optimization framework,and algorithmdesign.Firstly,in the problem model,traditional DTSP models often consider the change of travel distance between two nodes over time,while this paper focuses on a special DTSP model in that the node locations change dynamically over time.Secondly,in the optimization framework,the ACO algorithm is carried out in an offline optimization and online application framework to efficiently reuse the historical information to help fast respond to the dynamic environment.The framework of offline optimization and online application is proposed due to the fact that the environmental change inDTSPis caused by the change of node location,and therefore the newenvironment is somehowsimilar to certain previous environments.This way,in the offline optimization,the solutions for possible environmental changes are optimized in advance,and are stored in a mode scheme library.In the online application,when an environmental change is detected,the candidate solutions stored in the mode scheme library are reused via ACO to improve search efficiency and reduce computational complexity.Thirdly,in the algorithm design,the ACO cooperates with the 2-opt strategy to enhance search efficiency.To evaluate the performance of ACO with 2-opt,we design two challenging DTSP cases with up to 200 and 1379 nodes and compare them with other ACO and genetic algorithms.The experimental results show that ACO with 2-opt can solve the DTSPs effectively.

Study on the Diffusion Performance of Standard E-Government Information Systems

Standard e-government information system(SEIS) including mobile-government applications are playing more and more important roles in the establishing of national e-government framework. It can be beneficial not only for avoiding redundant e-government IS development but also for improving collaboration among government agencies. Two research questions were explored: what are the factors influencing the performance of SEIS? Will mandatory SEIS create a better performance than non-mandatory SEIS? Specifically, the use of five categories of IS aspects--information system quality, online service quality, offline service quality, diffusion modes and standard network size—is proposed to understand the performance of SEIS through applying both survey study and simulation study. The results show that information system quality and online service quality of SEIS have strong effects on users' expectation and users' satisfaction, which thereafter promotes the performance of SEIS. Government agencies' offline service quality shows a significant effect on users' satisfaction while not on users' expectation. Furthermore, the diffusion speed of SEIS in non-mandatory and mandatory modes and the standard network size also have great influence on the utility of SEIS.

Research and application of the angular rolling technology for plate mill

Angular rolling technology can overcome the size limitation of plate mill equipment and product heavy steel plate with large unit weight or improve the production efficiency of small width spreading ratio product.With the DEFORM software,the numerical simulation study of the angular rolling process was carried out,and the relation laws of the width,rolling force and strain of the rolled piece under different angular rolling process conditions were obtained.The simulation results show that with the rotation angle increasing,the width of the rolled piece increases.Comparing with the conventional rolling process,the rolling force changes gradually during the biting and throwing stage of the angular rolling pass.With the rotation angle increasing,both the equivalent strains in the thickness direction and in the width direction gradually increase.According to the pattern and dimension's changing formula in the double-pass angular rolling process,the prediction model of angle,reduction and width spreading is built.The opening value of side guide is set for the rotation angle controlling.For one 5000 mm heavy plate mill,the automation control system was modified,and the angular rolling technology was applied online.The absolute deviation of target width does not exceed±20 mm and the relative deviation does not exceed 1%.The large unit weight plate that cannot be rolled with traditional process,can be produced now,and the annual output increases by 10000 t.

Elimination of Collector Current Impact in TSEP-based Junction Temperature Extraction Method for High-Power IGBT Modules

Insulated gate bipolar transistor(IGBT)modules are widely employed in high-power conversion systems.Their junction temperature ranks as one of the most important factors in the reliability of power semiconductor devices.Thermo-sensitive electrical parameter(TSEP)is regarded as the promising solution to extract the junction temperature due to its non-invasion measurement,fast response and high accuracy.However,accurate collector current measurement is required if only the individual TSEP is adopted,which increases the complexity and cost.In this paper,the combined TSEP method is proposed to eliminate the influence of collector current(/c),where the turn-off delay time(tdoff)and maximum decrease rate of/c(max d/c/dt)are adopted and combined.The two TSEPs both have linear relationships withjunction temperature and/c.When they are combined mathematically,the influence of/c is eliminated.Experiments have been implemented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.The comparison between combined TSEP and two individual TSEP methods are illustrated and analyzed.