Creation of "Regional Characteristic" in Planning and Design of Farmers' Residential Area at the South of Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

After analysis of location feature of the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River and its construction of urban and rural integration,the paper pointed out harmonious combination between natural and artificial factors had been neglected in planning and design of farmers' residential area at the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River,"regional characteristic" losing,residential area in the form of "city community" and buildings in European style.In view of these problems,relevant planning and design thoughts and methods had been proposed as to how to create "regional characteristic" from the perspective of planning,architecture and landscape design.It discussed with emphasis the importance of construction base type and combination of environment with residential area construction;inspirations and design methods obtained from traditional architectures;and the content of landscape overall planning and specific design.It was hoped to enlighten designers to shoulder social and historical responsibility,make exploration unremittingly,and construct beautiful homelands for people.

Organic Phosphorus in Shallow Lake Sediments in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Area in China

Thirteen sediment core samples(0-10 cm) were taken from the seven lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to determine the contents and distributions of organic phosphorus(P) fractions in the sediments of the shallow lakes in the area.The organic P fractions in the sediments were in the order of moderately labile organic P(MLOP) > moderately resistant organic P(MROP) > highly resistant organic P(HROP) > labile organic P(LOP),with average proportional ratios of 13.2:2.8:1.3:1.0.LOP,MLOP,and MROP were significantly related to the contents of total organic carbon(TOC),water-soluble P(WSP),algal-available P(AAP),NaHCO3-extractable P(Olsen-P),total P(TP),organic P(OP),and inorganic P(IP).However,HROP was significantly related to OP and weakly correlated with TOC,WSP,AAP,Olsen-P,TP or IP.This suggested that organic P,especially LOP and MLOP in sediments,deserved even greater attention than IP in regards to lake eutrophication.In terms of organic P,sediments were more hazardous than soils in lake eutrophication.Although OP concentrations were higher in moderately polluted sediment than those in heavily polluted sediment,LOP and MLOP were higher in the heavily polluted sediment,which indicated that heavily polluted sediment was more hazardous than moderately polluted sediment in lake eutrophication.

The Background of Regional Lead Isotopic Compositions and Its Application in the Lower and Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River and Neighbouring Areas

The paper systematically deals with the background of regional isotopic compo-sitions in the lower and middle reaches of the Yangtze River and neighbouring areas. It isshown that the lead isotopic compositions of different geological formations and units are con-trolled by the primary mantle heterogeneity, dynamic process of crust-mantle interchange,abundances of uraninm, thorium and lead of various layers of the earth and timing. Studies onthe background of regional isotopic compositions may offer significant information forgeochemical regionalization, tracing of sources of ore-forming materials, and regionalprognosis of ore deposits.

A Preliminary Study on the Rational Utilization of Land Resources in the Poverty-Stricken Mountainous Areas in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River:A Case Study of Xueshan Township

As one of the most fragile alpine plateau and canyon areas in China,the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are the key areas of ecological construction in China.It is also a key area for poverty alleviation in the country.Therefore,it is necessary to take into account the dual goals of poverty reduction and ecological environment construction,and explore a win-win road of ecological construction and poverty alleviation in line with the reality of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.Taking Xueshan Township,Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County,Yunnan Province,which is located in the poor mountainous area of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as an example,based on many field investigations and existing investigation and statistical data,this paper analyzes the current situation and main problems of land use in Xueshan Township,and then puts forward measures and suggestions for rational utilization of land resources in Xueshan Township.This can provide a necessary reference for the next implementation of rural revitalization strategy and ecological construction.

Relationship between adjustment of low water level and utilization of water depth in Shashi Reach in middle Yangtze River

Hydrological,sediment,and bathymetric data of the Shashi Reach in the middle Yangtze River for the period of 1975-2018 were collected,and the characteristics of low water level changes and their impacts on utilization of water depth for navigation were investigated.The results showed that,during the study period,the Shashi Reach riverbed was significantly scoured and incised,with cross-sectional profiles showing overall narrowing and deepening.This indicated a strong potential to improve the water depth of the channel.The analysis of the temporal variation of in-channel topographical features showed that the Taipingkou diara underwent siltation and erosion,with its head gradually scoured and relocated downstream after 2008,and the Sanbatan diara continued to shrink and migrate leftwards.Low water levels with the same flow rate over the study period decreased.For instance,from 2003 to 2020,the water level at the Shashi hydrological station decreased to 1.37 m with a flow rate of 6000 m^(3)/s.Furthermore,the designed minimum navigable water level of the Shashi Reach was approximately 2.11m lower than the recommended level.In terms of utilization of the channel water depth,continuous scouring of the river channel is expected to result in a reduction in discharge at the Taipingkou mouth,which will improve the water depth conditions of the channel during the dry season in the Shashi Reach.With several channel regulation projects,the 3.5-m depth of the Shashi Reach would basically be unobstructed.This promotes utilization of the shipping route from the Taipingkou south branch to the Sanbatan north branch as the main navigation channel during the dry season.Considering the factors of current water depth and the clear width limitation of the navigation hole at the Jingzhou Yangtze River Bridge,this route can still be favored as the main navigation channel with a 4.5-m depth during the dry season.

