Secondary lignocellulosic biomass has proved to be useful as an energy source through its oxidation by means of combustion processes.In accordance with the above,in this paper,we wanted to study the ash from urban pru...Secondary lignocellulosic biomass has proved to be useful as an energy source through its oxidation by means of combustion processes.In accordance with the above,in this paper,we wanted to study the ash from urban pruning residues that are generated in cities in the Neotropics.Species such as Licania tomentosa,Azadirachta indica,Ficus benjamina,Terminalia catappa,Leucaena leucocephala,Prosopis juliflora and Pithecellobium dulce were selected because they have been previously studied and showed potential for thermal energy generation.These materials were calcined in an oxidizing atmosphere and characterized by X-ray diffraction and fluorescence,scanning electron microscopy with microchemistry,BET surface area,thermal gravimetric analysis,and differential scanning calorimetry.The pH and apparent density were also established.The results show high basicity materials(average pH 10),a behavior associated with the presence of chemical elements such as calcium,potassium,magnesium,chlorine,phosphorus,and sulfur.Structurally,these materials have a very significant amorphous fraction(between 49%and 74.5%),the dominant crystalline phases are calcite,arcanite,sylvite,and hydroxyapatite.These ashes have low surface area and do not exceed 13 m^(2)/g.Two characteristic morphological aspects were observed in these ashes:a morphology of rounded grains where silicon content is highlighted,and lamellar morphologies where the presence of chlorine is highlighted.Thermally,these ashes show four significant mass loss events(400℃,430℃,680℃,and 920℃),causing mass losses that vary between 25%and 40%.Through this study,it was possible to establish that,from a chemical point of view,these ashes are less dangerous in comparison with those of a mineral coal that was used as a reference.However,they require additional treatments for their disposal due to their high basicity.Because of their composition,these ashes have the potential to be used in the ceramic and cement industries,and in the manufacture of fertilizers.展开更多
炮制一般会对中药材的成分及药效产生重要作用,本文为了探讨炮制加工对肉苁蓉成分的影响,建立了同时测定炮制前后肉苁蓉中肉苁蓉苷F、毛蕊花糖苷、毛蕊花糖苷、2′-乙酰基毛蕊花糖苷和松果菊苷的含量的高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱...炮制一般会对中药材的成分及药效产生重要作用,本文为了探讨炮制加工对肉苁蓉成分的影响,建立了同时测定炮制前后肉苁蓉中肉苁蓉苷F、毛蕊花糖苷、毛蕊花糖苷、2′-乙酰基毛蕊花糖苷和松果菊苷的含量的高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱法(high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry,HPLC-QQQ-MS)的检测方法。采用50%甲醇溶液提取药物粉末,在Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C 18(2.1 mm×150 mm,1.8μm)的色谱柱上,以0.1%甲酸水(A)-乙腈(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,选取负离子多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)模式,以木通苯乙醇苷为内标成分,以进样量1μL,流速0.3 mL/min,柱温35℃,样品管理器温度8℃于HPLC-QQQ-MS进行同一批次炮制前后肉苁蓉中这五种成分的含量测定。结果显示5种成分在各自范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)在0.9929~0.9985之间,平均加样回收率在98.15%~100.2%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)小于4.6%。所建立的研究方法简便准确,可用于肉苁蓉的质量控制,并用于评价炮制对肉苁蓉含量及药效的影响。展开更多
background precipitation in Lijiang, China was investigated. Results showed that the chemical composition of atmospheric background precipitation mainly comes from fly ash and continental atmospheric transfer, and doe...background precipitation in Lijiang, China was investigated. Results showed that the chemical composition of atmospheric background precipitation mainly comes from fly ash and continental atmospheric transfer, and does not have any obvious correlation with oceanic aerosol, taking Amsterdam in the Pacific Ocean and St. Georges in the Atlantic Ocean and Katherine, Australia as examples for analysing.展开更多
To establish the chemical profile, and to evaluate the antibacterial and modulatory activity of the ethanolic extracts of the stalk’s inner bark and heartwood of Secondatia floribunda.MethodsQuantification of total p...To establish the chemical profile, and to evaluate the antibacterial and modulatory activity of the ethanolic extracts of the stalk’s inner bark and heartwood of Secondatia floribunda.MethodsQuantification of total phenols and flavonoids was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminum chloride, respectively. Phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diodearray Detector) and the Infrared Spectroscopy was performed using the measure by Attenuated Total Reflectance with Fourier Transform (ATR-FTIR). Antibacterial assays for determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and modification of aminoglycosides were performed by microdilution.ResultsInfrared spectra showed similar characteristics, having among its main absorption bands hydroxyl group (OH). The antibacterial activity showed clinically significant results for the strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In modulation assay, synergic and antagonistic effect for both extracts was observed. Heartwood extract in combination with antibiotics showed a significant MIC reduction at 19.8% (P < 0.000 1)-79.3% (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThis study is the first report of chemical and biological information of Secondatia floribunda suggesting that it is clinically relevant source of a new antibacterial therapy, especially due to the presence of significant levels of phenolic compounds.展开更多
基金Ministry of Science,Technology and Innovation of Colombia through the“Fondo Francisco Joséde Caldas”National Financing Fund for Science,Technology and Innovation for the financing provided for the development of the project (Project 120885272102,Call 852 of 2019).
