Using thermal barriers at the melting point?Hm and RTm,it is shown that the latter directly reflects the chaotic process,since it is equal to the kinetic energy reserve of chaotic(thermal)particle motions,and the firs...Using thermal barriers at the melting point?Hm and RTm,it is shown that the latter directly reflects the chaotic process,since it is equal to the kinetic energy reserve of chaotic(thermal)particle motions,and the first additionally takes into account the energy expenditure for overcoming the potential energy of the interconnection of particles,which is typical for inorganic compounds.Therefore,to determine the share of crystal-mobile particles responsible for the viscosity of the melt,the chaotization barrier of RTm should be used,since in the virtual clusters the potential binding energy is conserved,thereby compensating for the heat expense of breaking these bonds upon melting.Therefore,to analyze the share of crystal-mobile particles,it is necessary to use the formula of their share in the form:Pcrm=1-exp(-tm/t).On the basis of the distribution of clusters previously found by the authors in terms of the number of crystal-mobile particles included in them,it was shown that all non-single crystal-mobile particles are responsible for the viscosity,and for flowability all single particles,including crystal-mobile,liquid-mobile and vapor-mobile.This ensures the superiority of the share of single particles over the share of crystal-mobile particles arranged in non-single clusters at the melting point,and thereby the fluidity of the melt.Based on the share distribution of clusters in terms of the number of particles entering into them,the share of non-single clusters responsible for the viscosity of the melt is expressed as:Pct=p2crm=[1-exp(-Tm/T)2].The probabilistic meaning of the formation of clusters from non-single crystal-mobile particles is extended to the formation of associates,which made it possible to disclose the meaning of the second level of the exponential dependence of viscosity in the cluster and associate model:η=η1(T1/T)a2(T2/T)b,where the first level is responsible for the formation of clusters,and the second—for associates.This form corresponds to the physical hierarchy when combining crystal-mobile particles.The previously proposed method for processing viscosity data for the cluster and associate model assumed the use of three reference points from the available experimental array of values of viscosity at different temperatures.This method is supplemented by using the entire set of data on the viscosity with the preservation of two reference points and processing the rest to determine the exponent b,which has the meaning of aggregation degree of associates,from the linearized dependence:ln in(η/η1)in(T1/T2)/IN(T1/T)in(η/η1)=bin(T1/T).The new method was tested on reference data and showed its high statistical adequacy.展开更多
To solve the problem of strong nonlinear and motion model switching of maneuvering target tracking system in clutter environment, a novel maneuvering multi-target tracking algorithm based on multiple model particle fi...To solve the problem of strong nonlinear and motion model switching of maneuvering target tracking system in clutter environment, a novel maneuvering multi-target tracking algorithm based on multiple model particle filter is presented in this paper. The algorithm realizes dynamic combination of multiple model particle filter and joint probabilistic data association algorithm. The rapid expan- sion of computational complexity, caused by the simple combination of the interacting multiple model algorithm and particle filter is solved by introducing model information into the sampling process of particle state, and the effective validation and utilization of echo is accomplished by the joint proba- bilistic data association algorithm. The concrete steps of the algorithm are given, and the theory analysis and simulation results show the validity of the method.展开更多
Aiming at the problem of strong nonlinear and effective echo confirm of multi-target tracking system in clutters environment, a novel maneuvering multitarget tracking algorithm based on modified generalized probabilis...Aiming at the problem of strong nonlinear and effective echo confirm of multi-target tracking system in clutters environment, a novel maneuvering multitarget tracking algorithm based on modified generalized probabilistic data association is proposed in this paper. In view of the advantage of particle filter which can deal with the nonlinear and non-Gaussian system, it is introduced into the framework of generalized probabilistic data association to calculate the residual and residual covariance matrices, and the interconnection probability is further optimized. On that basis, the dynamic combination of particle filter and generalized probabilistic data association method is realized in the new algorithm. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show the filtering precision is obviously improved with respect to the tradition method using suboptimal filter.展开更多
