Spontaneous Infection of Ascites Fluid at the National and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga in Cotonou: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Background: Spontaneous ascites fluid infection (SAFI) is an extremely serious and frequently encountered complication in cirrhotic patients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of SAFI and the factors associated with it in the largest hospital in Cotonou. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study conducted from January 2013 to July 2019, at the National and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM) in Cotonou, Benin. All patients followed in the University Clinic of Hepato-Gastroenterology and diagnosed with SAFI were included. Results: Eighty-two patients were included, predominantly males (69.5%), with a mean age of 51.5 ± 14.5 years. Among them, 32 had SAFI, i.e., a prevalence of 39%. Of the 32 cases of SAFI, the culture of ascites fluid was positive in 6 cases (18.7%). The most frequent germ found in SAFI was Escherichia coli (5 patients, 83.3%). The factors associated with SAFI in this study were: abdominal pain (p = 0.004), increased bilirubinemia (p = 0.009), decreased prothrombin level 20 (p = 0.001). Conclusion: SAFI was common in cirrhotic patients in the department. Certain clinical and paraclinical factors were associated with it, as was the severity of cirrhosis. Early diagnosis and aetiological management of cirrhosis could reduce its frequency.

Clinical study on the relationship between liver cirrhosis,ascites,and hyponatremia

BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is a common liver disease,and ascites is one of the common clinical conditions.However,the clinical manifestations of ascites combined with hyponatremia as a high-risk condition and its relationship to patient prognosis have not been fully studied.AIM To explore the clinical manifestations,prognostic factors,and relationships of ascites with hyponatremia in patients with cirrhosis to provide better diagnostic and treatment strategies.METHODS In this study,we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 150 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis and ascites between 2017 and 2022.Patients were divided into two groups:ascites combined with hyponatremia group and ascites group.We compared the general characteristics,degree of hyponatremia,complications,treatment,and prognosis between the two groups.RESULTS In the study results,patients in the ascites combined with hyponatremia group showed an older average age(58.2±8.9 years),64.4%were male,and had a significantly longer hospitalization time(12.7±5.3 d).Hyponatremia was more severe in this group,with a mean serum sodium concentration of 128.5±4.3 mmol/L,which was significantly different from the ascites group of 137.6±2.1 mmol/L.Patients with ascites and hyponatremia were more likely to develop hepatic encephalopathy(56.2%vs 39.0%),renal impairment(45.2%vs 28.6%)and infection(37.0%vs 23.4%).Regarding treatment,this group more frequently used diuretics(80.8%vs 62.3%)and salt supplements(60.3%vs 38.9%).Multiple logistic regression analysis identified older age[Odds ratio(OR)=1.06,P=0.025]and male gender(OR=1.72,P=0.020)as risk factors for hyponatremia combined with ascites.Overall,patients with ascites and hyponatremia present a clear high-risk status,accompanied by severe complications and poor prognosis.CONCLUSION In patients with cirrhosis,ascites with hyponatremia is a high-risk condition that is often associated with severe complications.

Correlation between serum markers and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt prognosis in patients with cirrhotic ascites

