Hard Paternalism and Confucian Familism

In this paper,I criticize Joel Feinberg's argument of soft paternalism,which stands against hard paternalism,as being untenable.As assessing one's voluntariness is very difficult and controversial,paternalistic measures would be preferable to be implemented by hard paternalism rather than soft paternalism.I then examine four usual criticisms of hard paternalism from the perspective of utilitarianism and the principle of autonomy.I argue that these criticisms are unsound and unfounded,and I defend hard paternalism from the perspective of Confucian familism.I argue that as one's life and identity are inseparable from one's family,“self-regarding”actions,traditionally understood,do not only affect the self,but also one's family members.Thus,paternalistic measures to protect individuals from self-harming are also aimed to protect their family members which are indeed compatible with Mill's harm principle.

Research on the Teaching Optimization Path in Children’s Creative Art Curriculum Under the Perspective of“Sanquan Education”

Children’s creative art curriculum is a professional course supported by art materials and techniques and facilitated through creative activities,aiming at cultivating students’ability to organize creative art activities using various art materials and techniques.In light of the evolving focus in China’s colleges and universities from“what to know”to“how to apply,”the pivotal question for educators is how to maximize the value of children’s creative art curriculum.Based on this,this article takes“Sanquan education”as the starting point,combines factual and theoretical arguments,and analyzes the teaching optimization path of children’s creative art curriculum under the perspective of Sanquan education,to improve the quality and efficiency of teaching.

On the Development of Learner Autonomy in Art Majors through Metacognitive Strategy Training

Learner autonomy is considered as one of the key educational goals in all the countries of the world since 1980s.In China,developing learner autonomy is particularly emphasized in College English Curriculum Requirements.Some researches have been made on developing learner autonomy,which seem to prove that the training of language learning strategies helps to develop learner autonomy.But because the traditional teaching method has been dominant in universities,college students,in particular art majors are passive and lose interests in English.Consequently,English teaching method must be reformed and learn er autonomy must be developed.In the relevant researches on learning strategy training and the development of learner autono my,the subjects are not involved in art majors.So the author tries to make a research in the field by combining with her teaching experience.Developing learner autonomy in art majors through the training of metacognitive strategies may lay the basis for their future learning and development,which is important for the college English teaching of art majors.Key wrods:learner autonomy;art majors;metacognitive strategy

The Application of Modern Art Techniques in T.S. Eliot's The Waste Land

The literature in 20th century is mainly characterized by irrationalism presented in modernism. Under the background, this paper aims to explore how Eliot attempts to use modern art techniques in The Waste Land to reveal a real life to readers.

Novel Translation is an Art of Literary Re-creation——A Distinguished Art Feature in Chinese Version Tess of the D'urbervilles

Literary translation is the re-creation of the language art.To translate an English novel into Chinese one,translators need the skill of literature re-creation.Taking Zhang Guruo's translated version Tess of the D'urbervilles as an example,we perceive that translators have subjectivity and they should break the boundary between writing and translating.When a translator translates a piece of works,he must get rid of the constraint of the surface structures of the original works,and reproduces the flavor of the original novel.But the translators should try to show the original scenes in the original English novel to target readers.

Artistic Analysis of Ding’s Manor

Ding's Manor is a Hakka's folk dwelling characterized by both Hakka's cultures on the Central Plain and also cultures of north Sichuan, and a typical Hakka's architecture in Sichuan Province. Design of the manor concentrates rich cultures, arts and beliefs of the Hakka, thus exploration of Ding's Manor, specifically, its site layout showing Fengshui doctrines of the Hakka, architectural style and watchtower with strict structures, and exquisite decorative arts, show architectural technology and wisdom of the Hakka, and also artistic characteristics of the Hakka's folk dwellings in a certain historical environment, which provides a favorable reference for the construction of modern folk dwellings.

S7-200 SM ART在化成生产线上的应用

设计了基于S7-200 SMART的化成生产线监控系统,介绍了系统架构、硬件选型及软件设计方案。在通信方面,S7-200 SMART通过自由口通讯的方式采集一条生产线上的所有仪表的数据,然后再通过工业以太网的方式把所有生产线的数据传送到上位机,实现了现场数据的实时监控。经现场长时间运行,系统运行稳定、高效,很好地满足了客户需求。

Fostering Learner Autonomy by Developing Learners'Strategies in The Classroom

This paper intends to discuss how to develop the learners'autonomous English learning abilities through strategy teaching.The problems of learning strategies were analyzed.Developing learners'strategies through classroom teaching is an efficient way to foster learner autonomy.The results prove that using the content of regular classroom teaching,which is a meaning ful context for the development of responsibility,can not only enhance the learning effect,but also save time for strategy training.The teacher's guiding role in autonomous learning should never be ignored.Developing autonomous English learning in voca tional colleges in China is a long-term pedagogical goal.