背景:骨质疏松性骨折是骨质疏松症最严重的并发症,既往的研究已经证实了肠道菌群对骨骼组织具有调节作用,肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折有着重要关系,但是二者之间的因果关系尚不清楚。目的:使用孟德尔随机化(MR)方法探索肠道菌群与骨质疏...背景:骨质疏松性骨折是骨质疏松症最严重的并发症,既往的研究已经证实了肠道菌群对骨骼组织具有调节作用,肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折有着重要关系,但是二者之间的因果关系尚不清楚。目的:使用孟德尔随机化(MR)方法探索肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折之间的因果关系。方法:从IEU Open GWAS数据库和芬兰数据库R9中分别获得了肠道菌群和骨质疏松性骨折的GWAS数据集,以肠道菌群作为暴露因素,骨质疏松性骨折作为结局变量,采用随机效应逆方差加权法、MR-Egger回归、加权中位数法、简单模型法以及加权模型法进行孟德尔随机化分析来评估肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折之间是否存在因果关系,通过敏感性分析来检验结果的可靠性和稳健性,并进行反向孟德尔随机化分析来进一步验证正向孟德尔随机化分析中确定的因果关系。结果与结论:①此孟德尔随机化分析结果表明,肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折之间存在因果关系。放线菌目(OR=1.562,95%CI:1.027-2.375,P=0.037)、放线菌科(OR=1.561,95%CI:1.027-2.374,P=0.037)、放线菌属(OR=1.544,95%CI:1.130-2.110,P=0.006)、丁酸球菌属(OR=1.781,95%CI:1.194-2.657,P=0.005)、粪球菌属-2(OR=1.550,95%CI:1.068-2.251,P=0.021)、Family ⅩⅢ UCG-001属(OR=1.473,95%CI:1.001-2.168,P=0.049)、产甲烷短杆菌属(OR=1.274,95%CI:1.001-1.621,P=0.049)、罗氏菌属(OR=1.429,95%CI:1.015-2.013,P=0.041)的丰度升高,会增加患者骨质疏松性骨折的风险;②拟杆菌纲(OR=0.660,95%CI:0.455-0.959,P=0.029)、拟杆菌目(OR=0.660,95%CI:0.455-0.959,P=0.029)、克里斯滕森氏菌科(OR=0.725,95%CI:0.529-0.995,P=0.047)、瘤胃球菌科(OR=0.643,95%CI:0.443-0.933,P=0.020)、肠杆菌属(OR=0.558,95%CI:0.395-0.788,P=0.001)、直肠真杆菌属(OR=0.631,95%CI:0.435-0.916,P=0.016)、毛螺菌科-UCG008(OR=0.738,95%CI:0.546-0.998,P=0.048)、瘤胃梭菌属-9(OR=0.492,95%CI:0.324-0.746,P=0.001)的丰度升高,会降低患者骨质疏松性骨折的风险。③文章通过孟德尔随机化方法发现了16种与骨质疏松性骨折相关的肠道菌群,即以肠道菌群为暴露因素,骨质疏松性骨折为结局变量,8种肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折呈正向因果关联,另外8种肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折呈负向因果关联。④此研究结果不仅为临床上骨质疏松性骨折的早期预测及潜在治疗靶点确定了新的生物标志物,还为骨组织工程中研究通过肠道菌群改善骨质疏松性骨折的发生与预后提供了实验基础和理论依据。展开更多
We developed a single-particle optical particle counter with polarization detection(SOPC)for the real-time measurement of the optical size and depolarization ratio(defined as the ratio of the vertical component to the...We developed a single-particle optical particle counter with polarization detection(SOPC)for the real-time measurement of the optical size and depolarization ratio(defined as the ratio of the vertical component to the parallel component of backward scattering)of atmospheric particles,the polarization ratio(DR)value can reflect the irregularity of the particles.The SOPC can detect aerosol particles with size larger than 500 nm and the maximum particle count rate reaches~1.8×10^(5)particles per liter.The SOPC uses a modulated polarization laser to measure the optical size of particles according to forward scattering signal and the DR value of the particles by backward S and P signal components.The sampling rate of the SOPC was 106#/(sec·channel),and all the raw data were processed online.The calibration curve was obtained by polystyrene latex spheres with sizes of 0.5-10μm,and the average relative deviation of measurement was 3.96% for sub 3μm particles.T-matrix method calculations showed that the DR value of backscatter light at 120°could describe the variations in the aspect ratio of particles in the above size range.We performed insitu observations for the evaluation of the SOPC,the mass concentration constructed by the SOPC showed good agreement with the PM_(2.5)measurements in a nearby state-controlled monitoring site.This instrument could provide useful data for source appointment and regulations against air pollution.展开更多
We reviewed the study by He et al,which investigates the genetic correlation between ulcerative colitis(UC)and anxiety using bidirectional Mendelian rando-mization.This study reveals a genetic link between UC and anxi...We reviewed the study by He et al,which investigates the genetic correlation between ulcerative colitis(UC)and anxiety using bidirectional Mendelian rando-mization.This study reveals a genetic link between UC and anxiety,diverging from prior research associating higher anxiety with Crohn’s disease.While the study's use of large-scale genome-wide association studies data is commendable,it faces limitations such as single nucleotide polymorphism selection biases,lack of multiple testing corrections,and a reliance on European populations.Future research should address these limitations,incorporate diverse populations,and explore psychotherapeutic interventions to improve UC management and patient outcomes.展开更多