BACKGROUND Individuals with refractory ascites in the context of liver cirrhosis typically face an adverse prognosis.The transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is an efficacious intervention,but there is a lack of reliable tools for postoperative pro-gnosis assessment.Previously utilized clinical biochemical markers,such as the serum albumin concentration(Alb),sodium(Na+)concentration,and serum creatinine(Scr),have limited predictive value.Therefore,the quest for novel,specific biomarkers to evaluate the post-TIPS prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis and refractory ascites holds significant practical importance.A retrospective analysis was conducted on 75 patients with liver cirrhosis and refractory ascites who underwent TIPS at our institution from August 2019 to August 2021.These patients were followed up regularly for two years,and the death toll was meticulously documented.The patients were allocated into a survival group(n=45 patients)or a deceased group(n=30 patients)based on their prognosis status.The clinical data of the two groups were collected,and Child-Pugh scores and MELD scores were calculated for analysis.Spearman correlation analysis was carried out to evaluate the correlation of prognosis with Child-Pugh grade,MELD score,and Cys C level.Additionally,a multiple-factor analysis utilizing the Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify independent risk factors affecting the post-TIPS prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis and refractory ascites.The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)ascertained the predictive value of the Cys C concen-tration,Child-Pugh grade,and MELD score for the prognosis of liver cirrhosis with refractory ascites in post-TIPS patients.RESULTS During a 2-year follow-up period,among 75 patients with liver cirrhosis and refractory ascites who underwent TIPS treatment,30 patients(40.00%)passed away.The deceased cohort exhibited heightened aspartate aminotrans-ferase,alanine aminotransferase,total bilirubin,Scr,prothrombin time,Cys C,international normalized ratio,Child-Pugh,and MELD scores compared to those of the survival cohort,while Alb and Na+levels were attenuated in the deceased group(P<0.05).Spearman analysis revealed moderate to high positive correlations between prognosis and Child-Pugh score,MELD score,and Cys C level(r=0.709,0.749,0.671,P<0.05).Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model demonstrated that the independent risk factors for post-TIPS prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis and refractory ascites were Cys C(HR=3.802;95%CI:1.313-11.015),Child-Pugh(HR=3.030;95%CI:1.858-4.943),and MELD(HR=1.222;95%CI:1.073-1.393)scores.ROC analysis confirmed that,compared to those of the classic prognostic models for Child-Pugh and MELD scores,the predictive accuracy of Cys C for post-TIPS prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis and refractory ascites was slightly lower.This analysis yielded sensitivity and specificity values of 83.33%and 82.22%,respectively.The area under the curve value at this juncture was 0.883,with an optimal cutoff value set at 1.95 mg/L.CONCLUSION Monitoring the serum Cys C concentration is valuable for assessing the post-TIPS prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis and refractory ascites.Predictive models based on serum Cys C levels,as opposed to Scr levels,are more beneficial for evaluating the condition and prognosis of patients with ascites due to cirrhosis.

Prevalence and risk factors of lymphatic dysfunction in cirrhosis patients with refractory ascites:An often unconsidered mechanism

BACKGROUND The lymphatic system is crucial in maintaining the body fluid homeostasis.A dysfunctional lymphatic system may contribute to the refractoriness of ascites and edema in cirrhosis patients.Therefore,assessment of lymphatic dysfunction in cirrhosis patients with refractory ascites(RA)can be crucial as it would call for using different strategies for fluid mobilization.AIM To assessing the magnitude,spectrum,and clinical associations of lymphatic dysfunction in liver cirrhosis patients with RA.METHODS This observational study included 155 consecutive cirrhosis patients with RA.The presence of clinical signs of lymphedema,such as peau d’orange appearance and positive Stemmer sign,intestinal lymphangiectasia(IL)on duodenal biopsy seen as dilated vessels in the lamina propria with strong D2-40 immunohistochemistry,and chylous ascites were used to diagnose the overt lymphatic dysfunctions.RESULTS A total of 69(44.5%)patients out of 155 had evidence of lymphatic dysfunction.Peripheral lymphedema,found in 52(33.5%)patients,was the most common manifestation,followed by IL in 42(27.0%)patients,and chylous ascites in 2(1.9%)patients.Compared to patients without lymphedema,those with lymphedema had higher mean age,median model for end-stage liver disease scores,mean body mass index,mean ascitic fluid triglyceride levels,and proportion of patients with hypoproteinemia(serum total protein<5 g/dL)and lymphocytopenia(<15%of total leukocyte count).Patients with IL also had a higher prevalence of lymphocytopenia and hypoproteinemia(28.6%vs.9.1%,P=0.004).Seven(13%)patients with lymphedema had lower limb cellulitis compared to none in those without it.On multivariate regression analysis,factors independently associated with lymphatic dysfunction included obesity[odds ratio(OR):4.2,95%confidence intervals(95%CI):1.1–15.2,P=0.027],lymphocytopenia[OR:6.2,95%CI:2.9–13.2,P<0.001],and hypoproteinemia[OR:3.7,95%CI:1.5–8.82,P=0.003].CONCLUSION Lymphatic dysfunction is common in cirrhosis patients with RA.Significant indicators of its presence include hypoproteinemia and lymphocytopenia,which are likely due to the loss of lymphatic fluid from the circulation.Future efforts to mobilize fluid in these patients should focus on methods to improve lymphatic drainage.