Two series of copper-gold deposits in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River area (MLYRA) and the hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur and lead isotopes of their ore-forming hydrothermal systems

Based on studies on the geological characteristics of the copper-gold deposits in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River area (MLYRA) and their hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur and lead isotope compositions, it is concluded that there existed two series of copper-gold deposits. They are evolutional products of two ore-forming hydrothermal systems in different geodynamic settings and geological era. Series I is stratiform or stratabound copper-gold deposits. These deposits were formed by submarine exhalation and sedimentation of hydrothermal solutions in Her-cynian tensional tectonic environment after bot brine ascending along contemporaneous faults and exhaled into the sea-floor. Series II consists of copper-gold deposits related to medium and acidic magmatic intrusions. Their mineralizations took place in Yanshanian in a tensional or a transitional period to the tensional tectonic environment from the composite of the tethys tectonic regime and the Paleo-Pacific ocean tectonic regime, as well as in the upper mantle doming and crustal thinning environment. Copper-gold deposits were formed from the hydrothermal fluids, mixtures of magmatic water and part of meteoric water, by complex water-rock interactions and coupling dynamic processes of transport-chemical reactions. Superposition is an important condition for the formation of the large-scale copper-gold ore deposits.

Relationship Between an Abrupt Drought-Flood Transition over Mid-Low Reaches of the Yangtze River in 2011 and the Intraseasonal Oscillation over Mid-High Latitudes of East Asia

NCEP/NCAR daily reanalysis data and Chinese daily gridded precipitation data are used to study the relationship between an aprupt drought-flood transition over the mid-low reaches of the Yangtze River in 2011 and the intraseasonal oscillation （ISO; 30-60 days） in the mid-high latitude meridional circulation of the upper troposphere over East Asia. The abrupt transition from drought to flood occurs in early June. The first two recovered fields of the complex empirical orthogonal function show that northward-propagating westerlies from low latitudes converge with southward-propagating westerlies from high latitudes over the mid-low reaches of the Yangtze River （MLRYR） in mid late May. The timing of this convergence corresponds to the flood period in early-mid June. The ISO index is significantly and positively correlated with rainfall over the MLRYR. During the dry phase （before the transition）, the upper troposphere over the MLRYR is characterized by cyclonic flow, easterly winds, and convergence. The regional circulation is dominated by a wave train with a cyclone over east of Lake Baikal, an anticyclone over northern China, and a cyclone over the MLRYR. During the wet phase, the situation is reversed. The configuration of the wave train during the dry phase favors the southward propagation of westerly wind disturbances, while the configuration of the wave train during the wet phase favors the development and maintenance of a pumping effect and sustained ascending motions over the MLRYR.

Molecular evidence on the presence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in snails along the Yangtze River, 2015–2019

