Analysis of TOPSIS techniques based on bipolar complex fuzzy N-soft setting and their applications in decision-making problems

A novel model termed a bipolar complex fuzzy N-soft set(BCFN-SS)is initiated for tackling information that involves positive and negative aspects,the second dimension,and parameterised grading simultaneously.The theory of BCFN-SS is the generalisation of two various theories,that is,bipolar complex fuzzy(BCF)and N-SS.The invented model of BCFN-SS helps decision-makers to cope with the genuine-life dilemmas containing BCF information along with parameterised grading at the same time.Further,various algebraic operations,including the usual type of union,intersection,complements,and a few others types,are invented.Certain primary operational laws for BCFNSS are also invented.Moreover,a technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution(TOPSIS)approach is devised in the setting of BCFN-SS for managing strategic decision-making(DM)dilemmas containing BCFN-SS information.Keeping in mind the usefulness and benefits of the TOPSIS approach,two various types of TOPSIS approaches in the environment of BCFN-SS are devised and then a numerical example for exposing the usefulness of the devised TOPSIS approach is interpreted.To disclose the prominence and benefits of the devised work,the devised approaches with numerous prevailing work are compared.

Cotangent Similarity Measure of Consistent Neutrosophic Sets and Application to Multiple Attribute Decision-Making Problems in Neutrosophic Multi-Valued Setting

A neutrosophic multi-valued set(NMVS)is a crucial representation for true,false,and indeterminate multivalued information.Then,a consistent single-valued neutrosophic set(CSVNS)can effectively reflect the mean and consistency degree of true,false,and indeterminate multi-valued sequences and solve the operational issues between different multi-valued sequence lengths in NMVS.However,there has been no research on consistent single-valued neutrosophic similarity measures in the existing literature.This paper proposes cotangent similarity measures and weighted cotangent similarity measures between CSVNSs based on cotangent function in the neutrosophic multi-valued setting.The cosine similarity measures showthe cosine of the angle between two vectors projected into amultidimensional space,rather than their distance.The cotangent similaritymeasures in this study can alleviate several shortcomings of cosine similarity measures in vector space to a certain extent.Then,a decisionmaking approach is presented in viewof the established cotangent similarity measures in the case of NMVSs.Finally,the developed decision-making approach is applied to selection problems of potential cars.The proposed approach has obtained two different results,which have the same sort sequence as the compared literature.The decision results prove its validity and effectiveness.Meantime,it also provides a new manner for neutrosophic multi-valued decision-making issues.

Rational and Continuous Measurement of Emotional-Fingerprint, Emotional-Quotient and Categorical vs Proportional Recognition of Facial Emotions with M.A.R.I.E., Second Half