Efficacy of Bispecific Antibody Targeting EpCAM and CD3 for Immunotherapy in Ovarian Cancer Ascites:An Experimental Study

Objective This study aimed to explore the value of M701,targeting epithelial cell adhesion molecule(EpCAM)and CD3,in the immunotherapy of ovarian cancer ascites by the in vitro assay.Methods The expression of EpCAM in ovarian cancer tissues was analyzed by databases.The EpCAM expression and immune cell infiltration in different foci of ovarian cancer were detected by 8-channel flow cytometry.The toxic effect of M701 on OVCAR3 was tested using the in vitro cytotoxicity assay.The 3D cell culture and drug intervention experiments were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of M701 in ovarian cancer specimens.Flow cytometry was used to examine the effect of M701 on the binding of immune cells to tumor cells and the activation capacity of T cells.Results The results of the bioinformatic analysis showed that the expression of EpCAM in ovarian cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal ovarian tissue.The 8-channel flow cytometry of clinical samples showed that the EpCAM expression and lymphocyte infiltration were significantly heterogeneous among ovarian cancer patients and lesions at different sites.The in vitro experiment results showed that M701 had a significant killing effect on OVCAR3 cells.M701 also obviously killed primary tumor cells derived from some patients with ovarian cancer ascites.M701 could mediate the binding of CD3^(+)T cells to EpCAM^(+)tumor cells and induce T cell activation in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion M701 showed significant inhibitory activity on tumor cells derived from ovarian cancer ascites,which had a promising application in immunotherapy for patients with ovarian cancer ascites.

Refractory Ascites Revealing an Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumor with Intraperitoneal Rupture

Yolk sac tumors of the ovary are rare entities that account for 2% - 5% of all ovarian tumors. They represent the second most common histological variant of malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary after dysgerminomas. Yolk sac tumors are most commonly encountered in women in the second and third decades. Microscopically, they are highly polymorphic and can present in a pure form or associated with another contingent of germ cell tumor. We report the case of a 26-year-old woman, who underwent surgery for a large right ovarian tumor rupturing into the peritoneal cavity. The ovarian tumor was revealed by ascites of great abundance and abdomino-pelvic pain. On histological examination, the diagnosis of yolk sac tumor in its pure and polyvesicular vitelline pattern was made. Through this observation, we propose to discuss the anatomoclinical particularities of these tumors by emphasizing the importance of histology for the diagnosis as well as the need of an early and appropriate management.

Polyneuropathy organomegaly endocrinopathy M-protein and skin changes syndrome with ascites as an early-stage manifestation:A case report

BACKGROUND Polyneuropathy organomegaly endocrinopathy M-protein and skin changes(POEMS)syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome caused by a potential plasma cell tumor.The clinical manifestations of POEMS syndrome are diverse.Due to the insidious onset and lack of specific early-stage manifestations,POEMS syndrome is easily misdiagnosed or never diagnosed,leading to delayed treatment.Neurological symptoms are usually the first clinical manifestation,while ascites is a rare symptom in patients with POEMS syndrome.CASE SUMMARY A female patient presented with unexplained ascites as an initial symptom,which is a rare early-stage manifestation of the condition.After 1 year,the patient gradually developed progressive renal impairment,anemia,polyserosal effusion,edema,swollen lymph nodes on the neck,armpits,and groin,and decreased muscle strength of the lower extremities.The patient was eventually diagnosed with POEMS syndrome after multidisciplinary team discussion.Treatment comprised bortezomib+dexamethasone,continuous renal replacement therapy,chest and abdominal closed drainage,transfusions of erythrocytes and platelets,and other symptomatic and supportive treatments.The patient’s condition initially improved after treatment.However,then her symptoms worsened,and she succumbed to the illness and died.CONCLUSION Ascites is a potential early manifestation of POEMS syndrome,and this diagnosis should be considered for patients with unexplained ascites.Furthermore,multidisciplinary team discussion is helpful in diagnosing POEMS syndrome.