Background: Due to sustained control activities,the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in humans,livestock and snails has decreased significantly in P.R.China,and the target has shifted from control to elimination according to the Outline of Healthy China 2030 Plan.Applying highly sensitive methods to explore the presence of S.japonicum infection in its intermediate host will benefit to assess the endemicity or verify the transmission interruption of schistosomiasis accurately.The aim of this study was to access the presence of S.japonicum infection by a loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)method through a 5-year longitudinal study in five lake provinces along the Yangtze River.Methods: Based on previous epidemiological data,about 260 villages with potential transmission risk of schistosomiasis were selected from endemic counties in five lake provinces along the Yangtze River annually from 2015 to 2019.Snail surveys were conducted in selected villages by systematic sampling method and/or environmental sampling method each year.All live snails collected from field were detected by microscopic dissection method,and then about one third of them were detected by LAMP method to assess the presence of S.japonicum infection with a single blind manner.The infection rate and nucleic acid positive rate of schistosomes in snails,as well as the indicators reflecting the snails’distribution were calculated and analyzed.Fisher's exact test was used to examine any change of positive rate of schistosomes in snails over time.Results: The 5-year survey covered 94,241 ha of environment with 33,897 ha of snail habitats detected accumulatively.Totally 145.3 ha new snail habitats and 524.4 ha re-emergent snail habitats were found during 2015–2019.The percentage of frames with snails decreased from 5.93%[45,152/761,492,95%confidence intervals(CI):5.88–5.98%]in 2015 to 5.25%(30,947/589,583,95%CI:5.19–5.31%)in 2019,while the mean density of living snails fluctuated but presented a downward trend generally from 0.20 snails/frame(155,622/761,492,95%CI:0.17–0.37)in 2015 to 0.13 snails/frame(76,144/589,583,95%CI:0.11–0.39)in 2019.A total of 555,393 live snails were collected,none of them was positive by dissection method.Totally 17 pooling snail samples were determined as positives by LAMP method among 8716 pooling samples with 174,822 of living snails,distributed in 12 villages of Hubei,Hunan,Jiangxi and Anhui provinces.The annual average positive rate was 0.41%(95%CI:0.13–0.69%)in 2015,0%in 2016,0.36%(95%CI:0.09–0.63%)in 2017,0.05%(95%CI:0–0.16%)in 2018,0.05%(95%CI:0–0.15%)in 2019,respectively,presenting a downward trend from 2015 to 2019 with statistical significance(χ^(2)=11.64,P<0.05).Conclusions: The results suggest that S.japonicum infection still persisted in nature along the Yangtze River and traditional techniques might underestimate the prevalence of schistosomiasis in its intermediate hosts.Exploring and integrating molecular techniques into national surveillance programme could improve the sensitivity of surveillance system and provide guidance on taking actions against schistosomiasis.

Case studies on mesoscale structures of heavy rainfall system in the Yangtze River generated by Meiyu front

A heavy rainfall system was observed over the Yangtze River during Meiyu season by using dual-Doppler radar systems in the field experiment conducted by the project of National Fundamental Research Planning “Research on formation mechanism and the prediction theory of hazardous weather over China”. The three-dimensional mesoscale kinematic structure and process of a heavy rain on 22 and 23 July, 2002 are investigated by using the radial velocity and dual-Doppler radar technique. The results show that a southwest-northeast oriented rain band with the length of about 1000 km involves numbers of meso-β or meso-γ-scale convective cells with the size of 20―50 km. The heavy rain band in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River ex-ists in a low-level wind shear. The interaction between southwest low-level jet on the southern side of wind shear and east wind on the northern side formed the updraft. The wind disturbance, wind shear and convergence generate the convective action. The new cell developed in right rear flank of rain band and moved to the southwest wind area, where the vapor is abundant. This kind of echo can last a long time and developed well. The strong convective echoes are often ac-companied by the meso-γ-scale vortex and convergence.

数字经济产业区域协同发展机理及路径研究--基于江西与粤港澳、长三角、长江中游城市群协同发展视角

数字经济产业区域协同发展对推动区域经济效率变革、质量变革和动力变革具有积极推动作用。近年来,江西充分发挥毗邻粤港澳大湾区、长三角以及位居长江中游城市群的地理优势,积极推动数字经济产业区域协同发展,打造了赣深电子信息产业集聚区、承接长三角数字产业转移示范区、赣湘电子信息产业园等,为江西数字经济产业高质量发展奠定了扎实基础,但是在数字经济产业区域协同发展过程中仍然存在协同规划缺乏、协同层次偏低、协同结构失衡、产业数字化滞后、数字技术协同创新弱和数据要素共建共享不畅等问题。这需从强化规划引领、提高协同层次、优化协同结构、加快数字化转型、推动数字技术协同创新和促进数据互联互通共用等方面加以破解。