Context: The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) requires modeling prior to its implementation in algorithms for most human skills. This observation requires us to have a detailed and precise understanding of the interfaces of verbal and emotional communications. The progress of AI is significant on the verbal level but modest in terms of the recognition of facial emotions even if this functionality is one of the oldest in humans and is omnipresent in our daily lives. Dysfunction in the ability for facial emotional expressions is present in many brain pathologies encountered by psychiatrists, neurologists, psychotherapists, mental health professionals including social workers. It cannot be objectively verified and measured due to a lack of reliable tools that are valid and consistently sensitive. Indeed, the articles in the scientific literature dealing with Visual-Facial-Emotions-Recognition (ViFaEmRe), suffer from the absence of 1) consensual and rational tools for continuous quantified measurement, 2) operational concepts. We have invented a software that can use computer-morphing attempting to respond to these two obstacles. It is identified as the Method of Analysis and Research of the Integration of Emotions (M.A.R.I.E.). Our primary goal is to use M.A.R.I.E. to understand the physiology of ViFaEmRe in normal healthy subjects by standardizing the measurements. Then, it will allow us to focus on subjects manifesting abnormalities in this ability. Our second goal is to make our contribution to the progress of AI hoping to add the dimension of recognition of facial emotional expressions. Objective: To study: 1) categorical vs dimensional aspects of recognition of ViFaEmRe, 2) universality vs idiosyncrasy, 3) immediate vs ambivalent Emotional-Decision-Making, 4) the Emotional-Fingerprint of a face and 5) creation of population references data. Methods: M.A.R.I.E. enables the rational, quantified measurement of Emotional Visual Acuity (EVA) in an individual observer and a population aged 20 to 70 years. Meanwhile, it can measure the range and intensity of expressed emotions through three Face- Tests, quantify the performance of a sample of 204 observers with hypernormal measures of cognition, “thymia” (defined elsewhere), and low levels of anxiety, and perform analysis of the six primary emotions. Results: We have individualized the following continuous parameters: 1) “Emotional-Visual- Acuity”, 2) “Visual-Emotional-Feeling”, 3) “Emotional-Quotient”, 4) “Emotional-Decision-Making”, 5) “Emotional-Decision-Making Graph” or “Individual-Gun-Trigger”, 6) “Emotional-Fingerprint” or “Key-graph”, 7) “Emotional-Fingerprint-Graph”, 8) detecting “misunderstanding” and 9) detecting “error”. This allowed us a taxonomy with coding of the face-emotion pair. Each face has specific measurements and graphics. The EVA improves from ages of 20 to 55 years, then decreases. It does not depend on the sex of the observer, nor the face studied. In addition, 1% of people endowed with normal intelligence do not recognize emotions. The categorical dimension is a variable for everyone. The range and intensity of ViFaEmRe is idiosyncratic and not universally uniform. The recognition of emotions is purely categorical for a single individual. It is dimensional for a population sample. Conclusions: Firstly, M.A.R.I.E. has made possible to bring out new concepts and new continuous measurements variables. The comparison between healthy and abnormal individuals makes it possible to take into consideration the significance of this line of study. From now on, these new functional parameters will allow us to identify and name “emotional” disorders or illnesses which can give additional dimension to behavioral disorders in all pathologies that affect the brain. Secondly, the ViFaEmRe is idiosyncratic, categorical, and a function of the identity of the observer and of the observed face. These findings stack up against Artificial Intelligence, which cannot have a globalist or regionalist algorithm that can be programmed into a robot, nor can AI compete with human abilities and judgment in this domain. *Here “Emotional disorders” refers to disorders of emotional expressions and recognition.

Rational and Continuous Measurement of the Emotional Decision Making in Visual Recognition of Facial Emotional Expressions with M.A.R.I.E.: First Half

Context: The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) requires modeling prior to its implementation in algorithms for most human skills. This observation requires us to have a detailed and precise understanding of the interfaces of verbal and emotional communications. The progress of AI is significant on the verbal level but modest in terms of the recognition of facial emotions even if this functionality is one of the oldest in humans and is omnipresent in our daily lives. Dysfunction in the ability for facial emotional expressions is present in many brain pathologies encountered by psychiatrists, neurologists, psychotherapists, mental health professionals including social workers. It cannot be objectively verified and measured due to a lack of reliable tools that are valid and consistently sensitive. Indeed, the articles in the scientific literature dealing with Visual-Facial-Emotions-Recognition (ViFaEmRe), suffer from the absence of 1) consensual and rational tools for continuous quantified measurement, 2) operational concepts. We have invented a software that can use computer-morphing attempting to respond to these two obstacles. It is identified as the Method of Analysis and Research of the Integration of Emotions (M.A.R.I.E.). Our primary goal is to use M.A.R.I.E. to understand the physiology of ViFaEmRe in normal healthy subjects by standardizing the measurements. Then, it will allow us to focus on subjects manifesting abnormalities in this ability. Our second goal is to make our contribution to the progress of AI hoping to add the dimension of recognition of facial emotional expressions. Objective: To study: 1) categorical vs dimensional aspects of recognition of ViFaEmRe, 2) universality vs idiosyncrasy, 3) immediate vs ambivalent Emotional-Decision-Making, 4) the Emotional-Fingerprint of a face and 5) creation of population references data. Methods: With M.A.R.I.E. enable a rational quantified measurement of Emotional-Visual-Acuity (EVA) of 1) a) an individual observer, b) in a population aged 20 to 70 years old, 2) measure the range and intensity of expressed emotions by 3 Face-Tests, 3) quantify the performance of a sample of 204 observers with hyper normal measures of cognition, “thymia,” (ibid. defined elsewhere) and low levels of anxiety 4) analysis of the 6 primary emotions. Results: We have individualized the following continuous parameters: 1) “Emotional-Visual-Acuity”, 2) “Visual-Emotional-Feeling”, 3) “Emotional-Quotient”, 4) “Emotional-Deci-sion-Making”, 5) “Emotional-Decision-Making Graph” or “Individual-Gun-Trigger”6) “Emotional-Fingerprint” or “Key-graph”, 7) “Emotional-Finger-print-Graph”, 8) detecting “misunderstanding” and 9) detecting “error”. This allowed us a taxonomy with coding of the face-emotion pair. Each face has specific measurements and graphics. The EVA improves from ages of 20 to 55 years, then decreases. It does not depend on the sex of the observer, nor the face studied. In addition, 1% of people endowed with normal intelligence do not recognize emotions. The categorical dimension is a variable for everyone. The range and intensity of ViFaEmRe is idiosyncratic and not universally uniform. The recognition of emotions is purely categorical for a single individual. It is dimensional for a population sample. Conclusions: Firstly, M.A.R.I.E. has made possible to bring out new concepts and new continuous measurements variables. The comparison between healthy and abnormal individuals makes it possible to take into consideration the significance of this line of study. From now on, these new functional parameters will allow us to identify and name “emotional” disorders or illnesses which can give additional dimension to behavioral disorders in all pathologies that affect the brain. Secondly, the ViFaEmRe is idiosyncratic, categorical, and a function of the identity of the observer and of the observed face. These findings stack up against Artificial Intelligence, which cannot have a globalist or regionalist algorithm that can be programmed into a robot, nor can AI compete with human abilities and judgment in this domain. *Here “Emotional disorders” refers to disorders of emotional expressions and recognition.