Exploring the mechanism of action and efficacy of Shi-Pi-San in the treatment of ascites in cirrhosis based on intestinal microbiota

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of action and efficacy of Shi-Pi-San(SPS)in the treatment of cirrhotic ascites based on intestinal flora and to provide new ideas for clinical research.Methods:We searched PubMed,CNKI,Wanfang and Wipu Chinese journal databases to collect randomized controlled trials of SPS in the treatment of cirrhotic ascites,extracted relevant data,and summarized them to analyze the relationship between intestinal flora and cirrhotic ascites.Results:The disorder of intestinal flora can lead to cirrhotic ascites,and the treatment of cirrhotic ascites with SPS has good efficacy,and SPS has positive effects in improving the status of intestinal flora,increasing the abundance of flora and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria.Conclusion:SPS has good long-term efficacy in the treatment of cirrhotic ascites,but the side effects and dosage criteria have not been extensively studied in clinical practice.

补肾固胎方联合黄体酮注射液治疗肾虚型早期先兆流产疗效及对妊娠激素水平和Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响

目的 观察补肾固胎方联合黄体酮注射液治疗肾虚型早期先兆流产疗效及对妊娠激素水平和Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响。方法 采用随机数字表法将符合入选标准的120例肾虚型早期先兆流产患者分为观察组和对照组。对照组予黄体酮注射液治疗,观察组同联合补肾固胎方治疗。连续治疗2周后,比较两组中医证候积分(妊娠期阴道流血、小腹坠胀或疼痛、腰酸痛、膝关节酸软)、妊娠激素水平[雌二醇(Estradiol, E_(2))、人绒毛膜促性腺激素(Human chorionic gonadotropin, β-HCG)、孕酮(Progesterone, P)]、Th1/Th2细胞因子[白细胞介素2(interleukin-2,IL-2)、白细胞介素4(interleukin-4,IL-4)、γ干扰素(Interferon-γ,INF-γ)]改善情况,统计两组治疗总有效率、妊娠结局及不良反应发生率。结果 两组治疗后妊娠期阴道流血、小腹坠胀或疼痛、腰酸痛、膝关节酸软积分,IL-2、INF-γ水平均低于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组治疗后以上中医证候积分和IL-2、INF-γ水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后IL-4水平均高于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组治疗后IL-4水平高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组总有效率为(91.7%,55/60),高于对照组(75.0%,45/60)(P<0.05);观察组足月分娩率为(85.0%,51/60),高于对照组(56.7%,34/60)(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率为3.3%,低于对照组(25.0%)(P<0.05)。结论 补肾固胎方联合黄体酮注射液能够有效调节肾虚型早期先兆流产患者妊娠激素水平和Th1/Th2细胞因子水平,纠正免疫功能紊乱,降低患者流产率,提高足月妊娠率,改善妊娠结局。

中医药调控白癜风Th17/Treg细胞失衡的研究进展

白癜风是一种临床常见的慢性炎症性色素脱失性皮肤疾病,在世界范围内的患病率约为0.5%~2%^([1])。目前对于本病的发病机制尚不清楚,有多种学术假说被提出来进行解释,如氧化应激理论、神经体液假说等,但是自身免疫学说是最被认可的一种,同时动物模型和人体研究也都强调了免疫系统在白癜风中的重要作用^([2-4])。皮肤作为人体最大的器官,是机体抵御外来感染的第一道防线。