长江中下游小麦新品系条锈病抗性评估与抗病基因分析

由小麦条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis West. f. sp.tritici Eriks.&Henn.)引起的条锈病是世界范围内小麦的重要病害。长江中下游麦区是中国小麦主产区之一和重要的小麦商品粮基地,也是中国小麦条锈病流行的重点防控地区。准确评价该地区小麦品种(系)对当前小麦条锈病流行小种的抗性,了解抗条锈基因在各个品种及所处麦区内的分布状况,对及时调整抗病育种目标、指导抗病品种及抗病基因的合理布局与应用具有重要意义。本研究收集了2019-2021年间苏、皖、鄂等长江中下游麦区103份小麦材料,包括34份当地主栽品种和69份参加新品种区域审定试验的高代品系,于2021年分别在陕西杨凌混合小种(CYR32、V26-lab)人工病圃及四川江油自然诱发病圃进行成株期抗条锈性鉴定;以当前流行条锈菌小种条中32(CYR32)和G22致病类群(V26-lab)对参鉴品系进行苗期分小种鉴定,利用16个已知抗条锈基因的19个SNP标记进行分子检测,其中包括11个全生育期抗病基因[Yr5a、Yr5b (YrSP)、Yr6、Yr7、Yr9、Yr15、Yr26、Yr28、Yr81、YrZH84和YrAS1676]和5个成株期抗病基因(Yr18、Yr30、Yr78、Yr86和YrLT26),推测小麦品系可能携带的抗病基因。结果表明,34份主栽品种中,23份表现成株期抗病。在69份高代品系中,苗期对CYR32和V26-lab小种表现抗病的品系分别有11份和13份,对CYR32和V26-lab均表现免疫或者近免疫的品系仅有2份。根据品系成株期抗病DS值的聚类热图结果表明,在杨凌表现抗病的品系有44份,在江油表现抗病的品系有25份,在两地均表现环境稳定抗病的品系有17份。分子检测表明,参鉴品系中可能携带Yr5b、Yr6、Yr7、Yr9、Yr30、Yr78、Yr81、Yr86、YrZH84、YrLT26和YrAS1676,其中只有Yr6、Yr81和YrLT26显著影响抗病性,没有发现可能携带Yr5a、Yr15、Yr18、Yr26和Yr28的品系。此外,Yr78、Yr81、Yr86和YrAS1676组合表现可有效抗条锈病。长江中下游麦区小麦品系对小麦条锈菌当前流行小种的抗性整体水平较2010年前明显提高,抗病基因的使用呈多样化趋势。

长江中下游地区生态系统服务对景观占比的响应及其阈值

人类活动所导致的土地利用方式改变对区域生态系统服务有着显著影响,厘清区域内不同土地利用类型景观面积占比对生态系统服务的影响机制对区域景观调控与用地管理有着重要意义。以长江中下游地区为研究区,以二级流域为研究单元,基于InVEST模型、RULSE模型以及NPP数据,评估产水量(WY)、固碳量(CS)以及土壤保持(SC)3种生态系统服务的空间分布特征;使用分段线性回归探究生态系统服务综合指数(TES)对人类活动影响较为强烈的林地、建设用地和耕地面积占比的响应及其阈值。结果表明:(1)长江中下游地区林地占比较高地区分布在西部和南部,建设用地占比较高地区分布在东部和北部,耕地占比较高地区分布在东北部和中西部。(2)生态系统服务空间分布表现出明显的空间异质性,其中WY呈现出西南高,东北低的分布特征,CS呈现出南高北低的分布特征,SC高值区主要分布在植被覆盖率较高的山区,TES与SC分布呈现相似特征。(3)林地面积占比对TES有正向促进作用,其影响阈值为93.2%,当超过此阈值,促进作用会加强;建设用地和耕地面积占比对TES有着负向的作用,当面积占比分别超过8.7%和46.9%时,二者的负向作用会减弱,耕地在阈值前后的负向影响均弱于建设用地,因此,约束建设用地和耕地的开发,促进林地面积增加可以提升流域生态系统服务水平。研究结果可为长江中下游地区流域的景观调控和土地利用管理提供一定理论依据与参考。

长江下游桥区动态自适应自主航行决策方法

针对长江下游桥区环境复杂且时变,存在特殊航行规则、可航水域受限等问题,提出一种自主航行决策方法。在该类水域,基于数字化交通环境模型,结合导航模型、船舶操纵运动数学模型(MMG)、航向航迹控制方法构建自动航行模型。以航行规则和良好船艺为前提计算可行操纵区间,依靠时序滚动框架消除剩余误差和自适应目标船(TS)机动,求取自主航行决策方案。仿真结果表明:该方法能自适应时变环境,实现自适应多目标避让,并沿推荐航线安全通过,为桥区水域自主航行提供一种自适应的决策方法。

The relationship between water level change and river channel geometry adjustment in the downstream of the Three Gorges Dam