文摘Secondary lignocellulosic biomass has proved to be useful as an energy source through its oxidation by means of combustion processes.In accordance with the above,in this paper,we wanted to study the ash from urban pruning residues that are generated in cities in the Neotropics.Species such as Licania tomentosa,Azadirachta indica,Ficus benjamina,Terminalia catappa,Leucaena leucocephala,Prosopis juliflora and Pithecellobium dulce were selected because they have been previously studied and showed potential for thermal energy generation.These materials were calcined in an oxidizing atmosphere and characterized by X-ray diffraction and fluorescence,scanning electron microscopy with microchemistry,BET surface area,thermal gravimetric analysis,and differential scanning calorimetry.The pH and apparent density were also established.The results show high basicity materials(average pH 10),a behavior associated with the presence of chemical elements such as calcium,potassium,magnesium,chlorine,phosphorus,and sulfur.Structurally,these materials have a very significant amorphous fraction(between 49%and 74.5%),the dominant crystalline phases are calcite,arcanite,sylvite,and hydroxyapatite.These ashes have low surface area and do not exceed 13 m^(2)/g.Two characteristic morphological aspects were observed in these ashes:a morphology of rounded grains where silicon content is highlighted,and lamellar morphologies where the presence of chlorine is highlighted.Thermally,these ashes show four significant mass loss events(400℃,430℃,680℃,and 920℃),causing mass losses that vary between 25%and 40%.Through this study,it was possible to establish that,from a chemical point of view,these ashes are less dangerous in comparison with those of a mineral coal that was used as a reference.However,they require additional treatments for their disposal due to their high basicity.Because of their composition,these ashes have the potential to be used in the ceramic and cement industries,and in the manufacture of fertilizers.
文摘炮制一般会对中药材的成分及药效产生重要作用,本文为了探讨炮制加工对肉苁蓉成分的影响,建立了同时测定炮制前后肉苁蓉中肉苁蓉苷F、毛蕊花糖苷、毛蕊花糖苷、2′-乙酰基毛蕊花糖苷和松果菊苷的含量的高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱法(high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry,HPLC-QQQ-MS)的检测方法。采用50%甲醇溶液提取药物粉末,在Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C 18(2.1 mm×150 mm,1.8μm)的色谱柱上,以0.1%甲酸水(A)-乙腈(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,选取负离子多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)模式,以木通苯乙醇苷为内标成分,以进样量1μL,流速0.3 mL/min,柱温35℃,样品管理器温度8℃于HPLC-QQQ-MS进行同一批次炮制前后肉苁蓉中这五种成分的含量测定。结果显示5种成分在各自范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)在0.9929~0.9985之间,平均加样回收率在98.15%~100.2%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)小于4.6%。所建立的研究方法简便准确,可用于肉苁蓉的质量控制,并用于评价炮制对肉苁蓉含量及药效的影响。
文摘background precipitation in Lijiang, China was investigated. Results showed that the chemical composition of atmospheric background precipitation mainly comes from fly ash and continental atmospheric transfer, and does not have any obvious correlation with oceanic aerosol, taking Amsterdam in the Pacific Ocean and St. Georges in the Atlantic Ocean and Katherine, Australia as examples for analysing.
基金Brazilian institutions and research agencies FUNCAP,URCA,UFRPE,ICMBio,UFSM and FIOCRUZ
文摘To establish the chemical profile, and to evaluate the antibacterial and modulatory activity of the ethanolic extracts of the stalk’s inner bark and heartwood of Secondatia floribunda.MethodsQuantification of total phenols and flavonoids was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminum chloride, respectively. Phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diodearray Detector) and the Infrared Spectroscopy was performed using the measure by Attenuated Total Reflectance with Fourier Transform (ATR-FTIR). Antibacterial assays for determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and modification of aminoglycosides were performed by microdilution.ResultsInfrared spectra showed similar characteristics, having among its main absorption bands hydroxyl group (OH). The antibacterial activity showed clinically significant results for the strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In modulation assay, synergic and antagonistic effect for both extracts was observed. Heartwood extract in combination with antibiotics showed a significant MIC reduction at 19.8% (P < 0.000 1)-79.3% (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThis study is the first report of chemical and biological information of Secondatia floribunda suggesting that it is clinically relevant source of a new antibacterial therapy, especially due to the presence of significant levels of phenolic compounds.
