A Preliminary Investigation on the Effects of Velocity Information on Acoustic-to-Articulatory Inversion

Conventional acoustic-to-articulatory inversion methods usually train the mapping model by using maximum likelihood or least square criterion,which assumes all the articulatory channels are equally important.In this paper,the importance of each articulatory channel at each time instant is modeled as an exponential function of its velocity profile and incorporated into the conventional least square loss function.The loss function is applied to optimize a batch-normalized Deep Neural Network(DNN).The result shows that the DNN trained with proposed cost function outperforms the one trained with traditional cost function.

INCORPERATING ARTICULATORY VELOCITY INFORMATION IN ACOUSTIC-TO-ARTICULATORY INVERSION

Conventional acoustic-to-articulatory inversion methods usually train mappings by using maximum likelihood or least square criterion,which assume that all the articulatory channels are equally important.However,different articulatory channels play different roles in speech production.In this paper,to account for this in acoustic-to-articulatory inversion,the importance of each articulatory channel is modeled as an exponential function of its corresponding velocity profile,and incorporated into the conventional least square loss function.The proposed loss function is applied to optimize a batch normalized Deep Neural Network(DNN)for acoustic-to-articulatory inversion.The result indicates that the DNN trained with the proposed cost function outperforms the DNN trained with traditional cost function for most articulatory channels.

A Double-Interactively Recurrent Fuzzy Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller Model Combined with an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Method for Fall Detection

In many Eastern and Western countries,falling birth rates have led to the gradual aging of society.Older adults are often left alone at home or live in a long-term care center,which results in them being susceptible to unsafe events(such as falls)that can have disastrous consequences.However,automatically detecting falls fromvideo data is challenging,and automatic fall detection methods usually require large volumes of training data,which can be difficult to acquire.To address this problem,video kinematic data can be used as training data,thereby avoiding the requirement of creating a large fall data set.This study integrated an improved particle swarm optimization method into a double interactively recurrent fuzzy cerebellar model articulation controller model to develop a costeffective and accurate fall detection system.First,it obtained an optical flow(OF)trajectory diagram from image sequences by using the OF method,and it solved problems related to focal length and object offset by employing the discrete Fourier transform(DFT)algorithm.Second,this study developed the D-IRFCMAC model,which combines spatial and temporal(recurrent)information.Third,it designed an IPSO(Improved Particle Swarm Optimization)algorithm that effectively strengthens the exploratory capabilities of the proposed D-IRFCMAC(Double-Interactively Recurrent Fuzzy Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller)model in the global search space.The proposed approach outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods in terms of action recognition accuracy on the UR-Fall,UP-Fall,and PRECIS HAR data sets.The UCF11 dataset had an average accuracy of 93.13%,whereas the UCF101 dataset had an average accuracy of 92.19%.The UR-Fall dataset had an accuracy of 100%,the UP-Fall dataset had an accuracy of 99.25%,and the PRECIS HAR dataset had an accuracy of 99.07%.

Letters of the Hebrew Alphabet:As Sound Notation

While Bronze Age Proto-Sinaic and Proto-Canaanite syllabic inscriptions were found engraved on fragments of pottery and stone,evidence of early alphabetic script was also inscribed in ink onto a massive parchment scroll,known as the Torah.Albeit the contours of those original characters transformed over time,it took the clairvoyant genius of Moses,and later the scribes of Ancient Israel,to configure and adapt ancient semitic prototypes into phonetic letters,producing the greatest literary document in the history of the world,the Bible.This article summarizes the acoustic properties of that alphabet,with further historical considerations.

线上线下混合式编程教学研究与实践

线上线下混合式教学模式可以充分发挥面授教学和网络教学的优势。本文以Python学习为例,在信息科技课堂中探索基于交互式软件Articulate Storyline实现混合式教学的路径,对混合式教学实施过程进行设计,并在小学六年级展开实践,实践过后分别对线上线下学习的学生进行成绩分析和访谈,发现线上线下学习的学生并无显著性差异,表明该模式可以构建一种线上线下学习效果等同的环境。

ACOUSTIC AND ARTICULATORY ANALYSIS ON CHINESE AND JAPANESE VOWELS IN EMOTIONAL SPEECH

This research investigated the articulatory and acoustic cues of the emotional vowels from production/coding perspectives Chinese and Japanese emotional speech and EMA data were recorded.The acoustic and articulatory spaces of isolated vowels across different emotions were analyzed to understand the coding scheme in cross-cultural emotion production.The results suggest that,on the one hand,those two languages share some common features:(1) Significant differences of the acoustic space exist across emotions;(2) 'Sad' and 'Angry' vowels raise tongue position higher than other emotions;(3)The lip’s protrusion feature is shared by both 'Angry' and 'Sad' emotions,except[a]or[A].We suggested that the exception is caused by the increase of the mouth opening.The mouth opening and the degree of lip protrusion are a pair of complementary features.On the other hand,differences also exist between those two languages;(l)In Chinese,the acoustic space moves downwards with the increasing of emotion intensity;in Japanese,however, 'Angry' is characterized by a horizontally compressed acoustic space,and 'Sad' by a vertically compressed acoustic space.(2)In Chinese,emotional factors only cause tongue raising movement;in Japanese,emotional factors cause both tongue raising and significant tongue retraction,which can be enhanced by 'Angry' and 'Sad' emotions.