The Lack of the Frame and Transformations of the Concept of Art

The frame should not only be regarded as an external physical framework of artworks, but also the boundary mark of identifying the art and reality. Within classical space contained by the frame, the values of reason, order, and clarity work to achieve a coherent picture space uniting, through the agency of the frame and the space represented with the space occupied by the beholder. The resistance on ＂frame despotism＂ and ＂dismemberment＂ of picture by avant-garde artist exposes the illusory reality created by perspective and verisimilitude, which deconstructs the false aesthetic relationship of frame and picture. Analysis on frame by modernist art builds its art value

Gardening Art of Gu Dongyang's Memorial Temple in Wuxi City,Jiangsu Province

On the basis of explaining goals of building temple gardens,Gu Dongyang’s Memorial Temple in Wuxi City was taken for example to analyze its gardening arts from the perspective of water layout,stone layout,building and plant design,and elaborate its cultural connotations from decorative symbols of its architectural components.It was concluded that Gu Dongyang’s Memorial Temple,in spite of its small size and plain style,had profound historical background and high referential value for furthering the study on temple gardens in the south of the Yangtze River.

Effects of Women’s Autonomy and Male Involvement on Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) Service Utilization in Uttar Pradesh

Introduction: Effective utilization of reproductive and child health (RCH) services is important to reduce morbidity and mortality among mothers as well as children under-five. After International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), 1994 India has increasingly integrated male participation in women’s reproductive health to improve the women’s health care during pregnancy and child birth. This study examined effect of women’s autonomy and male involvement on RCH services utilization in Uttar Pradesh State of India. Methodology: State level data of Uttar Pradesh from National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), India for currently married women and men aged 15 - 49 years was considered. The study was restricted to couples whose youngest child was born during the three years preceding the survey (N = 2685). Pearson chi-square test was used to determine the association of background characteristics with woman’s autonomy and male involvement in RCH utilization. Logistic regression was used to understand the effects of male involvement and women’s autonomy, using both computed indices after controlling for socio-economic and background characteristics of women and their husbands. Subsequently, the exercise was extended using individual component of both the indices. All findings were reported for 95% CI and p < 0.05. Results: Findings show that except religion, other socio-economic and demographic variables such as age of women, place of residence, number of living children, caste/tribe, women’s work status, education, wealth index, household structure and exposure to mass media, husband’s age, education, and occupation were statistically significant and associated with women’s autonomy and male involvement. Multivariate analysis indicated women’s autonomous decision making and support from their husbands (male involvement) significantly influenced their utilization of RCH services after controlling for all socio-economic and demographic variables. Conclusion: To improve RCH service utilization and overall health status of women and children male involvement and women’s autonomous decision-making should be addressed in all future RCH programs in the State.

Hu Foods and Production Methods in Qimin Yaoshu( Important Arts for the People's Welfare)

Qimin Yaoshu( Important Arts for the People's Welfare) made a detailed record of the diet and its production methods in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River during the Wei Dynasty.Hu foods are important parts in the book.Hu foods recorded in Important Arts for the People's Welfare mainly include cheese products,cake products,and dish products.These contents not only reflect the exchange of diet culture between different nationalities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River during this period,but also reflect the breadth and depth of ethnic exchanges and integration in this period.

基于创新应用能力培养的S.M.ART艺术工作室教学模式探究

主要创新点：工作室教学模式从最初几名教师的摸索,到名师、企业参与教学及创业项目的成功孵化,逐渐实现＂名师工作室＂＂企业工作室＂＂孵化工作室＂的功能完善和有效对接,将理论教学、实践教学、就业创业教育等＂单元模块＂系统集成为培养学生创新应用能力的有效整体。1.对接地域文化区域市场,服务苏州文化创意严业苏州文脉源远流长,依托鲜明的地域文化优势,名师工作室开设吴文化特色课程,

Negotiations of the ＂Female Gaze＂： Film Theory and Practice in Polish Women＇s Art and Cinema＊

The paper discusses selected works of Polish women artists and directors who employ various forms of audiovisual presentation： film, video art, and new media. The author wrote it from the perspective of a film scholar whose interests focus on women directors and problems of cultural and gender identity in the contemporary cinema. Nevertheless, she decided to expand her research area to include works of Polish female artists who utilise the media and these means of expression that can be analysed in regard to modern film studies. She adopted the theoretical, feminist, and gender perspective, also applying the methodology of cultural studies in their broadest definition. This enables the author to situate the movies under discussion in diverse contexts and theoretical concepts. The purpose of the paper is thus not to offer a comprehensive or historical discussion of women＇s input into audiovisual arts of Central and East European Countries, but to emphasise complexity and demonstrate dynamics of their artistic creativity in Poland particularly. In her analysis, Radkiewicz considers four different research approaches： historical, theoretical （which refers to film and media studies）, artistic, and identity related ones. From this perspective, she investigates filmmakers＇ and artists＇ strategies of using the cinematic field, film conventions, and means of representations, which are the foundation of their narrative expression.