中医药对变应性鼻炎Th细胞因子影响的研究进展

变应性鼻炎(Allergic rhinitis,AR)是一种IgE介导的鼻黏膜炎症性疾病,由草花粉、树木、杂草花粉霉菌、尘螨和动物皮屑等空气变应原诱发。AR的特征是流涕、阵发性打喷嚏、鼻痒、鼻塞和流泪等症状^([1])。AR可根据病因分为常年AR和季节性AR,因为暴露于季节性过敏原后会出现季节性症状,这些症状在春季、夏季和秋季达到高峰^([2])。AR影响全球10%~30%的人口,且其患病率仍在上升,其中约67%的病例由草花粉和尘螨过敏组成^([3-4])。目前,西医对本病的干预手段大多选择药物治疗或免疫疗法,但药物治疗不良反应较大,患者依从性较差,且远期疗效欠佳;而免疫疗法费用昂贵,不易推广使用。近年,中医药疗法在本病的治疗中发挥出愈加重要的治疗作用,且绿色安全、患者接受度更高,对患者的临床症状、生活质量及各项免疫因子均有较为理想的改善作用。现综述近年来中医药对AR免疫因子影响的研究进展,以期为中医药在AR及其他变态反应性疾病领域的应用提供参考。

Th17/Treg、Th1/Th2联合NEWS2评分预测肺炎病情进展效能研究

目的研究辅助性T淋巴细胞17/调节性T淋巴细胞(Th17/Treg)、辅助性T淋巴细胞1/辅助性T淋巴细胞2(Th1/Th2)联合国家早期预警评分2(NEWS2)预测肺炎病情进展的效能。方法选取2020年4月—2023年3月收治的105例肺炎,根据病情进展情况分为未进展组、进展组,比较2组Th17/Treg、Th1/Th2、NEWS2评分,采用多因素Logistic回归分析建立多指标联合预测肺炎病情进展的模型,使用Stata 10.0软件确定最佳截断值及该位置的预测准确度,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,用曲线下面积(AUC)评价各协变量及联合预测因子预测肺炎病情进展的效能。结果进展组Th17/Treg、NEWS2评分高于未进展组,Th1/Th2低于未进展组(P<0.01);Th17/Treg、NEWS2评分升高是肺炎病情进展的独立危险因素,Th1/Th2升高是肺炎病情进展的独立保护因素(P<0.01);将原始协变量拟合,生成新联合预测因子New-pre,其最佳截断值为0.102,此时预测准确率为97.00%;绘制ROC曲线显示,New-pre预测肺炎病情进展的AUC(0.916)高于Th17/Treg(0.704)、Th1/Th2(0.747)、NEWS2评分(0.819)(P<0.05)。结论肺炎病情进展患者Th17/Treg、NEWS2评分升高,Th1/Th2降低,三者联合可作为预测个体病情进展定量方案,可为临床治疗、病情进展评估提供参考依据。

清热化瘀方调控Th17对小鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的 探索清热化瘀方通过调控T辅助细胞17(Th17)对小鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤(I/R)的影响。方法 45只小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和清热化瘀方低、中、高剂量组(13、26、52 g/kg),各组小鼠灌胃给予不同剂量清热化瘀方或蒸馏水7 d,通过左冠状动脉结扎30 min再灌注24 h建立心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型。术后24 h采用心脏超声检测心功能,HE染色观察心脏组织病理改变,TTC染色观察心脏梗死面积,试剂盒检测血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、白介素17(IL-17)和白介素6(IL-6)水平,Western blot和RT-qPCR法检测心脏组织中RORγt mRNA和蛋白表达,流式细胞术检测外周血中Th17、Treg和Th17/Treg细胞比例。结果 与模型组比较,清热化瘀方组小鼠心功能提高,梗死面积减少,Th17细胞比例降低,促炎因子IL-17和IL-6水平降低,Th17/Treg动态平衡得到恢复(P<0.05)。结论 清热化瘀方可通过调节Th17恢复Th17/Treg稳态,从而减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤。

