Baseband ASIP Design for SDR

Baseband ASIP designs for handsets are discussed based on the author's R&D backgrounds. Algorithms for 4G, 3G, and WLAN are analyzed and selected for implementation based on the trade off of cost and performance with power consumption in mind. A SDR ASIP baseband system architecture is proposed for 4G and 3G mobile handsets. Function partitions for heterogeneous symbol processors are introduced to get higher performance over cost. Three structures for DFE, FFE, and Matrix symbol ASIP are proposed. The concept of bit parallel processor is introduced. Challenges of baseband processors for UDN of 5G were briefly introduced. Conclusions on ASIP architecture and system design are given for different baseband processors on different products.

Enhancing phosphorus uptake efficiency through QTL-based selection for root system architecture in maize

Root system architecture （RSA） plays an important role in phosphorus （P） acquisition, but enhancing P use efficiency （PUE） in maize via genetic manipulation of RSA has not yet been reported. Here, using a maize recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, we investigated the genetic relationships between PUE and RSA, and developed P-efficient lines by selection of quantitative trait loci （QTLs） that coincide for both traits. In low-P （LP） fields, P uptake efficiency （PupE） was more closely correlated with PUE （r = 0.48 -0.54）, and RSA in hydroponics was significantly related to PupE （r=0.25-0.30） but not to P utilization efficiency （PutE）. QTL analysis detected a chromosome region where two QTLs for PUE, three for PupE and three for RSA were assigned into two QTL clusters, Cl-bin3.04a and Cl-bin3.04b. These QTLs had favorable effects from alleles derived from the large-rooted and high-PupE parent. Marker-assisted selection （MAS） identified nine advanced backcross-derived lines carrying Cl-bin3.04a or Cl-bin3.04b that displayed mean increases of 22%-26% in PUE in LP fields. Furthermore, a line L224 pyramiding Cl- binB.04a and Cl-bin3.04b showed enhanced PupE, relying mainly on changes in root morphology, rather than root physiology, under both hydroponic and field conditions. These results highlight the physiological and genetic contributions of RSA to maize PupE, and provide a successful study case of developing P-efficient crops through QTL-based selection.

Association mapping of quantitative trait loci for yield-related agronomic traits in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

High yield in rice mainly depends on large grain weight, ideal plant architecture and proper flowering time adapting to various geographic regions. To help achieve higher yield, phenotype variations of heading date（HD）, plant architecture and grain shape in a panel of 416 rice accessions were investigated in this study. A total of 143 markers including 100 simple sequence repeat（SSR） markers and 43 gene-tagged markers were employed in association mapping to detect quantitative trait loci（QTL） responsible for these variations. Among the 7 subpopulations, POP5 in japonica group showed the largest values of HD and grain width（GW）, but the smallest values of grain length（GL） and grain length to width ratio（GLW）. Among the six indica groups, POP7 had the largest values of HD, GL, GLW, and 1 000-grain weight（TGW）. A total of 27 QTLs were detected underlying these phenotypic variations in single year, while 12 of them could be detected in 2006 and 2007. GS3 marker was closely associated with GL, GW and GLW, and widely distributed in different groups. The starch synthesis related gene markers, SSI, SSIIa, SBE1, AGPL4, and ISA1, were linked to plant height（PH）, panicle length（PL）, flag leaf length（FLL）, GW, and GLW. The SSR markers, RM267, RM340 and RM346, were linked to at least two traits. Therefore, these new markers will probably be used to improve rice grain yield or plant architecture when performing marker-assisted selection of proper alleles.