文摘Using thermal barriers at the melting point?Hm and RTm,it is shown that the latter directly reflects the chaotic process,since it is equal to the kinetic energy reserve of chaotic(thermal)particle motions,and the first additionally takes into account the energy expenditure for overcoming the potential energy of the interconnection of particles,which is typical for inorganic compounds.Therefore,to determine the share of crystal-mobile particles responsible for the viscosity of the melt,the chaotization barrier of RTm should be used,since in the virtual clusters the potential binding energy is conserved,thereby compensating for the heat expense of breaking these bonds upon melting.Therefore,to analyze the share of crystal-mobile particles,it is necessary to use the formula of their share in the form:Pcrm=1-exp(-tm/t).On the basis of the distribution of clusters previously found by the authors in terms of the number of crystal-mobile particles included in them,it was shown that all non-single crystal-mobile particles are responsible for the viscosity,and for flowability all single particles,including crystal-mobile,liquid-mobile and vapor-mobile.This ensures the superiority of the share of single particles over the share of crystal-mobile particles arranged in non-single clusters at the melting point,and thereby the fluidity of the melt.Based on the share distribution of clusters in terms of the number of particles entering into them,the share of non-single clusters responsible for the viscosity of the melt is expressed as:Pct=p2crm=[1-exp(-Tm/T)2].The probabilistic meaning of the formation of clusters from non-single crystal-mobile particles is extended to the formation of associates,which made it possible to disclose the meaning of the second level of the exponential dependence of viscosity in the cluster and associate model:η=η1(T1/T)a2(T2/T)b,where the first level is responsible for the formation of clusters,and the second—for associates.This form corresponds to the physical hierarchy when combining crystal-mobile particles.The previously proposed method for processing viscosity data for the cluster and associate model assumed the use of three reference points from the available experimental array of values of viscosity at different temperatures.This method is supplemented by using the entire set of data on the viscosity with the preservation of two reference points and processing the rest to determine the exponent b,which has the meaning of aggregation degree of associates,from the linearized dependence:ln in(η/η1)in(T1/T2)/IN(T1/T)in(η/η1)=bin(T1/T).The new method was tested on reference data and showed its high statistical adequacy.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （60634030）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （60702066, 6097219） and the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province （092300410158）.
文摘To solve the problem of strong nonlinear and motion model switching of maneuvering target tracking system in clutter environment, a novel maneuvering multi-target tracking algorithm based on multiple model particle filter is presented in this paper. The algorithm realizes dynamic combination of multiple model particle filter and joint probabilistic data association algorithm. The rapid expan- sion of computational complexity, caused by the simple combination of the interacting multiple model algorithm and particle filter is solved by introducing model information into the sampling process of particle state, and the effective validation and utilization of echo is accomplished by the joint proba- bilistic data association algorithm. The concrete steps of the algorithm are given, and the theory analysis and simulation results show the validity of the method.
文摘Aiming at the problem of strong nonlinear and effective echo confirm of multi-target tracking system in clutters environment, a novel maneuvering multitarget tracking algorithm based on modified generalized probabilistic data association is proposed in this paper. In view of the advantage of particle filter which can deal with the nonlinear and non-Gaussian system, it is introduced into the framework of generalized probabilistic data association to calculate the residual and residual covariance matrices, and the interconnection probability is further optimized. On that basis, the dynamic combination of particle filter and generalized probabilistic data association method is realized in the new algorithm. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show the filtering precision is obviously improved with respect to the tradition method using suboptimal filter.