HIGH STRAIN RATE SU PERPLASTICITY IN SiCp REINFORCED AZ31 MAGNESIUM MATRIX COMPOSITE

Superplasticity of AZ 31 magnesium matrix composites reinforced with 10 vol% SiC（2 μm） particulate i s investigated at temperature range from 365℃ to 565℃ and strain rate from 2.0 8×10-3 to 5.21×10-1 s-1. The maximum total elongation of 228 % is obtained at a strain rate of 2.08×10-1 s-1. The strain rate se nsitivity exponent （m） higher than 0.3, is observed when the strain rate is high er than 10-1 s-1 at 525℃. Increasing the test temperature to 540℃, the maximum total elongation exceeding 195% is achieved at a higher strain rate of 5.21×10-1 s-1 than that at 525℃. SiC in AZ31/SiCp composite ca n fine the matrix grain size. Filament is observed on the fracture surface of th e specimens showing superplasticity.

术后发音矫治对嗓音显微手术治疗声带息肉发音功能的影响

嗓音显微手术是在手术显微镜下，应用先进的显微技术，在力求治愈疾病的同时最大限度的保护发音功能的一种喉内手术，切除病变与改善发音功能是嗓音显微手术的两个主要目的川。回顾性分析2006年7月-2006年12月随访3个月以上的80例经嗓音显微手术治疗的声带息肉患者，其中40例辅助术后嗓音矫治，所有患者均进行动态喉镜及嗓音声学分析以评价治疗效果。

主流快速课件工具对比及其发展趋势

目前Microsoft Power Point(PPT)在多媒体课件制作软件中占据了主导地位,但PPT课件用在基于网络化、数字化的教学中有着先天性不足。文章从多媒体元素、PPT兼容、平台(Flash vs Html 5)、技术的可用性和技术的教学性五个方面对基于PPT扩展应用的三款主流快速课件制作工具(Articulate Studio 13、i Spring Presenter 7、Adobe Presenter 9)进行了横向对比,分析了其制作网络化多媒体课件的优势,总结了快速课件制作的发展趋势,以期为创建适用于网络化、数字化教学需求的多媒体课件提供借鉴。

PCA-CMAC based machine performance degradation assessment

A principal component analysis-cerebellar model articulation controller （PCA-CMAC） model is proposed for machine performance degradation assessment.PCA is used to feature selection,which eliminates the redundant information among the features from the sensor signals and reduces the dimension of the input to CMAC.CMAC is used to assess degradation states quantitatively based on its local generalization ability.The implementation of the model is presented and the model is applied in a drilling machine to assess the states of the cutting tool. The results show that the model can assess the wear states quantitatively based on the normal state of the cutting tool.The influence of the quantization parameter g and the generalization parameter r in the CMAC model on the assessment results is analyzed.If g is larger,the generalization ability is better,but the difference of degradation states is not obvious.If r is smaller,the different states are distinct,but memory requirements for storing the weights are larger.The principle for selecting two parameters is that the memory storing the weights should be small while the degradation states should be easily distinguished.

电视话语与阶级斗争:斯图亚特·霍尔《编码/解码》的文本主题

霍尔在《编码/解码》一文中认为,由于编码和解码的非对称性,电视话语并不包含生产者所嵌入的内在固有意义,它系统性地扭曲现实,而并非透明地反映现实;电视话语的编码把宰制性意识形态自然化、合法化,但主导意义并不是单一的、也不是无挑战的,基于电视话语的语言学特性解码必然"失真"和"扭曲";文化与意识形态并不是从外部强加给从属阶级的,它是一个不断斗争和协商的据点,电视话语就是这种斗争的领地之一。霍尔《编码/解码》的文本思想对传媒研究和当代文化研究具有深远意义。

高职数学授课型互动式网络课件的设计与开发

当前,互联网内拥有大量的网络课程,但课程中互动式的设计显得不足,以致不能很好地促进学习效果。根据网络课程的制作原则,结合Articulate Storyline软件和ASP网页技术,进行教学设计和系统设计,强化数学网络课件的交互性设计,制作出高职数学授课型互动式网络课件,以提高教师教学和学生自学的效果。

微瓣技术治疗喉良性增生性病变

在发声障碍中，以声带息肉、任克水肿、声带囊肿、声带小结等喉良性增生性病变最常见，干扰正常工作与生活。微瓣技术完整切除病变同时，尽可能保留正常结构，最大可能恢复正常发音功能。

