Union examination of AFP,AFU,AFPL3 and γ-GT in early diagnosis of primary liver cancer

Objective To explore the significance of union examination of blood serum liver cancer tracers in the early diagnosis of liver cancer. Methods We observed and compared the level of blood serum liver cancer tracers armor embryo protein (AFP),crag algae glycosidase (AFU),armor embryo protein heteroplasmon (AFPL3) and γ-Gu Anxian transferase (γ-GT) in early time for primary liver cancer patients and hepatitis liver cirrhosis patients and those chronic hepatitis B patients who had liver cancer family history. Results Finally among the 30 patients in the early liver cancer group,23 were positive with AFP,20 with AFU,15 with AFPL3 and 21 with γ-GT. Five were found positive with blood serum AFP,AFPL3,AFU and γ-GT at the same time; 5 with AFP,AFPL3 and γ-GT; 5 with AFP,AFU and AFPL3; 7 with AFP,AFU and γ-GT. By contrast,in the control group,among the 30 hepatitis liver cirrhosis patients and those chronic hepatitis B patients with liver cancer family history,11 were found positive with AFP,3 with AFPL3,12 with AFU and 14 with γ-GT. None of the patients were found positive with union examination of AFP,AFPL3,AFU and γ-GT in the blood serum at the same time. Conclusion The union examination of AFP,AFU,AFPL3 and γ-GT is significant to the early diagnosis of primary liver cancer.

鱼类抗冻蛋白在动物精液、细胞、胚胎低温保存中的研究进展

抗冻蛋白(antifreeze proteins, AFPs)是一类能抑制冰晶生长并提高机体抗冻功能的蛋白质。AFPs来源广泛,在动物、植物、细菌、真菌等不同生物体内都存在。目前,研究较多、有望被推广应用于畜牧生产实践的主要是具有热滞活性和抑制冰晶重结晶活性的鱼类AFPs。鱼类AFPs的种类主要包括AFPⅠ、AFPⅡ、AFPⅢ、AFPⅣ和抗冻糖蛋白(AFGP)。尽管不同鱼类AFPs都具有抗冻功能,但是它们的组成和结构差异很大,而且对应的基因在核苷酸序列上几乎没有相似性。鱼类AFPs抗冻机制主要包括吸附-抑制学说、刚体能量学说、包合物锚定学说、亲和相互作用偶联团聚学说等。在人类、鱼类、家畜和小鼠等精液的低温保存中,鱼类AFPs可通过维持细胞膜完整性、抑制冰晶生长及减少DNA损伤等保护精子;在卵母细胞、精原细胞、红细胞及动物胚胎的低温保存中,鱼类AFPs可通过阻止冰晶化及抗氧化功能等改善保存效果。作者主要概述了鱼类AFPs种类及其结构特征和作用机制,总结了鱼类AFPs在精液、卵母细胞、精原细胞、红细胞及胚胎低温保存中的应用进展,以期为鱼类AFPs作为候选抗冻剂应用于种质资源保护和畜牧业生产提供科学依据。

产前筛查对出生缺陷的预防

目的分析马鞍山市区4893例孕中期先天愚型儿产前筛查情况。方法对孕中期(14—21周)4893例孕妇进行甲胎蛋白(AFP)和游离一HCG(free—B—HCG)的血清生化指标检测,经特殊软件计算,对可能影响检测结果的部分因素,如年龄、体重,孕周等加以分析校正,分析孕妇怀有出生缺陷的风险。结果筛查例中期孕妇4893例,筛查21-3体高危个体184例,阳性率为3.76%,比全国统计结果略高。21-3体阳性率3.76%,18-3体18例,阳性率0.37%,NTD高风险48例,阳性率0.98%,与全国统计结果相近。结论在中孕期间检测AFP和B一HCG筛查DS及神经管畸形胎儿,对避免新生儿的出生缺陷起到较好的预防作用,同时为马鞍山地区人群提供了自己的检测软件系统。