An information-volume-based distance measure for decision-making

D-S evidence theory,as a general framework for reasoning with uncertainty,allows combining pieces of evidence from different information sources to derive a degree of belief function that is a type of fuzzy measure.However,the mass assignments given by unknown information sources are disordered.How to measure the difference between the mass assignments has aroused people’s interest.In this paper,inspired by the information volume,a novel distance-based measure is proposed to measure the difference between mass assignments.The method can refine the uncertain information given by experts and compare the refined information to obtain the difference between mass assignments.At the same time,it is verified that the measure not only meets the properties of distance,but also proves the superiority of the proposed Information Volume Distance(IVD)through simulation experiments.Meanwhile,in the process of information fusion,the reliability of each source could be quantified through IVD.Therefore,based on IVD,a new multi-source information algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of multi-source information fusion.Moreover,algorithm is applied to decision-making problem and compare with other methods to verify the effectiveness.

地方性法规设定行政强制措施种类的困境及出路

行政强制措施是重要的行政手段,现行法上规定地方性法规仅可以设定查封、扣押的行政强制措施,并不合理。这种做法不仅不符合比例原则,而且也导致地方立法没有抓手,影响行政许可、行政处罚的实施。扩张地方性法规的行政强制措施种类设定权具有正当性,违背控权论、破坏法制统一、违反法律保留原则等质疑均无法构成反对地方性法规立法权扩张的决定性理由。从强制对象和强制程度两个维度进行考察可以发现,地方性法规不得针对公民人身权和法律保留的财产权设定行政强制措施。对于其他财产权,地方性法规不得设定破坏或者消灭公民财产以及直接导致财产所有权转移的行政强制措施,但是可以设定完全限制或者部分限制公民对财产的占有、使用、收益、处分的行政强制措施。地方性法规设定行政强制措施种类应当受到立法事项、比例原则、立法程序和事后监督等方面的限制。

Sector Mitigation Policies and Methods in China:Measurable,Reportable,and Verifiable Mechanisms

为国内系统基于很多条扇区缓解政策，这份报纸表明怎么可测量、可报告、可证实(MRV ) 机制在中国在扇区水平被使用。同时，这些缓解政策和方法以 MRV 途径和他们的缓解效果是多样的。这些人物应该在 MRV 的国际构造作为盒子基础的部分被调整。引证 Gu， A. ， F。Teng，和王·伊， 2011：在中国的部门缓解政策和方法：可测量、可报告、可证实的机制。副词。Clim。变化物件， 2 (3 ) ， doi：10.3724/SP .J.1248.2011.00115。

“三因制宜”“三个突出”监督推动公立医院高质量发展

公立医院高质量发展是实现“十四五”规划和2035年远景目标的重要保障,是健康中国战略的必然要求,也是坚持“人民至上、生命至上”理念,全方位保障人民群众身体健康和生命安全的现实需要。为助推医院高质量发展,把祖国医学精华之“三因制宜”治疗方法运用到公立医院纪律监督实践中,针对不同的监督任务、监督重点、监督内容,采取因时、因人、因事的监督方法,突出聚焦“两个维护”做好政治监督、紧盯“关键少数”加强“一把手”和领导班子监督、一体推进不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐建设强化行风和医德医风监督,具有针对性、实效性,能更好地结合公立医院实际和医疗行业特点,发挥监督保障执行和促进完善发展作用。三者既有侧重又密不可分,必须整体推进。