In this study, data measured from 1955–2016 were analysed to study the relationship between the water level and river channel geometry adjustment in the downstream of the Three Gorges Dam（TGD） after the impoundment of the dam. The results highlight the following facts：（1） for the same flow, the low water level decreased, flood water level changed little, lowest water level increased, and highest water level decreased at the hydrological stations in the downstream of the dam;（2） the distribution of erosion and deposition along the river channel changed from ＂erosion at channels and deposition at bankfulls＂ to ＂erosion at both channels and bankfulls;＂ the ratio of low-water channel erosion to bankfull channel erosion was 95.5% from October 2002 to October 2015, with variations between different impoundment stages;（3） the low water level decrease slowed down during the channel erosion in the Upper Jingjiang reach and reaches upstream but sped up in the Lower Jingjiang reach and reaches downstream; measures should be taken to prevent the decrease in the channel water level;（4） erosion was the basis for channel dimension upscaling in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River; the low water level decrease was smaller than the thalweg decline; both channel water depth and width increased under the combined effects of channel and waterway regulations; and（5） the geometry of the channels above bankfulls did not significantly change; however, the comprehensive channel resistance increased under the combined effects of riverbed coarsening, beach vegetation, and human activities; as a result, the flood water level increased markedly and moderate flood to high water level phenomena occurred, which should be considered. The Three Gorges Reservoir effectively enhances the flood defense capacity of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River; however, the superposition effect of tributary floods cannot be ruled out.

长江中游干流河段洲滩民垸行蓄洪能力研究

长江中下游洲滩民垸具有巨大行蓄洪能力,对保障重点地区防洪安全起重要作用。但是,洲滩民垸点多面广,地形数据缺乏,无法充分利用并有效构建数学模型分析行蓄洪作用。基于长江中下游高分辨率遥感影像数据,构建长江中游干流河段洲滩民垸数字高程模型,以生产水位-面积-容积关系成果,分区分类研究洲滩民垸的行蓄洪能力。结果表明:长江中游干流洲滩民垸行蓄洪能力强,但空间分布差异大,其中,荆江河段洲滩民垸面积及蓄洪容积占比最高,在面临大洪水时调度运用多。研究成果能够直观有效呈现长江中游干流洲滩民垸的行蓄洪能力,为洲滩民垸的调度运用打牢数据基础,为科学准确制定防洪决策提供有力支持。

长江上游重庆段近20 a降水时空变化特征

全球气候变暖背景下,我国降水分布日趋复杂,气象灾害造成的损失巨大。为满足防灾减灾与水资源管理的数据支撑需求,基于长江上游重庆段近20 a降水数据,利用线性回归、M-K非参数检验等方法,探究降水的时间变化趋势与空间分异特征。结果表明:近20 a重庆市年降水量在875.6—1348.2 mm。时间上,春、秋两季呈明显增多的趋势,其中3月最显著。降水在14 a时间尺度的周期过程线中波动最强,是第一主周期。空间分布上,呈西低东高的特点,在渝西和长江河谷地区降水相对偏少,主要受重庆地形的影响;渝西和渝东北地区秋季降水显著增多。研究结果可为长江流域旱涝灾害防治、水资源开发利用及经济社会可持续发展提供数据支撑,同时可为植被修复与生态廊道保障提供参考。

农业绿色转型约束下耕地利用生态效率时空分异特征及空间效应

[目的]基于农业绿色转型约束探究粮食主产区耕地利用生态效率时空分异特征及空间效应,可为制定生态耕种政策提供理论支撑。[方法]运用SBM-Undesirable模型对长江中游粮食主产区2005—2019年耕地利用生态效率进行评价,结合Dagum基尼系数和地理时空加权回归模型分析其时空特征及影响因素。[结果](1) 2005—2019年长江中游粮食主产区耕地利用生态效率总体由0.425上升至0.674,效率值空间差异较大但差异度有所下降;(2)耕地利用生态效率空间非均衡性显著且逐渐缩小,基尼系数由0.265降至0.185,地区空间非均衡程度表现为湖南地区>湖北地区>江西地区;(3)人均GDP、有效灌溉率和财政支农力度对研究区耕地利用生态效率呈正向影响,复种指数和城乡收入差距呈负向影响。[结论]长江中游粮食主产区耕地利用生态效率呈上升趋势,但空间非均衡性显著,受自然、经济社会、技术和政策多重因素影响。未来应激发农户耕地绿色生产积极性,降低污染排放量,以及推进耕地绿色利用技术均衡化,提高区域整体资源配置效率。