基于正邪理论探讨Th17/Treg细胞在慢性心衰中的作用

慢性心力衰竭是多种心血管疾病的终末期阶段,心肌损伤后,免疫介导的Th17、Treg细胞在心衰的发病机制具有关键作用,通过分泌炎症因子,导致心肌纤维化、心室重塑。中医正邪理论内涵丰富,对于认识Th17/Treg细胞与心衰的发展及相互作用具有指导意义,隶属于正邪理论范畴,即Th17/Treg细胞平衡,有利于维持机体的免疫平衡,属于“正气”范畴;Th17/Treg细胞失衡可能破坏机体内环境的稳定,导致免疫异常,促进疾病的发生,属于“邪气”范畴。基于此,作者以正邪理论为切入点,从宏观、微观角度来阐述Th17/Treg细胞在慢性心力衰竭发展中的作用,提出心衰早期,正虚为主,邪实为辅;心衰中期,正虚邪实;心衰晚期,邪实为主,正虚为辅;心衰终末期,正虚为主。临床通过扶正祛邪,调整机体正邪平衡,恢复机体Th17/Treg细胞的动态平衡,以期为中医理论阐述Th17/Treg在心衰的发展作用的现代研究奠定基础,为心衰的诊治提供新的理论依据。

芍药苷对慢性支气管炎模型大鼠Th17及Treg细胞亚群的影响

目的:探究芍药苷对慢性支气管炎(CB)大鼠Th17、Treg细胞亚群、肺功能的影响以及药理作用。方法:将SD大鼠采用复合诱导法建立CB模型,随机分成CB组(生理盐水)、低剂量芍药苷组(50 mg/kg)、中剂量芍药苷组(100 mg/kg)、高剂量芍药苷组(200 mg/kg)和核酪组(阳性对照,核酪口服液),10只;另设对照组(生理盐水)10只,造模后按照分组灌胃2 ml/100 g相应药物。给药完成后,观察大鼠一般情况并进行肺功能及血气分析;HE染色观察肺组织形态;流式细胞仪检测大鼠肺组织CD4^(+)T、CD8^(+)T、Th17(CD4^(+)IL-17^(+)T)、Treg(CD4^(+)CD25^(+)FOXP3^(+)T)细胞;ELISA法检测肺组织中IL-10、IL-22、IL-17水平。结果:CB组大鼠活动迟缓,毛色暗淡,身体卷缩,伴咳嗽、鼻腔潮湿,肺组织可见淋巴细胞浸润、支气管壁变形、黏膜阻塞等病变;芍药苷各组及核酪组上述症状及损伤不同程度缓解,高剂量组最轻。与对照组比较,CB组气道阻力、动脉血二氧化碳分压(Pa‐CO_(2))、IL-17、IL-22水平及CD4^(+)T、CD8^(+)T、Th17细胞、Th17/Treg、CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T均升高,动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、IL-10水平及Treg细胞均降低(P均<0.05);与CB组比较,低、中、高剂量芍药苷组气道阻力、PaCO_(2)、IL-17、IL-22水平及CD4^(+)T、CD8^(+)T、Th17细胞、Th17/Treg、CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T水平依次降低,PaO_(2)、IL-10水平及Treg细胞依次升高(P均<0.05);中剂量芍药苷组气道阻力等以上指标与核酪组相比差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论:芍药苷可调节T淋巴细胞活化,减少Th17细胞分化,增加Treg细胞分化,减轻CB大鼠炎症水平及肺损伤。