Disclosure, Multiple Sex Partners, and Consistent Condom Use among HIV Positive Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy in Johannesburg, South Africa

Inconsistent condom use among persons on antiretroviral treatment (ART) is a major public health concern because of the risk of HIV transmission. This study examined the association between socio-demographic variables and knowing partners’ HIV status, multiple sex partners, and consistent condom use among 400 HIV-infected adults who had received ART for at least six months in Johannesburg, South Africa. The study used a cross-sectional survey and a structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Over half (n = 225, 56.3%) of participants were on ART for more than two years. Two thirds (n = 234, 63.2%) were aware of partner’s HIV status. Over a third (n = 136, 34.0%) reported having more than one sex partners. Three quarters (n = 279, 75.8%) reported consistent condom use with regular partner. Discussing HIV testing (aOR = 2.28, CI: 1.31 -3.95), awareness of partner’s HIV status (aOR = 2.59, CI: 1.50 -4.46), level of education (aOR = 0.64, CI: 0.42 -0.98), and duration on ART (aOR = 0.71, CI: 1.31 -3.95) were predictors for consistent condom use. Awareness of partner’s HIV status was associated with multiple partnership (aOR = 0.38, CI: 0.21 -0.66), living with partner (aOR = 4.75, CI: 2.86 -7.91), discussing HIV testing (aOR = 2.43, CI: 1.48 -3.99), and duration on ART (aOR = 2.04, CI: 1.43 -2.92). While gender (aOR = 5.68, CI: 3.46 -9.34), marital status (aOR = 0.44, CI: 0.25 -0.77), and awareness of partner’s HIV status (aOR = 0.52, CI: 0.30 -0.89) were associated with multiple partnerships. Risky sexual behaviours occurred in all types of partners and knowing partner’s HIV status was a predictor for consistent condom use with all types of partners. It is essential that HIV prevention strategies create an enabling environment for disclosure and reductions of risky sexual behaviours by HIV-infected persons on ART.

The Public Health VS the People＇s Autonomy： Banning Smoking in Orthodox Jewish Community

Smoking is a worldwide problem. Research in recent years has shown us that smoking and second hand smoking can cause many diseases1. As a result of the understanding of the results of smoking, the house of legislator in Israel decided to legislate a law that people under the age of 18 cannot smoke and, a couple of years later, it decided to ban smoking in public places. The problem begins when the law is affecting the person＇s autonomy and the person＇s culture. More than four decades ago when the smoking habit began in Israel, no one knew what the influence would be. Now, although that information is available, the orthodox community in Israel is not exposed to the knowledge. Smoking in this community begins from Purima or from the Bar-Mitzvah3 and from the will of the young orthodox to rebel. This law raises a question： Is it ethical to deprive the young orthodox of the right to smoke？ Alternatively, is there a better way to stop the orthodox from smoking than only the regulation？ In this paper, the author will try to show that regulation alone will not help in the orthodox community, and we need to think on more options to make the orthodox more informed to smoking problems. The author thinks that the best way will be to educate the orthodox community from young age.

Actresses, Gender, and 1920s Theater in China： A Discussion Concerning ＂Female Involvement in Art Performances＂

In 1923, Wu Ruiyan, a schoolgirl at the Beijing People＇s Art Drama School, starred in a play titled Hero and Beauty, written by Chert Dabei. This was the first joint performance of male and female performers in the history of Chinese drama. The incident immediately triggered a debate in the Morning Newspaper Supplement between a group of middle-class intellectuals concerning ＂female involvement in art performances＂. This paper sees the boom in female participation in politics in the 1920s, as well as the ＂improvement in traditional drama＂ during the early republican period in China as the reasons behind the discussion. This incident shows how the New Cultural Movement shaped intellectuals＇ views on females and art performances.

China Children’s Art Theatec

CHINA Chilren’s Art Thea-ter,located just off Wangfuj-ing Street in downtown Bei-jing,is the only state-level children’sart palace in China.It was built in1956.Kalimeris Flower,the first play toopen the theater,set a record for thelongest run in cnildren’s theater andbecame a milestone in the historyof moden children’s drama in newChina.Kalimeris Flower is a movingfairy tale of a boy living in

The Chinese-English Translation of Sun Tzu’s Art of War from the Perspective of Bourdieusian Sociology

The paper introduces the three core concepts of Bourdieu’s sociological theory and their application in translation studies.The paper then examines and discusses the English translation of The Art of War from Bourdieu’s sociological perspective and the perspective of ephemerality.A comprehensive and objective description of the different translations of the same original text in different historical periods,the strategies of the translators,and the social,historical and cultural factors affecting the translation process can lead to a deeper understanding and proper orientation of translation.