跨区域失信联合惩戒措施:实践考察、困境缘由与规范进路

跨区域失信联合惩戒措施已在实践中成功实施,但还存在行政性联合惩戒措施清单不明、对接与联结机制不完善、跨部门跨区域联动不畅以及政社合作机制不健全等问题。究其缘由,主要是跨区域联合惩戒的法制供给不足、性质与功能存有争议、信用一体化机制发展不均衡以及类型化合作规制不力。为规范跨区域失信联合惩戒措施的实施,需以法治原理为逻辑,健全跨区域行政性联合惩戒措施的行为模式与清单体系;以合理行政为原则,建立跨区域行政性联合惩戒措施的联结与对接机制;以部门联合为模式,构建跨区域联合惩戒的强制性措施和推荐性措施;以合作治理为取向,对跨区域行政性、非行政性联合惩戒措施实行公私合作。

Information Security Evaluation of Industrial Control Systems Using Probabilistic Linguistic MCDM Method

Industrial control systems(ICSs)are widely used in various fields,and the information security problems of ICSs are increasingly serious.The existing evaluation methods fail to describe the uncertain evaluation information and group evaluation information of experts.Thus,this paper introduces the probabilistic linguistic term sets(PLTSs)to model the evaluation information of experts.Meanwhile,we propose a probabilistic linguistic multi-criteria decision-making(PL-MCDM)method to solve the information security assessment problem of ICSs.Firstly,we propose a novel subscript equivalence distance measure of PLTSs to improve the existing methods.Secondly,we use the Best Worst Method(BWM)method and Criteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation(CRITIC)method to obtain the subjective weights and objective weights,which are used to derive the combined weights.Thirdly,we use the subscript equivalence distance measure method and the combined weight method to improve the probabilistic linguistic Visekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje(PL-VIKOR)method.Finally,we apply the proposed method to solve the information security assessment problem of ICSs.When comparing with the existing methods such as the probabilistic linguistic Tomada deDecisão Iterativa Multicritério(PL-TODIM)method and probabilistic linguistic Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(PL-TOPSIS)method,the case example shows that the proposed method can provide more reasonable ranking results.By evaluating and ranking the information security level of different ICSs,managers can identify problems in time and guide their work better.

Study the Effectiveness of ISO 27001 to Mitigate the Cyber Security Threats in the Egyptian Downstream Oil and Gas Industry

As Egyptian oil and gas downstream information technology has grown digitally over the past decade, security breaches against these digitally connected systems have also increased. These cyber security threats could have devastating effects on the operations and reputation of these companies. Preventing such cyberattacks is crucial. Especially, with the significance of the Egyptian oil and gas downstream sector to the local economy and the fact that many of these connected systems are sometimes managed remotely. This paper examines the value of the ISO 27001 standard in mitigating the effect of cyber threat and seeks to inspire decision-makers to the importance of the proactive measures to strengthen their organization’s cybersecurity posture and protect information critical assets. The study stresses the importance of improving the local educational system to bridge the gap between supply and demand for cybersecurity specialists by implementing a structured approach that emphasizes behavior modification to get a high return on investment in cybersecurity awareness.

Sustainability of Bridges:Risk Mitigation for Natural Hazards

Bridges serve as essential parts of transportation infrastructure,facilitating the movement of people and goods across rivers,valleys,and other obstacles.However,they are also susceptible to a wide range of natural hazards,including floods,earthquakes,and landslides,which can damage or even collapse these structures,leading to severe economic and human losses.A risk index has been developed to address this issue,which quantifies the likelihood and severity of natural hazards occurring in a specific location.The application of risk indices for natural hazards in bridge management involves a data collection process and mathematical modelling.The data collection process gathers information on bridges’location,condition,and vulnerability,while mathematical modelling uses the data to assess the risk of natural hazards.Overall,risk indices provide a quantitative measure of the vulnerability of bridges to natural hazards and help to prioritize maintenance and repair activities.Mitigation measures are then evaluated and implemented based on the risk assessment results.By using this tool,the UBMS research group has developed an algorithm for risk assessment which will be essential in the decision-making process,specifically focused on enhancing Fund Optimization,Deterioration Modelling,and Risk Analysis.These developments effectively fulfill the primary objectives associated with addressing and mitigating hazards.This development also helps bridge managers understand the potential threats posed by natural hazards and allocate resources more efficiently to ensure the safety and longevity of critical transportation infrastructure.