原发性肝癌患者TACE术后Th1/Th2细胞因子、VEGFR水平变化及其临床意义

目的探究原发性肝癌患者经肝动脉插管化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗后Th1/Th2细胞因子、血管内皮生长因子受体(VEGFR)水平变化及其临床意义。方法选取接受TACE术治疗的原发性肝癌患者92例,根据治疗效果将完全缓解、部分缓解者纳入有效组(n=50),将疾病进展、疾病稳定者纳入无效组(n=42)。比较2组患者的一般临床资料及术前、术后血清Th1/Th2细胞因子水平[白介素-2(IL-2)、白介素-4(IL-4)、白介素-18(IL-18)]、VEGFR水平变化,采用Logistic回归模型进行分析上述指标与疗效的相关性,并通过ROC曲线预测分析上述指标术后水平对疗效的预测效能,比较各指标术后不同水平患者的无进展生存期差异。结果术后2组患者的IL-2、IL-4和VEGFR均较术前下降,且有效组显著低于无效组(P<0.05);术后2组患者的IL-18均较术前显著上升,且有效组显著高于无效组(P<0.05)。IL-2、IL-4、IL-18和VEGFR均与临床疗效具有显著相关性(P<0.05),ROC曲线显示,IL-2、IL-18、VEGFR的AUC值均有评估价值(P<0.05),而IL-4的ROC曲线AUC值评估价值不高(P>0.05)。IL-2、VEGFR高水平患者平均无进展生存期显著短于IL-2、VEGFR低水平患者(P<0.05),IL-18低水平患者无进展生存期显著短于IL-18高水平患者(P<0.05)。结论原发性肝癌患者在TACE术后Th1/Th2细胞因子免疫平衡得以纠正,VEGFR水平表现出下降,其中血清IL-2与VEGFR水平均与疗效及生存期密切相关,可在临床疗效及预后评估中提供参考。

二甲双胍联合炔雌醇环丙孕酮片对多囊卵巢综合征患者血清miR-124及Th1/Th2细胞因子平衡偏移的影响

目的探讨二甲双胍联合炔雌醇环丙孕酮片对多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)患者血清miR-124水平及Th1/Th2细胞因子平衡偏移的影响。方法纳入2022年1月至2023年2月在攀枝花市妇幼保健院接受治疗的200例PCOS患者,分为观察组(n=100)和对照组(n=100);观察组给予二甲双胍联合炔雌醇环丙孕酮片治疗,对照组给予炔雌醇环丙孕酮片治疗,连续治疗3个月;收集两组患者临床资料,治疗前后血脂[总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)]水平、空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)、空腹血清胰岛素(fins insulin,FINS)水平及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR);检测血清miR-124、白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-6、γ干扰素(interferon-γ,INF-γ)。结果治疗后观察组TG、TC、LDL-C水平显著降低(P<0.05);治疗后观察组TG、TC、LDL-C水平低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗前两组患者FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后观察组FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR水平显著降低(P<0.05);且治疗后观察组FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR水平低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗前两组患者IL-2、IL-6、INF-γ及miR-124水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后观察组IL-6、INF-γ水平低于治疗前,IL-2、miR-124水平高于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后观察组IL-6、INF-γ水平低于对照组,IL-2、miR-124水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论二甲双胍联合炔雌醇环丙孕酮片能够明显改善PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗,调节糖脂代谢,改善Th1/Th2细胞因子平衡偏移状态。