基于Articulate Storyline的微习题设计与开发

微习题是针对微课的学习目标,用于检测微课学习效果,并通过信息技术手段快捷反馈和评价的微小练习题目。文章分析了微习题的开发与应用现状,根据微课教学的三维目标、Articulate Storyline的优势、题型及特点,运用系统设计的理念,通过具体案例阐述了微习题的设计过程与技术实现方法,以期指导教师在开发设计微课的同时,开发具有交互性、适用性、简便性的微习题。

用Articulate Storyline制作网络多媒体课件的实践

利用Articulate Storyline软件制作可用于PC和移动端运行的网络多媒体课件,具有内容丰富、设计新颖、便于读者操作并能与读者有效互动等特点,是传统教学模式的有效补充。

钢琴作品中连线的表现意义

连线是钢琴作品中最常见的符号之一，但在不同时期、不同作曲家的作品中，连线却有着不同的表现意义。本文试图通过实例分析及对历史的梳理，厘清连线复杂的表现意义，以期对理论分析和演奏实践产生有益的作用。

数字化时代的结构性能化建筑设计

在传统意义上,建筑设计对结构性能方面的考虑比较被动,建筑师往往依赖结构工程师的计算、验证和评估来处理结构性能问题,以满足结构设计的法规和要求。近十年来,由于计算机技术和快速成型技术的发展,建筑的结构性能可以被模拟、分析和优化。基于结构性能的建筑设计方法,使建筑师能够借助计算机结构性能模型,对建筑的材料特性、几何特性和建造逻辑进行分析、控制和优化,从而在设计的初始阶段和完善过程中主动考虑结构性能，更加合理地创造建筑形式并提高项目的完成度。

五款快制课件工具的比较研究

快制课件了缩短教材开发时间，使得E-learning更具时效性和经济性，近年来在E—learning行业发展迅速。随着快制课件的兴起，快制谏件工具的市场也竞相开放。面对不同功能、特点的软件，如何选择合适的工具成为很多课件开发者需要解决的问题。该文介绍了AdobeCaptivate、Articulate、CourseLab、Lectora、ToolBook五款主流快制课件工具，并从发布形式、软件符合的E—learning行业标准、价格、支持的媒体格式、能反馈的测验信息、课件模板、文字和图片的动画效果以及交互种类八个重要性能对它们进行了分析和比较，为软件使用决策提供参考。

Method for Analyzing Articulated Torques of Heavy-duty Six-legged Robot

The accuracy of an articulated torque analysis influences the comprehensive performances of heavy-duty multi-legged robots. Currently, the extremal estimation method and some complex methods are employed to calculate the articulated torques, which results in a large safety margin or a large number of calculations. To quickly obtain accurate articulated torques, an analysis method for the articulated torque is presented for an electrically driven heavy-duty six-legged robot. First, the rearmost leg that experiences the maximum normal contact force is confirmed when the robot transits a slope. Based on the ant-type and crab-type tripod gaits, the formulas of classical mechanics and MATLAB software are employed to theoretically analyze the relevant static torques of the joints. With the changes in the joint angles for the abductor joint, hip joint, and knee joint, variable tendency charts and extreme curves are obtained for the static articulated torques. Meanwhile, the maximum static articulated torques and the corresponding poses of the robot are also obtained. According to the poses of the robot under the maximum static articulated torques, ADAMS software is used to carry out a static simulation analysis. Based on the relevant simulation curves of the articulated torques, the maximum static articulated torques are acquired. A comparative analysis of the maximum static articulated torques shows that the theoretical calculation values are higher than the static simulation values, and the maximum error value is approximately 10%. The proposed method lays a foundation for quickly determining accurate articulated torques to develop heavy-duty six-legged robots.

Realization of orientation interpolation of 6-axis articulated robot using quaternion

In general, the orientation interpolation of industrial robots has been done based on Euler angle system which can result in singular point （so-called Gimbal Lock）. However, quaternion interpolation has the advantage of natural （specifically smooth） orientation interpolation without Gimbal Lock. This work presents the application of quatemion interpolation, specifically Spherical Linear IntERPolation （SLERP）, to the orientation control of the 6-axis articulated robot （RS2） using LabVIEW and RecurDyn. For the comparison of SLERP with linear Euler interpolation in the view of smooth movement （profile） of joint angles （torques）, the two methods are dynamically simulated on RS2 by using both LabVIEW and RecurDyn. Finally, our original work, specifically the implementation of SLERP and linear Euler interpolation on the actual robot, i.e. RS2, is done using LabVIEW motion control tool kit. The SLERP orientation control is shown to be effective in terms of smooth joint motion and torque when compared to a conventional （linear） Euler interpolation.