文摘背景:骨质疏松性骨折是骨质疏松症最严重的并发症,既往的研究已经证实了肠道菌群对骨骼组织具有调节作用,肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折有着重要关系,但是二者之间的因果关系尚不清楚。目的:使用孟德尔随机化(MR)方法探索肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折之间的因果关系。方法:从IEU Open GWAS数据库和芬兰数据库R9中分别获得了肠道菌群和骨质疏松性骨折的GWAS数据集,以肠道菌群作为暴露因素,骨质疏松性骨折作为结局变量,采用随机效应逆方差加权法、MR-Egger回归、加权中位数法、简单模型法以及加权模型法进行孟德尔随机化分析来评估肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折之间是否存在因果关系,通过敏感性分析来检验结果的可靠性和稳健性,并进行反向孟德尔随机化分析来进一步验证正向孟德尔随机化分析中确定的因果关系。结果与结论:①此孟德尔随机化分析结果表明,肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折之间存在因果关系。放线菌目(OR=1.562,95%CI:1.027-2.375,P=0.037)、放线菌科(OR=1.561,95%CI:1.027-2.374,P=0.037)、放线菌属(OR=1.544,95%CI:1.130-2.110,P=0.006)、丁酸球菌属(OR=1.781,95%CI:1.194-2.657,P=0.005)、粪球菌属-2(OR=1.550,95%CI:1.068-2.251,P=0.021)、Family ⅩⅢ UCG-001属(OR=1.473,95%CI:1.001-2.168,P=0.049)、产甲烷短杆菌属(OR=1.274,95%CI:1.001-1.621,P=0.049)、罗氏菌属(OR=1.429,95%CI:1.015-2.013,P=0.041)的丰度升高,会增加患者骨质疏松性骨折的风险;②拟杆菌纲(OR=0.660,95%CI:0.455-0.959,P=0.029)、拟杆菌目(OR=0.660,95%CI:0.455-0.959,P=0.029)、克里斯滕森氏菌科(OR=0.725,95%CI:0.529-0.995,P=0.047)、瘤胃球菌科(OR=0.643,95%CI:0.443-0.933,P=0.020)、肠杆菌属(OR=0.558,95%CI:0.395-0.788,P=0.001)、直肠真杆菌属(OR=0.631,95%CI:0.435-0.916,P=0.016)、毛螺菌科-UCG008(OR=0.738,95%CI:0.546-0.998,P=0.048)、瘤胃梭菌属-9(OR=0.492,95%CI:0.324-0.746,P=0.001)的丰度升高,会降低患者骨质疏松性骨折的风险。③文章通过孟德尔随机化方法发现了16种与骨质疏松性骨折相关的肠道菌群,即以肠道菌群为暴露因素,骨质疏松性骨折为结局变量,8种肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折呈正向因果关联,另外8种肠道菌群与骨质疏松性骨折呈负向因果关联。④此研究结果不仅为临床上骨质疏松性骨折的早期预测及潜在治疗靶点确定了新的生物标志物,还为骨组织工程中研究通过肠道菌群改善骨质疏松性骨折的发生与预后提供了实验基础和理论依据。
基金supported by the Research and Development of Instruments and Equipments,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.YJKYYQ20200009)。
文摘We developed a single-particle optical particle counter with polarization detection(SOPC)for the real-time measurement of the optical size and depolarization ratio(defined as the ratio of the vertical component to the parallel component of backward scattering)of atmospheric particles,the polarization ratio(DR)value can reflect the irregularity of the particles.The SOPC can detect aerosol particles with size larger than 500 nm and the maximum particle count rate reaches~1.8×10^(5)particles per liter.The SOPC uses a modulated polarization laser to measure the optical size of particles according to forward scattering signal and the DR value of the particles by backward S and P signal components.The sampling rate of the SOPC was 106#/(sec·channel),and all the raw data were processed online.The calibration curve was obtained by polystyrene latex spheres with sizes of 0.5-10μm,and the average relative deviation of measurement was 3.96% for sub 3μm particles.T-matrix method calculations showed that the DR value of backscatter light at 120°could describe the variations in the aspect ratio of particles in the above size range.We performed insitu observations for the evaluation of the SOPC,the mass concentration constructed by the SOPC showed good agreement with the PM_(2.5)measurements in a nearby state-controlled monitoring site.This instrument could provide useful data for source appointment and regulations against air pollution.
基金Supported by Guangxi Training Program for Medical High-level Academic LeadersBose Talent Highland+3 种基金Building Projects of Guangxi Bagui Scholars,No.Guirencaiban[2024]-39Building Projects from the Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology(Hepatobiliary Diseases)of Guangxi,the Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Pathology of Guangxi Colleges&UniversitiesClinical Key Specialty Building Project(For Pathology)of Guangxiand Nanshan District Health System Science and Technology Major Project,No.NSZD2024045.
文摘We reviewed the study by He et al,which investigates the genetic correlation between ulcerative colitis(UC)and anxiety using bidirectional Mendelian rando-mization.This study reveals a genetic link between UC and anxiety,diverging from prior research associating higher anxiety with Crohn’s disease.While the study's use of large-scale genome-wide association studies data is commendable,it faces limitations such as single nucleotide polymorphism selection biases,lack of multiple testing corrections,and a reliance on European populations.Future research should address these limitations,incorporate diverse populations,and explore psychotherapeutic interventions to improve UC management and patient outcomes.