长江中游城市群绿色低碳协同发展面临的困境与对策研究

党的“十八大”以来,中国一直致力于推进美丽中国建设,长江中游城市群位于中国经济发展的重要地区,拥有丰富的资源和人口优势,是中国经济增长的重要引擎。现阶段长江中游城市群绿色低碳发展虽然取得了阶段性成果,但仍然面临着诸多挑战,包括国土空间用途管制不到位,能源资源利用效率不高,建成区及其周边地区水土气污染依然严重,农村面源污染较多,生态环境风险隐患较大等。这些问题不仅威胁着人民的健康和生活质量,也对区域可持续发展带来了严峻挑战。为推动长江中游城市群绿色低碳协同发展,实现“双碳”目标和美丽中国建设,本文提出如下对策:建立生态环境协同治理机制,加快绿色低碳技术创新,推动产业结构和能源结构转型,完善资源环境要素市场化配置体系,健全全民环境治理参与机制。

长江中游粮食主产区耕地碳源汇时空演化特征及驱动因素分析

辨识粮食主产区耕地碳源汇平衡特征及驱动因素,对推动耕地低碳生产跃迁和稳固粮食安全至关重要。该研究基于碳源-碳汇双重视角测度2005—2021年长江中游粮食主产区耕地利用净碳汇量,运用空间自相关、核密度估计和地理探测器等方法探究其时空演化特征及驱动因素,并提出固碳减排策略。结果表明:1)长江中游粮食主产区耕地净碳汇总量从2005年2674.09万t增加至2021年3757.58万t,年均增幅2.22%,碳汇功能愈发凸显,空间上各地市耕地净碳汇呈“低值区点状分散、高值区片状集聚”的差异分布态势;2)长江中游粮食主产区耕地净碳汇空间相关性存在“正集聚-负集聚-正聚集”交替变化规律,整体和省域耕地净碳汇均存在扩散现象且区域差异有所增强;3)长江中游粮食主产区耕地净碳汇时空格局演化受耕地利用和农业经济因素影响显著,其中,耕地规模和农业机械化水平是关键主导因素且影响力区域异质性明显;4)应推动耕地规模化与机械化经营、科学量化物资投入及重视耕地生产主体素质培养,带动长江中游粮食主产区耕地利用固碳减排。研究结果可为科学测度耕地碳源汇、完善耕地碳循环机制提供决策参考。

2024年2月初贵州东部及长江中下游低温雨雪冰冻天气的基本特征及成因

2024年2月初贵州东部及长江中下游出现低温雨雪冰冻天气,恰逢春运高峰,给春运、能源保供及人民生活造成严重影响。为揭示此次低温雨雪冰冻天气的异常特征,利用国家气象信息中心实况观测资料、美国国家环境预报中心和国家大气研究中心(NCEP/NCAR)再分析资料以及怀化双偏振雷达资料对此次天气的基本特征和成因进行了分析。结果表明:(1)2024年春节前贵州东部、湖南中北部、湖北东部南部及安徽西部北部出现4~6d严重冰冻灾害,冰冻灾害主要由两轮低温雨雪天气造成,首轮低温雨雪出现在2月1-4日,降水相态具有多样性,尤其是3日雨雪最为明显,以强降雪及强冻雨为主,导致积雪和积冰快速增长。第二轮低温雨雪出现在5-6日,贵州东部、湖南中北部以冻雨为主,湖北等长江沿线以雨夹雪和降雪为主,积冰得以维持或继续增长。(2)亚洲中高纬度位势高度距平呈西低东高分布,且南支槽活跃,为低温雨雪冰冻天气提供了重要天气背景。南支槽前强盛的西南急流沿锋面爬升形成倾斜上升气流,增强了锋后的降水强度,造成第一轮强低温雨雪天气;而后南支槽减弱,但南支锋区仍维持,中低层急流和地面静止锋均维持,造成了第二轮持续低温雨雪天气。(3)受华南静止锋和云贵静止锋形成及维持的影响,锋后逆温范围宽广,且长江以南地区暖层显著,造成长江南北不同相态的降水。同时长江南北的温湿场在垂直方向上有较大差异,长江以北地区以强降雪为主时,温湿场上表现为深厚的冷湿特征,具有典型的冰相结构;长江以南地区以强冻雨为主时,温湿场上具有“强暖湿-冷湿”特征。(4)2月3-4日长江南北地区均出现快速跃增的雨水、冰水和雪的混合比,形成了强湿雪和强冻雨;长江以南地区低层过冷水3日夜间以小雨滴和大雨滴方式共存5日夜间则是由小雨滴构成。