作物适宜度模型及其应用

本文提出的适宜度理论和方法是一种描述作物与环境关系的定量方法。文中提出了两个新的概念:适宜度过程、环境因子变化过程适宜度。以此为基础,建立了一系列的适宜度模型及产量模型。将该理论及方法应用于分析定西春小麦生产,初步摸清了当地小麦产量长期低而不稳的规律,本文提出的春小麦产量模型具有明显的生物学含义并可用它在不同生长阶段对产量进行预测。经用1984、1986年的数据验证,模拟值与实测值分别相差8％、7.2％。

煤矿带式输送机事故分析及防护措施

带式输送机是煤矿生产中的一种主要运输设备,广泛应用在采区平巷、采区上下山、运输大巷及井口运输走廊等场所,是矿井煤炭运输系统的中枢,一旦发生故障,轻则耽误生产,重则造成人员伤亡。笔者以常见的煤矿带式输送机故障类型为例,分析其产生故障的根本原因,提出各种故障的预防措施;论述了煤矿带式输送机综合保护装置的基本功能和动作原理;通过带式输送机综合保护装置控制系统结构示意图,全面、客观地展示了煤矿用带式输送机容易发生各种故障的方位和自动保护装置测控元件的布局、电气控制原理,不仅可以适时监控带式输送机的工作状态,自动报警、显示、处理各种运行故障,还可以避免人为误操作带来的各种损失。

可持续旅游下旅游环境容量的量测问题探讨

本文在旅游可持续发展的前提下 ,运用环境科学的理论和方法对旅游区的旅游环境容量的量测问题做了理论上的探讨 ,并在对其进行量化确定上做了初步的研究。认为在对其量化过程中要进行环境背景值、基线值的现状评价分析 ,各环境因子之间的联系与制约关系分析 ,累积效应分析 ,风险评价分析和旅游资源利用的帕累托最适度分析 ,通过各阶段对旅游环境容量的校正 ,最后认为旅游规划的环境容量应是帕累托最适环境容量 ,这才是保证旅游区最佳持续发展的依据 ,其表示为Cg=(1-L)RkAuRA 5i=1 Ci i。

以人为因素为中心的航空安全多级模糊综合评价

在航空安全中,根据SHEL模型,以人为因素为中心,列出影响航空安全的一级和二级指标进行多级模糊综合评价,得出各指标对航空安全的影响权重,从而采取相应措施,即加强组织内的横向纵向沟通交流,加大机务方面的培训力度,严格按照标准操作程序,形成公正合理、积极向上的企业文化,以提高航空安全。

高等农业院校本科毕业论文存在问题及对策

从毕业论文在高等院校教学体系中的地位出发,指出目前农科院校毕业论文中普遍存在的一些问题。针对这些问题,结合已取得的成功实践经验,文章提出了相应的改进措施。

防控新型冠状病毒肺炎的对策应合理、合适、合规

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情发展成为突发性公共卫生事件,从隔离传染源、阻断传播途径、保护易感人群3个方面提出了建筑设施方面的防控措施。认为防控对策要合适、合理、合规,做到既科学、精准,又不能过度防范。随着疫情的发展,需要动态评估疫情的防控成效,及时调整防控策略,才能战胜疫情。

保安处分视角下的职业禁止研究

《刑法修正案㈨》增设的职业禁止不同于刑罚或行政处罚,其性质应当属于一种保安处分措施。在适用职业禁止规定时,法官应当遵守适当性原则的要求,并着重审查犯罪行为与行为人职业之间的关联性,即行为人是否利用职业便利实施犯罪,或是实施了违背职业要求的特定义务的犯罪。在适用程序方面,职业禁止措施仍有进一步完善的空间。

利益衡量论

利益衡量论是民法方法论的重要内容,如何确定利益衡量的标准及能否确保得到妥当性的结论是利益衡量论面临的难题。在法解释中进行利益衡量及不断完善利益衡量论,是应采取的积极态度。