脑组织GDF-15水平与脑梗死大鼠血管新生以及Th1/Th2免疫平衡轴的关系

目的:探讨脑组织GDF-15水平与脑梗死大鼠血管新生以及Th1/Th2免疫平衡轴的关系。方法:45只雄性SD大鼠随机分为脑梗死模型组、假手术组以及正常对照组,15只/组。模型组采用线栓法建立脑梗死模型,假手术组仅暴露颈内动脉后直接缝合皮肤,建模成功后1周评估大鼠改良神经功能缺损(mNSS)评分。采用HE染色检测脑组织病理学变化情况,Western blot法检测大鼠脑组织中组织生长分化因子-15(GDF-15)蛋白水平,RTPCR测定脑组织中GDF-15 mRNA水平。采用ELISA法检测脑组织INF-γ、IL-4表达情况,采用Spearman相关性分析大鼠脑组织中GDF-15蛋白、mRNA表达水平分别与mNSS评分、微血管密度(MVD)、INF-γ/IL-4水平之间的相关性。结果:模型组大鼠mNSS评分明显高于假手术组和正常对照组(P<0.001),模型组脑梗死面积比为(24.45±4.15)%,假手术组和正常对照组未发现脑梗死区域。模型组大鼠脑组织GDF-15蛋白、mRNA、MVD、INF-γ/IL-4水平均明显高于假手术组和正常对照组(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析显示,模型组大鼠脑组织中GDF-15蛋白、mRNA表达水平分别与mNSS评分、MVD、INF-γ/IL-4水平呈正相关关系(P<0.001)。结论:脑梗死大鼠脑组织中GDF-15处于高表达状态,且与神经功能密切关联,其作用机制可能与血管新生以及调控Th1/Th2免疫平衡轴有关。

非小细胞肺癌患者Th17细胞、血清IL-17、MMP2的表达在临床病理分期及淋巴结转移的诊断价值

目的:探讨Th17细胞、血清白细胞介素-17 (IL-17)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP2)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)临床分期及淋巴结转移中的临床应用价值。方法:选取2022年11月~2023年10月入住于陕西省人民医院的42例NSCLC患者(NSCLC组)及40例肺良性病变患者(对照组),采用流式细胞术检测各组外周血Th17细胞水平,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清中IL-17和MMP2水平,评估这三个检测指标在NSCLC临床分期和淋巴结转移中的应用价值及三者联合检测的诊断效能。结果:NSCLC组中,与I~II期患者对比,III~IV期患者外周血Th17细胞水平明显增高,血清IL-17和MMP2水平也明显较高,差异均有统计学意义(均p < 0.05);NSCLC组中,淋巴结转移者Th细胞水平、血清IL-17和MMP-2水平与未转移者对比,明显较高,差异均有统计学意义(均p < 0.05);Th17,IL-17和MMP2三项联合检测准确度、特异度、灵敏度分别为95.71%,93.84%和97.22%,与单项检测对比,均明显较高,差异均有统计学意义(均p < 0.05)。结论:Th17细胞,IL-17和MMP2在NSCLC与NSCLC临床分期及淋巴结转移中有一定关联,三者联合检测,有助于NSCLC的鉴别诊断。

系统性红斑狼疮患者合并潜伏性结核感染危险因素及Treg、Th17的预测价值

探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者合并潜伏性结核感染(LTBI)的危险因素及调节性T细胞(Treg)、辅助性T细胞17(Th17)对SLE患者合并LTBI的预测价值。方法 本次研究为回顾性研究,收集2015年1月-2020年1月柳州市人民医院收治的288例SLE患者的临床资料,以是否合并有LTBI将患者分为研究组(n=96)和对照组(n=192)。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析SLE患者发生LTBI的危险因素;使用ROC曲线分析Treg、Th17及Th17/Treg对SLE患者合并LTBI的预测价值。结果 低淋巴细胞绝对值(OR=0.032,95%CI 0.002-0.456)、CD4+T细胞(OR=0.993,95%CI 0.986-1.000)、IgG(OR=0.015,95% CI 0.001-0.208)、IgA(OR0.001,95%CI 0.000-0.015)、IgM(OR=0.097,95% CI 0.010-0.964)、Th17(OR= 0.225,95% CI 0.062-0.822)和高Treg(OR=4.261,95%CI 1.291-14.069)是SLE患者合并LTBI的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。Treg、Th17、Th17/Treg预测SLE患者合并LTBI的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.857、0. 833、0.888,95% CI分别为0.807-0.906、0. 784 - 0. 882、0.846-0.930;三项指标联合检测的AUC为0. 921,95%CI为0.881-0.960。结论 淋巴细胞绝对值、CD4+T细胞、IgG、IgA、IgM是系统性红斑狼疮患者合并LTBI的影响因素,Treg、Th17对SLE患者合并LTBI的预测价值较高。